GSM Bss Swap Guide

GSM BSS Swap Guide-20060430-A-1.
For internal use only
Document
Product
number
number
Product
Intended for
Edited for
GBSS
engineers
and
GSM RNO engineers

GSM Product/RNO GEO
GSM BSS
version
Document
number
GSM BSS Swap Guide

Prepared by
Reviewed by
Chen Xinting, Yang Jie,

Fan Kai, and Yi Hongwei
Si Fazhong, etc.
Date
2006-03-02
Date
Reviewed by
Date
Approved by
Date
Huawei Technologies, Co., Ltd.

All rights reserved
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Revision Record
Data
Revision Version
Version Description
Author
2006-02-22
V1.0
Initial Version
Chen Xinting, Yang Jie, Fan Kai, and

Yi Hongwei
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Swap Principle and Strategy..............................................................................................8
1.1 Huawei Network Swap Experience........................................................................................... 8
1.2 General Swap Principle........................................................................................................... 9
1.3 Swap Implementation Strategy................................................................................................. 9
1.4 Swap Procedure...................................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 2 Network Information Collection and Evaluation..............................................................13
2.1 Network Information Collection............................................................................................. 13
2.1.1 Basic Information of the Original Network...................................................................13
2.1.2 Basic Needs and Functions of the Original Network.......................................................18
2.1.3 Basic Equipment Information of the Original Network...................................................19
2.1.4 RNP Data of the Original Network...............................................................................23
2.1.5 Core Network KPI of the Original Network..................................................................25
2.1.6 Transmission Networking Information of the Original Network......................................26
2.1.7 Power Supply Configuration of the Original Network....................................................28
2.1.8 Abnormal Network Information and Customer Complaints.............................................29
2.1.9 Customers Engineering and Maintenance Capability.....................................................29
2.1.10 Acceptance Information............................................................................................ 30
2.2 Analysis and Evaluation of the Original Network.....................................................................30
2.2.1 DT Evaluation............................................................................................................ 30
2.2.2 Network KPI Evaluation............................................................................................. 31
2.2.3 Other Evaluations....................................................................................................... 32
2.2.4 Confirmation of the Acceptance Indicators after Network Swap......................................36
Chapter 3 Project Survey, Equipment Installation and Test..............................................................36
3.1 Survey and Design................................................................................................................ 36
3.1.1 Survey of BSC/PCU Room......................................................................................... 37
3.1.2 BTS Survey............................................................................................................... 39
3.1.3 M2000 Survey........................................................................................................... 43
3.1.4 Project Design............................................................................................................ 44
3.2 Hardware Installation............................................................................................................ 45
3.2.1 Goods Preparation...................................................................................................... 45
3.2.2 BSC Installation......................................................................................................... 46
3.2.3 Huawei PCU Installation............................................................................................. 46
3.2.4 BTS Installation......................................................................................................... 46
3.2.5 M2000 Installation..................................................................................................... 48
3.2.6 Removing the Equipment of the Original Network.........................................................48
3.3 GBSS Test........................................................................................................................... 48
3.3.1 BSC Test Points......................................................................................................... 48
3.3.2 CDB/CBC Test.......................................................................................................... 49
3.3.3 PCU Test................................................................................................................... 50
3.3.4 BTS Test................................................................................................................... 51
3.3.5 M2000 Test................................................................................................................ 52
3.3.6 Equipment Function Acceptance..................................................................................53
Chapter 4 Network Swap Planning and Network Parameters...........................................................54
4.1 Network Swap Planning........................................................................................................ 54
4.1.1 Whole Network Planning............................................................................................ 54
4.1.2 Network Swap Planning Data Design...........................................................................57
4.1.3 RNP Data Review...................................................................................................... 61
4.2 Network Interconnection Parameter Confirmation....................................................................61
4.2.1 A-interface Interconnection Parameters.........................................................................61
4.2.2 Gb-interface Interconnection Parameters.......................................................................63
4.3 Customer Suggestion............................................................................................................ 64
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Chapter 5 Network Swap Preparations............................................................................................ 65

5.1 Network Swap Solution Design and Review............................................................................65
5.1.1 Overall Swap Solutions............................................................................................... 65
5.1.2 Designing and Reviewing the Solutions Used to Swap Network Elements........................65
5.1.3 Swap Plan and Customer Confirmation.........................................................................66
5.2 Network Swap Preparations................................................................................................... 66
5.2.1 Coordination Meeting and Customer Cooperation..........................................................66
5.2.2 Integration Difficulty Analysis and Emergency Measures...............................................67
5.2.3 Personnel Arrangement, Vehicle Arrangement, Test Tool, Installation Tool, Equipment
Preparation, and Emergency Measure....................................................................................67
5.2.4 Version Confirmation and License Application..............................................................70
5.2.5 Swap Data Design and BTS Swap Preparation..............................................................71
5.2.6 Pre-integration........................................................................................................... 73
Chapter 6 Swap Implementation...................................................................................................... 75
6.1 Network Integration on the Swap Day.....................................................................................75
6.1.1 Network Integration Schedule......................................................................................75
6.1.2 Checking Each Network Element (Before Integration)...................................................77
6.1.3 BSC Integration......................................................................................................... 78
6.1.4 MSC-Related Work during BSC Integration..................................................................79
6.1.5 BTS Integration.......................................................................................................... 80
6.1.6 PCU Integration......................................................................................................... 84
BSC overall performance measurement............................................................................................ 84
G-Abis interface performance measurement.....................................................................................84
Pb interface performance measurement............................................................................................ 84
6.1.7 Network Optimization Arrangement.............................................................................85
6.2 Emergency Measures and Changback for Network Integration..................................................85
6.2.1 Emergency Measures.................................................................................................. 85
6.2.2 Changeback Principle Description................................................................................86
6.2.3 Changeback Measures................................................................................................ 87
6.3 Network Monitoring on the Day Next to Swap.........................................................................87
Chapter 7 After-Swap Network Quality Monitoring and Optimization.............................................88
7.1 Online Equipment Problem Handling......................................................................................88
7.1.1 Hardware Problem Handling.......................................................................................88
7.1.2 Complaint Handling................................................................................................... 89
7.1.3 Alarm Analysis........................................................................................................... 89
7.2 Network Monitoring and Optimization....................................................................................90
7.2.1 OMC Traffic Statistics Analysis...................................................................................90
7.2.2 Analysis of NSS-Related Radio Indicators....................................................................92
7.2.3 Analysis of Area DT and CQT and Related Suggestions.................................................93
7.2.4 After-Swap Network Maintenance................................................................................93
7.2.5 Network Optimization................................................................................................ 93
7.3 Customer Communication..................................................................................................... 94
Chapter 8 Swap Acceptance and Document Transformation............................................................94
8.1 Preliminary Acceptance......................................................................................................... 94
8.2 Network Performance Acceptance.......................................................................................... 94
8.3 Document Transformation..................................................................................................... 95
Chapter 9 Swap Risk Analysis......................................................................................................... 95
9.1 Network Information Collection and Risk Evaluation...............................................................95
9.1.1 Risks Caused by Inadequate Understanding of the Performance of the Original Equipment95
9.1.2 Risks Caused by Inaccurate Information.......................................................................95
9.1.3 Case Study................................................................................................................ 96
9.2 Project Survey, Equipment Installation and Commissioning......................................................98
9.2.1 Interconnection Risks................................................................................................. 98
9.2.2 Problems Related to Interconnection of GBSS and G9...................................................98
9.2.3 Risks Concerning BTS Survey.....................................................................................98
9.2.4 Quality Risks Caused by Project Installation Teams Engineering Level...........................99
9.2.5 Version Risk.............................................................................................................. 99
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9.2.6 Case Study.............................................................................................................. 100

9.3 Network Planning and Optimization Risk..............................................................................101
9.3.1 Risk Related to Network Indicators............................................................................101
9.3.2 Coverage Risk.......................................................................................................... 102
9.3.3 Inadequate Test before Swap.....................................................................................102
9.3.4 Frequency Planning Risk........................................................................................... 103
9.3.5 Risk Related to Traffic Volume..................................................................................103
9.3.6 Case Study.............................................................................................................. 103
9.4 BSS Integration and Monitoring Risk....................................................................................104
9.4.1 Risk Relate to BSS Integration Solution......................................................................104
9.4.2 Risk Related to BTS Pre-integration...........................................................................105
9.4.3 Risk Related to Transmission Commissioning.............................................................105
9.4.4 Risk Related to BTS Integration.................................................................................105
9.4.5 Emergency Problems Related to BSC Integration........................................................106
9.4.6 Handling of Abnormal Conditions during BTS Integration............................................106
9.4.7 Case Study.............................................................................................................. 107
9.5 Acceptance Risks................................................................................................................ 108
9.5.1 Risk Related to Customer Communication..................................................................108
9.5.2 Risk Related to Acceptance Test before Integration......................................................108
9.5.3 Case Study.............................................................................................................. 109
9.6 Non-technical Risk Analysis................................................................................................ 109
9.6.1 Risk Related to Contract Items...................................................................................109
9.6.2 Risk Related to Project Duration Risk.........................................................................109
9.6.3 Management Risk..................................................................................................... 110
9.6.4 Risk Related to Communication.................................................................................111
9.6.5 Risk Related to Contract Implementation....................................................................111
9.6.6 Risk Related to Work Flow........................................................................................ 112
9.6.7 Case Study............................................................................................................... 112
Appendix: Reference Document Catalog and Network Integration Checklist...................................114
9.7 Reference Document Catalog............................................................................................... 114
9.8 Network Integration Checklist..............................................................................................114
9.8.1 BSC Service Test...................................................................................................... 114
9.8.2 GPRS Dialing Test Checklist.....................................................................................115
9.8.3 A-interface Dialing Test Checklist..............................................................................116
9.8.4 Abis Interface Dialing Test Checklist..........................................................................116
9.8.5 BTS Radio Channel Dialing Test Checklist.................................................................117
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GSM BSS Swap Guide
GSM BSS Swap Solution (Template)

Key words: swap, integration, GBSS, network optimization
Abstract:
Compared with the swap documents edited before, this document describes the whole swap
procedures based on the swap experience of the current GBSS (the version is BSC32). As with this
version, the focuses are on the introduction of the specific swap implementation from the perspective
of engineering and the differentiation of the engineering scenarios. In addition, this document also
provides the tips on how to control network quality and what should be paid attention to (especially
the coverage and parameters) during swap. Furthermore, this document gives the risk analysis and
related cases for your reference. In a word, this document can help you improve work efficiency,
avoid unexpected problems, reduce technical requirement on engineers, and ensure swap quality.
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Preface
What are the characteristics of this document?
Whole swap procedures are described in this document and the focuses are given to four
aspects, including network information collection and evaluation, network optimization,
swap implementation, and risk analysis.
The differentiation of the original network information is available and the information
collected according to the forms provided in this document can meet swap requirement.
Engineering scenarios and detailed swap steps are provided.
Risk analysis and many cases are available.
Delivery according to contract is appreciated.
Control of network swap quality is emphasized.
Swap cases are updated.
How to use this document?

Network swap is a systematic project, so it must be implemented according to steps. More
importantly, good planning and network monitoring are necessary.
This document consists of several chapters, but the actual swap process can be divided into
three parts, including network information collection (Chapter 1, 2, and 3), swap
implementation (Chapter 4, 5, and 6), and network monitoring and acceptance (Chapter 7
and 8).
Collecting and evaluating the information of the original network is the most important for a
successful swap. Therefore, the earlier to provide technical service and use this document,
the better for the network swap. Generally, this document must be used after contract
signature but before network swap so that the network information collection and evaluation
can be finished as soon as possible.
The parts for survey, installation and commissioning, and integration preparation are for the
implementation engineers reference.
This document can be used as the template of network swap and integration during the
implementation of a swap project.
The parts for RNP and RNO are for the RNO engineers reference.
The parts for risk analysis are for project engineers reference.
Note:
In this document, the original network refers to the network need to be swapped but
has not been swapped.
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Chapter 1 Swap Principle and Strategy

At present, the GSM technology is mature than ever before, and so is the market competition.
Therefore, GSM network swap, especially the swap of the base station system, will surely become
the trend. The GSM network swap is a complex systematic project for the following
considerations:
Multiple operators equipments are involved.
The features of the equipments vary with operators.
The network structure will change after swap.
The quality of the swap implementation must be ensured.
The cooperation of different operators equipments must be available.
The RNP and RNO level is a great concern during network swap.
The performance of various equipments may be greatly different in the same geographic
environment.
As a leading GSM equipment provider in the world, Huawei has swapped multiple operators
networks and has acculturated rich experience. Hereunder lists several examples and gives a
general description of the swap strategies.
1.1 Huawei Network Swap Experience

Huawei GSM system has been widely used in the worldwide. By December 2005, Huawei has
swapped 300, 000 TRXs and more than 50,000 BTSs and the equipments of many world-honored
operators are involved, including Motorola, Siemens, Ericsson, Nokia, Bell, Alcatel, Nortel,
Lucent, etc. Huawei has accumulated rich experience in network swap through these projects,
among which the major projects are listed in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Major swap projects implemented by Huawei
Country or region
Operator
Equipment
provider
of
the
Swap scale
original network
Philippines
Digitel
Alcatel
5893TRX
Nigeria
MTN
Ericsson
4795TRX
Liaoning Province
Unicom
Lucent
6241TRX
Indonesia
Indosat
Siemens
4552TRX
Sichuan Province
China Mobile
Ericsson
4505TRX
Colombia
Movil
Siemens
1300TRX
Guangdong
China Unicom
Motorola
4405TRX
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Zhejiang
China Unicom
Nortel
870TRX
Fujian Province
China Mobile
Nokia
3000TRX
Inner Mongolia
China Mobile
Nokia
1065TRX
Note:
Actually, multiple network elements, such as MSC, HLR, and GPRS part, are involved in
GSM network swap. In this case, you should swap the core network part, and then swap the
base station part.
If network expansion and construction should be performed during the swap, you should swap
the network first so that the smooth transition of the network can be ensured.
The network indicators must be consistent with that specified in the contract for delivery.
1.2 General Swap Principle

The swap of the GBSS is the same as that of other network elements and the following four
principles should be followed:
Security
Excellent quality and low cost
Smooth transition
High efficiency
1.3 Swap Implementation Strategy

From the perspective of the effect against the network, the following strategies can be used for
GBSS swap.
Parallel swap
One-time swap
Batch swap (recommended)
Mixed swap
1.4 Swap Procedure

This document introduces the whole swap procedures, including network information collection
and evaluation, equipment installation and commissioning, network swap planning, integration
solution design, swap preparation, integration preparation, after-integration test and optimization,
and swap acceptance. The key tasks are network information collection and swap implementation.
Figure 1.1 shows the whole network swap procedure.
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Start, contract information
Communicate with customers , make contract and technical

proposal
Netw ork information

collection
Basic information of the original network/

basic need and function/equipment
information/RNP data/core network KPI/
transmission networking/power supply
configuration/abnormal network information
and customer complaint/customers'
engineering and maintenance capability/
acceptance standards
Analysis and evaluation of

the original netw ork
DT test/KPI evaluation/CQT for VIP area/

GPRSCQT and GPRS DT test/external
interference test/CW test/simulation/MOS
test/coverage comparison test
Project survey and design
BSC/PCU/BTS/project design file for

M2000/survey report
Goods preparation, shipment, transportation, customs clearance, storage, goods

distribution
Hardware installation
Install g temporary
BTS
Install BSC/PCU/M2000
Transmission
adequate or not ?
Install BTS equipment
Cabinet
installation space
adequate or not?
Allocate
temporary
transmission
resource
Temporary
installation space?
Y
Y
Constructing new
power supply?
Hardw are
installation
completed
Y
BSC/PCU hardw are check,
acceptance, pow er-on test,
hardw are status
Constructing new
antenna
Y
Hardw are
installation
completed
BSC/PCU
commissioning
Connect to core
netw ork
Joint debugging
w ith BSC
BTS transmissio
qualified or not?
BTS off-line
test
Acceptance test for various functions, services, and BSC/PCU

equipment
Netw ork sw ap implementation
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Netw ork sw ap implementation
Netw ork sw ap
planning
Total netw ork planning/after-sw ap acceptance/sw ap

RNP data design/planning data review /interconnection
parameter confirmation
Sw ap solution design
General network swap solution/design and review for the swap solutions to network
elements/integration plan and customer confirmation
Sw ap preparation
Integration coordiination and affairs needing customers' cooperation/analyzing

integration difficulties and making emergency measures for integration failure/
personnel arrangement, vehicle arrangement, test tool, installation tool, spare part
preparation and emergent measures/data preparation
Pre-integration
or not?
Pre-integration
Test passed
or not?
Failure
processing
Y
Transmission
confirmation
The transmission at the A/A-sub/Abis/Pb/Gb interfaces

need to be confirmed.
BSC integration
Is each network
element normal before
integration
Failure
processing
Y
BSC A-interface
integration
Does BSC run

normally?
A-interface dialing test table/netw ork element status

check/traffic statistics registration
Failure
processing
Success
or not?
Changeback of the
data of the original
BSC
End
Y
Shut dow n the original
BTS
BTS integration
Remove the original

BTS
Package the orginal cabinet properly
Install new cabinet,

pow er-on check the
hardw are
Focus attention on checking TRX transmit pow er
Transmission system
integration
BTS on-line test
Focus attention on testing TRX call and service
Antenna and feeder

system integration
Focus attention on testing standing-to-w ave ratio
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The test contents include signal strength, Ec/Io,

interference indicators, and site distance
Field DT acceptance
Analyze test results

and check BTS
running state
Success
or not?
Failure processing
Success
or not?
Change back to the

original BTS
End
Integration completed
Netw ork quality monitoring and optimization after sw ap
Process equipment
problems online
Equipment failure processing/complaint

processing/alarm analysis
Netw ork evaluation
KPI analysis: voice KPI analysis/packet service

KPI analysis/NSS-side indicator analysis/DT
analysis/CQT analysis
Netw ork
optimization
adjustment
N
Meet the requirement
specified in contract or not?
Y
Sw ap acceptance/documentation handover
End
Figure 1.1 Whole network swap procedures
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Chapter 2 Network Information Collection and

Evaluation
Engineering capability is the key to the success of a swap project. To improve work efficiency and
thoroughly understand customers needs, you should collect the related network information
beforehand. This chapter introduces the information needed to be collected before swapping a
network. You can obtain the data through contract review, customer communication, field test, etc.
2.1 Network Information Collection

The following information of the original network must be collected:
Basic information of the network
Basic needs and functions
Basic information on the operation of online equipment
RNP data
Transmission and networking information
Information of power supply configuration
Abnormal network information and customers complaints
Customers engineering and maintenance capability
2.1.1 Basic Information of the Original Network

I. Network Structure of the Original Network
The network structure of the original network should contain the basic information of the main
equipments, such as the MSC, BSC (PCU), and the overall BTS layout. If packet service is
available in the original network, the information of the packet equipments, such as SGSN and
GGSN, should be included. If the core network needs to be swapped, the basic networking
information of the HLR and MSC should be included. In addition, the description of the
configuration and capacity of the network should also be provided based on the networking
diagram. If possible, you can configure the BTS layout created by MAOINFO.
If you have an all-round understanding of the above information, you can know more about the
total network and see more clearly the order and difficulty of the swap project.
Figure 1.1 shows the schematic drawing of a GSM network.
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Figure 1.1 Schematic drawing of a GSM network

In the urban area of XX city, the operator S has 2 MSCs. MSC1 can accommodate 270,000 users
and has 5 BSCs. They are S BSC2, S BSC5, S BSC 6, S BSC 12, and Huawei BSC2, responsible
for the covering eastern XX district, XX district, and XX road. MSC2 can accommodate 300,000
users and has 6 BSCs. They are S BSC4, S BSC7, SBSC8, S BSC11, S BSC20 and SBSC4,
responsible for covering XX district and XX road.
In the urban area of XXX city, there is 1 Huawei MSC. MSC4 can accommodate 270,000 users
and has 6 BSCs. They are S BSC1, S BSC3, S BSC10, Huawei BSC1, Huawei BSC5, and Huawei
BSC6, responsible for covering XX district and XX road.
II. Configuration Information of the Original Network

The configuration information of the original network includes equipment configuration
information, capacity information, provider information, BSC home information, BTS number
under BSC, TRX number, etc. For details, see the following two tables.
Table 1.1 MSC information in XXX city
Equipment
Original
No.
Name
Capacity
Operator
Version
BSC Carried
MSC1
270,000
SR9
BSC2, 5, 6, 12, HWBSC12
MSC2
300,000
SR9
BSC4, 7, 8, 11, 20, HWBSC4
MSC4
270,000
Huawei
G6
BSC1, 3, 10, HWBSC1, 5, 6
MSC3
220,000
R12
BSC9, 13, 14, 18, 19, HWBSC3
Table 1.2 BSC information in XXX city

No.
BSC
Name
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BTS number
TRX
number
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1
2
3
SBSC12
HWBSC2
HWBSC4
S
Huawei
Huawei
44
47
30
197
317
220
III. OMC Networking Diagram and Network Management System Information

For the networks large in size and the network elements are distributed in vast areas, the OMC
networking is often complex. In this case, multiple routers and switches are needed for
communication. Sometimes the original semi-permanent connection equipment or timeslot
insertion equipment can be used for the networking. Therefore, you are suggested to collect the
OMC networking diagram of the original network. If the original OMC networking is simple and
all the equipments are concentrated in a place, you can use simple local area network for TCP/IP
communication. But before that, you should understand the composition of the local area network.
In a word, it is a must for you to understand the original network management information and the
accessibility of the third partys equipments.
Before swapping a network, you should have an overall understanding of the following contents:
The topology of the network
The accessibility of the third partys equipments for alarming and traffic statistics
The formats and interface standards of the original traffic statistics and alarming data
(Generally, TCP/IP is used for data connection and FTP is used for data transmission)
The types of the wide area network, including ISDN, DDN, X.25, frame relay, etc.
The components of the network, including HUB, exchange, router, ATM exchange, WAN
exchange, access server, timeslot integration equipment, etc.
The performance of the network, especially the indicators about bandwidth and delay.
Figure 1.1 shows the OMC networking diagram used in XXX area.
Figure 1.1 The OMC networking diagram in XXX area

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IV. Traffic Model of the Original Network

