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uGefysLwm*sme,f
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 13


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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 23


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

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26 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 27


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tultnDvufcHvdkoljzpfjzpf? Economist Debate


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30 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
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tqdkyg setting awGudk ydwf,l&ygvdrfh rdrd headphone awGu ay:xGuf w,f/ 'Dudpöu solidstate cache 'DZkdif;
r,f/ 'Dvkyf&yfawGu player &JU DSP vmwJhtoH&JU volume u MP3 player twGuf qdkvdkjcif;r[kwfygbl;/ Hrad
chip udk tvkyy f akd wG vkyaf pjyD; bufx&D wpfckvHk; toHk;jyKaewJhpGrf;tif&JU yrmP disk toHk;jyKolrsm;twGufom jzpfyg
udkvnf; ydkjyD; tm;pkdufapw,f/ eJY wkduf½dkuftcsKd;us jzpfaeapw,f/ w,f/ 'Dvdk shuffle feature oHk;jcif;eJY
vufawGY prf;oyfcsuft& Sam- Samsung YP-Q1 udk volume yrmP play list udk oH;k jcif;jzifh tqdy
k g tvky½f yI f
sung YP-Q1 player wpfvHk;rSm 'Dvdk 66 &mckdifEIef;uae tjynfhwifjyD; oHk; rIvnf; oufomoGm;apEkdifygw,f/
digital effect awGudk ydwo f ;kH jcif;tm;jzifh MunfhwJhtcg bufx&Dtm;udk 6 em&Dpm OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,&f )D
bufx&D toHk;jyKcGifh 10 em&Dausmf Mum qHk;½HI;oGm;wm awGY&w,f/ wu,fvdkY [Ref: PC Pro March 2009]
ydk&oGm;apw,f/ jyifytoH qlnv H Ykd rMum;&wJh tajctae
rsKd;&Sdae&if aw;oHvHkwJh wefzdk;MuD;MuD;
Bit-rate eJY battery life udk canal-phone udktoHk;jyKoifhw,f/
csed cf eG v
f Qm cs,jl cif;
Bit-rate jrifhrm;wJh MP3 file eJY
audio formats rvGwfwJh toHawGu uGefysLwm*sme,f
bog-standard 128 K files awGxuf
aumif;w,f/ 'gayr,fh tJ'DtwGuf
cache qDudk ydkY&wJhpGrf;tif ydkvdkw,f? trSwf 197 (c)? yxrxyf? 33 vrf; (txufbavmuf)?
solid-state cache xJrSm file ydkMuD;wm
udk xdxda&mufa&muf xnfhoGif;zdkY cufcJ
ausmufwHwm;ûrdUe,f? &efukef/
ovdk hard disk drive ay:rSmqdkvnf; zke;f - 387305/
ydkjyD; tvkyfvkyf&w,f/ oGm;&if;vm&if;

50 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
New Product

NEW PRODUCT
Canon PowerShot SX10IS Oakley Split Thump MP3 sun-
tawmfav;aumif;wJh digital single lens reflex uifr&m glass
trsKd;tpm;jzpfygw,f/ txifMuD;p&m aumif;avmufwJh 20 MP3 em;axmifEi
dk w
f hJ aeumrsufreS jf zpfw,f/ pwdik v
f nf;
x optical zoom lens ygjyD; 10 megapixel t&nftaoG; &Sw d ,f/ tif r wef a umif ;
28 mm- 560 mm eJY nDrQwJhtwGuf professional orm;awG w,f / aw;*D w
tMudKuf yHkpHjzpfw,f/ ½dkufuGif;½dkufcsuf ppfaq;zdkY 2 'or 5 oDcsif;awGudk xdef;
vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdwJh LCD display ygw,f/ LCD yHkpHu csKyfay;wJhpepfawGu
vnf; swiveling vkyfEkdifw,f/ VGA resolution eJY AD', D akd wG vnf; tifrwef aumif;
½dkuful;&,lEkdifw,f/ 'gayr,fh HD t&nftaoG;&SdwJh AD'D,dk w,f/ xGufvmwJh toHt&nftaoG;uvnf; qdkzG,f&m r&Sd
awmh r[kwfbl;/ Stabilization u ta0;qHk; zoom txd avmufatmif aumif;w,f/ odkrSD;yrmP ESpfrsKd;eJY xkwfvkyf
xdef;csKyfay;EkdifpGrf;&Sdw,f/ ISO setting tjrifhqHk;txd cGifhjyK w,f/ 1GB twGuf 240 a':vmvdkY owfrSwfjyD; 2GB twGuf
ay;xm;w,f/ "mwfyHkudk tjref½dkuf udk 350 a':vmvdkYowfrSwfa&mif;csw,f/ 2GB version udk
ul;&mrSm 1 'or 6 puúefY tvGef aps;MuD;w,fvdkY qdkEkdifw,f/ oufaomifhoufomeJY ½dI;
twGif; ½dkufEkdifzdkY tqifoifh xkwfjyD; oDcsif;em;axmifcGifh&Ekdifr,fh player av;jzpfw,f/
jzpfaeapw,f/ wpfpuúefYrSm rsufrSefukdif;u ywåmESpfcsufeJY pDrHxm;w,f/ MP3/M4A eJY
1 'or 4 yHk ½dkufEkdifw,f/ DRM-encoded WMA file tygt0if format awmfawmfrsm;
owfrSwf a&mif;aps;u 590 rsm;udk cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,f/ tm;wpfMudrf jznfhxm;&if wpfquf
a':vm jzpfw,f/ wnf; 7 em&DMum em;qifEidk wf ,f/ uGeyf sLwmeJY qufo,
G af qmif
&GufzdkY USB connection oHk;Ekdifw,f/
Casio Exilim EX-FH20
oGufoGufvufvuf jrefjref "mwfyHk½dkuf,lcsifw,fqdk&if Creative Sound Blaster
awmh Casio Exilim EX-FH20 u taumif;qHk;jzpfaeyg iTunes uwpfqifh music awGukd cHpm; em;qifr,fo h al wG
vdrrhf ,f/ 9.1 megapixel t&nftaoG;&Sjd yD; 20x optical zoom twGuf creative u xkwfvkyfay;vkdufwJh Sound Blaster
lens wyfxm;ay;w,f/ Zoom tm;MuD;rm;vSayr,fh non-SLR jzpfw,f/ aw;*DwoDcsif;awGudk MudK;rJhpepfeJY stream vkyfaprSm
uifr&mtrsKd;tpm; jzpfw,f/ Stay image awGukd wpfpuúeYf rmS jzpfw,f/ iTunes uvmwJh oDcsif;awG&JU t&nftaoG;udk
tuGuf 40 txd ½dkufxnfhEkdifwJhEIef;xm;jzpfjyD; ½kyf&Sif AD'D,dk tjynfht0xdef;ay;zdkY sound card wpfcktaeeJY vkyfukdifaqmif
twGuf 1000 fps EIef;xm;eJY ½dkuful; &,lEkdifw,f/ Manual &Gufay;w,f/ uGefysLwmxJu b,fvdky½dk*&rfeJY oGif;xm;wJh
setting awGudk aumif;aumif; vkyf,lvdkY&w,f/ ISO setting music jzpfygap toHt&nftaoG; ydkaumif;atmif vkyf
tjrif h q H k ; txd a wmh ay;Ekdifw,f/ uGefysLwmrSm USB dongle taeeJY wyf
ay;rxm;bl;/ Casio xm;jyD; vku d af vsmnDaxGjzpfwhJ speaker awGqu
D kd jzpfjzpf?
u xk w f c J h j yD ; wJ h receiver wpfckqDudk jzpfjzpf
EX- F1 avmuf toHt&nftaoG; jr§ifhwif
aps;EIef;rMuD;bl;/ jyD; ydkYvTwfay;rSm jzpfw,f/
a':vm 900 eJY Creative Sound Blaster
owfrSwf a&mif;cs udk 99 a':vmeJY a&mif;csyg
cJhw,f/ w,f/

