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A computer network is which two or more computers linked in order to share

information and other stuffs, there are many types of computer networks below
some are given:
LAN
MAN
WAN

Network topology means that how the nodes are placed and connected
with each other; alternately and there are two types of network topology
and they are:
Network architecture refers to the layout of the network, consisting of the hardware,
software, connectivity, communication protocols and mode of transmission, such as
wired or wireless. Its operational principles and procedures, as well as data formats
used in its operation. ,
There are two type of architecture in Network Technology,
Network architecture, is the logical and structural layout of the network consisting of transmission
equipment, software and communication protocols and infrastructure (wired or wireless)
transmission of data and connectivity between components.

Network architecture means how the network is set up, wired or wireless
network, which type of network is used such as LAN, WAN, MAN or
whatever, the way how they have kept their devices (Bus, ring, star, tree
or mesh), types of devices that are used, is called as Network
architecture. The following are the two types of architecture:

Client / Server Architecture


Peer to Peer Architecture

Client-server architecture (client/server) is a network architecture in which each computer or process on the network is either
a client or a server. Servers are powerful computers or processes dedicatedto managing disk drives (file servers), printers (print
servers), or network traffic (network servers ). Clients are PCs or workstationson which users run applications. Clients rely on
servers forresources, such as files, devices, and even processing power.
Another type of network architecture is known as a peer-to-peerarchitecture because each node has equivalent responsibilities.
Both client/server and peer-to-peer architectures are widely used, and each has unique advantages and disadvantages.
Client-server architectures are sometimes called two-tier architectures.

Client/server architecture is a computing model in which the server hosts, delivers and manages most of the resources and
services to be consumed by the client. This type of architecture has one or more client computers connected to a central server
over a network or Internet connection. This system shares computing resources.
Client/server architecture may also be referred to as a networking computing model because all the requests and services are
delivered over a network
Client/server architecture is a producer-consumer computing architecture where the server acts as the producer and the client as a
consumer. The server houses and provides high-end, computing-intensive services to the client on demand. These services can
include applications access, storage, file sharing, printer access and/or direct access to the servers raw computing power.
.
The type of computing system in which one powerful workstation serves the requests of other systems, is an example of client
server technology. A computer network is an interconnection of computers which share various resources.
In a client server architecture, two types of computers are connected, one is clients while the other one is server, server is the
computer which has more power in order to operate and prevent from unauthorized people while the clients are the computers
which request information and the place where some types of applications are run.
An architecture in which the user's PC (the client) is the requesting machine and the server is the supplying machine, both of which
are connected via a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet. Throughout the late 1980s and
early 1990s, client/server was the hot buzzword as applications migrated from minicomputers and mainframes with input/output
terminals to networks of desktop computers.
With ubiquitous access to company LANs and the Internet, almost everyone works in a client/server environment today. However,
to be true client/server, both client and server must share in the business processing. To understand this principle, follow the
examples below of a query to a hypothetical database of a million records, each 1,000 bytes long. Notice the amount of data flowing
over the network.

Client-server architecture (client/server) is a network architecture.

Proper administration, where admin can control and protect the clients.
High security.
Private information can be sent from one to another client.
Can set up common devices for all clients such as printers, scanners and more.
Back-up and recovery is possible as the files are stored in server machines.
Can provide limitations for clients if necessary.
Specific users can be assigned for specific works.

Appropriate Management
Backup and Recover possibility
Remote Accessibility
Easy maintenance
Data Processing capability despite the location
Easy Upgradation
Low Security Issues

Centralized Control
Appropriate Management
Low Security Issues
Server can play different parts or roles to different clients
Remote Accessibility
Backup and Recover possibility
Easy Upgradation and Scalability

Appropriate Manaagement
High security
Backup and Recover possibility
Easy to Maintenance
Centralized Control
Remote Accessibility
Improved data sharing

Overloaded servers.
High cost
High Cost
Need Proper IT Professional to Maintain
High Network Load
Server down cause to Entire Network Down.

If the server computers get shut down, the whole thing will go off.
Cost a lot to build.
More devices needed while building this architecture such as routers, switches and
more.
To administrate this architecture, the person should have a good knowledge.
Time has to be scheduled for updating or upgrading.
Not that easy to upgrade or fix server machines if something goes wrong.

High Cost to build


Need proper IT Professional to Maintain
Overloaded servers
Not easy to upgrade or fix
Server down cause to entire network down

A definition or format that has been approved by a recognized standards organization or is accepted as a de facto
standard by the industry. Standards exist for programming languages, operating
systems, data formats, communications protocols, and electricalinterfaces.
From a user's standpoint, standards are extremely important in thecomputer industry because they allow the
combination of products from different manufacturers to create a customized system. Without standards,
only hardware and software from the same company could be used together. In addition, standard user
interfaces can make it much easier to learn how to use newapplications.
Most official computer standards are set by one of the following organizations:

In its simplest form, a peer-to-peer (P2P) network is created when two or more
PCs are connected and share resources without going through a separate server
computer. A P2P network can be an ad hoc connectiona couple of computers
connected via a Universal Serial Bus to transfer files. A P2P network also can be
a permanent infrastructure that links a half-dozen computers in a small office over

copper wires. Or a P2P network can be a network on a much grander scale in


which special protocols and applications set up direct relationships among users
over the Internet.
Alternatively referred to as a P2P network, a peer-to-peer
network is a network that does not have a central computer or
dedicated server; in other words, all computers are independent. This
network is what you would most likely find in home networks or small
networks comprised of a dozen or less computers.

Peer to peer network is created when two or more computers are connected and share resources without having
central computer or dedicated server. It has Advantages as well as Disadvantages also.

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