The traffic model of the original network should be collected.
Traffic model is the basic data for network capacity planning. Generally, the total network
capacity is predicted according to mathematic models. First the traffic model is used to calculate
the traffic volume of the system, and then the structure of the PLMN can be used to estimate the
traffic volume present of interface, while the traffic volume of each interface can be used to
decide the configuration of the voice circuits and signaling links at the interfaces. Finally, the
TRX channel configuration of the base station can be decided.
Traffic model will be greatly affected by social environment, economy, and main user groups and
will change with the growth of user number. Customers RNP departments are responsible for
providing the traffic model, so there is no unified standard. At present, the traffic model for voice
service is mostly emphasized.
Table 1.1 introduces the traffic model for the voice service of a domestic GSM network.
Table 1.1 Traffic model for GSM voice service (a domestic GSM network)
Item
Busy-hour Erlang per subscriber
Average call hold time
Calling mobile subscribers
Called mobile subscribers
Calls made by each mobile subscriber at busy
hour
Call connected ratio
Mobile subscriber location update at busy hour
Secondary page ratio caused by called mobile
subscriber
Handovers for each call made by mobile
subscriber
Short messages send by each mobile subscriber
at busy hour
Short messages received by each mobile
subscriber at busy hour
Ratio of mobile subscribers roaming inside to
total mobile subscribers
Ratio of mobile subscribers roaming outside to
total mobile subscribers
Mobile subscriber activation ratio
Mobile-Mobile
Fix-Mobile
Traffic distribution
Mobile-Fix
Traffic model-1
0.018
48
39
57
Traffic model-2
0.018
48
39
57
1.35
1.35
80%
1.21
80%
2.61
20%
20%
1.7
128
100
384
211
10%
10%
10%
10%
100%
40%
36%
24%
100%
40%
36%
24%
Table 1.2 introduces the traffic model for the voice service of a foreign GSM network.
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Table 1.2 Traffic model for GSM voice service (a foreign GSM network)
Parameters
Average Call Hold Time
Erlang per Subscriber
BHCA
Mmobile to Mobile
Mobile to Other PLMN
Mobile to PSTN
PSTN to Mobile
SMS Numbers/BH/SUB(MO)
SMS Numbers/BH/SUB(MT)
Ratio of IN subscribers
location update numbers/BH/SUB
location update numbers/BH/SUB(to HLR)
Authentication numbers/BH/SUB
Value
72s
0.02
0.5MO+0.5MT
60%
20%
1
1
95%
1.5
0.3
0.3
Remark
Table 1.3 introduces the traffic model for packet data service.
Table 1.3 Traffic model for packet data service
Item
GOS of circuit service
Busy-hour Erlang per subscriber for circuit service
GPRS user penetration rate
IP layer bandwidth for each (BYTE/s)
Bandwidth for each GPRS channel (BYTE/s)
Busy-hour bandwidth for each GPRS subscriber (bps)
GoS of GPRS service
Value
2%
0.03
50.00%
2500
2000
400
2%
Remark
For reference
For reference
Note:
The increase of the SMS will raise the load on the NO.7 signaling link. Therefore, if the SMS
takes a larger ratio, the configuration of the NO.7 signaling link should be adjusted accordingly;
otherwise the SDCCH and NO.7 signaling link will be congested.
V. Customers Charging Setting Information

Generally, you can collect the customers charging setting information from their market
departments. There information to be collected includes the followings:
Time for free of charge

Some operators set the time for free call. Generally, in this period of time, the traffic volume
will grow rapidly and thus network congestion may be caused.
Monthly fee policies, including monthly fee for the calls made within the same network,
monthly fee for called services, and monthly fee for packet data service.
Charging policies for SMS

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2.1.2 Basic Needs and Functions of the Original Network

You should analyze the basic needs and functions of the network according to the technical
proposals made in contracts, especially you should check if the needs and functions that have been
realized in the original network can be realized by Huawei BSS and if they are supported by
Huawei software. If you find any problem, contact the technical supports as quickly as possible.
Table 1.1 lists the basic services and functions of the original network.
Table 1.1 Basic services and functions of the original network

Item
Voice version
Encryption setting
Circuited data service
TFO
Cell broadcast
Content
FR
No
Not support
Support
Support
EFR
A50
2.4K
Remark
Cell name,
HR
AMR
A51
A52
4.8K
9.6K
Not support
Not support
advertisement,
LCS
SDCCH dynamic allocation
Mutual aid between main
Support
Support
Support
Not support
Not support
Not support
whether reports
BCCHs
MNC
digit
Support
Not support
function
Concentric cell
CO-BCCH
GS interface
Extended cell
GPRS/EDGE
BSC/BTS intra-exchange
Authentication
Paging mechanism
Support
Support
Support
Support
Support
Support
LAC paging
Not support
Not support
Not support
Not support
Not support
Not support
LAC
and
Other paging
2G/3G handover
Acoustic Echo Canceller
Support
Support
paging
Not support
Not support
Noise Suppression
Support
Not support
extension
CI
2.1.3 Basic Equipment Information of the Original Network

I. GSM Protocol Standard Phase Version
For A-interface, the phase versions are PHASE2+, PHASE2, and PHASE1.
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Note:
To avoid that some functions cannot be realized normally after interconnection, you should check
the protocol phase version supported by the original equipment if the original network has been
there for a long time. You are suggested to use singling analyzer to collect the messages sent
across the A-interface and Abis interface at busy hour and send them to technical supports for
verification.
II. Software Version Information

Table 1.1 lists the software version information of some network elements.
Table 1.1 Software version information of MSC, BSC, and BTS
No.
1
2
3
4
Equipment
MSC1
MSC4
BSC2
BSC1
Operator
S
Huawei
S
N
Type
G6
Software version
SR9
R003
SR9
R10
Remark
BTS
ULTRASITE
DE21
III. BSC Configuration Information

Table 1.1 lists the BSC configuration information
Table 1.1 BSC configuration information
BSC
Location
Operator
BTS
TRX
number
number
Half
rate
EDGE
TRX
TRX
number
number
Coverage
Slave
area
MSC
Urban area
SBSC12
44
197
100
90
1
Urban area
MSC3
HWBSC2
Huawei
47
317
231
123
2
Suburban
MSC2
HWBSC4
Huawei
30
220
125
46
area
MSC3
IV. BTS Configuration Information

Table 1.1 lists the BTS configuration information.
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Table 1.1 BTS configuration information

Cell
BTS
Location
Operator
Type
configuratio
n
TRX
Transmission
E1
Slave
number
mode
number
BSC
BFM
K
KPR
XX city
R11
S222
Micro wave
MSC3
I
CBI
XX island
Huawei
3002C
O1
Satellite
MSC2
XXX
Huawei
312
S3443
14
Optical fibre
MSC3
V. TRX Configuration, Combiner Information, Set-top Power
Table 1.1 TRX configuration, combiner information, set-top power

BTS
Type
A9100
BTS30
BTS312
Operator
Configurati
A
Huawei
on
S666
S222
Huawei
S666
Combiner Type
Combination
ANC+ANY
CDU
Mode
4-to-1
2-to-1
2CDU+SCU
Concentric cell
Combiner loss
Set-top
8dB
4.5 dB
Power
7.1W
21.4W
Underlay
Overlay:8dB;
:21.4W;
underlay:4.5dB
Overlay:
9.5W
Note:
You are suggested to select the BTSs with typical configuration and perform field verification of
the set-top power. In addition, you should check if the partner has installed the lightening
protector.
VI. Tower Amplifier Information

If the tower amplifier is configured for the original BTS, you should collect the tower amplifier
information, as listed in Table 1.1.
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Table 1.1 Tower amplifier information

Specification
Operator
Type
Frequency
Receiver
Working
Working
band
gain
voltage
current
Power
supply
mode
CDU
Triplex
900
12dB
12DC
100-200mA
feeder
Duplex
1800
Simplex
VII. Feeder Configuration Principle

The feeders 7/8 and 5/4 are most commonly used. Some operators also use the feeder 18/8.
VIII. BTS Grounding Principle and Feeder Grounding Principle

The BTS grounding principle and feeder grounding principle vary with operators. For example,
the operators in Indonesia have no requirement on feeder grounding, but the operators in Iran do
not allow the feeder to be connected with the tower directly.
IX. Indoor Coverage Distribution System Information

Indoor coverage is used to improve the mobile communication quality for indoor users. The
principle of the indoor coverage system is to use the indoor antenna distribution system to evenly
distribute the signals from the BTS in an indoor environment. At present, the following solutions
are used for indoor coverage.
Repeater + distribution antenna
Macro cell + distribution antenna
Micro cell + distribution antenna
Mini-micro cell + distribution antenna
Mini-micro cell only
You should pay attention to collect the indoor coverage solution used in the original network. If
distribution antenna system is used, you should especially know the feeder configuration principle
of the distribution antenna system and check if there is diversity reception.
X. Repeater Information
The repeater is used in vast areas to cover the indoor dead zones and is the coverage extension of
the surrounding BTSs. The types of repeaters include wireless frequency selection repeater,
optical frequency selection repeater, wireless wide band repeater, and optical wide band repeater.
You should have an overall understanding of the repeaters in the original network and pay special
attention to the repeater location, transmit power, channel number setting, antenna configuration,
etc.
Table 1.1 lists the repeater information should be collected.
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Table 1.1 Repeater information
Type
Provider and
Band or
specification
Channel
Selective
AFL GSM 900
Allgon AR 120
Band
Channel
GSM 900
Mikom MR 340
Channel
Gain
Power
/dB
Downli
nk
)
Figure
/dB
Downli
(Uplink
Noise
Downli
nk
nk
(Uplink
(Uplink
Order
Intercep
t
No.
/dBm
of
Size
Downli
Channe
/mm
nk
ls
(Uplink
)
1,5,10,20
30,50,80,
4.5
40,47,50,
,25 W
95
(4.5)
54
550 x
(30,50,8
(40,47,5
220
0,95)
0,54)
24
40-60
<6
N/A
460 x
(10W)
2
230 (W)
(20)
285 (H)
dBm
120 (D)
32 dBm
85-89
(2channe
6-8
425 (W)
(2channe
channel
255 (H)
l)
l)
modules
110 (D)
28 dBm
82-86
(4channe
(4channe
l)
l)
per
cabinet
[2]
XI. Movable BTS Information

Movable BTSs are often installed in the cars or in the containers that can be easily moved. The
satellite or micro wave is used to transmit the signals for movable BTSs, so movable BTSs are
often used in emergent communication situations. You should have an overall understanding of
the configuration information of the movable BTSs in the original network and pay special
attention to the TRX configuration, transmission mode, and antenna configuration.
2.1.4 RNP Data of the Original Network

I. Proejct Parameters
Hereunder lists the project parameter information
BTS information: BTS name, BTS number, BTS configuration, equipment specification
Cell information: cell number, longitude, latitude, CGI, BSIC, frequency band, channel
number, frequency hopping, cell name
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Antenna and feeder system: antenna type, antenna gain, polarization mode, half-power
angle, electrical tilt, frequency scope, mechanical tilt, antenna height, azimuth, down tilt,
feeder length, diversity mode.
Environment information: city, height above sea level, collocation site, coverage area (urban
area or suburban area)
For more information, see RPO201-05 project parameter table (G).
II. Radio Parameters of the Original Network Providers and Special Functions
The radio parameters of the original network providers include cell parameter, system parameter,
handover, power control, access parameter, frequency hopping, adjacent cell, etc.
First you should obtain the RNP parameter configuration files used by the original network
providers from the customer, and then use the parameter conversion tool to convert these
parameters into the ones used by Huawei.
For more information, you can consult technical support engineers and related operation guides.
III. Original Network Traffic Statistical Data and KPI Formula

The original traffic statistical files vary with equipment providers, but they can be converted into
excel documents by corresponding conversion tools. Therefore, you can obtain such files from
customer. For cell-level indicators, the busy-hour data in 7 days should be collected. For total
network indicators, you can use the data reported on the customer maintenance day (one month of
data is needed).
Generally, the following KPIs will be contained in a contract:
TCH drop rate
SDCCH drop rate
TCH congestion rate
SDCCH congestion rate
Handover success rate
TCH assignment success rate
Call setup success rate
Call success rate
Paging success rate
Radio quality
These KPIs are obtained from some basic indicators through certain calculations and they reflect
the statistical points used by the original equipment provider. You are suggested to collect the
remark files of the KPI formulas from customers.
IV. Network Planning Principle

For frequency planning principle, you should understand the frequency resource, frequency reuse
pattern, reserved channel numbers, etc.
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For cell naming principle, you should understand the composition of cell name, the matching
relationship between cell sequence and azimuth.
For CGI numbering principle, you should understand the matching relationship between the
MCC, MNC, LAC and the areas, and the CI numbering scheme as well.
For BSIC naming principle, you should know the optional scope of the BCC and NCC.
For VIP area, such as the coverage hot-spots, capacity hot-spots, and key organizations, you
should know the related agreements.
For more information, obtain the related documents from the technical support engineers.
V. Channel Configuration
You should know the principles used to configure the CCCH, SDCCH, and PDCH in the original
network. In addition, you should also know the usage of half rate and AMR.
VI. MSC and RNP-related Information

You should collect the following information:
MSC paging modes (paging according to LAC or CGI; TMSI paging, IMSI paging, or mixed
paging; paging times, paging interval; or total network page)
Location update time at the network side
Voice support version
Encryption algorithm selection
Location update success rata and paging success rate
The settings of T305 and T308 have a great effect on call drop rate.
2.1.5 Core Network KPI of the Original Network

I. MSC KPI of the Original Network
The MSC KPI of the original network should be checked. Generally, you can check the following
items:
Subscriber number ratio and intelligent subscriber ratio of the local VLR
Connective rate between MSCs
CPU seizure rate
Traffic volume per line
Traffic load per link
Paging success rate
Location update rate
Inter-MSC handover success rate
Short message sending success rate
Average duration
BHCA
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II. PS KPI of the Original Network

The PS KPI of the original network should be checked. Generally, you can check the following
items:
ATTACH success rate
PDP activation rate
Packet paging success rate
Attached subscriber number
Average attach time
Average PDP activation time
III. Maximum Rate for User Subscription

The maximum rate for user subscription is the most important user subscription parameters in
HLR. If the peak throughput for the SIM subscription is incorrectly set, the EDGE rate will be
slow. Hereunder gives an example.
A user complained that the data service of the PCU MSC9 was unstable and the MSC9 rate
ranged from 60 to 70 Kbps (the rate is far slower than the theoretical value) when 3 PDCHs were
activated simultaneously. It is found later that the peak throughput was set to only 8000 octets/s
(64Kbps) for SIM subscription. Therefore, the peak throughput the user can enjoy is 64Kbps
during data transmission. After changing the peak throughput to 64000 Octets/s in the subscription
information, engineers found that the average download rate was increased to 150Kb. Thus, this
problem was solved.
2.1.6 Transmission Networking Information of the Original Network

I. BTS Transmission Networking Information
You should collect the following BTS transmission networking information:
The networking modes in common use, including star networking, tree networking, chain
networking, ring networking, and mixed networking, in which the chain networking and ring
networking should be paid special attention to.
If the operators are responsible for maintaining the transmission network by their own or
they rent other operators transmission network.
If the original transmission network has adequate capacity and if another one transmission
line can be added to the original site.
II. E1 Reuse Ratio of the Typically-configured BTS

You should pay attention to the E1 configuration of the BTSs with big configuration and the
maximum TRXs that one E1 can support. Generally, the modes include 10:1, 12:1, and 15:1.
III. E1 Types
Twisted pair (120 ) and coaxial cable (75 ) are in common use. For the later one, its connector
types include SMB and BNC.
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IV. Microwave Transmission Equipment

If microwave transmission equipments are wilily used in the original network, you should focus
attention on checking the bit error and synchronization function of the equipment, the
transmission alarm, and the alarm for clock out-of-synchronization.
V. Optical Fiber Information

Check if the optical fiber is directly connected to the BTS. If yes, the type of the optical fiber and
the type of the connector should be paid special attention to.
VI. Satellite Transmission Equipment

The information about satellite transmission equipment needs to be collected is listed below:
Specifications and types of the satellite transmission equipment (VSAT or satellite

MODEM)
Leased according to bandwidth or timeslot
Interfaces supported (Abis, Pb, Gb, A, Asub)
Stability requirement of transmission (BTS and satellite), average failure time and
interruption time per year)
Circuit accuracy of satellite transmission (bit error rate)
VII. HDSL and SDSL Transmission Equipment

With the help of twisted pair and digital modulation, HDSL and SDSL transmission technologies
can be used to transmit 2M signals. The disadvantage is that the transmission may be easily
interrupted, and thus the BTS cannot necessarily run normally. Considering the cost, some
operators will use this transmission mode. When swapping a network, therefore, you should check
the stability of the transmission equipment used in the original network.
VIII. Timeslot Consolidation Equipment

The timeslot consolidation equipment can enhance the utilization rate of E1. That is, several BTSs
can share 1 E1, or they can also use the E1 of the other network. For a swap project, you should
especially check the allocation of the timeslots.
IX. Transmission Compression Equipment

To save transmission cost, some operators will use transmission compression equipment to
compress the data flow transmitted through E1. Therefore, to ensure that Huawei equipment can
work normally after swap, you need to collect the compression theory, performance restriction,
and compatibility of the compression equipment and send the information to the technical support
engineers. Whether the equipment is compatible with Huawei BSS should be confirmed as early
as possible.
X. BTS Concatention and Transmission Concatention

The information about BTS concatenation and transmission concatenation should be collected,
because the information is used to design concatenation data and decide the BTS swap order.
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2.1.7 Power Supply Configuration of the Original Network

Table 1.1 lists the information about the power supply configuration of the original network, and
all the information should be collected.
Table 1.1 Information about the power supply configuration of the original network
Item
Voltage of AC power supply
Frequency of AC power
supply
AC phase
Type of AC socket
Content
Remark
110V, 220V, 110V (double live line)
50HZ, 60HZ
3-phase, single-phase
English system, European system, American
system
If the power supply always breaks, the
battery discharge will frequently occur. In
Mains supply
this case, the life expectancy of the battery

will be shortened and the BTS will be out of
Diesel configuration
Working hours of the diesel
Capacity
of
AC
power
distribution box
Voltage of DC power
Capacity of rectifier
Capacity of battery
Feeding duration of battery
Colour of power cable
Lightning
on
power supply
Lightning requirement
on
transmission
Grounding requirement
Whether to use solar energy
for power supply
UPS configuration
configuration.
In the unit of KW.
+24V.-48V
In the unit of KW
In the unit of Ah
In the unit of hour, depending on battery
requirement
unit of KW.
In the unit of hour, depending on the fuel
Diameter of power cable
service.
The power is twice that of the load, in the
capacity.
Pay attention
requirements,
especially
the
special
grounding
power cables of BSC and BTS equipment.

Often 50KA
Often 5KA
customers
cable.
Pay attention to the diameters of the DC
to
Joint grounding; BTS < 5; exchange room

< 1
Pay attention to the solar radiation, the total
power supply of battery array, and the
capacity of the battery.
Pay attention to the capacity of UPR (in the
unit of KVA).
Types: one-in and one-out; three-in and oneout; three-in and three-out.
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Inverter configuration
Power supply mode
of
outdoor BTS
Pay attention to the rated power
Mains, diesel, and solar energy
2.1.8 Abnormal Network Information and Customer Complaints

I. Network Failures and Alarming Information
The following failures and alarms should be paid special attention to:
A-interface/Abs interface transmission alarm
BTS power supply alarm
No.7 signaling break alarm
II. Customer Complaints

The complaints made by the customers in the latest month should be recorded and categorized;
especially the problems concerning the coverage in hot areas and the problems that are mostly
complained by customers should be checked. Generally, the following aspects deserve your
attention:
The signals received by MS are weak and fluctuate greatly.
The subscriber is not in the service area.
The voice quality is poor. There are noise and one-way audio.
Call drop occurs easily.
The complaints about service failures, such as one-way audio, cross talking, call drop,
incoming call failure, outgoing call failure, are made frequently.
There are complaints about PS service.
2.1.9 Customers Engineering and Maintenance Capability

The following capabilities should be paid attention to, because they are references for the design
of network integration solutions.
Capability to adjust the transmission ports
Capability to adjust the core network data
Capability to adjust BSS network data
Capability to maintain BSS network
Capability to implement projects and maintain organizational structure
2.1.10 Acceptance Information

The acceptance should be performed according to contract. If there are vague descriptions or the
committed indicators are abnormally high in the contract, you need to communicate with the
customer for the confirmation of the acceptance mode and procedures in advance. The agreement
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on acceptance time, place, personnel, standard, cases, documentation, and equipment should be
reached with the customer.
2.2 Analysis and Evaluation of the Original Network

2.2.1 DT Evaluation
I. Principle
The DT deserves special attention, because the DT results can be used to understand the operation
of the network and decide the DT line after the swap of the network. In addition, the DT results of
the original network can work as comparative references for the swap. The roads covered by the
major lobes of the cells should be chosen as DT lines and the DT lines should cover all the cells of
the network. Note that the test should be performed at the busy hours during daytime.
II. Area DT
The area DT aims to obtain the coverage signal level, conversation quality, handover, and call
drop in the swap areas. In addition, the BTS distribution and coverage weakness of the original
network should be obtained through area DT.
III. DT for Main Roads and VIP Areas

The main roads and VIP areas should be specially tested, especially the handovers occurred on
main roads should be tested, because the test results will be the references for coverage
comparison and network optimization after swap.
IV. DT Data Analysis

The DT data should be carefully analyzed. For example, you should verify the longitude and
latitude of the BTS, the direction of antenna, and the cell parameters. In addition, you should also
check if the antenna feeder is inversely connected and if there is cross coverage. Also the reasons
for call drop and abnormal handover should be analyzed.
V. DT for Indoor Distribution System

If the Bess to be swapped are connected to an indoor distribution system, you need to use the
corresponding software that supports indoor test. Generally, you should get the permission for
entrance before the indoor coverage test. It is better to obtain the plan view of the building
beforehand.
All parts of the building, including upper floors, middle floors, and lower floors, should be tested.
Wrap test should be applied to corridor, meeting room, and offices during pace test. Note that the
outer walls of offices and the areas near windows should be tested.
The test items include signal level, conversation quality, cell reselection at the entrance and exit,
and handover.
For details, refer to the related guides about indoor coverage system acceptance.
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A test analysis report is required after the completion of whole test.