52 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
New Product

Acer S1200 Kodak ESP9


Projector eJY armfeDwmu xkwfvkyfrIrSm emrnf& vmwJh 450 a':vmeJY a&mif;cswm jzpfwJhtwGuf ueOD; &if;ESD;aiG
Acer ukrÜPDu omref playback awGxuf ydkjyD; awmufy rsm;aeaprSm jzpfay
MunfvifwJh tvif;a&mifeJY xdk;jyEkdifr,fh digital video pro- r,fh tvHk;pHk ukefus
jector udk aps;uGuf,SOfjydKifzdkY xkwfvkyfcJhw,f/ Color Boost p&dwfrSm tvGef ouf
II technology udk toHk;jyKxm;wJhtwGuf intensity ydk&oGm; omapEk d i f y gw,f /
apw,f/ Acer S1200 taeeJY 82 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdwJh tao;pm;vkyif ef;av;
display txd aumif;rGefpGm xdk;jyay;Ekdifw,f/ Brightness awGeYJ SOHO vkyif ef;
rating u 25000 Ansi Lumens &SdjyD; Contrast ratio u oHk;tjzpf txl;oifh
2000 : 1 &Sdw,f/ Displays images awG&JU t&nftaoG;udk awmfw,f/ 3 vufr
(1680 x1050) reso- t&G , f t pm; LCD
lution txd wifay; av; wyfxm;ay;w,f/ "mwfyHkawG xkwfvkyfay;wJhtcg t&nf
Ekdifw,f/ HD con- taoG; tvGefaumif;wJh "mwfyHkawGudk xkwfay;Ekdifw,f/ Du-
tent protection plexer vnf; built-in wyfqifxm;ay;w,f/ Text awGtwGuf
(HDCP) file udk yHyh ;kd vnf; taumif;qk;H taetxm;eJY&Ekid w f ,f/ ay;xm;wJh menus
aqmif&u
G af y;wJt
h wGuf uvnf; toHk;jyK&wm tvGef vG,fulapygw,f/ yHkxkwfay;wJh
digital rights man- EIef;xm;uawmh aES;aumif; aES;aerSm jzpfw,f/ Tray ESpfck
agement-proted ygw,f/ wpfcu k A4 t&G,t f pm; puúL 100 'grSr[kwf "mwfykH
video awGudk decode vkyfjyD; jyoay;Ekdifapw,f/ puúL 40 xnfhxm;EkdifjyD; aemufwpfcku 5 _7 vufr "mwfyHk
puúL t&Guf 40 xnfhxm;Ekdifw,f/
HP LP 2275 W
22 vufr t&G,ftpm; (1680 x 1050) &SdwJh armfeDwmjzpf Vuzix iWear AV 310
jyD; response time u 16 ms &SdwJh twGuf entertainment
Widescreen eJYMunfh½IEkdifr,fh AD'D,dkMunfhrsufrSef wpfrsKd;
twGuf oHk;r,fqdk&ifawmh pdwfwkdif;us jzpf rvmEkdifbl;/
jzpfw,f/ iPod screen av;eJY Munfh&wm tm;rvdktm;r&
'gayr,fh 'DZkdif;em awG? workstation power toHk;jyK olawG
jzpf&olawGtwGuf ½kyfyHkt&nftaoG;aumif;aumif;eJY MunfhEkdif
twGufuawmh txl; aumif;rGefw,fvdkYajymEkdifwJh armfeD wm
ovdk ab;vltaESmifht,Suf rjzpfapbJ wpfukd,fwnf; ½kyf&Sif
jzpfw,f/ LP2275w rSm PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment)
awGudk cHpm;Munfh½IEkdifrSm jzpfw,f/ toHtwGuf em;MuyfeJY
udk toH;k jyKxm;wJt h wGuf screen ay:u pmawGukd MumMumzwf
em;axmifEkdifw,f/ Highdefinition qdkwm
ae&ayr,fh rsufpdanmif;nmrI uif;&Sif;ovdk wdusjywfom;wJh
xuf 3D stereoscopic
pmvH;k awGeYJ jrifawGYEidk w
f ,f/ ta&mifawGuvnf; jywfom;wmrdYk
video awG u d k ½I p m;Ek d i f
wjcm; armfeDwmawGxuf wduswJhyHk&dyfawGudk awGYcGifh&EkdifrSm
w,f/ Contro-box udk
jzpfw,f/ VGA/DVI eJY Display ports awG ygvmjyD; rubber
video source eJY rsufEmS
flaps av;eJY rjrifom
atmifywd x
f m;ay;w,f/ tMum; xm;&S d w ,f /
toH k ; jyK&r,f h yg0g
owfrSwf a&mif;aps;u
twGuf AA bufx&Dudk oHk;&
399 a':vmjzpf w J h
twGuf aps;MuD;w,f w,f/ tm;enf;csufwpfckuawmh rsufESm
a&SUrSm jrifuGif;ay:EkdifapzdkY rsufrSefvdkY wyfqif toHk;jyK&wJh
vdkY xif&w,f/
tjyif omrefrsufrSefxuf tav;csdef&SdwmaMumifh oufaomifh
oufomawmh r&SdvSbl;/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;u 310 a':vm
jzpfw,f/

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 53


New Product

BeBook NEC NP61


Electrophonetic (aka E-Ink) wpfrsKd;udk toHk;jyKxm;wJh tvdktavsmuf aqmif&GufrIpepftwGuf tjynfht0 yHhydk;
e-book reader wpfck jzpfw,f/ Back light vHk;0rygay/ Text ay;xm;w,f/ owfrSwf a&mif;cswJhaps;u 1299 a':vmjzpfwJh
eJY image awGukd cloured dye eJY wifjyay;w,f/ Sony Reader twGuf aps;EIef;csKdomw,fvdkYawmh rajymEkdifygbl;/ 'gayr,fh
eJY Amazon kindle wdkYudk ,SOfjyD; open-source free book native resolution XGA (1024 x 768) &jyD; 3 'or 5 aygif
aps;uGufqDudk OD;wnf xkwfvkyfvmwmjzpfw,f/ PDF uae om av;wJt h wGuf tvG,w f ul o,f,o l mG ;Ekid wf ,f/ toH;k jyK
RTF txd formats us,fus,fjyefYjyefY cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,f/ wJhtcsdef ylaEG;rI&SdjyD; ydwfvkduf&if csufcsif;qdkovdk tat;cHjyD;
Image formats twGuv f nf; trsKd;tpm; pHo
k avmuf toH;k jyK jzpfoGm;w,f/ 4 'or 8 ayuae 44 ay tuGmta0;txd
Ekid w
f ,f/ 512 MB internal memory xnfah y;xm;jyD; SD card xdk;jyEkdifjyD; 33 vufruae 300 vufrtxd yHk&dyfudk yDyDoo
awGuv kd nf; xnfo
h ;kH cGijhf yKxm;w,f/ Lithiumion battery wyf eJY xkwfvTwfay;Ekdifygw,f/ DLP (digital light processing)
qifxm;wm jzpfw,f/ wpfMudrftm;oGif;xm;ygu pmrsufESm u 1600 : 1 &SdwJh contrast ratio eJYtwl 3000 lumens rate eJY
aygif; 7500 avmuftxd zwf½IEkdifr,fvdkY nTef;qdkxm;w,f/ xkwfay;w,f/ Set up vkyf&mrSmvnf; vG,fulw,f/ toH
owfrSwf a&mif;aps; tenf;i,fxu G jf yD; pyDumtm;enf;wmudyk J qdzk , G &f m&Syd gw,f/
u 345 a':vm
jzpfw,f/