In addition, you can also obtain the related references from the technical support engineers.
2.2.2 Network KPI Evaluation

I. Difference of KPI Formulas
The KPI formulas used by Huawei are different from that used by the original network equipment
provider in some aspects. At present, each equipment provider has the ability to design the traffic
statistics and KPI formulas according to customer need, so the statistical points of other providers
Kips may be different from that of Huawei Kips. Therefore, a full understanding of the original
network (especially the KPI formulas and actual indicators) is quite necessary.
Take the replies made by various equipment providers in an operators GSM statistical system for
example; the calculation results of each provider are almost the same. For details, seek help from
the technical support engineers.
You are recommended to measure the paging success rate at MSC side and that measured at the
BSS side should work as a reference only. Before selecting the corresponding Huawei statistical
indicators, you should analyze the actual statistical scope of the Kips of the original network
based on the evaluation of the definition of the statistical points used by the original network
equipment provider. If no corresponding indicator is found, you need to communicate with the
customer for other ones according to the interests of Huawei.
II. Evaluation Principle

The traffic statistics exported by the original network should be used for evaluation. The
evaluation aims to verify if the indicators provided by the customer are real. And the evaluation
results are used as a comparative reference after swap. You can use the customers network
maintenance report. If necessary, you can use related test analyzer for the evaluation.
III. Evaluation of Indicators about Voice, Signaling, and Capacity

The traffic volume, SDCCH congestion rate, TCH congestion rate, paging times during busy
hours, and call setup success rate should be evaluated for the understanding of the traffic
distribution of the network. You should pay special attention to the signaling flow at the edges of
location areas. And the pages made during busy hours also deserve your attention.
IV. Evaluation of Quality Indicators

The quality indicators, including call drop, handover, immediate assignment, interference, RQ,
etc, should be evaluated. You need to find out the Bess that have great effect against the total
network indicators and the areas where the network quality is quite poor.
V. NSS-related Indicators
The indicators related to NSS, including one-time paging success rate, location update success
rate, A-interface signaling load, and inter-MSC module handover success rate should be analyzed,
because these indicators may affect the radio network.
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2.2.3 Other Evaluations

I. CQT for VIP Areas
CQT is the best method to check if the network quality is good or bad. It includes indoor COT and
outdoor CQT. The spots for CQT are co-decided by the customer and Huawei RNO engineers.
According to principle, it is better to choose important organizations, buildings, and prosperous
areas as the test spots. Note that the spots chosen for the test should be consistent and the test
instruments must be the same before and after the swap, otherwise the coverage quality cannot be
effectively compared after the swap.
Table 1.1 lists the main CQT items
Table 1.1 Main CQT items
Item name
Test value
Remark
Seized channel number

Average signal strength
LAC+CI
Call times
Call connected times
Call drop times
Voice break times
Background noise
One-way audio times
Echo times
Cross talking times
You can perform CQT by using MS for spot dialing test. Through analyzing the CQT results, you
can see the network change.
II. GPRS Evaluation

GPRS evaluation includes CQT evaluation, DT evaluation, and traffic statistics evaluation.
GPRS CQT evaluation is used to reflect the network access ability, transmission delay,
transmission rate, and service implementation. The test methods include attach test, WAP browse,
Ping test, FTP test, WWW browse, etc. The test indicators include power, activation time, average
delay, throughput, rate, etc.
GPRS DT evaluation is similar to GPRS CQT evaluation. Besides the indicators tested according
to GPRS CQT, the GPRS DT test indicators include location update, cell reselection, coverage,
call drop, etc.
The traffic statistical indicators include performance indicators and maintenance indicators.
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For the related references, seek help from technical support engineers.
III. External Interference Test

The external interference sources include TV station, big-power station, micro wave, radar, high
voltage cable, analog BTS, CDMA network, meeting secrecy equipment, interference unit of gas
station, etc. The interference from some sources is present at certain time. Generally, you can find
out the interference through connecting the spectrum analyzer to the antenna.
The Omni-directional antenna is beneficial for interference measurement. If you intend to locate
the interference, you should use directional antenna. The commonly used directional antennas
include plane antenna, 8-shaped antenna, and digital periodical antenna.
The commonly used spectrum analyzers include HP85XX series and YBT250. The low-noise
amplifier can be used to enhance the receiving sensibility of the test analyzer. For YBT250, the
low-noise amplifier is installed in it.
If the customer requires external inference test, you can refer to the related guides about
interference problem handling.
IV. CW Test
To obtain the radio propagation model fitting the local environment, enhance the accuracy of
coverage prediction, and make a good preparation for network planning, some customers require
the propagation model to be adjusted. CW test stands for continuous wave test and is an important
step for propagation model adjustment. The brief steps of CW test are as follows:
1)
Select a suitable site to establish the test platform.
2)
Install signal source and antenna.
3)
Perform DT using the corresponding software.
4)
Process and analyze the DT data through corresponding software
For details, see the related guides about continuous wave test.
V. Simulation
Some customers require coverage and quality simulation before and after the swap of the network
and have certain requirements on DT data and simulation results. Generally, they require the
schematic drawings of the coverage and C/I. Simulation software and 3-D digital maps are needed
for simulation. And the adjusted propagation model is recommended. If the propagation has not
been adjusted, you can use the ones provided by the customer. At present, Huawei uses ASSET
and U-NET for simulation.
VI. MOS Test

At present, the QoS of voice quality is evaluated subjectively, and the MOS (mean opinion score)
is the most widely used. However, many objective measures have been used, and the basic ideas
are similar. That is, different measurement technologies are used to simulate peoples auditory and
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the equivalent MOS value is provided accordingly. Currently, the PESQ is a mature standard.
Figure 1.1 shows the process.
Figure 1.1 Processing performed in PESQ

As far as the PESQ is concerned, first the input signals and the signals that have been processed
by the system are sent to the test instrument or related software for further processing, and the test
instrument or the software will give the MOS classes.
The value of PESQ ranges from -0.5 to 4.5. The greater the value is, the better the quality is.
Generally, the value ranges from 1 to 4.5. For the matching relationship between the MOS score
and voice quality, see Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Matching relationship between MOS score and voice quality
MOS score
Voice quality
Excellent
Good
Fair
Poor
Bad
At present, many test instruments support MOS test. In many cities, the MOS test is a must now.
Therefore, you should check the contract carefully to see if the MOS test is required and if the test
instrument supports Huawei product.
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2.2.4 Confirmation of the Acceptance Indicators after Network Swap

I. Coverage Comparison
If the customer requires coverage comparison test in the contract, you should pay attention to the
following points:
Understanding the customers real intention.
Understanding the test environment and the coverage of the original network.
Designing the solutions to the interest of Huawei.
Protecting malicious interference.
For details, see the related operation guides about GSM BTS coverage.
II. Statement of Compliance

You should check the RNP&RNO parts for which Huawei is responsible. If there is any vague
point, communicate with the customer for clarification.
III. KPI Formulas and Other Test Methods

You should communicate with the customer for the confirmation of each KPI and traffic statistical
point. In addition, the test methods, such as DT, CQT, and the related test instruments must also be
confirmed. Note that you should better guide the customer to use the methods and instruments
recommended by Huawei.
IV. KPI Commitment Evaluation and Guidance

You should evaluate the network after swap reasonably according to the information of the
original network. If you find that the customers requirements on some indicators cannot be met,
you should send the information to the project teams and the staff concerned as early as possible.
In this case, all the departments or engineers concerned should take measures to make sure the
pass of the acceptance test.
Chapter 3 Project Survey, Equipment Installation and

Test
This chapter describes the project survey and design, equipment installation and test. The
engineering duration for this part is the longest and this part is quite important for the success of
the network integration.
3.1 Survey and Design

This section describes the survey of equipment room.
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3.1.1 Survey of BSC/PCU Room

You can survey the BSC/PCU room according to the related survey guide. The key points are
listed in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Key points for BSC/PCU room survey
Item
Sub-item
Result
Remark
The distance between the face of one cabinet and
the face of the opposite cabinet must be equal to or
Installation
position
larger than 1.5m. The distance between the sides

of
cabinet
of the cabinet and the wall must be equal to or

greater than 0.8m. The distance between the
commissioning side and the wall must be equal to
or greater than 1m.
The load-bearing capability of the equipment
room must be greater than 50kg/m2.
The weight of the PCU is 183kg.
Conditions
Load-bearing
The weight of a BSC with full configuration is
capability
280kg.
of equipment
The weight of the front door and back door is
room
45kg.
Temperature and
humidity
The weight of the two side doors is 42kg.

The suitable temperature ranges from 15 to
30. The relative humidity ranges from 40% to
75%.
The net height of the equipment room is the
distance between the installation plane and the
girder or the ventilation pipe. Generally, the net
Net height
height should be greater than 3m. When

downward cable is used, the net height cannot be
smaller than 2.7m.
The equipment room should be 2m or more in
Size
Power
Capacity of the
height and 1m or more in width.

Generally, power suppliers with high-frequency
supply
rectifier
switch are required and they should be N+1

backup. Each module of the power supplier must
be installed with current equalization output
device.
The total power consumption of a single PCU
must be smaller than 1200W.
The maximum power consumption of a fullconfiguration BM is 350W.
The maximum power consumption of a full-
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configuration AM/CM is 500W.
DC
power
distribution box
You should check if the installation position is

suitable and if the wiring terminal configured by
Huawei is normally configured.
Does the battery capacity meet the design
Battery capacity
Colour of power
cable
requirement?
Does the customer have special requirement?
Some customers require that the grounding cable
should be red.
At present, three specifications are available in
Diameter
of
power cable
Huawei. They are 240, 120, and 95 mm^2. You

should check if the diameter of the power cable
Layout of power
cable
meets the requirement.

If the power cable delivered can be installed on
the cable rack normally? And if the cable rack is
fixedly stand?
Impedance
of
trunk
Types
of
75; 120.
connectors used
Transmission
for
the
(75)
trunks
at
the
DDF side
Diameter
of
Generally, it is 0.4MM. If the customer has special
trunks (120) at
requirement, the specification of 0.5MM can also
the DDF side
be used.
The BSC supports external alarm, but the PCU
External alarm
Lightning
protection
Outdoor
cable
lightning
for
hardware
installation;
Clock extraction
Clock
modes
cable or power supply cable. If yes, check if the

protection
measures
meet
the
requirement.
Responsibility
matrix
does not support external alarm.

You should check if there is outdoor transmission
lightning
protection.
Others
BNC, SMB, L9
(BITS,
You need to confirm the responsibility matrix of

the installation of transmission equipment and
power supplier.
See related cases.
MCS, or others)
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3.1.2 BTS Survey

Table 1.1 lists the key points for BTS survey
Table 1.1 Key points for BTS survey
Item
Sub-item
Result
Remark
If there is special procedures for entry;
If there is restrictions for night entry;
Location of the
equipment room
If special tools such as the ladder are needed for

entry;
If the transportation of the equipment is convenient;
If installation conditions are needed for advanced
installation.
The load-bearing capability of the equipment room
should be greater than 400kg/m2. Since battery free of
maintenance should be installed in the equipment
and if the specification of the battery is 500Ah or
Load-bearing
lower, the load-bearing capability of the equipment
capability
room must be greater than 450kg/m2. If the

specification of the battery is 800Ah or higher, the
load-bearing
capability must
be
greater
than
600kg/m2.
Conditions
of equipment
room
Communication
method used at
the
equipment
room
You should check if the equipment room can receive

the signals from other networks and if there is
available fixed phone.
You should check if the environment of the
equipment room can support long-time operation of
Temperature and
humidity
the equipment and if the air conditioner installed for

the equipment room can work normally. Generally, if
temperature in the equipment room can ranges from
15 to 30, and the relative humidity can ranges
from 40% to 65%.
The net height of the equipment room should be
Net height
equal to or greater than 2.7m.
Size of the door

of the equipment
room
Installation
Power
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width.
For the convenience of maintenance, you should
position
Installation
conditions
It should be 2m or more in height and 1m or more in
leave a distance between the BTS and the wall.

The load-bearing capability, transmission condition,
of
installation position of the mount set, and grounding
outdoor BTS
AC
power
system should meet requirement.

Does the capacity of the AC power distribution box
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distribution box
meet the requirement of Huawei BTS?

Generally, power suppliers with high-frequency
switch are required and they should be N+1
backup. Each module of the power supplier must be
installed with current equalization output device. If
the power supply voltage is -48V and +24V, the
Capacity of the
charge current of the battery should be additionally
rectifier
considered (according to 12 TRXs, 2800W). If the

power supply voltage is 220V, you need to check if
the DC power supply cable is installed at the proper
position and the wiring terminal is normally installed
(according to 12 TRXs, 3200W, including the charge
supply
DC
power
distribution box
current of the battery).

You should check if the installation position is
suitable and if the wiring terminal configured by
Huawei is normally configured.
Does the battery capacity meet
Battery capacity
Colour of power
cable
the
design
requirement?
Does the customer have special requirement?
Some customers require that the grounding cable
should be red.
If the power supply equipment cannot be reused, you
Power supply of
should check if the power supply cable of the
transmission
transmission equipment of the original network is
equipment
long enough to be connected to Huawei equipment

and if the diameter of the cable is suitable?
Transmission
Impedance
of
trunk
Types
of
75; 120.
connectors used
for
the
(75)
trunks
at
BNC, SMB, L9
the
DDF side
Diameter
of
Generally, it is 0.4MM. If the customer has special
trunks (120) at
requirement, the specification of 0.5MM can also be
the DDF side

Timeslots
used.
allocated for E1
at
the
Abis
interface
Transmission
Monitor the equipment timeslot occupancy, the

timeslots of the related integration equipment, and
timeslots used for G/C transmission.
Check if the label or the mark is correct.
line and the label

for
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transmission port
Transmission
concatenation
It will affect the swap order.
relationship
Check if there is outdoor lightning protection cable
Outdoor
for the transmission line and power cable. If yes,
lightning
check if the lightning protection measures meet the
protection cable
Lightning
protection
requirement.
Check if the grounding cable is present, if there is
Grounding
adequate room for the grounding bar, and if the
system
grounding terminal can be normally connected.

Check the installation position, frequency band,
and
grounding
system
Antenna
feeder
lightning
affecting the swap progress, so the survey engineers

should check them carefully in advance.
Check if the grounding point can be connected to the
Feeder
grounding rule
feeder
related equipment, and the standing wave ratio. The

problems concerning connectors are main factors
protector
Antenna
types of the connectors used for the antenna and
feeder grounding clip.

The distance of the 900M antennas should be equal
Diversity
distance between
antennas
to or greater than 4m, and the distance between the

1800M antennas should be equal to or greater than
2m.
Project
Antenna azimuth and tilt angel.
parameters
Check if the connection of the feeder and antenna is

correct. Use test MS to check if the cell configuration
Feeder layout
is correct and if the feeder label is correct and

complete.
Check the installation position, working band, power
Tower amplifier
supply mode, and alarming mode of the tower
Feeder
window
amplifier.
If other antennas need to be added, you should check
thru-wall
if there is adequate room available in the feeder
and
window.
If an antenna is shared by other equipment, you need
of
to check if the filter and combiner meet the
common antenna
Feeder connector
requirement?
If the antenna feeder of the network to be swapped
in the equipment
can be reused, you need to know the specifications
room
and quality of other equipment providers antenna
and
plane
Filter
combiner
feeders and check if they can match Huawei

equipment.
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BTS
type
combiner
and
You should confirm the TRX type of the BTSs to be
and
swapped and the types of the combiner and divider,
divider
because they are used to calculate the set-top power.

BTS supports 24-channel extension alarm, and the
Outdoor
environment
extension alarm
alarm
box
supports
10-channel
extension alarm.
Engineering
Others
responsibility
matrix
Confirm the engineering responsibility of the

of
hardware
installation of the transmission and power supply

equipment.
installation
Note:
If you find out that the environment of the equipment room or the installation of the antenna is not
in accordance with Huawei rule, you should discuss with the customer and design adjustment
measures, otherwise the operation of the network or the network indicators will be affected after
the integration of the network. If the customer rejects the adjustment measures, you should ask the
customer to sign a memo. In addition, if you find out that some connectors do not match Huawei
equipment; you should design the corresponding solutions immediately.
3.1.3 M2000 Survey

I. Equivalent Network Element
You should calculate the number of the equivalent network elements according to the
configuration of the equipment so as to ensure adequate management capability for M2000.
Table 1.1 provides the calculation of the network element number.
Table 1.1 Network element number calculation
Network type
Number of network
elements
Remark
If the actual number of the cells is
known, you should perform the
calculation according to the actual
BSC+BTS
60 cells are equivalent to
number;
1 network element.
calculation
otherwise
based
perform
on
the
cells
regardless of on BTS or NodeB or

regardless
of
the
network
type
(W/C/G).
iMSC
tMSC
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rMSC
MSC
PCU
HLR
GT800 BSC+BTS
1
1
1
0.1
60 cells are equivalent to
1 network element.
Table 1.2 provides the matching relationship of the network element number and the server
configuration
Table 1.2 Matching relationship of network element number and server configuration
Management capability
Server configuration
Equipment type
(equivalent
network
Remark
element)
Mid-range-and-low-end
configuration
High-end configuration
Super configuration
Sun Blade 2000
? ?
Sun Netra 20
15
Sun Netra 240
15
Sun Fire V880(4CPU)
30
Sun Fire V880(8CPU)

Sun Fire V890(2CPU)
60
25
Sun Fire V890(4CPU)
50
Sun Fire V890(8CPU)

Sun Fire 4800(4CPU)
90
40
Sun Fire 4800(8CPU)
? ?
Sun Fire E4900(4CPU)
55
Sun Fire E4900(8CPU)
120
II. About M2000

You should know the networking mode, bandwidth, and installation position of M2000 and if
there is the network management system of the third party.
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Networking mode:
The communication between M2000 and each network element is based on TCP/IP. At the
physical layer, partial E1/T1, whole E1/T1, or DDN/X.25 can be used.
M2000 supports LAN and WAN. The networking planning depends on the geographic location of
the network elements and customer needs. If all the network elements locate in the same network
segment, LAN is often used; otherwise WAN is used.
3.1.4 Project Design

Hereunder lists the tasks need to be completed during project design:
Checking the information of the original network equipment

The information include the specification of antenna and feeder, performance indicator,
connector specification, quantity of the transmission links used in the original network, mode
and transmission line, connector specification of the DDF rack.
Surveying and checking the installation environment of the Huawei equipment and
confirming the jumper length, trunk length, grounding system, feeder, and jumper connector
information.
Confirming the environment of the equipment room of the original network and collecting
the available resources.
Confirming the installation position of the Huawei BTS and attached equipment and
confirming the configuration solutions used for transmission and power supply.
Completing the engineering drawing related to the equipment installation and integration.
Considering the anti-theft equipment or the anti-vibration equipment because some

customers have special requirement in these aspects.
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3.2 Hardware Installation

This section describes hardware installation. For general cases, refer to the related manuals and
pay attention to special cases. You should perform the installation following the design strictly and
make self-check after the hardware installation. In addition, you should also make self-check after
software commissioning.
3.2.1 Goods Preparation

The on-time delivery of the correct goods is the key to the success of a swap project, so you
should pay attention to the followings:
The way of delivery, the time and way of customs clearance.
If the goods are consistent with contract configuration.
The storage of the goods.
At the engineering field, you should pay attention to the followings:
For the convenience of engineering and collocation, it is better to store the goods in a vast
land.
The storage of the goods must be in accordance with the customers rules.
You need to communicate with the customer on how to handle the goods in advance.
The package cannot be opened during the handling of the goods and the goods should be
carried and placed lightly.
For the convenience of acceptance and cleanup, the goods should be placed according to
certain principles.
The goods should be categorized according to service.
Pay attention to the storage of small components, such as cable, software, and screw,
especially the small and light expensive goods.
On the arrival of the goods, pay attention to how to allocate the goods to the installation site.
A record is needed before the allocation and the signature of the related project team is
required.
If the goods are provided by agents, you need to communicate with the customer fully to
ensure on-time delivery and security shipment.
3.2.2 BSC Installation

I. Constructing a New BSC
For hardware installation, you need to pay attention to the installation of the trunk, optical fiber,
grounding cable, alarming cable, BAM, and loading cable. If there is CDB, you need to check the
connection of CDB and MEM. After the completion of the installation, you need to check the
followings:
If the self-loop checked has been performed for relay transmission?

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If the labels are clear? If the optical fiber is bounded according to requirement?
If the there is no cross-connected lines and band connection?
If the self-check has been made according to hardware standard?
If the power-on test has been made?
For software installation, the correct version and license should be used.
II. Expanding the Capacity of an Existing BSC Through Adding BM

For hardware, you need to check if there are cross-connected lines at the A-interface and Abis
interface and if newly-added BM and AM are correctly connected, especially you need to check
the connection of optical fiber.
For software, you need to check if the upgrade and reapplication of License are necessary.
III. Expanding the Capacity of an Existing BSC Through Adding BIE Board Only
For hardware, you need to pay attention to the operation rule, DDF connection, and transmission
test.
For software, you need to pay attention to the version and license.
IV. Expanding the Capacity of an Existing BSC Through Adding BTS Only
There is no special requirement on hardware.
For software, you need to pay attention to the version and license.
3.2.3 Huawei PCU Installation

For PCU installation, you should pay attention to the connection of the power supply cable,
trunks, and network cable. In addition, you should also check if the labels are correctly pasted and
if the power-on test is performed according to requirement.
3.2.4 BTS Installation

BTS installation and test contribute greatly to the success of a swap project. During BTS
installation and test, the workload is heavy and a great number of abnormal conditions may occur.
Hereunder describes the main scenarios about BTS installation and test.
I. Antennas and Feeders

You should construct a new site following general procedures and this task should be finished in
advance. In addition, the standing wave test should also be finished in advance. After that, you
need to test if the antennas and feeders are well connected.
If the antennas and feeders of the original network can be reused, you should make sure that
they can be connected to Huawei equipment normally and that the standing wave ratio will
not change greatly after the swap.
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If part of the original equipment can be reused while some new equipment should be added
to the network, you should install the new equipment in advance and make sure that the
original equipment and the new equipment can be normally connected.
If the antennas and feeders of other BTSs are used for this BTS, you need to check if the
combiner, filter, and other related specifications meet the requirement.
II. BTS Installation Room

Scenario 1:
If there is adequate room left in the equipment room and the customer agrees that the new cabinet
cannot be installed in another position, you can install the new cabinet in the due position and
prepare the related power supply cable, trunks, antennas, feeders, and jumpers in advance. At the
night for integration or pre-integration, you need to disable the original BTS and enable the new
BTS. Note the original BTS should still be reserved at this time in case of integration failure.
Scenario 2:
If there is inadequate room for BTS installation and the new cabinet should be installed at the
position where the original BTS located, you must replace the original BTS with the new one at
the night for integration. In this case, you can place the new BTS to the equipment room first, and
then prepare the related power supply cable, trunks, antennas, feeders, and jumpers in advance. If
the installation of the new BTS cannot be finished on the integration night for the time being, you
can integrate the new BTS into the network first, and then choose another suitable night to finish
the whole installation.
Scenario 3:
If there is some room left in the equipment room for BTS in stallion, you can install the new
cabinet in advance. If the capacity of the network needs to be expanded, you can install other parts
after removing the rest original cabinet from the equipment room. In this case, you can place the
new BTS to the equipment room first, and then prepare the related power supply cable, trunks,
antennas, feeders, and jumpers in advance. If the installation of the new BTS cannot be finished
on the integration night for the time being, you can integrate the new BTS into the network first,
and then choose another suitable night to finish the whole installation.
Scenario 4:
If there is inadequate room left for the BTS installation, you can finish the whole installation later.
If the new BTS is not so important, you can use the surrounding BTSs for the coverage
temporarily. At the night for integration, you should ensure the network quality through adjusting
the surrounding BTSs in advance, and then break the services provided by the original BTS.
III. BTS Transmission

If the transmission resources are adequate, you can finish the whole integration in advance. In this
case, the tasks involved are simple and you can debug the BTS. If the power-on test is not
available, you can perform self-loop test so as to ensure smooth transmission.
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If the transmission resources are inadequate, you should debug the transmission when integrating
the network. If a great number of BTSs need to be integrated, the transmission resources are the
key to the success of the swap. In this case, you need to perform off-line test to check if the BTSs
work normally.
IV. BTS Power Supplier

If the capacity of the power supplier needs to be expanded, you need to communicate with the
customer to solve this problem before integration. If the customer cannot provide enough capacity,
you can enable only part of the TRXs.
If there is no room left for the installation of the power supplier, you can also communicate with
the customer for solution.
If there is enough room for the installation of the power supplier, you can install it in advance.
3.2.5 M2000 Installation

It is simple to install the M2000. If the number of network elements is great, you need to replace
the M2000 server and change the IP address accordingly.
3.2.6 Removing the Equipment of the Original Network

Huawei engineers are responsible for removing the equipment of the original network according
to the contract. Generally, you should remove the equipment of the original network after Huawei
equipment works normally in the new network. Here you should pay attention to the following
two points:
You can use packaging material of Huawei equipment to package the removed material.
The removed equipment should be soundly transported to the destination on time.
3.3 GBSS Test

GBSS test must be made before network integration. And this section introduces the GBSS test
points.
3.3.1 BSC Test Points

Hereunder lists the BSC test points:
There are many BSC signaling points, so new signaling points should be used for swap.
If the MSC to be swapped is provided by other operator, you need to perform IOT
compatibility test with the help of Huawei technical support engineers.
Since it is the BSC that need to be tested, you are suggested to perform the test according to
the related acceptance manuals provided by Huawei. The customers special requirement
cannot go beyond the contract.
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If there is cross-BSC handover or cross-MSC handover after Huawei BSC has been
integrated into the network, you need to make handover test.

BSC has great effect against clock, so you need to evaluate the clock in advance. If the
transmission is not good or the MSC clock is not stable, you need to make clock test.
If there is no signaling transmitted at the Abis interface, you should install a temporary BTS
or micro-cell BTS at the suitable place for signaling test.

For G9, A-interface is related to UMG8900 and MSC Server. The UMG8900 is responsible for the
access and exchange of data service and the processing of traffic flow format. In addition,
signaling gateway can be embedded into the UMG8900, so calling messages can be sent to
UMG8900 for adaptation before sent to MSC Server for processing.
3.3.2 CDB/CBC Test

I. Testing Connection between CDB and GMEM
Debugging the connection between GMEM board and host
Testing the connection between GMEM board and CDB server
Testing CDB server
II. Testing Connection between CDB and CBC
Testing the connection between CDB and CBC
Inputting test messages at the maintenance and test console
Monitoring the messages sent across the Abis interface at the BSC maintenance console
III. Testing Short Message Display (MS)

When the BTS works normally, you should use the test MS or the MS supporting cell broadcast to
perform the acceptance test. At this time, if you enable the cell broadcast reception functions and
set received channel number to the ID of the test message, you can see the test message through
MS.
If the MS cannot receive the cell broadcast message, you should first check if the cell broadcast
reception switched is enabled and if the corresponding channel number is set, and then you should
check if the connection between CDB and GMEM is normal. Finally, monitor the messages and
locate the problem at the BTS maintenance console.
By now you have finished debugging the whole CDB cell broadcast database.
IV. Precautions about CDB&CBC Test

Hereunder lists the precautions about CDB&CBC test:
You should use the interface monitoring function provided by the OMC to monitor the Abis
signaling and check if the CB messages from BSC to BTS are normal.
If the CDB and CBC cannot be interconnected, you need to check the phase mark carried in
the cdbcfg.ini of the CDB configuration file.
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When performing message display test, you need to pay attention to the language used in
that area, because some special characters cannot be displayed through MS.
Since the CDB interface and CBC interface are not standard interfaces according to
protocols, you must test the interconnection between CDB and CBC.
3.3.3 PCU Test

Hereunder lists the precautions about PCU test:
Network configuration test

To perform network configuration test, you need to log in to the system through Telenet.
Hardware data configuration check

You should input the command slot show all. If the configuration is normal, the system
will display that the status of each slot is normal.
E1 configuration check
Input the command pcu check e1config to check the E1 configuration.
PCIC status check

You should input the command mt pcic show available all. If the results show that the
number of available PCIC is consistent with that of E1 slot, the E1 slot is successfully
configured.
LAPD link status check

You should input the command mt lapd show state {<BoardNo> all} | <LapdNo> |
<LapdName>. If the management status is unlocked and the operation status is
available, the status of the LAPD link is normal.
Cell configuration check (Gb interface)

You should input the command pcu check cellconfig all and the result is that the
configuration is intact.
PDCH status check

Input the command mt pdch show state {<Leno>|<LCName>} {<PdchNo>|all} to check if
the status of PDCH is normal.
MS attach test
Once the MS is powered up, it will search the GPRS network automatically and initiate the
attach procedure, so you should test if the MS has been attached to the network successfully.
PDP activation test

PDP can be activated through the MS directly. Also you can activate the PDP through
connecting the MS to portable equipment.
POMU changeover test

The POMU changeover functions are related to multiple equipments, including LanSwitch,
HSC board, network cable, etc. Therefore, you need to test the changeover function of
POMU to check if the connection between the equipments is normal.
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3.3.4 BTS Test

I. Off-line Test
If the transmission is not available, you can use local maintenance console to perform off-line test
for the BTS.
Hereunder lists the test items:
TMU and TRX board check
TMU and TRX must be self checked after powered on. If the TMU self check fails, the ALM
indicator will flash.
Software version check (TMU and TRX)
You should check if the software versions of the TMU and TRX are consistent with the
applied ones. If the software versions are inconsistent, you need to upgrade the software to
the corresponding version.
Local software loading and activation
You need to check if the software is normally loaded and activated.

EAC status check
You should check if the communication between EAC and BTS is normal.
Environment alarming check
You should check if the environment alarm probe works normally and if the alarming
information can be reported to the BTS.
TRX power test
You should test the TRX power at each output port (the TRX board should be preheated for
at least 30 minutes). If there test value is abnormal, you need to replace the TRX board with
another one. (Generally, the normal test value ranges from 46.98 dBm to 49.08 dBm.
II. On-line Test and Coverage Evaluation

To ensure the reliability of Huawei equipment before the implementation of the swap, you need to
perform on-line test for Huawei BTSs. In addition, you also need to test and evaluate the set-top
power of various typically-configured Huawei BTSs, because the information is necessary for
customer communication.
Generally, you can make the test and evaluation according to following steps:
1)
Test and evaluate the set-top power of the typically-configured BTSs and record the results.
After that, disconnect the antennas and feeders of the original BTSs and test the indicators
(such as the standing wave ratio) of the antenna feeder system to see if the they meet the
requirement of Huawei BTS. If yes, the antennas and feeders of the original network can be
integrated into the Huawei BTS; otherwise you should make corresponding measures
according based on the customers permission.
2)
Integrate the trunks of the original network into the Huawei BTS temporarily.
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3)
After the BTS finishes loading the data automatically, you should use frequency locking
function of the MS to make dialing test. Note that each channel number and timeslot should
be tested. In addition, you should also perform DT to test the coverage and handover.
4)
After the test, you should recover the equipment to the original state, and then evaluate the
coverage of the original network. This operation can be made before the on-line test.
5)
Compare the set-top power and the coverage of the new network with that of the original
network and take anti-risk measures according to actual conditions.
Note:
You should report the coverage results to the customer in time to make the customer feels
confident in Huawei equipment. In this case, Huawei is more likely to win the customers support.
3.3.5 M2000 Test

If WAN is used for M2000 networking, the LANs can be connected to each other in various ways,
including partial E1/T1 networking, whole E1/T1 networking, and DDN/X.25 networking.
Hereunder introduces the debugging procedures of partial E1/T1 networking.
I. Partial E1/T1 Networking

When partial E1/T1 networking mode is used, the Mercury3600, routers, Ethernet switch, and
other network elements should be configured in the network, as shown in Figure 1.1. If necessary,
you can add set a firewall between the M2000 Server and the network element or the client end.
Figure 1.1 Partial E1/T1 networking mode
II. Network Debugging (Partial E1/T1 networking mode)

The following table lists the steps.
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Step
Operation
Reference
Connect the M2000 Server, client end, and each

1
network element to the Ethernet switch through

network cable.
Configure the Ethernet switch.
Configure routers for network elements.
Configure routers for M2000 Server.
Configure Mercury3600.
Configure firewall if necessary.
3.3.6 Equipment Function Acceptance

The acceptance should be performed according to contract. If the acceptance items provided in the
contract are vague, on-site engineers should communicate with the customer on project
installation, test mode, acceptance mode, and acceptance procedure. In addition, on-site engineers
should also reach agreement with the customer on acceptance time, place, personnel, standard,
cases, documents, and equipment. Especially for BTS acceptance, you should make clear if the
acceptance should be performed one by one or by batch and if the acceptance should be
performed before or after the integration of the network. Furthermore, you need to know the
customers special requirement on project engineering. If the customer requires the equipment
provider to design the test and acceptance solutions, you should communicate with the customer
before the final solutions are made and get the customers written confirmation. In principle, the
network cannot be put into operation before acceptance.
Chapter 4 Network Swap Planning and Network

Parameters
4.1 Network Swap Planning
4.1.1 Whole Network Planning
I. Coverage Planning
It is important to ensure that the coverage capability of the new network is equal to or better than
that of the original network. This is the general swap principle. For details, see the related
coverage planning guides. Hereunder lists the precautions about the swap planning:
To prevent the network coverage from being heavily affected by the swap, you need to check
the antennas and feeders of the original network if they can be reused. If there is any
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problem, you should sign a memo with the customer and provide corresponding adjustment
measures.
If new antenna and feeder will be used to replace the old ones, the azimuth and tilt angle of
the new antenna and feeder should be consistent with that of the old one. If the customer
requires you to adjust the azimuth and tilt angle of the antenna to meet special coverage
requirement, you should sign a memo with the customer. In this case, you should integrate
the change of antenna gain and feeder loss into consideration.
To obtain the set-top power used for the swap, you need to analyze the TRX power,
combination mode and loss of the sites of the original network. In addition, you should also
decide the configuration solution according to the TRX power and combiner type of Huawei.
If the set-top power of the original equipment is greater than that of the Huawei equipment,
you should guide the customer to accept the solutions provided by Huawei. Generally, you
can use the 60W/TRX or PBU. Note that you should output a configuration table for each
site.
Hereunder lists several principles for site configuration:
Try best to use the common configuration solution of Huawei or the 60W/TRX to meet the
coverage requirement after swap.
If the set-top power of the new network is lower than that of the original network under
common configuration, you can use PBU if no cabinet should be added.
If PBU cannot be added to all the TRXs, you are suggested to use both the PBU and IUO
strategy.
If PBU cannot be added to the original cabinet, you can add PBU and use multi-antenna
configuration.
If the set-top power of some TRXs is still lower than that of the original network when
multi-antenna configuration is used, you are suggested to apply PBU configuration to all the
TRXs.
If multi-antenna configuration is not supported, you can apply PBU configuration to the
newly-added cabinet.
If both PBU configuration and multi-antenna configuration are not supported, you are
suggested to add new sites to the network and enable cell splitting strategy.
However, you need to pay attention to the following three points:
If some sites need to be expanded or their combination modes have changed after swap, you
should swap the sites according to the original configuration and then expand the capacity.
For the swap of the sites with large configuration, you can seek help from the technical
support engineers of Huawei and they will provide you with the corresponding operation
guide.
If the tower amplifier was used for the original site, it should also be used for the new site,
but you should check the power supply mode and working current.
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After the completion of coverage planning, you should input the planning information into the
total project parameter table.
II. Capacity Planning

You should swap the network according to its original configuration and the capacity expansion
should be performed after the swap. For details, you can refer to the related guides about capacity
planning.
For signaling channels, you should plan the configuration solution through analyzing the
configuration of the signaling channels (CCCH and SDCCH) used in the original network and
analyzing the characteristics of Huawei equipment. At the intersections between location areas,
you can add SDCCH and enable the SDCCH dynamic allocation function of Huawei equipment.
For details, you can refer to the related guides about SDCCH capacity planning.
You should also follow the configuration of the original network to swap the PDCH. If the
customer requires Huawei to provide GPRS/EDGE services after the swap, you can plan the
capacity according to the related guides about GPRS/EDGE network planning. Note that PBCCH
and PCCCH should not be configured in the original network.
III. Frequency Planning

To ensure the smooth network transition, you are suggested to follow the original frequency
planning for the swap; otherwise the conversation quality may become worse after the swap.
If you find that there is serious problem or the frequency planning of the original network will
affect network quality, you can re-plan the frequencies for the total network or for some areas.
Note that the frequencies at the intersections between networks should be properly designed.
For details, see the related guides about frequency planning.
IV. LAC and CI Planning

You should negotiate with the operator concerned to decide the LAC and CI planning. During the
swap, you are suggested to provide new blocks for LAC and CI. The LAC edge of the original
network can be used for the new LAC, but the CI must be re-planned. In this case, you can design
the MSC data and BSC data in advance to ensure the security of the data. If problems are present
at the LAC edge, you can adjust LAC edge from the perspective of total network after the network
has been swapped. If the LAC and CI of the original network are stilled used after the swap, you
need to change lot of MSC data and BSC data on the swap night.
For BSIC planning, the BSICs of the same-frequency BCCHs must be different. When swapping
a project, you are suggested to shift the NCC and follow the BCC of the original network. In this
case, you can configure the adjacent cell relationship in advance; otherwise you must modify the
data on the swap night.
For details, see the related guides about location area capacity planning.
When changing LAC, you should take the charging equipment and MSC routing into
consideration.
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V. Radio Parameter Planning

To ensure smooth network transition, you should take the radio parameters of the original network
into consideration. After the completion of the swap, you should optimize these parameters. Some
equipment parameters can be the defaulted ones according to Huawei. If only some of the
parameters can be collected, you should refer to the related parameter planning guides. When
planning radio parameters, you should pay attention to the periodical location update time, uplink
and downlink DTX, radio link expiry, SACCH multi-frame number, ECSC, multi-band report,
minimum access level of RACH, minimum Rxlev of MS, direct retry, CRO, CRH, etc.
VI. Huawei Functional Parameter Planning

Huawei has developed many excellent functional algorithms for its GBSS system, including
handover algorithm and parameter, channel allocation algorithm and parameter, IUO parameter,
etc. To ensure that the network can work normally after swap, you should use the proper handover
algorithms (PBGT handover, emergent handover, edge handover, load handover, or IUO
handover) and plan the related parameters properly. Generally, the PBGT handover algorithm,
load handover algorithm, and IUO handover algorithm, and emergency handover algorithm
(including TA emergency handover algorithm, BQ emergency handover algorithm, and
interference emergency handover algorithm) are needed in a network. In some urban areas where
the traffic volume is heavy, load handover algorithm should be used. For power control, the HW II
power control algorithm is used. For channel allocation algorithm, HW II Channel Allocation
algorithm is used.
VII. Special Scenarios

You should pay attention to the coverage planning in some special scenarios, such as indoor
environment, tunnels, railways, subways, etc. For example, you can use indoor distribution
antenna system to provide the coverage for indoor environment and use big-power TRX and highgain antenna to provide the coverage for vast area. Pay attention to use repeaters. If the repeaters
to be used are frequency selection repeaters and if the channel number of the donor antenna needs
to be changed after the swap, you should notify the customer to change the repeater data. For
details, you can refer to related planning guides or seek help from technical support engineers.
4.1.2 Network Swap Planning Data Design

Before designing the data, you should use the parameter conversion tool made by Huawei to
convert the parameters of original operator into Huawei parameters.
I. Designing Network Swap Planning Data

The following table lists the data design methods, precautions, advantages, disadvantages, and
suggestions.
Data
Design
Types
Frequency
Methods
Take
the
data used in
Remarks and precautions
Advantages
1. Design the frequency
1.
The
problems
planning data for each
concerning
the
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Disadvantages
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Suggestions
1. If the frequencies
1. You can
in
inherit
the
original
the
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the original
Huawei site according to
frequencies at edges do
network are poorly
frequency
network for
the
not exist.
planned, the network
planning data
reference
original network.
2. The understanding of
will not be apparently
used in the
2. If frequency hopping is
project parameters will
improved and the old
original
used, pay attention to the
be more complete and
problems
network.
allocation
thorough.
present.
hopping mode, MA, HSN,
3. The frequency will be
2.
and MAIO.
more rational.
expansion,
data
used
of
in
the
frequency
are
2.
Network
TRX
construction,
BTS
Re-plan the
Prepare
new
frequency
data
planning before swap.
1.
still
and
construction
swap.
1.
The
irrational,
quality may become
frequency planning in
worse because of the
the original network can
change
be corrected.
frequency
expansion,
TRX
network
of
the
planning
data
construction
prevent
frequency
plan
the
frequencies
for the total
network.
performed during the
interference
occurring at edges.
1. You need to re-
Inherit
LAC but re-
When using the LAC of
swap.
1. The
CI
the original network, you
small at the swap night.
apply
Inherit the
need to consider if the
2. The location areas are
number
original
capacity of the location
clear and there is no
otherwise you cannot
area is large enough.
mixed LAC.
prepare the MSC data
but
you can re-
to
LAC and
LAC
are
2. You need to make

transition
be
the
methods.
construction, and BTS

can
in
network
the
network
methods used
at the same time with
concerning
The
planning
original
problems
the
frequency
cannot be performed
The
2.
If
workload
is
for
the
CI
segment;
re-plan the
in advance.
CI
2. You may need to
the
plan the CI.
re-plan the LAC after

swap.
If only some of the
BTSs under the BSC
can be swapped at
Inherit both
that night, you need
of the LAC
to change plenty of
and CI
adjacent
cell
information, so the
BSIC
The planning workload
swap risk is high.

The same frequency
Shift
the
is light.
may have the same
NCC
and
BSCI and you cannot
keep
the
network for
design the adjacent
BCC
reference
cell in advance.
unchanged.
Take
the
Inherit
the
BSIC
data used in
configuration data used in
the original
the original network.
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1. When re-planning the
1. When the frequencies
BSIC data, shift the NCC
of the original network
only. For example, if the
are reused, you can also
NCCs
design the data for two
of
the
original
network are 0, 1, and 2,
sets of adjacent cells.
they can be 3, 4, and 5
2. The swap data can be
after the shift. For BCC,
loaded to the BSC in
Re-plan the
you
advance and the data for
data
unchanged.
two sets of adjacent
2. Check if the adjacent
cells can be operated
cells are using the same
simultaneously.
should
keep
it
frequency and same BSIC.

3. Pay attention to modify
the BSIC of the external
adjacent cells at the edges
Cell
during batch swap.

1.
Use
parameter
The network quality can
It is hard to collect all
Design
optimizati
conversion
to
be ensured after swap,
the data because the
data
on
convert the parameters of
because most of the
data
according to
parameter
the original network into
parameters used in the
with operators.
corresponding
original
Take
the
data used in
the original
network for
reference
tools
Huawei
ones, and then analyze if

these
parameters
network
format
varies
the
the
are
parameters
inherited.
used in the
are
original
applicable according to the
network and
characteristics of Huawei
use
equipment.
related
2. If some parameters of
parameter
the
collection
original
network
cannot be obtained, you
the
tools.
can use Huawei empirical

parameters
first
and
optimize them later.

1. Take the related
The planning method is
1.
network
simple
parameters are no fit
planning
data
guides for example.

Use
2.
Configure
Huawei
according
empirical
empirical value.
the
to
and
the
workload is light.
data
The
radio
for the actual radio

environment, so the
Huawei
network
indicators
may fluctuate greatly
value
after swap.
2. The optimization
workload is heavy
1. You can make the
1. You can inherit the
after swap.
Some data of the
Modify
data used in
adjacent
data
data of the adjacent
original adjacent cells
data based on
the original
according to the data used
cells that are used for
may be missing or
that used in
Adjacent
Take
cell
parameter
the
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in the original network,
actual
handover
and then use NASTAR or
reduce
the
MAPINFO
workload.
for
to
irrational, you need
planning
to check the data for

confirmation.
optimization.
2. The handover will
2. For one-time swap, you
not be greatly affected
need to make the data for
after
one set of adjacent cells
integration, so it is good
only. For batch swap, you
for
need to make the data for
optimization.
network
network
two sets of adjacent cells

at the edges. In addition,
you
should
notify the
customer to modify the

adjacent cell data designed
by the original operator.
3. If Huawei sites are
under
the
control
of
multiple BSCs, you should

network for
make the adjacent cell
the
original
reference
data accordingly.
network.
4. Pay attention to design

the data for the adjacent
cells outside the BSC
edge.
The
number
of
adjacent cells cannot be

greater than 32. For batch
swap, if you need to make
the data for more than 32
adjacent cells, you are
suggested to reserve the
original cells first, and
then delete the old data
before add new data.
5. After the completion of
the whole swap, you need
to cancel the information
of the redundant adjacent
cells.
The calculation of LAC is based on certain traffic model and paging strategy. Since the traffic
models in cities and countries are different, the capacity of a location area may greatly different
from that of another location area. For details, you can refer to corresponding guides and seek
help from technical support engineers. The following table gives the capacity of a location area.
(If the traffic volume of each subscriber is 0.02Erl at busy hours.)
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In average, 3
TRXs
configured
Frame
No.
BCCH
Paging
allocation
mode
AGCH
reserved
blocks
PCH
blocks
number
between
same
Subscribers
supported
Traffic
volume
supported
pages
IMSI
Main
BCCH
TMSI
IMSI
Combined
BCCH
TMSI
are
In
for
average,
TRXs
are
each
cell.
configured
for
(Suppose
that
each
cell.
the call loss rate
(Suppose that the
is
and
call loss rate is
each
0.5%
cell
0.5% and each cell
supports
11.8
supports 6.6 Erl.)
83785
1676
Erl traffic.)
424
95754
1915
484
575
107724
2154
545
647
130701
2614
661
785
149372
2987
756
897
168044
3361
850
1009
30238
423
107
127
45357
635
161
191
48494
679
172
204
72740
1018
258
306
503
Remark
Immediate assignm
preferred
Immediate assignm
preferred
Immediate assignm
preferred
Immediate assignm
preferred
Note that in actual calculation, if the traffic models are used in another occasions, you need to change the traffic volume accordingly. In this case, the calculation res
will be different.
After completing planning the data, you need to design RNP parameter design report and project
parameter table.
II. Designing Other Data

For how to design handover algorithm and related parameters, power control algorithm and
related parameters, and channel allocation algorithm and related parameters, refer to the
corresponding guide and seek help from technical support engineers. In addition, you need to
design the related data specified in the RNP parameter design report.
III. Designing Data for Secondary Integration

If a BTS should be integrated into one BSC before being integrated to the destination BSC, you
should design two sets of data for the BTS. The frequency parameters can keep unchanged. You
need to check if adjacent data and LAC needs to be modified.
4.1.3 RNP Data Review

When reviewing the RNP data, you should pay attention to the following points:
If the corresponding documents are output, including project parameter table, swap planning
report, acceptance indicator confirmation and guide record, and RNP parameter design
report.
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If the output documents and RNP data are correct, applicable, and complete.
If the network quality meet the customers requirement.
4.2 Network Interconnection Parameter Confirmation

4.2.1 A-interface Interconnection Parameters
The following table lists the A-interface interconnection parameters.
Type
Item
Remark
Hex or decimal notation. The
Signalling point code
signalling point code of BSC must

be consistent with that of MSC.
Domestic equipment is defaulted.
The signalling network mark of
Signalling network mark
BSC must be consistent with that of

MSC.
It is defaulted to 14 digits. The
coding scheme of BSC must be
Coding scheme
consistent
G9MSC
Relay
signalling
and
CIC range and CIC of each
E1
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interface 24-digit coding.