HP Scanjet N6310 Scanner


View Sonic VX 2260 wm
ADF yg&SdwJh flexible scanner jzpfw,f/ pGrf;aqmif&nf
jrefqefoGufvufjyD; tvGefaumif;wJhaqmhzf0JawGygvmw,f/ 22 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdjyD; HD (1920 x 1080) resolu-
tion tjynfh &&SdEkdifw,f/ abmifu tvGefao;i,fjyD; jrifuGif;
toHk;jyKolawG toHk;0ifvSovdk toHk;jyK&vnf; vG,fulyg
w,f/ Business card utp A4 t&G,ftpm; documents tus,f 21 'or 5 vufrtxd cGifhjyKxm;ay;wJh armfeDwm
awGtxd csKyfxm;wJh pmtkyt f ygt0if 2400 x 2400 dpi 48 bit jzpfw,f/ tav;csdeftm;jzifh 9 'or 1 aygifom av;w,f/
device wpfctk aeeJY pGr;f aqmifay;Ekid pf rG ;f &Sw
d ,f/ t&G,t
f pm;u owfrSwfa&mif;aps;u 269 a':vmjzpfwJhtwGuf tvGef aps;
502 _ 415 _ 162 rDvDrDwm&SdjyD; tav;csdefu 6 'or 7 oufomw,fvdkY qdkEkdifw,f/ HDMI port vnf; yg&Sdw,f/
USB port awmh ryg&Sdygbl;/ tvGefao;i,fwJh 1 'or 5
uDvdkav;w,f/ ADF ygwJhtwGuf pm&Gufaygif; 50 avmuf
xnfhxm;jyD; vkyfEkdifw,f/ 35 mm negatives jzpfjzpf? 35 mm 0yf pyDumav;wpfpHk wyfqifxm;ay;w,f/ HDTV taeeJY
slides awGjzpfjzpfxnfhjyD; scan vkyfEkdifapr,fh transparency
oH;k Ekid o
f vdk gaming screen taeeJYvnf; rSw,
f El idk w
f ,f/ 2ms
response time &S d w ,f / tvif ; tm;taeeJ Y 300 cd/m 3
adaptor wpfckvnf;ygw,f/ LCD screen av;u menu udk
jyay;jyD ; Power/Scan/ ay;xm;w,f/ Grayscale performance uawmh ysr;f rQ atmuf
Copy / separate
rSmyJ &Sw d ,f/ Doom
3 udk upm;MunfhwJh
Cancel eJY Setup
cvkwfrsm;udk tcg tao;pdwf yHk
toH;k jyK&w,f/ awG x J u wcsKd U
owfrw S af &mif; aysmufaewwfw,f/
aps;u 370
a':vm jzpfw,f/

54 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
New Product

WD TV HD Media Player Amazon Kindle 2


Western Digital u xkwv f yk jf yD; 129 a':vmeJY a&mif;cscJh Kindle qdkwJh e-book reader udk ydkjyD; tqifhjrifhwJhyHkpHeJY
w,f/ WD TV HD Media Player u yDpDu digital content xkwfvkyf zdkYyGJawmif;vmolawGtwGuf Amazon u kindle 2
awGudk TV screen ay:udk tvG,fulqHk;enf;eJY jyoay;EkdifzdkY udk rsKd;qufopf yHkpHjyKjyD;xkwfvkyfvkdufwmjzpfw,f/ rlv
aqmif&Gufay;w,f/ 'DtwGuf cable MudK;awG ½Iyf½IyfaxG;axG; Kindle xuf ydkjyD; aumif;rGefwJh upgrade awGvnf; trSef
oHk;&wm wdkY? networking csdwf&wmwdkY vHk;0 uif;&Sif;oGm; wu,f ygvmygw,f/ ta&;MuD;qHk; item ESpfckjzpfwJh remov-
apw,f/ 'D box av;udk HDMI connection uwpfqifh HDTV able memory eJY tvSty 'DZi dk ;f
udk wkduf½dkufwyfqifwmjzpfjzpf? composite A/V cable u av;udk ryGef;atmif oyfoyf&yf
wpfqifh analog TV wpfv;kH udk wyfqifwmjzpfjzpf aqmif&u G jf yD; &yf &SdvSwJh carrying case av;
toH;k csEidk w
f ,f/ HD (1080p) t&nftaoG;txd yHyh ;kd aqmif&u G f wdkYudk tav;xm;xnfhay;vkduf
ay;w,f / Media w,f/ Performance uvnf;
files trsKd;rsKd;udk ydkjyD; wdk;wuf aumif;rGefvm
cGifhjyKxm;w,f w,f / Internal memory
qdkayr,fh wcsKdU udv k nf; wd;k ay;vku
d af o;w,f/
format awG r S m Built-in speakers awG vnf;
awmh wpfcg wpf ygvmw,f/ Feature topf
&H tcuftcJ &SdEkdif pufpuftjzpf Text-to-Speech
w,f/ audio reading udk awGYjrif&
w,f/
Nokia N97
3 'or 5 vufrt&G,ftpm;&SdwJh touchscreen wyf
qifxm;wJh smartphone jzpfjyD; avQmxkwfjyD; toHk;jyKEkdifwJh Logear Wirless USB-to-VGA kit
QWERTY keypad vnf; wyfqif yg&Sv d mw,f/ c&D;oGm;vm
a&;twGuf wpfae&mu wpfae&mudk nTefjyay;r,fh GPS sen- MudK;rJhpepfoHk;um yHkazmfrsufESmjyifawGqDudk ydkYay;Ekdifr,fh
sor udk toHk;jyKEkdifwJhtjyif electronic compass vnf; yg kit wpfckjzpfw,f/ yDpDuGefysLwmrSm USB qufoG,frIeJY wyf
w,f/ vufxdyfav;eJY wpfcsufwdkYvkdufwmeJY webmail awG? qifay;xm;jyD; armfeDwmqDrSm vufcH,lepfwpfckudk USB port
tD;ar;vfawGudk access vkyfEkdifwJhtjyif instant messages rS wyfxm;toHk;jyK&w,f/ yDpDuxkwfay;wJh yHk&dyfawGudk ex-
awGudkvnf; ay;ydkYvufcH,lEkdifygw,f/ Point and Find ternal monitor 'grSr[kwf TV screen awGqDudk MudK;rJhpepfeJY
qm;ApfeJYvnf; wGJzufoHk;Ekdifw,f/ wu,fh uifr&mMuD;awGrSm wGJoHk;Ekdifovdk wireless keyboard eJYvnf; wGJoHk;Ekdifygao;
toHk;jyKwJh Carl Zeiss Lens toHk;jyKxm;wJh 3MP uifr&m w,f/ Setup vkyf&mrSmvnf; ½dk;½dk;vG,fvG,fyif jzpfw,f/
ygw,f/ Landmarks twGuf information udk &,lEidk w f t
hJ jyif 'gayr,fh 'D kit av;u tjrifhqHk; resolution (1080 x1050)
Nokia Maps awGudkvnf; xnfhay;xm;yg twGuo f m cGijhf yKxm;wmjzpfwt hJ wGuf HD
ao;w,f/ HSDPA (high-speed down- resolution 1080 p eJY wGJzufvkyfukdifrIrSm
link packet pdwwf idk ;f us jzpfEidk v
f rd rhf ,fr[kwaf y/ Web
access) eJ Y content awGtwGuf streaming vkyf&mrSm
Wi-Fi jyóemwpfpw kH pf&mrQ r&SEd idk f
connection yg/ Kit wpfpHkukd
udkvnf; 229
toHk;jyKcGifh a':vmeJY
ay;xm;w,f/ a&mif;csyg
w,f/