Each timeslot of each relay circuit
of
MSC
and
BSC
must
be
CCS7 links and 2 LPN7 boards for
and
SCCP-TIAS length
Matching impedance of E1
CRC verification
A-
consistent with that of BSC.

You are suggested to configure 2
Selection BSC clock source
connection
support
with that of MSC.

The signalling link of MSC must be
Signalling link number
Physical
MSC.
link slot of BSC must be consistent
Signalling link code
Timers
not
of
in MSC.
Generally, it is 16. The signalling
Signalling link slot
length
does
that
consistent.
This slot must be set to unavailable
TCSM maintenance slot
SCCP-TIAR
with
each module.
Generally, they
are
defaulted
values. Sometimes the BSC data

needs to be modified.
Select two good E1 lines and
extract clock from them.
The matching impedance of E1
must be consistent with that of the
transmission equipment.
The CRC of MSC must
be
consistent with that of BSC.
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(HR, FR, EFR, AMR) The circuit

Voice version supported
number must be corresponding to
Half-rate channel allocation
the voice version.

It is default to the BSC allocation
strategy
Mobile
country
mode,
strategy.
country
code,
mobile
network number
A-interface phase mark
CGI
MSCs.
For new sites, it is PHASE2+, and
sometimes it is PHASE1.
The CGI of BSC must be consistent
with that of MSC.
Paging according
Service
function
They must be consistent among
MSC paging mechanism
to
LAC
is
recommended; otherwise the Ainterface
signalling
load
will
increase.
(A50, A51, A52). No encryption.
Encryption algorithm
The encryption algorithm of BSC

must be consistent with that of
MSC.
The location update period of MSC
T3212
(VLR) must be longer than that of

BSC (VLR).
Inter-BSC handover and inter-MSC
Handover relationship
handover
should
be
properly
configured.
4.2.2 Gb-interface Interconnection Parameters

Type
E1
configuration
Item
Remark
FR (frame relay) has two formats,
FrFormat FR
PCM_30 and PCM_31. No matter

which one is used, it should be fit for
SGSN.
There are two code classes, including
CodeClass
hdb3 and ami. No matter which one

is used, it should be fit for SGSN.
The Gb-interface frame has two
FrameType
ClockMode
types,
including
pcm_df
and
crc4_mf. No matter which one is

used, it should be fit for SGSN.
The clock mode is configured as
master in SGSN. In PCU, it is
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configured as slave.
The timeslot occupied by bearer
channel must be consistent with the
TimeSlot
data configured for BC at the SGSN

side.
It stands for data link connection
DLCIType
identifier and it must be consistent

with that in SGSN.
FR mode has two types, including
BC
configuration
DTE and DCE. No matter which one

FR Mode
is used, it should be corresponding to

SGSN. Generally, it should be
configured as DTE in PCU.
The RF protocol must be fit for
FR protocol
SGSN.
You
are
configure it as q933.
Generally, a NSE
NS-VC
PVC
configuration
suggested
to
should
be
configured the PCU and each BSC

NSEI
that is connected to the PCU. The

NSEI must be consistent with that
configured for the SGSN.
Cell ID is 15 bytes or 16 bytes in
length. The first 5 bytes (when the
cell ID is 15 bytes) or the first 6
bytes (when the cell ID is 16 bytes)
CellID
should be BCD. The last 10 bytes

should be hex and must be consistent
Cell data
with the cell ID of the SGSN. In

addition, the last 10 bytes should also
be corresponding to CGI.
BSSID is used to identify one BSS
BSSID
from another. It should be consistent

with the data configured for SGSN.
4.3 Customer Suggestion

You should collect customers suggestions on network parameters and service features. If
contradiction is found in the suggestions, you should communicate with the customer for
confirmation in advance.
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Chapter 5 Network Swap Preparations

After the completion of equipment test, you can prepare for the network integration. This section
introduces the network swap preparations.
5.1 Network Swap Solution Design and Review

5.1.1 Overall Swap Solutions
If a network includes multiple network elements, you should output the overall swap solutions
first. Generally, the overall swap solutions should contain the following points:
Introduction of the original network, including networking mode, network configuration,

network identifier, network characteristics, and swap difficulties.
Introduction of the swap characteristics and order.
Swap principles, such as security, smoothness, low cost, and high efficiency.
General swap ideas based on the characteristics of the original network.
Technical solutions used to swap each network elements, including M2000.
Technical parameters used to swap each network elements.
Precautions about the network swap.
Conclusion.
5.1.2 Designing and Reviewing the Solutions Used to Swap Network Elements
After installing the equipment and finishing the test and after the completion of network swap
planning, you can begin to design the solutions used to swap network elements.
For the specific solutions of swap implementation, see Chapter 6.
The whole solutions include network swap planning report and network integration solutions.
A swap project will affect the BTS configuration and combination mode, so you should
implement the swap according to customers requirements specified in tender document. In
addition, you should also provide the coverage and capacity solutions based on full
communication with the customer.
Generally, the coverage should become better after swap. However, you should thoroughly
analyze the tender document before beginning the swap. For some rigorous requirements
beyond engineering capability, you should explain the reasons to the customer and give
reasonable suggestions. In this case, R&D engineers, RNP engineers, and marketing
engineers should cooperate with each other to design a competitive solution.
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On-site engineers should be familiar with all the coverage solutions provided by Huawei and
use the applicable one according to actual conditions.
Design the detailed swap solutions, including technical solutions, changeover solutions to
swap failure, swap planning, and personnel responsibility matrix. In addition, forms used for
subsequent test are needed, such as dialing test form, data check form, etc.
When designing network integration solutions, you must take all the possible risks into
consideration and communicate fully with the customer on these risks beforehand.
The swap solutions designed for large networks must be submitted to the technical support
engineers of the related regional divisions and the HQ for review before implementation. The
purpose of the review is to ensure the rationality, application, and correctness of the solutions.
Generally, after completing network swap planning report and integration solution, the on-site
project team should send the report and solution to the project monitoring owner and the owner
should organize the engineers concerned to review them. (The project monitoring owner can be
the project manager and the technical owner. If there is no project manager, you should send the
report and solution to the related product manager and RNO manager.). Note that the review
results should be copied to the related technical support engineers. For key projects and sensitive
projects, the on-site project team should organize R&D engineers, RNP engineers, marketing
engineers, and GBSS technical support engineers to hold a meeting to review the project. After
the meeting, a review summary is needed.
To win the customers acceptance and recognition of the swap project, you should communicate
fully with the customer on the reviewed swap solutions.
5.1.3 Swap Plan and Customer Confirmation

You should design an applicable swap plan based on manpower resource and confirm the
cooperation affairs from the customer, or you can work together with the customer to design the
swap plan.
5.2 Network Swap Preparations

5.2.1 Coordination Meeting and Customer Cooperation
You should submit the swap solution to the customer before integration and hold a swap
coordination meeting at the necessary time. Hereunder lists the confirmation points:
The swap solution must be recognized by the customer.
The time to start and end the swap; and the mark for successful integration and changeover
conditions.
The responsible swap persons of the customer and Huawei; the responsibility matrix of
project teams; and manpower arrangement. A dispatch management team should be set to
coordinate the implementation of the whole project. A supervisor and a skilled engineers
should be allocated for each project team. In addition, a standby team must be available.
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Resource requirements, such as vehicles, test MS, test card, emergency lamp, and multi-
meter, light emitting diode, standby transmission equipment, standby board, keys, and other
common tools.
Customers coordination departments and related affairs.
When swapping the network, the engineers responsible for transmission, switch, and BSC should
cooperate with each other. The following table gives the responsibility matrix.
No.
Cooperation
department
Cooperation affairs
Debug the A-interface transmission and Abis interface transmission for
1
2
3
4
5
Transmission
Switch
BSC and debug the Abis interface transmission for BTS.

Cooperate with the project team to modify the related data during swap.
Modify adjacent cell relationship and take measures to change the BTS
Original BSC
Customers BTS
back to the original state if integration failure occurs.

Coordinate with the project team to integrate BTS and check if the BTS
engineer
works normally after swap.

Provide DT and CQT; handle problems in time; and optimize the network
RNO
after integration.
5.2.2 Integration Difficulty Analysis and Emergency Measures

You should evaluate possible risks and difficulties before network integration and design
corresponding emergency measures. For details, see the last chapter of this document.
In addition, you need to foresee what should be done if failing to integrate the network.
5.2.3 Personnel Arrangement, Vehicle Arrangement, Test Tool, Installation Tool,

Equipment Preparation, and Emergency Measure
I. Personnel Arrangement
Network swap is a systematic project, so on-site owners should make good personnel
arrangement. Generally, Huawei personnel can be divided into the following groups:
Leader team
It is responsible for communication, guidance, and resource coordination. Generally, a leader team
consists of PM and local marketing and service leaders.
BSS project engineering team
It is responsible for implement the swap project. Generally, this group consists of general
technical owner, BSC supervisor, BTS integration test personnel. (Partners engineers are usually
responsible for the integration test.)
Emergency/standby group
If a project team cannot finish the corresponding task due to unexpected reasons, the
emergency/standby group will continue the task. In addition, the emergency/standby group is also
responsible for the equipment delivery and test.
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RNP&RNO team
It is responsible for network planning and optimization and it consists of Huawei engineers and
partners engineers.
Support team
It consists of the experts from regional divisions and Huawei HQ and R&D experts. These experts
are responsible for emergency cases.
Customers cooperation group
The customer should arrange the contact persons for each group mentioned above and a general
contact person. In addition, technical engineers responsible for transmission debugging, data
modification, problem elimination, and network changeover are needed.
For the information of personnel arrangement, it should be provided according to the following
table.
Role
Customers
Name
Telephone
general
coordinator
Huawei general owner
Responsibility
Monitor and coordinate the whole swap
project.
Arrange and dispatch Huawei engineers.
Coordinate the personnel, vehicle, SIM card,
dialing test, etc.
Cooperate with Huawei engineers on BSC
integration, transmission, and dialing test.
Responsible for BTS integration, equipment
room entry, and lighting.
Responsible for MSC cooperation and BSC
Customers cooperation
cooperation.
personnel
Customers RNO engineers are responsible

for cooperating with Huawei engineers on DT
and parameter adjustment. In addition, they
should monitor the network quality on the
next
day
after
integration
and
handle
emergency cases.
Responsible for on-site BSC integration and
acceptance.
Responsible for on-site BTS integration and
check.
Owner of network optimization. Responsible
for DT after integration and monitoring the
Huawei BSS integration
network on the next day after integration and
personnel
handling emergency cases.

Support BSS/NSS/GPRS/M2000
at
the
remote end.
Responsible
for
MSC
cooperation
if
necessary.
Automotive personnel
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Role

Name
Telephone
Responsibility
Note:
Two engineers are needed in BSC room. One is responsible for BSC test and A-interface
dialing test. And the other is responsible for confirming the identifiers of A-interface port and
Abis-interface port and debugging BTS.
Generally, a team is responsible for integrating two BTSs at most. And the personnel arrangement
depends on actual conditions.
II. Vehicle Arrangement

Vehicles are used to perform DT and send BTS personnel. The vehicle arrangement should be
finished several hours before integration. Generally, each DT team needs a vehicle. For other
cases, the vehicles are arranged according to actual conditions.
III. Test Tool and Installation Tool

Tool
Digital power meter
Purpose
Test TRX transmit power
Remark
When
Match-terminated line
Used for power test
cannot
be
connected, the match-terminated
Test the standing wave of the

Site Master
antennas
antenna and feeder system and

locate antenna failure.
line can function as the antenna.

Pay attention to the connectors of
the matching cable and configure
straight filter when installing
tower amplifier.
It is used for dialling test and

checking
Test MS
relationship,
if
the
cell
handover
direction,
and
frequencies are consistent with the
It is used together with the test
designed ones.
They are used for the connection
card.
between the equipment room and the

dispatch center when the BTS is
Other operators SIM cards
unavailable during integration. Note

that
Portable computer
BTS local maintenance line
you
should
have
It is used to ensure smooth
understanding of the coverage of the
communication during network
original network first.

It is used for local maintenance and
swap.
Serial port, BTS maintenance
upgrade.
It is used to connect the TMUs of
software, and BTS host software.
each site.
Cutter
Screwdriver
Cross
screwdriver
and
shovel
screwdriver
It is used to measure the voltage of
Multi-Meter
the BTS and the current of the tower
Light Emitting Diode
amplifier.
It is used to check if the transceiver
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If there is small BTS, you should

use special screwdriver.
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is normally connected.
8/10 ejector lever

12-inch adjustable wrench
Packet lamp
120- clamp tool
120- jumper
connector
is
used
to
connect
feeder
connectors.
It is used for night swap.
It is used for 120- transmission.
It is used for 120- transmission.
It is used to make the connectors of
Electric iron
Feeder
It
making
tool
75- transmission cable.

It is used to make connectors of
feeder and jumper.
IV. Spare Part Preparation

The spare parts should be prepared according to field needs. The spare parts of the BSC, BTS,
TRX, and TMU should be available. Generally, the spare parts are included in contract; otherwise
you need to prepare the related spare parts in advance and take them to the field at the integration
night.
V. Emergency Measures
The emergency measures must be made in advance.
5.2.4 Version Confirmation and License Application

You need to check if the current version support the functions required in the contract and check if
the old license can still be used. Note that the software versions should match BSC, PCU, BTS,
and M2000. For the project supervisors, they should apply for the correct software version
through related electronic process. And the versions are available after the corresponding
technical support engineers have reviewed the application.
5.2.5 Swap Data Design and BTS Swap Preparation

I. BSC Swap Data
The BSC swap data includes the data of the Huawei BSC and data of the BSC of the original
network, the former of which should be prepared by Huawei engineers and the later of which
should be prepared and collected by the customer.
Huawei BSC data includes adjacent cell relationship and MSC interconnection data. You
need to confirm if the Huawei data is supported by the customer. In addition, you should
note that if the BSCs of the original network are under the control of one MSC and if the
LAI and CGI of the original network can be reallocated.
For the BSC data of the original network, you need to modify the handover-related data only.
That is, add adjacent cell data to the original cells that have been swapped and configure the
Huawei cells as adjacent cells of the ordinal cells.
Hereunder introduces the steps to design Huawei BSC swap data:
1)
Submit the reviewed RNP&RNO data to the project supervisor
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After the RNP&RNO data has been reviewed, you should submit the RNP parameter design
report to the project supervisor. For details, see the previous introductions.
2)
Design BSC hardware data, BTS hardware data, interconnection data, and network planning
data. After that, the project supervisor should check the data according to the following
instructions:
If the data is fit for the version used for deployment.
If all the data is correctly designed.
If the configuration data of the BSC hardware is consistent with the designed file. For
example, the position of the transparent BIE must be fit for the actual connection and the
FTC board configuration must also fit the actual connection.
If the type and port configuration of the BTS are in accordance with the actual connection.
If external cell data is added to Huawei data. In addition, if the parameters (such as phase
mark and CIC) related to A-interface are necessary.
Make sure that the data can be normally converted on BAM.
Make sure that if the functional hardware supports related functions, such as half rate
function, and check the corresponding 14FTC/34BIE.
3)
Check DBF data
After designing the project supervisory data, you should submit the DBF data to the network
planning owner for review. And the network planning owner should use OMC program and Nastar
to check the DBF data. In addition, the network planning owner should also check the followings:
If each algorithm is fit for planning design.
If all the parameters are configured and correct.
If the values of the parameters are greater than the suggested values.
If the adjacent cell data is completely and correctly configured.
If the configuration of half rata and MAR is fit for the design.
If any abnormal information is found, you should correct the information. After that, create an
Autocfg.dat and put all the above information into the file. And this file should be sent to
engineering personnel for loading.
II. MSC Data

The destination (signaling) point code of the LAC and CI of the BTSs to be swapped should be
changed. Since the BTSs will be under the control of other BSCs after swap, the destination
(signaling) point code stored in the MSC database should be changed accordingly.
To ensure the smooth interconnection and interworking, you should confirm the information of
the Huawei BTSs that need to be added to the original system. In addition, you should also
confirm that the CGIs and LACs of all the cells are defined in MSC. Note that the definitions of
CGI and LAC vary with operators, so you need to check them one by one. If cross-province
handover or cross-region handover will appear, you should notify the customer to modify the
related information after the integration of the network.
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For packet service, you need to confirm the data related to LAC and SGSN. For prepaid service,
you need to consider if the routing information of the prepaid subscribers should be modified.
III. PCU Data

You need to check the following data:
IP address configuration (If the IP address is correctly configured.)

Routing information (If the routing information is correctly configured.)
Hardware data configuration (If the POMU board, RPPU board, L2PU board, and PMC
board are configured at the corresponding slot.)
E1 slot configuration (If the RPPU board number, E1 number, and E1 sub-slot number are
correctly configured. And if the E1 slot configuration at the PCIC side is consistent with that
of the BSC side.)
LAPD link configuration (If the link configuration is consistent with that configured at the
BSC side.)
ATTR data configuration (Pay attention to check the configuration of CGI and routing area.)
GPRS data configuration (Pay attention to check the network mode of operation and other
defaulted values.)
Dynamic adjustment parameter configuration (CS type and license restriction)
PDCH parameter configuration
E1 configuration at Gb interface (Pay attention to the load sharing principle, the backup
principle, clock, frame format, code, and other interconnection parameters.)
BC configuration (Pay attention to the configuration principle and interconnection setting.)
NS-VC configuration
Cell data configuration at Gb interface (CellID and BSSID)
IV. SGSN Data

The SGSN data is mainly prepared for PCU swap.
V. BTS Integration
You need to get the key to the equipment room. The BTS integration is performed according to
BTS survey, but you can finish the preparations in advance.
If many BTSs are to be integrated, you need to carry computers to load the software; otherwise
the load at the BSC side will become heavy.
VI. Network Optimization Integration Preparations

After testing the original equipment, collecting the swap data, and planning the frequencies and
parameters, you should confirm the test time, place, and lines for the integration. For details, see
RPO401-01 DT preparation self-check list (G/C/W).
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Note:
A work memo is needed for data design and modification. The memo should include modification
contents, required feedback time, name and ID of engineering personnel, engineering time, etc. At
last, this work memo must be confirmed and loop closed.
In addition, you should confirm the transmission according to the following instructions:
The labels of the A-interface, Abis-interface, and Gb interface (the three interfaces locate at
the GBSS side and GBSS is installed on DDF rack) are confirmed and placed in due
position.
The trunks are normal and the status of the indicators of BIE board and MSM board is
normal.
A-interface transmission is fit for CIC configuration according to project file and data.
The connection between each BTS and the concatenation relationship of each are correct
according to project file and data.
Enough jumpers should be prepared.
The A-interface transmission at the MSC side and the Gb interface transmission at the SGSN
side should be confirmed.
5.2.6 Pre-integration
Pre-integration is often used in a swap project. You should judge if the pre-integration is necessary
according to actual conditions. If yes, the pre-integration should also be implemented according to
strict steps and plans. If any problem is found according to the pre-integration, you should correct
them and make a conclusion immediately. All the information collected according to the preintegration should be sent to the related experts for analysis.
If the pre-integration results are very good and win the customers reorganization, you should
begin formal integration. Before designing the pre-integration solutions, you can communicate
with the customer in advance to reach an agreement on the integration.
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Chapter 6 Swap Implementation

This chapter introduces the swap implementation. Since there is time restriction on network
integration, detailed arrangement and test are important. Hereunder lists the points that need
special attention:
Network swap is a systematic project. To finish the whole project, you need the customers
help. Therefore, the project team should be well managed and the clear responsibility matrix
should be divided.
According to past experiences, transmission debugging has the greatest effect against the
swap project, because it can only be performed at the swap night. Therefore, you need to
fully communicate with the customer on whether to delay the network integration if the
transmission conditions are not met.
Customers often pay much attention on duration during network swap. For Huawei,
however, to enhance the customer satisfaction rate, engineers should ensure the engineering
duration, quality, and cost.
6.1 Network Integration on the Swap Day

6.1.1 Network Integration Schedule
The following table details the network integration schedule and responsibility matrix.
Product
Time
Owner
Responsibility
Technical sup
If on-site engineers need remote support,
port engineers
technical support engineers should notify the

related department to make preparations in time
and provide the integration solution and data in
advance. Note that the technical support
The day before sw
engineers for network integration include the
ap
PM
RNO technical support engineers.

Organize integration coordination
meeting,
deciding integration time, and confirm other

precautions with customer, including vehicle
arrangement, test tool, personnel cooperation,
Daytime
of
the
swap day
Technical ow
contact method, and internal problem reporting.

Hold a meeting participated by all the engineers
ner or PM
related to the project to detail the integration

arrangement, announce the integration time and
BTS
BTS personne
contact method.
Check if BTS has been in the equipment room
l/customer
and if the key to the room is available;

Check if all the hardware is present when
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arriving at the engineering site and finishing the
related preparations;
Print the integration steps and precautions.
RNP&RNO engineers prepare for DT, confirm
RNP
DT data and DT line with the customer, and

Each network el
assign the DT task to partner.

Check the health condition and status of all the
ement
equipment, and check the necessary terminal
Transmission co
tools and components.

Reconfirm the transmission with the customer.
nfirmation
If the transmission conditions are not met,
22:00 oclock of
PM or general
cancel the integration.

Communicate problems with the customer
the swap day
technical
senior management layer.
support
General coordinator for on-site affairs.
coordinator
General
Actual integration, problem collection handling,
technical
HQ contact person.
support
and
experts
of
each network
element
Integration problem handling and A-interface int
erconnection.
Supervise engineers to enable BTS;
Perform dialing test for CS/PS;
Check if the antennas of some cells are inversely
connected;
Check if it is necessary to use test MS to test the
BSS
environment around the BTS;

Check if the frequency information is consistent
with the corresponding cell;
Locate BTS problems.
Monitor alarming information
and
traffic
statistics.
Monitor and coordinate the implementation
RNP
progress.
Monitor the BSS;
Perform CS test;
MSC
Collect and analyze the DT data of each region.