56 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
New Product

Canon A1100is Digital Camera Creative Zen X-Fi


Canon A1100 is onf 4x Optical Zook eJY 12.1 Mega t&nftaoG;jrifh rD', D mawGukd xkwvf yk af y;Ekid w
f hJ twGuf
Pixels u yHkxGuft&nftaoG;udk aumif;apygw,f/ Smart Creative wHqy duf jkd rifvu
dk wf meJY t&nftaoG;aumif;wJh player
Auto, Easy shooting modes awG yg0ifwJh Scene Detection awG jzpfvdrfhr,fqdkwmudk vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm; od&Sdxm;MujyD;
Technology enf;ynmudk xnfhoGif;xm;jyD; response times jzpfw,f/ oHk;pGJolawGtwGuf 8GB/ 16 GB/ 32 GB qdkjyD;
tvGef jrefygw,f/ yHk&dyfrIef0g;rIeJY vufvIyf&Sm;rIudk rjzpfay: 0ifqHhrIyrmP oHk;rsKd;eJY xkwfvkyfay;w,f/ 2 'or 5 vufr
ap&efaqmif&u G x
f m;jyD; "mwfykH t&G,f (320 x 240) screen av;yg&Sjd yD; speaker udv k nf; built-
omru30fps VGA movies in wyfxm;ay;w,f/ FM radio tjzpf toHk;csvdkyguvnf;
with sound udkvnf; ½dkuful; cGifhjyKxm;w,f/ em;MuyfeJY aw;*DwoDcsif;awGudk 25 em&DMum
Edkifygw,f/ AA "mwfcJudk oHk; em;qifEkdifjyD; pyDumeJY wGJoHk;r,fqdk&if 15 em&DMumtoHk;jyKEkdif
xm;vdYk bufx&Dtm;ukew f ,f w,f/ wu,fvdkY AD'D,dk½kyf&SifawGMunfhr,fqdk&ifawmh 5 em&D
qdw k hJ tcuftcJukd rjzpfay:ap MumyJ oH;k Ekid rf mS jzpfw,f/ MP3/ WMA/AAC/WAV/Audible
yg/ 2.5 vufr LCD eJY tjym? books/WMV9/ MPEG4/DirX/XviD video eJY Jpeg for-
mats awG cG i f h j yKxm;
yef;a&mif? aiGa&miftdrfuav;u vSywJh'DZdkif;udk yHkazmfay;ae
ovdkyg/ wefzdk; 260ç000 usyf jzpfygw,f/ w,f/ Wireless LAN
tao;pdwf tcsuftvufrsm;udk NEO TECH trSwf ud k v nf ; oH k ; Ek d i f w ,f /
Streaming jzpfjzpf? con-
133? qdyfurf;omvrf;? ausmufwHwm; jrdKUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-
tent downloading jzpf
710752? 253105 odkY qufoG,far;jref;Edkifygw,f/
jzpf vkyf
Ekid w
f ,f/

Nokia E71 and Nokia E63


Keyboard tjynfhtpHkeJY t&G,ftpm; 4.49_2.24_0.39
vufrom&dSwJh vufudkifzkef;jzpfyg w,f/ tav;csdef 127 *&rf Hyundai HM - T4300E
jzpfjyD; display u 2.36 vufreJY resol 320x240 high quality 4 'or 3 vufrt&G,ftpm;&SdwJh touch-screen wyfqif
TFT QVGA yg/ csw d q
f ufzYkd&m Micro-USB eJY 2.5mm Nokia xm;wJh portable digital TV player av;jzpfw,f/ wu,fqdk
AV cofnnector yg0ifjyD; BP-4L 1500 mAh Li-Po battery udk avvdIif;Mum;u ½kyfjrifoHMum;tpDtpOfudk Munfhr,fqdk&if 3
oHk;yg w,f/ Memory taeeJY micorSD memory card slot, em&Dcw
JG pfMudrf tm;oGi;f &rSm jzpfovdk wpfMudrf tm;oGi;f xm;&if
hot swappable, max 8GB, 110MB internal dynamic record vkyfxm;wJh AD'D,dkawGudk 7 em&DcGJMum Munfh½IEkdifygvdrfh
memory wd k Y wyf q if x m;jyD ; data network ud k vnf ; r,f/ Hyundai &JU 'D player av;u 3GB yrmPtxd odkrSD;
aqmif&GufEdkifygw,f/ Messaging tjzpf SMS, Text-to- xm;Ekid w
f ,f/ Internal memory u 1GB &Sjd yD; 2GB memory
speech msg reader, MMS, Instant messaging with card udk xnfhoGif; toHk;jyKcGifhay;xm;w,f/ MP3 music
presence-enhan ced contacts eJY tD;ar;vfudkvnf; quf awGudkvnf; odkrSD; em;qifcGifh&Sdw,f/ aw;*DwoDcsif;awGudkom
oG,foHk;Edkifygw,f/ Nokia E71 u 390ç000 usyfeJY Nokia em;axmifr,fqdk&if em&D
E63 u 270ç000 usyf aygif ; 40 avmuf t xd
jzpf y gw,f / tao; toHk;jyKEkdifw,f/ Jpeg/
pdwf tcsuftvufrsm; PNG eJY bit map formats
udk NEO TECH trSwf awGudk cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,f/
133? qd y f u rf ; om Screen av;u WVGA
vrf;? ausmufwHwm;/ (480 x 272) jzpfw,f/ HM
zkef;-710752?253105 T4300E av;udk a':vm
odYk qufo,
G Ef ikd yf gw,f/ 150 eJYyJa&mif;csygw,f/