Check A-interface interconnection;
Add handover relationship;
Monitoring signaling;
Analyze alarming information.
Analyze traffic statistical data and bill data;
Locate and handle problems;
Monitor signaling.
Cooperate with each other for related test;
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Check UMS alarming information;
Coordinate with each other to handle DDF
problems.
Observe the equipment;
PCU
Cooperate with each other for related test;

Correct user data;
Check alarming information;
SGSN
Monitor each registered cell number.

Gb-interface interconnection and test.
M2000
OMC management;
The day next to
PM
swap
Problem checking and handling.

Customer communication;
Integration confirmation
Watch equipment room;
All
Check alarming information;

Analyze traffic statistics;
Respond to user complaints.
Continue drive test (data services, such as GPRS
RNP
and EDGE, should be tested);

Compare and analyze the data before and after
the drive test;
Optimize related parameters.
6.1.2 Checking Each Network Element (Before Integration)

I. Checking GBSS Running Status
You should record the running status of the system before integration, including the alarming
information, traffic statistics, and the running status of each board and BTS.
1)
Query the running status and alarming information of the BTSs attached to the original BSC
and record them. Meanwhile, report them to the related personnel of XXX Company and
require them to solve the problems affecting network integration as quickly as possible.
2)
Check the status of each BSC board at the maintenance console and check if the indicator of
each BSC board is correct.
3)
Check the status of the relay circuit of the A-interface. The NSS engineers of XXX Company
should cooperate with Huawei engineers to query the status of the relay-circuit of the Ainterface at the MSC side.
4)
Check the status of each No.7 signaling link and query the status of LAPD link.
5)
Check the status of each enabled BTS, BTS board, and channel. (For example, check if there
is congested channel.)
6)
Check the status of special equipments, such as the semi-permanent connection equipment
and timeslot extraction equipment.
7)
Check if there is other abnormal condition.
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II. Confirming GPRS Status

At the BSC side, you need to check the status of the corresponding LAPD link. If the status is
multiframe setup, the communication between BSC and PCU is normal. You are suggested to
sample some BTSs to check the PDCH status at the maintenance console.
If you need to log in to PCU, you can query the working status of the PCU with the guide
provided by related support engineers according to Appendix 4.
III. Checking the Status of Related Network Elements

The status of the A-interfaces of the MSC and SGSN, the signaling status, and the CPU load must
be checked.
6.1.3 BSC Integration

This section details the work that should be finished in the equipment room.
Work related to BSC

After confirming that the BSC hardware runs normally, you should load the integration data
and check if the status of the BSC is normal after integration. In addition, you need also
check if each BSC board runs normally, if there is important alarm, if the traffic statistical
indicator is normal, and if there signaling is normal.
Work related to A-interface

The A-interface resource is scarce, so you should expand the network capacity at the
integration night. In this case, you need to confirm the transmission for A-interface
expansion and check the A-interface circuit status.
Work related to BTS cooperation

After BSC runs normally, you need to notify the engineers concerned to begin BTS
integration; Confirm the transmission interface of the original BTS; Pay attention to use light
emitting diode to confirm the relationship between transmission and reception; Notify the
engineers concerned that the new BTS and the original BTS can be disconnected. After
Huawei BTS is powered on and the transmission of the BTS becomes normal, you should
check the running status of the BTS at the BSC side. If necessary, you need to force the
related software to be activated. If any problem is found, you can coordinate the BTS
supervisor to solve the problem together.
Work related to MSC coordination

Confirm that the data of the location area of the corresponding MSC has been set.
Check if the traffic statistics, alarm, and maintenance function of the M2000 network
management system are normal.
Register and observe traffic statistics

Generally, the following tasks should be registered at the traffic statistics console, including
BSC overall performance measurement, CPU performance measurement, MTP link
performance measurement, SDCCH performance measurement, TCH performance
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measurement, random access performance measurement, intra-cell handover performance

measurement,
power
control
performance
measurement,
call
drop
performance
measurement, Rxqual performance measurement, Rxlev performance measurement, cell

performance measurement (2), cell performance measurement (3), TRX call drop
performance measurement, and A-interface relay performance measurement.
Register the traffic statistical tasks reflecting KPI at the MSC and SGSN.
Alarm query and analysis; alarm solution; abnormal alarms related to BSS; important alarms
related to BSC.
Check the status of the corresponding network element is normal.
Cooperate with the related engineers to handle BTS problems.
Cooperate with the related RNO engineers to correct data.
Record abnormal problems.
6.1.4 MSC-Related Work during BSC Integration

I. Debugging A-interface
The A-interface data should be debugged at the night (from 23:00 to 3:00). In addition, you should
test if the MS can access the network and if the location update and handover can be performed
normally. The overall dialing test contains various services, including intra-office call, calls
corresponding to each handover, toll call, and intelligent service. Moreover, you should verify if
each call procedure is correct.
II. Integrating BSC after A-interface Debugging

To ensure that the transmission between BSC and Huawei MSC is available, you should perform
overall dialing test. The test contains various services, including intra-office call, calls
corresponding to each handover, toll call, intelligent service, call transfer, etc.
If there are multiple BSCs to be integrated, you can perform the integration by steps. During BSC
integration, you need to pay attention to the following points:
If several BSCs belong to the same MSC in the original network, the BSCs must be
integrated to the new MSC in one time.
The handover data applied to the old MSC and new MSC must be adjusted.
During the integration, both the old and new MSC are valid. In this case, you should
preserve adequate inter-change circuit according to the traffic between the old MSC and new
MSC.
III. Conclusion
Hereunder summarize the MSC-related work needs to be done during GBSS integration. The
seamless cooperation between MSC and GBSS is the key to a successful swap.
1)
Test phase
The customer needs to prepare redundant E1 for A-interface. The E1 must be interconnected
with Huawei BSC when the BSC and BTS are powered on. The data related to Huawei BSC
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must be added to the core network and interconnected with A-interface. Note that all the
services must be tested.
2)
Integration preparation
Huawei is responsible for BSC-side transmission, and the customer is responsible for
transmission layout and debugging from core network to DDF rack.
The data related to BSC integration must be made at the core network.
Adjacent cell relationship must be designed before the swap of BSC and MSC. If there is
cross-MSC cell, you need to design the adjacent cell relationship at other MSCs.
If some BTSs are not successfully swapped, you need to recover the data and adjacent cell
relationship related to the corresponding BTSs.

If new LAI is used, the new LAI must match the charging information and intelligent service
if the information and service are available.

3)
Resource requirements at the core network

Switching side personnel
DDF rack
Power supplier
Relay device (2M)
Relay signaling
Test card and test MS
Dialing personnel
Personnel cooperating with the modification of MSC-related data
Pre-paid service debugging and voice resource test
6.1.5 BTS Integration

BTS integration involves multiple scenarios. Whether there is adequate room for BTS installation,
whether there is standby transmission equipment, and whether the direct current power supply is
available are three main factors affecting the BTS integration. The antenna feeder does not affect
the integration because it will not be installed at the integration night. Eight possibilities are
included in the three factors. Hereunder details the BTS integration:
Disassemble the original BTS. The disassembly has no side or negative effect against the
network.
Prepare the related tools and vehicles before integration. After the arrival of the integration
team, the BTS door should be opened and the light in the equipment room should be
enabled. In some special cases, engineers must get the permission of the third party before
entering the equipment room, so you should explain this to the customer and make
preparations in advance.
Only the direct current power supply cabinet is discussed in this document. For alternating
current input, you need to communicate with the customer in advance.
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To enhance working efficiency and increase test time, you must finish the related work
before integration.
In some places, you have to move not only the BTSs to be swapped but also other networks
or power supply equipment. In this case, you need to communicate with the customer on this
action.
The partner is always responsible for BTS integration, so you must take measures to ensure
the engineering quality
I. Installation Steps
This section introduces the steps to install the BTS when no standby transmission, no power
supply cabinet used for replacement, and no position restriction.
After the arrival of the BTS, you need to check the places where the power supply cable is long or
the transmission needs to be re-arranged in advance.
1)
After confirming the BSC port, confirm that the BTS-side transmission port is correct
through self-loop test.
2)
Disconnect the power supply of the BTS and move out the original power supply cabinet and
BTS. When moving out the BTS, you do not have to move the connection line and antenna
feeder so that that the BTS can be changed back to the original position in emergency
conditions.
3)
Finish installing Huawei power supply cabinet, power on the cabinet with alternating
current, and observe the running status of each module. After that, disconnect the power
supply.
4)
Install Huawei BTS at the corresponding location; connect the transmission line, power
supply cable, and grounding line. If the time is urgent, you do not have to fix the BTS and
secondary installation is allowed.
5)
When Huawei BTS is powered on, observe the status of the indicator.
6)
Connect transmission to Huawei BTS and check if the status of LIU1 is normal. After the
transmission is normal, check if the BTS runs normally. During this period, do not
disconnect the power supply of the BTS. If software needs to be upgraded, you need to
notify the BSC to upgrade the related software or perform near end upgrade.
7)
After the BTS runs normally, you can connect the jumpers and the lightening protector. If the
time is urgent, you do not have to fix them and secondary installation is allowed.
8)
Finish the standing wave test from the CDU interface is necessary. No instrument can be
used to observe the standing wave indicator of the CDU.
9)
After the BTS is initialized, perform dialing test and handover test. In addition, you should
test power and confirm cell direction. Other ATP tests can also be performed.
10) If all the test results are normal, you should perform drive test for network optimization. If
there is no problem, it means that you have succeeded in integrating the network.
11) For the convenience of network maintenance, you should paste labels for the corresponding
cells.
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12) Finish connecting the match heads and EAC; install the sensor; and test the EAC connection
and function.
13) Install battery or battery rack.
14) If the drive test results are normal, it means that the BTS has been successfully integrated.
15) Package the old equipment if necessary.
16) Collect the test record and tool; tidy up the engineering field, and return the key.
II. BTS Swap Steps

Hereunder provides a swap example, which specifies the BTS swap steps:
1)
Shut down the original BTS
When arriving at the engineering field, the BTS integration team should phone the transmission
changeover team and shout down the power supply of the original BTS. Generally, this action is
taken at 00:00 or later.
In this case, Huawei should wait for the xx company to make preparations, and the xx company is
responsible for shutting down the original BTS.
2)
Integrate BTS power supply
After confirming that the polarity, voltage, and label of the power supply are correct, you can
connect the power supply to Huawei BTS.
In this case, Huawei is responsible for providing power cable and putting the cable near the
equipment room, and the xx company is responsible for removing the power supplier of the
original BTS and connecting the Huawei BTS power supplier.
3)
Integrate Abis interface relay
Disconnect the Abis interface relay (2M) from the original equipment and connect it to Huawei
BTS through DDF rack.
In this case, Huawei is responsible for providing the transmission from BTS to DDF rack, and the
xx company is responsible for removing the transmission between the original BTS and BSC and
connecting it to the DDF rack for Huawei BTS.
4)
Check BTS installation and power-on the BTS
After the power supplier and transmission are connected, you need to confirm that the Huawei
BTS is well installed, and then power-on the BTS. Huawei BTS will send loading application to
BSC after performing self-check.
In this case, Huawei is responsible for checking the BTS installation, powering on the BTS, and
testing the BTS transmit power. (The connector of the lightening protector is the test interface, so
you need to check if the power fluctuates at each connector, because the power should keep stable.
Note that digital power meter is preferred.). And the xx company is responsible for cooperate with
Huawei in the test.
5)
Dial test phone
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After the BTS has finished loading data automatically and all the cells are available, you should
perform dialing test. The called numbers are decided by test engineers. Ten calls should be made
for each cell. Finally, you need to send the test results to the BSC maintenance team.
In this case, Huawei needs to cooperate with the test engineers to solve problems occurred during
the test, and the xx company should perform the dialing test according to plans and confirm the
BTS working status.
6)
Integrate antenna feeder system
After the dialing test, you can integrate the antenna feeder system. That is, remove the indoor soft
jumper of the original antenna feeder and connect the corresponding antenna feeder to Huawei
BTS.
In this case, Huawei is responsible for providing BTS interface for the jumper and finishing
standing wave test. (The test interface locates at the CDU antenna connector. so you need to check
if the standing wave ratio fluctuates at each connector, because this ratio should keep stable.).
7)
Check drive test
After all the BTSs are integrated, you can perform drive test for them. The test contents include
cell direction, signal strength, handover, and interference.
In this case, Huawei RNO engineers should perform drive test to check the coverage quality, and
the xx company should provide vehicles and cooperate with Huawei RNO engineers in the drive
test.
8)
Analyze the integration
To have an overall understanding of the network after integration, you can analyze the drive test
results. The test results can work as reference for next-phase network optimization.
In this case, Huawei is responsible for analyzing the coverage quality after BTS integration and
providing reference data for the next-phase network optimization, and the xx company is
responsible for analyzing the network quality after BTS integration and putting forward network
optimization requirements.
9)
Deal with original BTS
Huawei engineers are not responsible for dealing with the original BTS. The xx company is
responsible for dealing with these old goods either by themselves or with the help of the third
party.
6.1.6 PCU Integration

Pb interface (it is defined by Huawei) connects PCU to BSC. Before integrating PCU, you need to
debug the Pb interface. For details, see the related deployment guides.
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I. Gb Interface Integration Steps and Precautions

1)
Check Gb interface data configuration, including E1 configuration, BC configuration, NCVC configuration, and cell configuration.
2)
Check hardware connection to make sure that the Gb interface board is inserted at the right
position.
3)
Test transmission self loop to make sure that the E1 line is correctly configured for Gb
interface.
4)
Check E1 connection. If the green light of the PMC board flashes slowly, the E1 connection
is normal.
5)
Check BC state through mt fr bc show statinfo all. If the link consistency check is
available and the user is not blocked, it means that the BC state is normal.
6)
Check the NSE state through MT BVC SIG SHOW <NSEI> to see if it is normal.
7)
Check the NSVC state through mt nsvc showstate <NSEI><NSVCI>. If the NSVC is
unlocked, it means that it is normal.
8)
Check the Signal BVS state through mt bvc signal show state <NSEI> to see if it is
normal.
9)
Check the PTP BVC state through mt bvc ptp show state <NSEI> {<BVCI>|all to see if it
is normal.
II. Traffic Statistics Indicator Registration (PCU)

You are suggested to register traffic statistics indicators related to PCU. The seven indicators
reflecting the running condition of PCU must be recorded, including BSC overall performance
measurement,
Pb
interface
performance
measurement;
G-Abis
interface
performance
measurement, Um interface performance measurement, etc. The six indicators reflecting the cell
details are recommended. For the following indicators, the ones in black must be registered, and
the others are optional.
CPU measurement
BSC overall performance measurement
G-Abis interface performance measurement
Pb interface performance measurement
Cell performance measurement: packet assignment performance measurement; uplink TBF
setup and release performance measurement; downlink TBF setup and release performance
measurement; PDCH resource performance measurement; PDCH peak value performance
measurement, uplink RLC data transmission performance measurement, downlink RLC
transmission performance measurement, radio channel performance measurement, resource
maintenance performance measurement.
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6.1.7 Network Optimization Arrangement

The test performed at the swap night is to check if the services are normal and if there are serious
problems.
DT lines should cover each cell and the areas covered by the major lobes of the cells. At least the
bi-directional handover between the edge of one cell and its adjacent cell should be tested. Since
the network integration is often performed at the night; you may not access some areas or section.
In this case, you should plan the DT line in advance.
According to the DT, the coverage should become better after network integration. In addition,
cell parameters should be correctly set, and the frequency and handover should be normal. If some
adjacent cells are missing or the antenna feeder is inversely connected, you should contact the
project team immediately.
The baseband frequency hopping will stop if there is any TRX problem. Therefore, if you
discover the problem of this kind during the test, you should contact the project supervisor
immediately.
In addition, you should check if the GPRS function is available for the GPRS cells.
Note:
The RNO team and project team should tell each other the contact persons responsible for the
integration in advance. After enabling the BTS, the project team should notify the standby DT
team to perform drive test. And the project team should wait for the DT results. If the DT team
finds any problem, they should tell the project team to solve the problem immediately. If the
project team has multiple BTSs to be swapped at that night, the nearby BTSs should be swapped
first. In this case, the project team should notify the DT team to perform the drive test after the all
the BTSs are swapped. And the project team should still be present in the field to wait for the DT
results.
6.2 Emergency Measures and Changback for Network Integration

6.2.1 Emergency Measures
I. Emergency Measures for BSC
If you meet difficult problems, you can seek help from the technical support engineers of Huawei
to locate the problem. Meanwhile, BSC supervisor must monitor the data such as interface
messages and BTS log for further analysis. If the problem cannot be solved within the time
required by the customer, you should change back the transmission to the original BTS; otherwise
normal communication will be terminated.
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II. Emergency Measures for BTS

If you find any problem concerning BTS transmission, you should notify the problem to the
engineers responsible for guaranteeing transmission.
If there are bad components or boards, the BTS emergency group must replace them immediately.
If the Operation and Maintenance Link (OML) or Radio Signaling Link (RSL) cannot be
established, you should contact the engineers responsible for BSC integration immediately.
6.2.2 Changeback Principle Description

You need to confirm the time and condition of changeback. Generally, the changeback can be
divided into BTS changeback and BSC changeback. BSC changeback should be performed before
BTS changeback, so the BSC changeback is a relatively easy task. It is important to find problems
through changeback and solve them accordingly for subsequent operation.
When designing changeback solution, you need to back up the data to be modified for the original
BSC and MSC. During network swap, you are suggested not to modify and delete other data
except the data of the original BSC and the adjacent cells, because this is convenient for secure
changeback. During changeback, you should pay attention to the following points:
Export the frequency planning data (including frequency hopping, BSIC, etc) according to
the backup data of the original network because the data will be used for the changeback. If
there is changeback failure, you need to check the frequencies planned at edges.
If the whole swap fails, you can completely use the backup data for the adjacent cells. If the
swap for some of the sites fails, you need to design new data for the edge adjacent cells and
modify the corresponding adjacent cell relationship between the original BSC and Huawei
BSC.
The planning data, such as LAC and CI, should be exported according to the backup data
during changeback, because the planning data should be modified in the MSC. When the
swap for some of the sites fails and if the planning data such as LAC and CI is different from
that in the original network, you need to decide if the LAC and CI should be changed back to
the original ones; otherwise the network will be negatively affected.
If the BSC-related data used in the original network does not have to be deleted, you can use
the backup data.
The concatenation BTSs should be changed back.
The data related to the changeback BTSs should be modified in the MSC.
6.2.3 Changeback Measures

I. BSC Changeback
Generally, BSC can be debugged and interconnected successfully in advance, but the possibility
for you to test the network at the integration night is small, because the time is urgent and the
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preparations are inadequate. In addition, some important functions are not supported, the
important boards fails, or the customers A-interface is not in due position.
1)
If all the BSC is changed back and shares one MSC with the original BSC, you should do the
followings:
Ensure the A-interface transmission of the original BSC
Recover the data of the original BSC
Recover the MSC data
Recover the data of the BTSs under the control of the original BSC
2)
If all the BSC is changed back and uses another MSC, you should do the followings:
Ensure the A-interface transmission of the original BSC
Recover the data of the original BSC
Recover the data of the two MSCs
Recover the data of the BTSs under the control of the original BSC
II. BTS Changeback

If BTS integration fails, it should be changed back to the original status. If the new BTS cannot be
opened at the 5:00 a.m or the coverage performance decreases rapidly according to drive test, the
BTS should be changed back before 6:00 a.m. In this case, you should do the followings:
Reset the BTS, power supply, and antenna, and check the working status of the BTS.
Reset the transmission.
Modify the neighbor cell relationship between the original BSC and Huawei BSC.
If the two BSC does not belong to one MSC, the inter-MSC handover relationship will be
present.
If the CGI is used for route analysis in the MSC, you need to modify the related data.
For the convenience of problem location and analysis, Huawei BTS engineers should record the
details and test data, and the BSC supervisor should monitor and save the corresponding data.
6.3 Network Monitoring on the Day Next to Swap

The network monitoring on the day next to swap is quite important. You should arrange engineers
to monitor the traffic statistics closely and pay attention to the fluctuation of each indicator and
customers complaints. If there is abnormal conditions, engineers should analyze problem from
the following perspectives:
Check if the history alarms of the BTS and BSC are normal, because failures related to
transmission, antenna, and board will affect KPI and result in complaints.
Check if the traffic volume in each cell is normal and if there is no traffic at some sites.
Check if the important indicators, such as call drop rate, handover success rate, and
congestion rate are normal.
Check if the success rate of the handover between different customers equipment is normal.
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Analyze the customers complaints and solve them. After solving the problems, you should
notice the customer immediately. In addition, you need to create a history record for the
complaints to make sure that no problem will be missing.
If no problem is found, the project team should feed back the results (including traffic statistics,
drive test, and dialing test) to the customer. In this case, it can be taken that the network has been
successfully integrated.
Chapter 7 After-Swap Network Quality Monitoring and

Optimization
To ensure that the final network acceptance can pass, you should strictly monitor the network
quality for a period of time after the swap. The tasks involved in network monitoring include
online equipment problem handling, network monitoring, and network optimization.
7.1 Online Equipment Problem Handling

7.1.1 Hardware Problem Handling
The hardware problems occurring after swap must be handled immediately; especially the BTSs
providing converge for VIP areas should be more carefully monitored.
When the project team handles the coverage problems, such inverse connection of antenna feeder
and poor Rxlevel, network optimization supervisor or project supervisor should confirm that the
problems are really solved. To solve conversation problem caused by board failure, you need to
block the OMC and check the utilization of channels and signaling.
No alarm will be generated if the performance of some hardware decreases. Once discovering
such problem, network optimization engineers should solve the problem with the coordination of
BSS engineers.
If the traffic volume of a cell is low, the problem may be related to uplink and downlink.
If the channel utilization rate is low, call drop rate is high, and there is great interference, the
problem may be related to the decrease of the TRX performance and combiner and divider
performance.
7.1.2 Complaint Handling

Users complaints must be handled quickly. Generally, complaints can be divided into the
following categories:
Coverage complaints
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Voice quality complaints (one way audio, no audio, cross-talking, call drop, echo, noise, etc)
Service failure complaints (incoming call failure, outgoing call failure, fax service
unavailable, etc)
PS complaints (slow network connection, GPRS service unavailable, etc)
7.1.3 Alarm Analysis

I. BSS-Focused Abnormal Alarms
The following table lists the alarm names according to BSC32.
Alarm ID
62
65
84
86
107
113
626
627
311
545
547
559
560
562
571
572
605
612
695
696
Alarm Name
Signalling link layer 2 congestion alarm
Destination signalling point unavailable alarm
Signalling link layer 3 congestion alarm
Signalling link unavailable alarm
SCCP remote signalling point failure alarm
SCCP destination signalling point forbidden alarm
Signalling link service interruption alarm
Signalling link location failure alarm
Digital relay PCM failure alarm
Internal flow class change
Cell flow control class change
BSC reset alarm
BSC reset acknowledgment alarm
BSC reset circuit alarm
MS reset alarm
MSC overload alarm
BSC unequipped with circuit alarm
MSC unequipped with circuit alarm
GCKS clock 10 minutes deviated from reference time
GCKS clock 24 hours deviated from reference time
Remark
Signaling alarm
Relay alarm
System load
Cell load
Circuit failure
Clock source failure
II. Important MSC-Related Alarms