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 57


New Product

NEW PRODUCT IN YANGON


Toshiba OLP NEC PowerMate
Projector P 3050 All-in-One PC
TDP-TW95 1280 x 800 resolution &SdjyD; 15 'or 4
Toshiba &J U xl ; jcm;wJ h vufr t&G,t f pm;&Sw
d hJ W x G x wyfqifyg&Sv
d m
enf;ynmwpfck jzpfwJh DLP wJh All-in-One PC trsKd;tpm;jzpfw,f/ Pro-
Technology ud k oH k ; xm;wJ h cessor taeeJY AMD Athlar 64 x 2 Dual Core
twGuf ayghyg; vSyrI&SdjyD; ao TK 57 udk oHk;xm;w,f/ 667 MHz eJY tvkyf
aooyfoyfeJY tvGef vSywJh vkyfwJh 1GB DDR2 RAM eJY Integrated ATI
'DZikd ;f av;eJY jrifawGUEdik w
f ,f/ rD; Radeon x 1200 Video Graphic udk wGJzuf toHk;jyKapw,f/ 0ifqHhrIyrmP 250 GB &SdwJh
tvif;tm; 2200 ansi Lumise SATA Hard Drive xnfhay;xm;w,f/ 320 MB txd shared video memory txd yHhydk;
&SdjyD; resolution taeeJY 1024 aqmif&GufEdkifrSm jzpfw,f/ Slot in DVD Super Multi DL +/- R (double Layer) drive
x 768 x GA xkwfay;Edkifyg xnfhay;xm;ao;w,f/ toHtwGuf 4 channel 3:1 high definition audio udk
w,f/ yHkrSef standard resolut- cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,f/ qufoG,fa&;vkyfief;awG aqmif &GufaeapzdkY Gigabit LAN (10/100/
ion eJY oHk;aer,fqdk&if em&D 1000 M biti/sec) yg&SdjyD; MudK;rJh qufoG,frItwGuf 802.11 6/g/wireless LAN adaptor
aygif; 3500 txd toHk;jyKEdkif yg&Sdw,f/ vnfywfrIpepftwGuf Windows Vista Home Basic udk toihf wifay;xm;
jyD; resolution udk avQmo h ;kH ygu w,f/ RF wireless multimedia uD;bkwfeJY MCE Remote & Optical mouse wdkYvnf;
em&Daygif; 4000 txd toHk;jyK wpfygwnf; yg&SdvmrSm jzpfw,f/ 2.0 USB port av;ck yg&SdjyD; IEEE 1394 a/PCMCIA
EdkifrSm jzpfw,f/ MudK;rJhpepfeJY slots vnf;yg&Sdygw,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;cswJh aps;u 885ç000 usyf jzpfw,f/
qufoG,f aqmif&GufcGihfjyKxm; (tvdk&Sdygu KMD ta&mif;qdkifrSm 0,f,l&&SdEdkifygw,f/)
wJhtwGuf vkyfief;cGifrSm toHk;
jyKwJhtcg 0dkif,mMudK;awGeJY ½Iyf
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MSI N250GTS-2D512Graphicards
Model trSwfudk N 250 GTS.2 D 512
awmhay/ TDP-TW95 armf',f
twGuf jrefrmusyfaiG 11 odef; vdkY owfrSwfxm;csufeJYtnD GeForce GTS
250 graphic engine udk oH;k xm;jyD; 512 MB
0ef;usifeJY 0,f,l &&SdEdkifw,f/
GDDR3 memory wyfqif yg&Sv d mw,f/ 738
0,f , l o l t wG u f warranty
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taejzifh parts eJY sevice udpu ö kd
put function awGtaeeJY Dual-link DVI-1
wpfESpfpmtxd cGifhjyKay;xm;
w,f/ (tvd&k ydS gu Lucky Bird wdkY? DVI uae D-Sub adaptor udk oGm;EdkifwJh
VGA wdYk ? DVI uae HDMI adaptor udk oGm;Edi k w
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w,f/)
u 2200 MHz jzpfw,f/ Seaweed Blade Fan eJY yHyh ;kd aqmif&uG f ay;xm;wmjzpfwt
hJ wGuf
cooling efficiency odyfaumif;w,f/ 2560 x 1600 resolution txd display output
ay;Edkifwm jzpfwJhtwGuf *drf;upm;vdkolawG tMudKufjzpfapw,f/ DirectX version 10 udk
yHhydk; vkyfudkifay;Edkifw,f/ Bus Standard u PCI ExpressX 16 2.0 jzpfw,f/ MSI u
xkwfvkyfwJh ypönf;jzpfwmeJYtnD Solid Capacitor wdkY? Vivid image enf;ynmwdkY? DOT
Express enf;ynmwdkY toihfyg&SdvmrSm jzpfw,f/ (tvdk&Sdygu Smart Computer ta&mif;
qdkifrSm 0,f,l&&SdEdkifw,f)

58 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
New Product

NEW PRODUCT IN YANGON


ASUS LCD Model VK266H ASUS LCD
LCD Display jrifuGif;us,f 25.5 vufreJY resolution Model
1920x1200 jzpfygw,f/ View angle 170° (H)/160° (V) eJU
Response Time 2 ms jzpfygw,f/ Contrast ratio 20000:1
VH192D
(ASCR) eJY Power Consumption 60W (Power Saving LCD Display jrif
Mode 2W) wdYk jzpfMuygw,f/ DVI-D/D-Sub, Component, uGif;us,f 18.5 vufreJY
HDMI, SPDIF, Stereo Speakers, 2.0 mega-pixel webcam resolution 1366 x768
wdkY aygif;pyf yg0ifxm;vdkY azsmfajza&;twGuf tqiftajyqHk; jzpfygw,f/ View angle
jzpfygw,f/ ASUS &JU Trace Free, Splendid enf;ynmeJY 170° (H)/160° (V) jzpfygw,f/
yhHydk;xm;ygw,f/ Response Time 5 ms jzpfjyD; contrast ratio (10000:1) eJY
uG e f y sLwmqd k i f Power Consumption 25W (Power Saving Mode 2W) wdkY
trsm;pkrSm 0,f,l jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DarmfeDwmrSm yg0goHk;pGJrIudk 20 &mcdkifEIef; ydkrdk
&&dSEdkifjyD; tao; oufomapzdkY rD;acsmif;ESpfacsmif;om oHk;xm;jyD; awmufyrI
pdwt f csut f vuf avsmhusroGm;atmif optical film udk oHk;xm;ygw,f/ ASUS
rsm;udk Golden &JU Trace Free, Splendid enf;ynmeJY yhHydk;xm;ygw,f/
Power Tech- aps;EIef; 120ç000 cefYjzpfjyD; uGefysLwmqdkiftrsm;pkrSm
nologies od k Y 0,f,&l &dES ikd yf gw,f/ tao;pdwf tcsuftvufrsm;udk Golden
qufoG,f ar; Power Technologies odkY qufoG,far;jref;Edkifygw,f/
jref;Edkifygw,f/
ASUS Eee PC S101
Intel &JU Atom Processor N270 udk oH;k xm;jyD; tjrefEe
I ;f
Nikon Coolpix L16 1.6GHz jzpfygw,f/ Display jrif uGif;us,f 10.2 vufreJY
Nikon Coolpix L16 digital camera onf Sensor size resolution u 1,024x600 jzpfygw,f/ Memory DDR2 1GB
1/2.5 CCD, Zoom 3x optical eJY focus range 50cm jzpfjyD; eJY 4-in-1 Card Reader, 0.3M Pixels Camera, USB 2.0, 100
jrifuGif;u 2.8 vufrt&G,f TFT LCD jzpfygw,f/ Image LAN, 802.11n Wireless, Bluetooth pwmawGvnf; ygyg
size 3072x2304 u yHt
k &nftaoG; aumif;rGejf yD; uifr&meJYu w,f/ toHtaeeJY Stereo Speaker, Digital Array Mic jzpfyg
t&G,ftpm; 3.74_2.4_1.16 vufreJY tav;csdef 125 w,f/ [mh'f'pfu tMurf;cHEdkifwJh SSD 32GB udk oHk;xm;jyD;
*&rfjzpf ygw,f/ AA alkaline "mwfcJ ESpfvHk;udk oHk;ygw,f/ tGev f ikd ;f uae 30GB Eee Storage udv
k nf; &&drS mS jzpfygw,f/
wefzdk; 130ç000 usyf jzpfygw,f/ tao;pdwf tcsuf OS u Linux eJYyg/ bufx&Doufwrf; 5.4 em&D MumcHatmif
tvuf r sm;ud k NEO ASUS &JU Super Hybrid Engine enf;ynmudk oH;k xm;ygw,f/
TECH trS w f 133? uGefysLwmqdkif trsm;pkrSm 0,f,l &&dS
qd y f u rf ; omvrf ; ? EdkifjyD; tao;pdwf tcsuf
ausmufwHwm;jrdKUe,f? tvuf r sm;ud k Golden
&efuek f (zke;f ? 710752? Power Technologies zkef;
253105 od k Y quf 210943? 215811 odkY quf
oG , f ar;jref ; Ed k i f y g oG,f ar;jref;Edkifygw,f/
w,f/

60 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

udk oH;k zdYk rvdak wmhb;l / wpfom;wnf;'pf


(SSD) u memory &JU tpdwftydkif;vdk
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ynm&Sif Jim McGregor u qdkygw,f/

EIwfquf&awmhrSmvm; SATA &,f


SATA (Serial AT Attachment)
qdkwm uGefysLwmeJY [mh'f'pfvdk odkavSmif
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ydYkay;wJh bus qdyk gawmh/ [mh''f pf (HDD)
awG&JU t&G,ftpm;u 1.8", 2.5", 3.5"
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tpm; ydkao;ayr,fh vuf&dS uGefysLwm
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awG usvmaeygw,f/ 250GB [mh'f'pf
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yDpDwnfaqmufyHkudk toGifajymif;apr,fh wlwJh SDD &JU 10 yHk wpfyHkjzpfygw,f/
aps;EIef;uGmaeao;w,fqdkayr,fh 'g[m
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I 1TB (1,000GB) txd
kd rf rDb;l vdYk xif
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vnfywfaewJh 'pfjym;awGudk twdwfrSm wm r&dSoavmufyg/ tcsuftvufawG w,f/
xm;cJhjyD; wpfom;wnf; 'pfcspfyfav;u udk Mum;cHr&dS o,fydkYEdkifvdkY [mh'f'pfxuf ]]SDD awGrSm SATA vdk qufoG,f
motherboard ay:rSm tomcdkrSDvdkY vdkuf ESpfq? av;q ponf ydkjrefrSmyg/ Mum;cH a&;vrf;aMumif; (interface) rvdak wmhvYkd
ygawmhr,fhtcsdefu ra0;awmhyg/ [mh'f qdkwm IDE vdk? SATA vdk interface rsKd; tJ'DtwGuf ysufpD;rI? aiGukefusrIawG
'pfqdkwmu uGefysLwm&JU qufpyfypönf; udk qdkvdkygw,f/ ]]SATA vdk interface avsmhoGm;ygw,f/ aemuf uGefysLwmrSm

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 61


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

ae&m txm;todktwGuf pOf;pm;zdkY rvdk w,f/ xkwfvkyfolrsm;taeeJY uGefysLwm w,f/ ¤if; SSD udk yHkrSef SATA inter-
bl;/ qm;upfbkwfjym;vdk jzpfvmr,f/ oH;k olawG&UJ odak vSmifrI vdt k yfcsuef YJ wef face tpm; PCI Express interface oHk;
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jzpfvmygvdrrhf ,f}} vdYk vnf; MudKwif ajym bmyJjzpfjzpf SSD oHk;jcif;jzifh uGef [m vuf&dS Intel &JU topfqef;qHk;qdk
vdkufygw,f/ ysLwmawGrSm tav;csdef avsmhvmr,f? jyD;aMunmxm;wJh X25-E SSD (transfer
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62 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
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GAME

q,fpkESpftvDvD jzwfoef;vmwJh
yDpD*drf; odrYk [kwf From text to Direct X
Text-based adventure vdYk wifpm;ac:a0:cw hJ hJ uGeyf sLwmzefom;jyif
ay:u *dr;f awGu 'DaeY't
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awGay:rSm *drf;upm;csifMuw,f/ CRT ysLwm[mh'0f aJ wG&UJ a&SUajy;xdypf ;D rSm xdik f
armfew D mwpfv;kH udk toH;k jyKjyD; upm;&wJh aeMuovdk *drf;upm;pufawGuvnf;
yxrqHk;*drf;twGuf patent udk 1947 rsKd;qufopf MoZmvTrf;aewJh uGefysLwm
ckESpfrSm trIwGJzGifhEdkifcJhw,f/ 1961 ckESpf 'DZkdif;rsKd;awGeJY toHk;csaeMujyD jzpfw,f/
yxrqHk; DEC PDP-1 mainframe
uGefysLwmMuD;udk MIT (Massachu- 1970 jynfEh pS rf sm;eJY 1980 jynfEh pS rf sm;
setts Institude of Technology) udk 1970 jynhfESpfawG&JU aESmif;ykdif;ESpf
vTaJ jymif;ay;tyfvu dk wf t hJ cg Space war awGrSm home computer awGudk vlawG
qdwk hJ shooter *dr;f wpfcu k kd vtenf;i,f podcGifh&Muw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefupjyD; tD
tcsdef,la&;cJhw,f/ vufx&Gefepf*drf;qdkwmudk pupm;cGifh& game qdw
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'gayr,fh 1970 jynfhESpf tdrfoHk; Muw,f/ Video arcade acwfpm;rIeJY oHk;ckausmfavmufu taetxm;udk jyef
uGefysLwmqdkwmudk tm½HkpkdufrdvkdufwJh twl *drf;upm;wJholawG &SdvmMuw,f/ Munfhr,fqdk&if Mazewar qdkwJh*drf;udk
tcgrS 'D*drf;qdkwmudk awGYzl;vdkufMu& Rom cartridge awG toHk;jyKjyD; upm; zefwD;EkdifcJhjyD; yxrqHk; FPS (first-per-
w,f/ tJ'aD emufyidk ;f upjyD; 'DZidk ef mawGu &wJh console awG jzpfxGef;vmcJhw,f/ son shooter) tjzpf tapmqHk; Oyrmudk
uGeyf sLwmyg0gudk tjynft h m;jznfh ay;Ekid f yxrqHk; uGefysLwm*drf;qdkwmudk jyoEkdifcJhw,f/
r,fh code awG wDxGifa&;om;cJhMuovdk wuúodkvfu0efxrf;awGeJY ausmif;om; University system awGnetwork
sound eJY graphics card awGvdk [mh'f0J awGu zefwD; wnfaqmufcJhwm jzpf wdk;vkyfjzpfMuw,f/ 'DtwGuf Mud
awG wDxGifEkdifzdkY tc&muswJh vkyfief;pOf w,f/ uGeyf sLwmeJY xdawGYciG &hf olawGqD (multi-user dungeon) *drf;awG &Sdvm&
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u bDvD,HeJYcsDjyD; &SdaewJh aiGyHkMuD;jzpf based adventure awG tqifhom &Sdyg command awG toHk;csjyD; upm;&ovdk
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64 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
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tajccHyrmPtqifah vmufom &Sad eao;


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1980s game technology:


3D graphics
wu,fh[mh'f0JyHhydk;rIjzpfwJh 3D gra-
phics card awG ra&mufao;wJh 1990
jynfhESpfrsm;qDrwkdifrDrSm vdr®m uRrf;usif
rI&SdwJh aqmhzf0J'DZkdif;awGeJY wwfEkdif
oavmuf o½kyfrSefay:apr,fh simula-
tion awG 1980 jynfhESpfrsm;rSmu toHk;
jyKcJhMu&w,f/
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uGefysLwmtvkyfudk pdwf0ifpm;ol OyrmtaeeJY simulate note awGudk rwl ,awGu texture eJY depth oabmawG
awGu t"du upm;orm;rsm; jzpfMu nDwJh frequency awGeJY pyDumudk wkefcg eJYtwl o½kyfrSefobm0twkdif; xif[yf
w,f/ Creating Computing vdk r*¾Zif; atmif vkyf,l&wJh? qef;opfvSygw,f vmapatmif ta&mifawGjznfhay;w,f/
pmapmifawGuwpfqifh *drf;upm;&wJh qdw k hJ aqmhz0f aJ wGukd toH;k jyKcJMh u&w,f/ aqmhz0f J ½Iy½f yI af xG;axG;eJY 2.5 D qdk
t&omudk rQa0jyD; jzefYcsday;ovdk jzpf Data transfer jyóemuvnf ; wmawGudk zefwD;,lcJhMujyD; 3D graph-
oGm;&w,f/ wjcm;olawG vlxnfhoGif; &Sdjyefao;w,f/ uGefysLwmtrsm;pku ics cards awG aps;uGufra&mufrD aemuf
jyD; upm;EkdifzdkYtwGuf source code awG 'D w k e f ; u cassette tape awG a y:rS m qHk;tcsdeftxd &SdaecJhw,f/ 'Dwkef;u
udk yHkESdyfjzefYcsdcJhw,f/ aqmhzf0JawGudk odrf;&w,f/ 500 bit/sec yg0gedrehf rd hf [mh'0f aJ wG taumif;qH;k tjzpf
'gayr,fh *drf;'DZkdif;awGu vdkwm eJY 2000 bits/sec EIef;xm;tMum; uefY oHk;cscJh&½HkrQru uGefysLwm vkyfief;pOf
xufydkwJh yvufazmif;awG [efYwm;rI owfxm;&w,f/ awGuvnf; cyfedrfhedrfhaps;EIef;awGudk csifh
awG&Sdovdk [mh'f0J pGrf;&nfuefYowfcsuf toHudk taotcsm xdef;csKyfxm;& csdefjyD; oGif;vmMu&w,f/ tykdaqmif;
awGuvnf; &SdaecJhw,f/ 'Dtcsdefwkef;u w,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm 5 'or 25 vufr wefqmyvm rvdkbJ *drf;udk uGefysLwmeJY
Apple II u yg0gaumif;w,fvdkY qdkMu t&G,ftpm; floppy drive awG &aejyD aqmhupm;apw,f/ 'DaeYacwfeJY uGmjcm;
ayr,fh sound chip qdkwm r&SdcJhygbl;/ qdkayr,fhvnf; vkyfief;oHk;tqifh&JU wJh tajctaeuawmh *dr;f wDxiG af &;om;

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 65


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

olawGu uGefysLwm[mh'f0J xkwfvkyfol t&ifu synthe- net generation algo-


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MuwmyJ jzpfw,f/ u three-channel toHk;jyKxm;w,f/
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ta&mifqdkwm wu,fhudk tc&m udk trDvkdufaewJh *drf; 0goemtavsmuf w,f/ *drf;vkyfief;MuD;
uswJt h &m jzpfw,f/ Arcade game awG 'DZkdifemawGu *drf;awG upm;wJh yHpk H &JU b@maiG wdk;jr§ifhEkdif
rSm screen wpfckvHk; coloured sten- xJrmS music theme awG yHkudk erlemtaeeJY jyo
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1979 ckESpfrSmyJ yxrqHk; true colour w,f/ bDv, D eH YJ csjD y;D &Sad ewJhoufvdkY vHk;csif;0w¬K
game tjzpfeJY Galaxian qdkwm a&muf ZX Spectrum vkyif ef;Mu;D twdkpm;qefqef yHhydk;
vmw,f / uG e f y sLwmawG q D u d k a wmh uawmh enf ; enf ; xm;wJh ancillary ma-
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'gayr,fh 1982 ckESpftwGif; tar ydkrsm;w,f/ ta&mif 15 yxrqHk;&SdapcJhwJh*drf;
&duefEkdifiHrSm Commodore 64 csay; a&mif oHk;xm;w,f/ Effective resolu- jzpfw,f/ Brand PCs rSm manual eJY
vkdufjyD; Oa&myrSm Sinclair ZX Spec- tion 256 x 192 &Sdw,f/ Single-chan- upm;apw,f/
trum ay:xGufvmwJhaemuf tajctae nel pyDumjzpfwt hJ wGuf toHuJG 10 rsK;d yJ
awG ajymif;oGm;awmhw,f/ aemufESpf vkyfay;Ekdifw,f/ aps;EIef;u Commo- Sim City
tawmfMumtxd *drf;aps;uGufrSm yg0g dore &JU wpf0ufyJ &Sdw,f/ tvHk;a& Sim City u yxrqHk; aps;uGuf
tom;ay; Commodore eJY aps;EIef; csKd aygif; oef;csD a&mif;cJh&ovdk ta&SUykdif; xkxnfyrmPMuD;MuD;&cJhwJhsimulation
omwJh ZX Spectrum wdkYu pdk;rdk; ae&m Oa&myeJY tm&SEkdifiHawGrSmvnf; clone game jzpfw,f/ upm;olawGtaeeJY
,lEkdifcJhMuw,f/ yHkpHeJY tajrmuftjrm; a&mif;cscJh&w,f/ 'DZkdif;awGazmf? wnfaqmufrIawGvkyfjyD;
Commodore 64 u game con- jrdKUwpfckudkzefwD;wnfaqmufEkdifw,f/
soles wpfcktwGuf 'DZkdif;vkyfxm;cJhwJh Classic 1980s games vrf;awGazmuf? oHvrf;awG qufEkdif
graphics controller wpfcu k kd toH;k jyKjyD; Elite r,fh vkyfief;pOfawG aexkdif vIyf&Sm;rI
wnfaqmufxm;wm jzpfjyD; ta&mif 16 1984 ck E S p f r S m uif ; b&pf c sf twGuf vdktyfcsufawGudk utility awG eJY
rsKd;eJY cif;usif;ay;wmwdkY? bit-mapping wuúodkvfu ausmif;om;ESpfOD;u Elite toHk;csupm;&w,f/
vkyfwmwdkY? screen scrolling vkyfwm udk zefwD;ay;cJh w,f/ BBC Model B 'D*drf;u taMumif;&if; ESpfcsuf
wdkYvnf; vkyfEkdifoGm;apw,f/ uGef ysLwmay:u 32 MB RAM &JU 3D aMumifh ta&;ygt&ma&mufcw hJ ,f/ wpfck
wireframe gra- u upm;oltaeeJY ½HI;wmEkdifwm tqHk;
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jyD; pDrH aqmif awGxJrSm yxrqHk; ay:xGufvmwm jzpf
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taeeJY xkwaf y; awmfawmfrsm;rsm;txd wdk;csJUxm;&SdjyD;
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vif;jyifrSm &SdwJh qHk;wJhtxd yg0ifwJh virtual family unit
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jzwfjyD; planets w,f/
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upm;apwJh pla- ta&mif;&taumif;qHk; *drf; jzpfcJhovdk