The important MSC-related alarms are A-interface relay circuit alarm, signaling link alarm, BSC
overload alarm, and BSC reset alarm.
7.2 Network Monitoring and Optimization

After swapping the network, you should closely monitor the feedbacks from the customers or
users. Generally, users are quite sensitive to the network quality several days after the network
integration and may put forward subjective feelings. For example, they may complain that they
cannot make calls in the rooms where the signals were weak before the network integration. Or
they may also complain that there is great noise, the success rate of the fax service is low, and the
data service is unavailable. The reasons for the problems are that the coverage sensitive area
decreases, or the network parameters are irrationally set, or the cooperation between operators
parameters are not satisfactory. These problems must be solved as quickly as possible. If the
decrease of the coverage area is caused by improper planning, you need to change the planning
accordingly immediately. Note that you should pay special attention to antenna adjustment;
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otherwise new coverage problem will be introduced. To prevent sensitive problems from causing
great negative effect, you need to notify marketing personnel to maintain good customer
relationship.
7.2.1 OMC Traffic Statistics Analysis

You can discover the problems of the original network through monitoring and analyzing the daily
traffic statistics. During this period of time, you should try to register as much as traffic statistics
that are used for network optimization. In addition, you should pay special attention to the traffic
statistics related to traffic volume, congestion, call drop, handover, and interference. Furthermore,
you also should compare the traffic statistical indicators before and after network swap. If an
indicator becomes worse after swap, you should find out the reasons and improve it.
I. KPI Analysis (Voice Service)

In addition to the call drop rate, congestion rate, and handover success rate (for cell-level
indicators), you are suggested to pay attention to the following traffic statistical indicators.
For TRX-level indicators, you should check the assignment and utilization of SDCCH and TCH in
the channel allocation performance measurement and discover the abnormal TRXs immediately.
For the statistics in the path balance performance measurement, you need to monitor the uplinks
and downlinks of the corresponding TRX.
You should integrate the Rxlevel performance measurement and Rxqual performance
measurement into consideration, and can analyze the coverage provided by radio signals and also
analyze the interference caused by the radio signals as well.
For the networks with high load, you are suggested to check the signaling link send occupation
percentage (%) and signaling link receive occupation percentage (%) in the MTP link
performance measurement, because these two items indicate the signaling load at the A-interface.
If the values of the two indicators reach 30% respectively, the signaling link will be congested or
signaling may be losing. In this case, you should suggest the customer expand the network.
In BSC overall performance measurement, if the PCH overload times for circuit service at the
Abis interface and the RACH overload times for circuit service at the Abis interface are great, you
should consider readjusting the paging parameters or redividing the location areas.
In LAPD performance measurement, if both the pages discarded due to serious LAPD link
overload and pages discarded due to slight LAPD overload are not 0, it means that the flow
control has been happened during the statistical period.
For the network side, you need to check the following changes.
If the average timeslot occupation time is quite short according to A-interface relay performance
measurement, it is likely that the A-interface relay is inversely connected or mismatched. In this
case, users cannot hear the opposite partys voice, and then hang up. Therefore, each conversation
only lasts for a short period of time.
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The cause values of the inter-BSC outgoing handover failure in cell performance measurement (3)
can be divided into multiple types and they can be used for the analysis of inter-BSC handover.
II. KPI Monitoring (for Each Swap BTS)

You can use NASTAR to monitor the change of the KPIs before and after swap (the traffic data of
the original network should be collected and input into the NASTAR in advance). To discover
problem in time and prevent the traffic fluctuation from reducing analysis deviation, you are
recommended to use the all-day KPIs (24 hours). And you should pay special attention to the
traffic volume, call drop rate, and handover success rate. If there is abnormal case, analyze and
handle it immediately. At last, you need to export a KPI monitoring daily report.
III. KPI Analysis (Packet Service)

The daily GPRS network monitoring is responsible for the monitoring of data throughput,
transmission performance, accessibility, resource utilization rate, and retain ability. The following
table lists the GPRS KPIs.
Data Throughput
Downlink NS_PDU mean throughput (kbps)

Uplink RLC data block retransmission rate (%)
Transmission
Downlink RLC data block retransmission rate (%)
performance
Uplink EGPRS RLC data block retransmission rate (%)

Downlink EGPRS RLC data block retransmission rate (%)
Uplink assignment success rate
Downlink assignment success rate
Mean interval for packet access request initiated on CCCH (s)
Accessibility
Uplink TBF congestion rate (%)

Downlink TBF congestion rate (%)
Uplink EGPRS TBF congestion rate (%)
Downlink EGRPS TBF congestion rate (%)
Uplink PDTCH/PACCH utilization rate
Downlink PDTCH/PACCH utilization rate
PDCH utilization rate
Resource
utilization rate
Success rate for BSC to reclaim overload dynamic PDCH

PDCH allocation success rate
Mean downlink throughput per PDCH (kbps)
Mean uplink throughput per PDCH (kbps)
Retain ability
Uplink GPRS TBD call drop rate (%)

Downlink GPRS TBF call drop rate (%)
Uplink EGPRS TBF call drop rate (%)
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Downlink EGPRS TBF call drop rate (%)

For details, refer to GPRS Traffic Statistics Analysis Guide.
7.2.2 Analysis of NSS-Related Radio Indicators

I. Paging Success Rate and Location Update Success Rate
One-time page and subsequent pages cannot be told from each other according to the Abis
interface circuit pages measured by BSC, so you are suggested to obtain the one-time paging
success rate from the MSC. If the paging success rate is low, you need to check the location
update success rate measured by the MSC and perform further analysis.
II. Signaling Load

When analyzing the A-interface signaling load measured by the BSC, you need to check the
signaling load measured by MSC. If the load is heavy, you should discuss with the customer on
whether to expand the signaling link.
III. Intra-MSC Handover Success Rate

If the inter-BSC handover success rate is low, you need to check the intra-MSC handover success
rate or inter-MSC handover success rate.
7.2.3 Analysis of Area DT and CQT and Related Suggestions

The optimized DT lines include but are not limited to the DT lines evaluated before swap. For the
convenience of comparison, you are suggested to use the same DT line, test instrument, and
vehicles for drive test. Note that the position of MS antenna and that of the vehicle mounted
station must keep consistent before and after the swap. In addition, the test should be performed at
the same time in a day.
You should perform corresponding optimization according to the drive test, and then compare the
final DT results with the predicted results. Finally, you should output a network comparison
report.
CQT should be performed for VIP areas and the network quality in the VIP areas must become
better after swap. After CQT, you need to further optimize the network.
7.2.4 After-Swap Network Maintenance

NASTAR, GSM network optimization software developed by Huawei, can be used to monitor the
daily network performance (it can output daily report, weekly report, half-monthly report, and
monthly report). In addition, NASTAR can also be used for frequency analysis, adjacent cell
analysis, performance analysis, and geographic location display.
A specialist should be arranged to update the data for NASTAR according to the change of the
network, and the specialist should check the data with the customer periodically.
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Traffic data should be sent back to the performance service platform of the regional division for
analysis and handling.
For details, see NASTAR Operation Guide.
7.2.5 Network Optimization

The following tasks are involved in network optimization:
Adjust and optimize BTS coverage area
Adjust and optimize the interference between adjacent cells or frequencies.
Set and adjust adjacent cell relationship
1)
Adjust and optimize handover parameters
Prepare dialing test for the cells in which frequency hopping is available
2)
Register traffic tasks, monitor and optimize network performance after swap, and check the
change of KPIs.
7.3 Customer Communication

When analyzing and handling network problems, you need to communicate with customers in
time, seek help from them, and notify the results to them in time.
Chapter 8 Swap Acceptance and Document

Transformation
Swap acceptance is based on equipment acceptance. Generally, rough acceptance solution should
be decided in the communication with the customer at the early stage. Swap acceptance includes
preliminary acceptance and network performance acceptance and should be implemented
following the contract strictly.
8.1 Preliminary Acceptance

After the equipment has been running normally for a period of time, you can apply for
preliminary acceptance.
The project supervisor can cooperate with the customers engineers to test some indicators during
installation and commissioning. And the test data can be used for the preliminary acceptance if it
is acknowledged by the customer. The project supervisor and the customer should perform the
preliminary acceptance together. If necessary, the customer relationship manager, service
manager, and project manager can be invited to join the acceptance.
The customers signature is required for each test item included in the preliminary test.
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For the problems which have not been solved yet, you should communicate with the product
manager of the corresponding representative office on them. And the problems cannot be recorded
in the acceptance report. Instead, they should be0020recorded in the project memo.
On the completion of the preliminary test, the customer should leave signature and seal on the
project completion acceptance certificate and system preliminary acceptance certificate.
8.2 Network Performance Acceptance

After the network is monitored for a period of time and all online problems are solved, you can
perform network performance acceptance together with the customer.
Network optimization acceptance is divided into traffic statistical acceptance and drive test
acceptance. Before the test, you should collect and evaluate network information in advance and
make rational acceptance standard based on the evaluation. If the network to be accepted is large,
you can divide the network into several smaller areas and preformed the acceptance accordingly.
For details, refer to RPO202-04 Network Optimization Acceptance Standard and Method (G).
8.3 Document Transformation

On the completion of whole swap acceptance, you should transform the documents for
engineering, acceptance, and maintenance to the customer.
Chapter 9 Swap Risk Analysis

GSM network swap is a complex and systematic project, because the duration is long, many
products are involved, and the project scale is large. Therefore, any irrational plan and improper
operation will cause unexpected results. To control risks, this chapter introduces the methods to
predict and evaluate the risks.
From the perspective of customers, they care about the duration most. From the perspective of
Huawei, however, besides the duration, it also cares about engineering quality and cost. According
to the current experience, there are following risks:
The network indicators fail to reach the standard specified in the contract after swap.
The coverage area decreases after swap.
Network integration fails due to unavailability of transmission.
Duration delay is caused by inefficient communication.
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9.1 Network Information Collection and Risk Evaluation

9.1.1 Risks Caused by Inadequate Understanding of the Performance of
the Original Equipment
[Risk description]
The risks are caused by inadequate understanding of the performance of the original equipment.
[Solution]
You should gain a full understanding of the network before swap. If there is coverage problem,
you should test power first or communicate with the customer and marketing department on
whether to swap the network.
9.1.2 Risks Caused by Inaccurate Information

[Risk description]
The project parameters and network parameters provided by the customer may be inaccurate. As a
result, risks may happen during project implementation.
[Solution]
Before swapping the network, you should check and evaluate if the information is valid.
9.1.3 Case Study

I. Case 1: Indoor Coverage Configuration Problem
An operator uses macro cell and distribution antenna system for indoor coverage. The distribution
antenna system has no diversity receive antenna and is connected to the BTS with one feeder.
However, double CDUs are used according to Huawei BSS configuration, so two feeders must be
configured. Therefore, Huawei equipment cannot be connected to the distribution antenna system
of the old network. To solve the problem, engineers have to change the contract configuration. In
this case, SCU and CDU are used.
II. Case 2: Customer Complained that the Coverage Area Became Smaller after Huawei
Used BTS3002C to Replace Company Ns Outdoor BTS
According to on-site engineers analysis, company Ns outdoor BTS was small in size, which
looked like small BTS. Therefore, the project supervisor took it for another BTS whose power
was 10W. According to later measurement, the actual power of the BTS was 34W, but the power
of the Huawei BTS3002C was 20W.
III. Case 3: Repeaters Caused High Call Drop Rate After Swap
According to traffic statistics, the call drop rate was high for the cells covering the countryside. It
is found that these cells have repeaters. All the repeaters were wireless, some of which were
broadband repeaters, and some of which were frequency selective repeaters. The information
related to the repeaters was not fully collected before swap, so the adjacent cell relationship
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between the repeaters and neighboring cells was improperly designed. As a result, high call drop
rate occurred. Especially because of the capacity expansion or frequency change after swap, the
calls controlled by frequency selective repeaters will certainly drop.
In the following case, the call drop rate will also rise.
If a call hands over from a repeater cell to a neighbor cell under the control of the same BTS, the
path difference of the source cell and target cell is great. In this case, if the repeater cell is set to
synchronization handover cell, the TA value cannot be adjusted after handover. As a result, call
drop will easily occur. To solve the problem, you need to change the repeater cell to asynchronous
handover cell.
IV. Case 4: Coverage Area Became Smaller Due to Lacking Understanding of the
Movable BTS Used in the Original Network
The customer complained that the call quality at a road section was poor after network swap.
According to field survey, it is found that no strong cell was present within this section and the
interference between signals was serious. The call quality was still unsatisfactory even through
adjusting the antennas and frequencies of the surrounding cells. According to further analysis, the
reason was that a movable BTS was used for the coverage of this section. At last, Huawei closed
the movable BTS and installed a new BTS for this section. And the problem was successfully
solved.
V. Case 5: Frequent Intermittence Occurred After Company Ns BTS was Replaced by

Huawei BTS3006A
Huawei BTS3006A is configured with 5 PSU power supply modules and the capacity of the
standby battery is 650AH/24V. In addition, 6750W of DC power and 7500W of AC power are
available for BTS3006A. However, in that area the power supply cable was made of aluminum. In
addition, the cable was long and the loop impedance was great. Especially great power was
needed when the battery was in charge. In this case, the power supply system may not be normally
started. Since the difference between the transmit power, battery capacity, and power supply
module of the old equipment and that of the new equipment was great, the AC input power of the
original equipment was required to be lower than that of the BTS3006A. To solve the problem,
engineers reduced the AC power requirement of BTS3006A through changing the charging
current of the power supply module and battery. After that, BTS3006A ran normally.
If you meet problems of this kind later, you should check the power supply network and
communicate with the marketing engineers on the power supply requirement of Huawei
equipment.
VI. Case 6: Information of the Original Network was Not Fully Collected and Analyzed
[Problem]
It was found that the A-interface circuit is inadequate when Huawei BTS was used for a swap
project, which prolonged the project duration. To ease the traffic pressure, the related engineers
expanded the capacity of the A-interface.
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[Reason analysis]
The traffic models of the original network were not fully collected and the predict traffic volume
was inconsistent with the actual traffic volume. As a result, the capacity of the A-interface circuit
was inaccurately estimated, and thus the project duration was prolonged. Therefore, the customer
began to doubt Huawei engineers capability.
[Reflection]
The traffic information of the original network should be fully collected before swap and provide
the solutions of A-interface expansion to the customer in advance. Though it is GBSS swap, but
the information related to NSS, especially the information related to MSC should be noted and
monitored.
VII. Case 7: The Longtitude and Latitude of the BTS were Not Fully Checked
In a network swap project, engineers failed to check the longitude and latitude of the BTS fully.
After the completion of the project, it is found that the several BTSs were locating in the areas
covered by other BSCs. Therefore, the network structure was irrational. After that, the engineers
had to perform rehoming operation.
VIII. Case 8: The Mark of A-interface Was Not Verified

In an area, the customer found that the mark of the A-interface provided in the interconnection
parameter table is Phase 2, but it was Phase 2+ after network integration. If engineers do not
change the mark immediately, many problems will occur.
9.2 Project Survey, Equipment Installation and Commissioning

9.2.1 Interconnection Risks
[Risk description]
If the MSC of the original network is not provided by Huawei during GBSS swap, engineers may
find it hard to perform IOT test. In addition, if the customer conditions are not met or the
customer does not cooperate with the swap project, the engineering duration will be delayed.
[Solution]
Invite related customer relationship manager, service manager, marketing personnel, and PM
to persuade the customer to cooperate with the swap project actively.
Check the environment of the engineering field in advance to ensure that the equipment
installation and commissioning can be finished within the schedule.
Seek help from technical support engineers.
9.2.2 Problems Related to Interconnection of GBSS and G9

The following table lists the similar problems.
No.
Problem Description
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Clock
problem
caused
by
G9
BTS clock is installed outside of the UMG
integration
and IP should not be used for clock
Decrease of CSSR (call setup success
transmission.
Enhance A-interface utilization rate through
rate) caused by G9 integration.
late assignment.
9.2.3 Risks Concerning BTS Survey

[Risk description]
In some cases, the antennas of the original network can be reused, but the antenna connector does
not necessarily match the transmission connector, or the capacity of the power supply cannot meet
requirement. If the previous information is not fully checked before the launch of the project, the
project duration will be delayed.
[Solution]
You should confirm the swap project with the customer in detail. If necessary, you should survey
some of the BTSs. If there is any problem, you need to communicate the problem with the
customer and solve the problem immediately.
9.2.4 Quality Risks Caused by Project Installation Teams Engineering Level

[Risk description]
At present, many project teams are green hands. They may pursue progress while neglect the
engineering quality. And this problem is commonly seen in overseas projects.
[Solutions]
Product manager should have serious quality consciousness.
Experienced project teams are preferred.
The corresponding representative office should exert strict management on the partner.
Perform strict quality management.
Take measures to solve problems quickly and exert penalty on the responsible party if
necessary.
On-site project supervisor should perform careful self-check after engineers finish installing
the hardware and before the equipment is enabled, especially the set-top power and TRX
power must meet requirement and the cell direction must be correct.
In overseas, corresponding trainings must be provided to the local project team. The
trainings should cover operation rules and flows. And the project supervisor is responsible
for guide the project team to install the project according to rules and flows.
The project team should sample some BTSs for quality check.
The corresponding regional division and representative office should routine check the
engineering quality.
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Trainings should be provided to the project teams whose techniques have much to be
improved.
The project supervisor should cooperate with the project manager to monitor the network
quality and supervise the project team to follow swap procedures.
9.2.5 Version Risk

[Risk description]
With the evolution of GSM network, many new functions are used, such as half rate and AMR. If
engineers do not understand the functions of the original network or the functions provided in the
contract, the project delivery date may be delayed, and this is especially true at the NSS side.
[Solution]
The on-site project team should check the functions provided in the contract strictly and
communicate with the customer to understand the functions of the original network. In addition,
the features of the current version should also be thoroughly understood.
If the version is available, you can confirm the features of the version from the related
technical owner or the technical support department.
If the version is not provided, you can confirm the features of the version from the product
manager, marketing (CCM) and the general office of the regional division.
The confirmation of functions and needs should be fulfilled in the electronic process of the
requirement and commitment, and each electronic process should be monitored.
The information of the version is inconsistent with the version; you should reach an
agreement with the front marketing and R&D departments.
The plans provided in the version should be listed into the general project plan.
9.2.6 Case Study

I. Case 1: BTS Could Not Run Normally Due to GSM/CDMA Common Transmission
There was alarm generated for a cell of a BTS after network swap and the BTS could not work
normally. However, it could work normally after changeback. According to field survey, engineers
found that this BTS was used for both GSM transmission and CDMA transmission. The network
was expanded after the swap, and thus the transmission resources are inadequate. Therefore, the
BTS could not run normally.
II. Case 2: BTS Clock Synchronization Problem Cause by GSM/CDMA Common

Transmission
The clock of the GSM BTS could not synchronize the upper level clock when GSM BTS and
CDMA BTS shared common transmission. The transmission of a swap BTS passed through
CDMA BTS first, and then the timeslot integration equipment extract the transmission. However,
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because the synchronization timeslots were not provided, the clock of the GSM BTS could not
synchronize the upper level clock. As a result, the BTS could not work normally after swap.
III. Case 3: Inadequate Capacity of Reused Battery Delayed BTS Installation Progess
In a swap project, the power supply equipment of the original network was reused in the new
network. In addition, the capacity of the BTS was also expanded in the new network. After
installation, however, engineers found that the power supply equipment provided by the customer
could not meet requirement. And it cost some time for engineers to buy new power supply
equipment. Therefore, the BTS installation progress was greatly delayed.
IV. Case 4: BTS Integration Date Was Delayed Because of the Transmission Connector
Used in the Original Network Mismatched That Used by Huawei
In a swap project, engineers found that the transmission connector used in the original network
mismatched that used by Huawei. Therefore, on-site engineers must remake the E1 line, but no
SMB connector was available then. In this case, the BTS integration date was delayed.
V. Case 5: BTS Installation Schedule Was Delayed Due to Goods Distribution Problem
According to plans of swap project, the project installation should be performed immediately after
customs clearance, but the distance between sites was large, so the transportation period was long.
Therefore, the goods could not be distributed to each site in time. As a result, multiple BTSs were
integrated twice, which delayed the network swap progress. Meeting this kind of problem, the
customer made many complaints. If you meet similar situation later, you should make proper
arrangement in advance.
VI. Case 6: CIC Mistake Caused by Confusion of Transmission Labels

Engineers found that there were many CIC mistakes present at the A-interface after BSC
installation. Through analysis, engineers found that the transmission labels were totally in a mess.
Therefore, when installing cable, you should pay attention to both the quality and correctness of
the project installation.
VII. Case 7: Engineering Quality Resulted in Customer Complaints

The customer complained that the coverage area of the network became smaller after a BTS was
swapped. Through careful analysis, engineers found that the problem was related to the 1/2
jumper locating between the set top and lightening protector. As far as this swap was concerned,
most of the antennas used in the old network were used in the new network. However, the
standing wave of the 1/2 jumper was not tested. Therefore, if you meet similar problem in the
future, you need to test the standing wave ratio of the 1/2 jumper. If necessary, you can design a
work flow to ensure the operation.
VIII. Case 8: M2000 Was Not Installed in Time

In a swap project, the installation conditions for M2000 installation were not met, so it was very
hard for engineers to monitor the BTS performance and locate problems. In this case, you should
communicate with the customer on how to create mature conditions for M2000 installation.
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IX. Case 9: BTS Integration Date Was Delayed Because of the Connector of the Jumper
to Be Used Was Different from the One Provided by Huawei
In a swap project, the connector of the jumper to be used was different from the one provided by
Huawei, so it cannot be connected to the lightening protector of Huawei. Therefore, on-site
engineers must remake the connector, but no auxiliary equipment was available then, so the
integration date was delayed. If you meet similar situations in the future, you need to confirm if
the connector is available before in advance.
9.3 Network Planning and Optimization Risk

9.3.1 Risk Related to Network Indicators
It is a common problem that the network indicators may become worse after BTS swap.
[Risk description]
The network quality may become worse after the swap of the local network from the perspective
of the following four aspects:
The network quality is really poor.
The customer thinks that the network quality is poor.
The customer thinks that the network should be optimized when faced with the pressure
from the indicator requirement.
Other equipment problems make the network quality worse.
[Solution]
Before swapping the network, you should collect the necessary data and test the network in
advance together with the customer. In addition, you should perform comparison test after swap.
Furthermore, you should optimize the network if necessary.
To make the comparison more effective, you can obtain the important indicators of original
network from the customer one month before the swap.
If the antennas of the original network need to be reused, you should test the standing wave ratio
of the antennas before swap. In addition, you should also pay attention to the operation of other
related equipment, such as MSC.
Meanwhile, you should guide the customer to believe in the equipment provided by Huawei and
pursued the customer to accept that the problem can be solved through network optimization.
9.3.2 Coverage Risk

It is the greatest risk that may happen during network swap.
[Risk description]
The coverage area of the network may become smaller after network swap, especially the
coverage area of the BTSs in suburban areas, countryside, and roads may become much smaller.
[Solution]
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You must record the set-top power of the original BTS and configure the Huawei BTS
accordingly. If the set-top power of the Huawei BTS is lower than that of the original BTS, you
can apply two EDUs, two CDUs, and 60WTRX to the downlink, and apply tower mounted
amplifier to the uplink.
If receiving customer complaints, you can compare the set-top power before and after network
swap, and then locate the problem.
9.3.3 Inadequate Test before Swap

The network integration acceptance test may be affected if the test is inadequate before swap.
To avoid the risk, you should fully understand the coverage and performance of the original
network and design applicable network swap plan according to basic data.
9.3.4 Frequency Planning Risk

If the frequency planning is irrational or the frequencies are inadequate in the original network,
you should adopt new methods to plan the frequencies in the new network; otherwise the
frequency planning will turn out to be a difficult task. In this case, you should communicate with
the customer if new frequencies are to be added to the new network. If new frequencies are not
required, you should lower the customers expectation towards the network quality during the
network swap. Note that the parameters of the original network should be used for the swap.
Meanwhile, TRX capacity can be expanded and new sites can be established along with the
network swap. On the completion of the swap, you can plan the frequencies for the overall
network.
9.3.5 Risk Related to Traffic Volume

The traffic volume may become lower after swap, and the reasons are as follows:
The BTS set-top power becomes lower.
The antenna performance becomes worse.
Parameters are irrationally set.
The subscriber number changes.
The methods measuring the traffic volume vary with operators.
9.3.6 Case Study

I. Case 1: BSC Traffic Volume Decreased Sharply After the Swap of Operator As BSS
System
The reason of this problem was that operator A and Huawei used different methods to measure
BSC traffic volume. In fact, the traffic volume measured at MSC was higher after swap.
II. Case 2: Problems Caused by Imcomplete Parameter Collection

[Risk Description]
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The coverage area became smaller after operator Ns large-configuration BTS was replaced by
Huawei equipment in an urban area. In addition, the signals fluctuated greatly after swap.
[Reason Analysis]
The information the original equipment, such as BTS configuration, combiner mode, and antenna
number, were incompletely colleted before swap. After swap, the customer complained that the
combiner loss of Huawei equipment was greater than that of the original equipment, but the settop power of Huawei equipment was lower than that of the original equipment. Based on
negotiation with the customer, engineers strengthen the coverage through adding antennas and
PBU to the network and changing the BTS type.
[Reflection]
All the parameters of the original network must be colleted before network swap.
III. Case 3: Frequency Interference Was Generated Because of the Coverage Area of a
BTS Was Enlarged After Swap.
The reason was that engineers failed to have an overall understanding of the original network.
Huawei 80W BTS was used to replace the operator Ns 40W BTS, but the frequencies of the
original network was still used in the new network, so frequency interference was generated.
IV. Case 4: Paging Success Rate Was Low Because of the Configuration Parameters of
the Original Network Were Imcompletely Collected
The one-time paging success rate became lower after network swap. Through careful test and
analysis, engineers found that the operator Ns BTS did not control RACH minimum access level
but supported paging retransmission, so the one-time paging success rate was low.
Therefore, the information of the original network should be fully understood and analyzed. To
solve the previous problem, engineers can set the RACH minimum access level to 0-1.
V. Case 5: Problem Related to CRO Setting

The network ran normally after integration, but the customer complained that it was difficult to
make calls suddenly. Through careful analysis, engineers found that the CRO was set to 0. To
solve the problem, engineers integrated the BTS to another BSC and set the CRO to the default
value.
VI. Case 6: Call Drop Rate Became Higher After Swap

The call drop rate was doubled after network swap in an area. Test found that the original
equipment provider used different standard to measure call drop rate.
9.4 BSS Integration and Monitoring Risk

9.4.1 Risk Relate to BSS Integration Solution
[Risk description]
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A swap project was characterized by short duration, large service volume, and complex
networking, so engineers found it hard to write down the integration solution, which may cause
potential risk.
[Solution]
The integration solutions must be written down.
All aspects concerned should considered into the integration solutions.
The integration solutions should be detailed enough.
The integration solutions should be reviewed.
Customers are required to participate into the solution design.
The solutions should be prepared in advance.
9.4.2 Risk Related to BTS Pre-integration

[Risk description]
If the pre-integration is not performed, potential risk may occur, because Huawei equipment and
the MSC of the original network cannot necessarily cooperate with each other well.
[Solution]
Both network pre-integration and network integration are key points for network swap, so the
network pre-integration cannot be omitted. If the network pre-integration is perfectly done,
customers will be more confident in Huaweis engineering capability.
9.4.3 Risk Related to Transmission Commissioning

The transmission commissioning is one of the keys to the success of network integration.
[Risk description]
In some cases, the transmission commissioning workload is heavy at the integration night. The
integration progress will be affected if the transmission commissioning speed is low.
[Solution]
Hereunder lists the technical-based solutions:
Test the trunk with E1 card to ensure that the trunks are correctly connected. If necessary,
you can confirm the transmission and CIC for each line and paste label on each line.
Block half of the trunks before integration and unlock them after integration.
Paste labels on the trunks needing intermediate connection.
Simulate and practice pre-integration.
Connect the lines with transmission to avoid signaling congestion.
Arrange a specialist to check the previous operations.
Hereunder lists the non-technical solutions:
Notify related affairs to the customer in advance
Plan the integration progress according to customers transmission adjustment capability.

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Apply for more time for transmission commissioning and integration from the customer.
Participate into each responsibility matrix actively.
9.4.4 Risk Related to BTS Integration

[Risk description]
BTS integration is a complex task, and any improper operation will result in integration failure.
[Solution]
Hereunder lists the solutions:
Integrate the BTSs by batch and fully consider the BTS location and adjacent cell
relationship.
Discuss the integration solutions with related parties fully and organize the exports for the
HQ of Huawei to review the solutions.
Set up a coordination team.
Make sure each BTS is debugged before integration.
Find the responsible person for each component and arrange a specialist to check if all the
components are available.
Check all the tables needed for the integration, such as BTS project parameter table, BTS
antenna jumper description table, integration time table, etc.
Set up emergency team.
Make related data and simulate the integration.
Create a channel through which engineers can communicate with the customer freely.
Strengthen the project management capability.
Paste labels on the jumpers of the original BTS.
Analyze BSS KPIs and core network KPIs during integration.
Test the dialing test function.
Organize experts from the HQ of Huawei to support the integration and ensure free
communication between experts and on-site engineers.
Optimize and adjust network parameters to ensure network quality.
The parameters of the original network and that of the new network should be consistent
with each other.
9.4.5 Emergency Problems Related to BSC Integration

[Risk description]
Generally, BSC integration should be finished in advance. If emergency problems occur at the
integration night, the whole BSC integration will fail.
[Solution]
You can test the BSC in detail beforehand. If emergency problem occur, you can seek help from
technical support engineers to locate the problem as soon as possible. For further analysis, BSC
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supervisor should monitor and save the data such as interface messages and BTS log. If the
problem cannot be solved in time, you should change the data back to recover normal
communication. For details, see BSC Emergency Guide.
9.4.6 Handling of Abnormal Conditions during BTS Integration

I. BTS One-time Integration
The BTSs under the control of the same BSC can be integrated into the new network in one time.
To achieve this goal, engineers should design rigid plans. The VIP sites covering indoor
environment and remote areas should be integrated during day time, and the sites covering urban
areas should be integrated at about 00:00.
II. Antenna Problem Happened During BTS Swap

Generally, the antenna system of the original network can be reused, so you should test the
standing wave ratio of the old antennas to see if there is any problem. If the old antennas cannot
be reused, you should handle the problem immediately. If the antennas are inversely connected,
you need to correct the connection in time. If the standing wave ratio of the antennas is great, you
can consider remake the connector or change the feeder.
III. Repeater Reutilization Problem

If a repeater is attached to the BTS to be swapped, the repeater can be reused after swap. If the
frequency of this BTS needs not to be changed, you do not have to adjust the repeater either. If the
frequency of the BTS changes, you should modify the frequency parameters of the repeater.
IV. Indoor Distribution System Problem

Generally, the indoor distribution system can be reused. After the replacing the original BTS,
Huawei BTS is responsible for providing the signals for the indoor distribution system. Note that
the related transmission and antenna connectors are available.
V. VSWR Alarm Handling

The standby connectors must be available at the swap night. In addition, you should notify the
movable team to use instrument to test if the VSWR alarm is true.
VI. Inverse Connection of Antenna

You should install project following the project parameters and design strictly and use MS to test
if the cell direction is correct. If finding that the antenna is inversely connected, you should take
measures to solve this problem immediately.
VII. Abis Interface Error

Both the BTS operation and Abis interface should be tested after integration. The BTS installation
personnel should confirm the CGI through the local maintenance console or check if the CGI is
correct through test MS.
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9.4.7 Case Study

I. Case 1: Monitoring Traffic Statistics After Integration Prevented Problems from
Spreading
[Problem]
On the next day after network swap, engineers found that there was traffic volume in a cell, but no
call was present.
[Reason analysis]
Through checking channels, engineers found that the SDCCHs were in idle state. After changing
TRX, engineers found that the cell worked normally. Therefore, you should closely monitor the
important traffic statistics of the site after swap the next after swap to prevent the potential
problems from spreading.
II. Case 2: The Speed for the MS to Access the Network Was Slow Due to Clock Problem
Engineers found that the speed for the MS to access the network was slow in a site. First
engineers thought that the problem was present at the BSC. Through further analysis, engineers
found that UMG and Msoft3000 were located in different places, but the network was organized
according to IP. Therefore, the UMG could not obtain precise clock from IP transmission, which
resulted in BSC problem. As a result, the speed for the MS to access the network was slow.
9.5 Acceptance Risks

9.5.1 Risk Related to Customer Communication
[Risk description]
The acceptance items were not specified in the contract in detail. Because the engineers did not
communicate with the customer fully in advance, the acceptance speed was slow, so the date for
the equipment to access the network was delayed.
[Solution]
If the acceptance items were clarified in the contract, engineers should perform the acceptance
following the contract strictly. If some acceptance items were not specified in the contract,
engineers should communicate with the customer and obtain the customers written confirmation.
9.5.2 Risk Related to Acceptance Test before Integration

[Risk description]
The customer will perform acceptance test before integration. According to past experience,
engineers download the related acceptance manuals from http://support.huawei.com for the
customer, and the customer performs the test with the help of the manuals. However, the manual
update rate is relatively slow. Therefore, if the customer performs the acceptance test following
the manuals strictly, many test items will be unqualified.
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[Solution]
Engineers should read the acceptance manuals beforehand and make corresponding correction. In
addition, engineers should accompany the customer with the acceptance test. If any problem is
found engineers should feed it back to the related personnel and correct the acceptance manuals
accordingly.
9.5.3 Case Study

I. Case 1: Acceptance Test Could Not be Performed Because the Acceptance Standards
Were Not Designed in Detail
The acceptance standards were not detailed in the contract, so the customer always created
difficulties for the engineers during the test.
In fact, there were a number of similar cases. To solve the problem, engineers should detail the
acceptance standards in the contract and communicate with the customer as early as possible.
II. Acceptance Progress Was Slow Because the Distance between BTSs Was Large
In an area, the distance between BTSs was large, so it cost test engineers lot of time on road. In
this case, the acceptance progress was affected.
To solve the problem, engineer should perform the acceptance test at the network optimization
stage with the company of the customer.
9.6 Non-technical Risk Analysis

9.6.1 Risk Related to Contract Items
At present, many contracts are not made scientifically. For example, the contract configuration is
incorrect, the KPI commitment is irrational, the engineering duration is too short, the acceptance
items are vague, and the service price was low.
To control the contract effectively, pre-sales department should participate into the contract
review. At the pre-sales stage, you should fully communicate with the marketing staff and
organize all the personnel concerned to review and clarify the contract.
After the contract is signed, you should evaluate the contract and find out solutions to potential
problems.
Some customers may require changing the contract. In this case, you cannot agree with or refuse
the customer directly. Instead, you should consult the related marketing personnel first.
9.6.2 Risk Related to Project Duration Risk

[Risk description]
Generally, the project duration is short, which may generate potential problem.
[Solution]
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Prepare the related resources in advance.
Make a detailed plan
Spend some of your spare time on the work if necessary.
Implement task parallel.
Seek help from others
9.6.3 Management Risk

[Risk description]
Generally, a swap project involves multiple roles, including PM, Huawei BSC engineers, RNP
engineers, partners, RNO partners, customers, technical support experts, representative offices,
project supervisor, and other equipment providers. Therefore, how to manage these roles
effectively is problem.
[Solution]
Hereunder lists four solutions.
1)
Cooperation between network planning and project
Huawei should adapt its networking planning solutions to the local network. The network
adjustment suggestions provided by the RNO teams should be put into practice after confirmed by
both the customers RNO owner and Huawei RNO owner. If you need the customers cooperation
or modify parameters in MSC, you should prepare corresponding application document. If the
customer or BSS engineers are responsible for the adjustment, you should require them to feed
back the adjustment results. RNO engineers are not allowed to change the BTS configuration by
their own, and RNP engineers are not allowed to change the RNO parameters by their own.
Therefore, the responsibility matrix of the RNO team and RNP team should be clearly defined.
The project team should notify the problem handling progress to the RNO team.
2)
Subcontractor Management
Have an understanding of each subcontractors engineering capability before beginning the

network. Generally, you should know the experiences, knowledge, team number, vehicles,
and basic instrument owned by the subcontractor.
Set up project report and monitoring system.
Pay more attention to manage teams whose engineering capability is relatively poor.
Keep a good relationship with the engineering team.
Convey responsibility to each person in the contract.
Set up a unified database and report template if multiple subcontractors are responsible for
the project.
3)
Customer cooperation
Full communication with the customer must be implemented. If necessary, you should prepare
written document for customer cooperation.
4)
Supervisor management
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Supervisor connects the customer to Huawei, so you should fully communicate with the
supervisor. In some cases, the supervisor can help you manage the engineering team. Therefore,
supervisor management should be properly and strictly implemented.
9.6.4 Risk Related to Communication

[Risk description]
If the communication is not smooth and the responsibility matrix is not divided clearly,
unnecessary conflicts will occur and project duration may be prolonged.
[Solution]
The project manager plays a very important role in the project, so a project manager should have
both network planning skill and communication skill. The communication system should be
perfectly established. For example, weekly report and daily report should be submitted to the
customers manager.
Within the project team, daily report and weekly report system should be implemented. In
addition, the members of the project team should fix a period of time to communicate with
each other in a week. The daily report includes project progress, difficulty, and support
needed. The weekly report also includes the project progress in terms of a week, difficulty,
support needed, next weeks plan, etc.
Communicate with the related leaders of the representative office on the project. If there is
emergent problem, you should communicate with the leaders immediately.
Communicate with the customer through meetings, weekly report, and summary report. The
customer is expected to know the progress, difficulty, and future plans related to the project.
Note that the engineers responsible for customer communication should be fixed and the
communication with the customers senior management team should be emphasized.
Feed back the field conditions to Huawei according to working flows. If necessary, you can
organize the related departments and engineers to have meetings to solve serious problems
together.
9.6.5 Risk Related to Contract Implementation

[Risk description]
According to some contracts, the antennas, transmission, and power supply should be swapped
together with the equipment, but the customer may require that the equipment should be installed
at the position where the original cabinet located. In this case, it will be difficult for block
integration, which will prolong the integration time and affect network indicators; especially the
handover will be seriously affected. Sometimes MSC A-interface will not be expanded, so BTS
integration always carries A-interface integration. If the BSC is frequently adjusted, the stability
and quality of the network will be affected.
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[Solution]
You are suggested to communicate with the customer on the detailed integration solution to win
the customers agreement. In addition, you ensure that the manpower, project supervisor, and
engineering team are available in advance. You are not suggested to assign multiple BTSs for a
project team.
9.6.6 Risk Related to Work Flow

[Risk description]
If the project team do not follow the swap procedures made by Huawei but follow their own
manner to implement the project, great potential problems may be generated.
[Solution]
Engineers should be familiar with the work flow and follow the flow strictly.
New comers should learn from experienced engineers.
Self-reflection is encouraged.
Feed back the customers extra requirement to the related party and any self-reply is
forbidden.
9.6.7 Case Study

I. Case 1: Customers Senior Management Team Sent Complaints to Huawei Marketing
Department Because Engineers Did Not Report the Problem Handling Result in Time
[Problem description]
Customers senior management departments complained about echo problem to bidding
department directly.
[Reason Analysis]
Engineers from cooperation partners were in charge of the echo problems, but they did not notify
the processing progress to customers, so customers thought that the project was not paid enough
attention to. Considering the seriousness of the complaint, representative offices established a
special group to solve the problem. After four weeks effort, engineers found that circuit from the
local exchange to the site A had been adjusted recently and there were two E1 Loop backs. That is
why the echo problem occurred. In addition, Huawei engineers reported the processing progress
to customer senior management departments every week. After the problem was solved, Huawei
engineers submitted a formal report to customers. After that, customers doubt towards Huawei
gradually changes.
[Reflection]
Problems should be solved in time and real-time communication with customers should be
emphasized.
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II. Case 2: Customer Complained About the Document Problem

In a swap project, engineers failed to consider customers cooperation needs. The document
submitted to the customer was modified for several times, which was greatly to the unsatisfactory
of the customer.
III. Case 3: Important Cooperation Affairs Should be Confirmed by the Customers

Senior Management Team at the Project Coordination Meeting
The customers engineers promised Huawei that they could perform secondary shipment by their
own, but the vice president refused it, which delay the duration and increased cost.
The project coordination meeting is rather important to Huawei, so you should invite the
customers senior manager to participate into the meeting. The cooperation affairs should be
submitted to representative offices for review.
IV. Case 4: Shortage of Project Duration Made the Swap Plan in a Mess.
The customer required a swap to be finished in a shorter time than planned, which made the swap
plan in a mess. As a result, the network quality was greatly affected and customers always
complained about network problems. To solve the problems, Huawei explained the reasons to
customers and guides them to accept the planned swap strategies. Results proved that the planned
strategies were applicable.
V. Case 5: Hastened Progress Caused Secondary Integration

In a swap project, multiple BTSs could not connect to the planned BSC directly due to various
reasons, such as hastened progress, limit of transmission progress, and low speed of BSC
establishment. As a result, the network structure was in a mess. Therefore, the secondary
integration was a must. As for the second handover, however, it both added up to the workload
and brought quality risk to the network.
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Appendix: Reference Document Catalog and Network

Integration Checklist
9.7 Reference Document Catalog
All the reference documents are provided in http://support.huawei.com/. You can download the
one you need from the website.
9.8 Network Integration Checklist

9.8.1 BSC Service Test
Note that if the test results are abnormal, you need fill in the remark in the following table.
No.
Test Item
Basic service
Sub-item
Location
when
update
the
powered
Conclusion
MS
is
on
Normal
Evaluation Standard
1) Location update succeeds and MS can
access network successfully.
Abnormal
or
Remark
2) The complete location update procedure
powered off.
can be seen through the window

monitoring Um interface, Abis interface,
and A-interface.
Call service
Both
calling
party
Normal
Call is successfully made and there is no
Abnormal
one-way audio, cross talking, and echo.
Call made between
Normal
MS and fixed phone
Abnormal
Extended cell call test
Normal
Abnormal
Normal
Short message can be sent, received, and
Abnormal
displayed correctly.
Normal
1) Intra-cell handover is successfully made
Abnormal
2) There is record for successful intra-cell
and called party are

MSs.
3
Call service
Call service
Short
MS
sends
and
message
receives
service
message
Handover
Intra-cell handover
short
service
handover according to traffic statistics.

7
Handover
Overlay-to-underlay
Normal
1)
IUO handover is successfully made.
service
handover
Abnormal
2)
There is record for successful IUO

handover according to traffic statistics.
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8
Handover
Inter-cell
service
within BSC

handover
Normal
1)
Inter-cell handover within BSC is

successfully made.
Abnormal
2)
There is record for successful inter-cell

handover within BSC according to
traffic statistics.
Handover
Inter-BSC handover
Normal
service
1)
Inter-BSC handover is successfully

made.
Abnormal
2)
There is record for successful interBSC handover according to traffic

statistics.
10
Basic service
Dual band network
Normal
1)
MS can perform location update in the

dual band network.
Abnormal
2)
MS can work as either calling party or

called party normally.
3)
The handover between dual band is

normal.
9.8.2 GPRS Dialing Test Checklist

No.
Test Item
1 Basic service
2
Basic service
Basic service
Sub-item
Conclusion
If the MS attach Normal
Evaluation Standard
Remark
Check if the service is normal through
function is normal. Abnormal

If the MS PDP Normal
spot test and drive test.

activation
function Abnormal
is normal.
If the MS
cell Normal
update is normal.
Abnormal

spot test and drive test. Note that the
tests should be performed during and
Basic service
Basic service
If the MS routing Normal
after cell update.

area
spot test and drive test. Note that the
Basic service
2015-11-16
is Abnormal
normal.
tests should be performed during and
If the MS can enjoy Normal
after cell update.

services
such
6
update
normally, Abnormal
as
www
service.
If the MS service Normal
Record and analyze the MS service rate
rate is normal.
through PING and FTP service.
Abnormal
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9.8.3 A-interface Dialing Test Checklist

PCM
Module
FTC
BSC
Transmis Starting
Terminat Test Results
Problem
Problem
No.
Board
DDF
sion DDF
ing CIC
Timeslot
CIC
NO.
Port No.
Port No.
CIC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Note:
For each blank, if the test result is normal, mark the blank with ; and if the test result is abnormal, mark the
blank with , and write down the abnormal timeslot and CIC number.
9.8.4 Abis Interface Dialing Test Checklist

BSC Name:
Owner:
Test Time:
Abis Interface Dialing Test Checklist
Trans
Modul
e No.
BIE
BIE
Group
Port
No.
No.
Succe
BSC-
missio
DDF
BTS
Port
DDF
Name
No.
Port
Confi
gurati
on
No.
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Norm
al
Board
Initiali
State
zation
Chann
el
State
ss
Chann
Locati
el
on
Dialin
Updat
g Test
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9.8.5 BTS Radio Channel Dialing Test Checklist
Site No.
Site Name
Site Type
Site
Test Result
Configurati
Problem TRX Problem

No.
Remark
Timeslot No.
on
Note:
The site number, site name, site type (such as BTS30), and configuration type (S3/3/3) must be recorded if they
are tested. Each TRX and each timeslot of a site must be tested. If the test result is normal, mark the blank with
; and if the test result is abnormal, mark the blank with , and write down the abnormal timeslot and CIC
number.
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