66 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 67


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

Alien tqH;k owfcsed rf mS awmh extended Graph-


Carnage ics Array (XGA) protocol topfu
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*drf;awGudkyif ydkjyD; xdxda&mufa&muf
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Edk;Mum;od&SdrI wDxGifjzpfcJhwJh Tetris qdk&if awmuf
w&m;0ifaumfyDaygif; 16 oef;avmuf 1960 jynfhESpfawGqDuwnf;u awmufyyta&mifawGeYJ yHpk jH zpfwmrdYk ydjk yD;
a&mif;csEkdifcJhw,f/ uGefysLwmqdkwmawGtwGuf graphics pGJrufp&maumif;aMumif; oufaojyEkdif
cards qdw k m&Scd ahJ yr,fh 1981 ckEpS f yxr cJhw,f/
ausmMf um;rIawG arG;zGm;vmjcif; qHk; IBM PC xGufvmjyD; home com- Graphic rSm wd;k wufjzpfxe G ;f rI awG
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trsKd;tpm;opfawG xkwfEkdifr,fh tcGifh ta&mifwpfa&mifwnf;yJ&w,f/ Four- apw,f / Text-based adventures
tvrf;awGuvnf; ay:vmw,f/ 1980 colour jzpfjzpf? 16 text colours jzpfjzpf game awGuae graphics txl;jyK *drf;
jynfhESpfrSm Flash Attack qdkwJh *drf;u toH;k jyKwJh CGA qdw k mu upgrade vkyf awGjzpfapzdYk vrf;pazmfay;vku d o
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qufoG,fjyD; yxrqHk; ESpfa,muf ,SOf 1984 ckESpf IBM u IBM AT udk Leisure Suit Larry qdk&if ay:jyL
jydKifupm;EkdifwJh*drf; jzpfvm&w,f/ pxkwv f ukd jf yD;aemuf Enhanced Graph- vm tjzpfqHk; jzpfw,f/ Zmwfvkdufu
Flash Attack udk yxrqHk; strat- ics Adapter (EGA) awGavmufyJ stan- cspfolrdef;uav;wpfa,muf&SmzdkY MudK;
egy game taeeJY csD;ajr§mufjcif;cHcJh dard taeeJY oH;k Eki d Mf uao;w,f/ *&yfzpf pm;wJh scrolling puzzle adventure
&w,f/ 'gayr,fh Utopia eJY Stonkers twGuf 16 colours cGifhjyKxm;w,f/ *drf;wpfckjzpfw,f/ q,fpkESpftwGif;rSm
awGuo kd m rlverlem*dr;f vdYk awmfawmfrsm; 'gayr,fh IBM AT rSmvnf; ½dk;&Sif; qifhyGm;ul;,lMujyD; upm;MuwJh *drf;awG
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pia u yxrqHk; simulation game tvG,fwul clone awG vkyfvmcJhMujyD; tJ'Daemufykdif;rSm version awmfawmfrsm;
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68 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
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w&m Murf;MuKwfrIawGeJY dark humour


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awGu ydkjyD; obm0ususzefwD;&mrSm wJh toHobm0awG ajymif;oGm;&w,f/ 'D*drf;u upm;wJhae&mrSm network
ta&;ygvmw,f/ wpfenf;ajym&&if t&nftcsif;taeeJY stereo tqifhom bandwidth rsm;rsm; oHk;&wmaMumifh
simulation game awGudk acwfa&pD; r[kwfawmhbJ surround sound awG yg work space ae&m ydwfyifwJhtxd jzpfcJh
aMumif;ay: rsm;rsm;pm;pm; wifay;Ekdif jzpfxGef;vmEkdifcJhw,f/ upm;oltaeeJY w,f/
vmw,f/ xGuaf y:vmoifw h hJ ae&mwpfcck u k xGuf
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wpfckjzpfwJh Adlib u xkwfvkyfcJhw,f/ awGqdk&if *drf;upm;wJhae&mrSm r&Sdrjzpf awGeJY b@maiGtaqmufttHkawGtxd
'gayr,fh csufcsif;qdkovdk Creative &JU vdktyfwJh toHykdif;qkdif&mudk ododom zefwD; wnfaqmuf,l&w,f/ ywf0ef;
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76 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ FPS trsKd;tpm; bmawGvmOD;rvJ Gaming timeline


1961 Space War, the first computer game
rS m wu,f obm0usrI a wG e J Y twl q,fpkESpfoHk;ck ausmfvGefcJhwJhtcg 1971 The Galaxy Game becomes the first
txGwftxdyfa&mufcJhw,f/ 2000 jynfh uGefysLwm*drf;awGu 0goemtavsmuf coin-operated computer game
1973 Will Crowther creates the first com-
ESpfu Deus Ex u RPG wpfck&JU point upm;wJh yHkpHtaetxm;uae bDvD,HeJY puter adventure game, called Adven-
system udk FPS wkdufuGufeJY aygif;pyf csDjyD;&SdaewJh vkyfief;MuD; jzpfoGm;&w,f/ ture
1973 Mazewar, the first 3D maze game
ay;xm;wJt h wGuf atmifjrifrI t&Sq
d ;kH *dr;f Programming {&d,me,fy,frSm *drf;
1978 Roy Trubshaw writes first multi-user
jzpfomG ;apw,f/ acwfa&pD;aMumif; FPS awGu tvsifjrefqHk;? wdk;wufqHk;xJu dungeon for a British university net-
work
aps;uGufrSm zGHYjzdK;rIawG quf&SdvmjyD; wpfck jzpfoGm;&w,f/ yDpDxkwfvkyfa&;
1979 First transatlantic Mud game held
Half-Life 2 xGufvm&w,f/ 'DvdkyJ vkyfief;zGHYjzdK;wdk;wufrI&JU t&Sdeft[kefudk 1980 First networkable PC game
Doom 3 qdkvnf; wu,fhobm0usrI vnf; jr§ifhwifay;EkdifcJhw,f/ 1981 Castle Wolfenstein launched
1982 First textand colour graphic game
awGjzpfatmif physics engine awG ydk *drf;upm;olawG&JU awmif;qdkcsuf 1983 First real-time strategy game
aumif;vmapw,f/ 'Dvdk xl;jcm; aumif; awG? *drf;wDxGifolawG&JU vdktyfcsufawG 1984 Compuserve first ISP to host RPG
rGefwJh physics engine awG jzpfvmzdkY u uGeyf sLwma&pD;aMumif;&JU rsK;d qufopf 1985 Tetris invented
1986 Rim Worlds War first play-by-email
third parties awGudk vdkifpifxkwfay;jyD; awGtwGuf [mh'0f aJ wG ydjk yD; wd;k wufzYHGjzdK; RPG game hosted on commercial
aqmifcGifhay;cJhMuw,f/ atmif wGef;tm;ay;rI&JU y"me jzpfcJhw,f server
1987 Adlib releases the first soundcard
FPS *dr;f awGu virtual worlds awG vdkY rSwf,lEkdifrnfjzpfygaMumif; wifjy
1987 Midi Maze introduces deathmatches
jyKvkyaf pjyD; MMOFPS jzpfvmapw,f/ vkduf&ygw,f/ 1988 Pool of Radiance lunched
2001 ckESpf World War 2 Online udk OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,&f )D 1989 Sim City launched
1990 Ultima and Wizardry reach PC
'DvdkyHkpHeJY yxrqHk; awGYjrifMu&w,f/ [Ref: Personal Computer World]
1991 Civilisation launched
1992 Wolfenstein 3D, Dune II, Mortal
Kombat launched
1992 Alone in the Dark uses actors
1993 Doom launched
Using an emulatr to play Dos games 1994 Doom II, Command and Conquer
launched
vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u Dos acwfu a&;om;cJhwJh 1994 ESRB set up
1996 Duke Nukem launched
classic game awGeJY MuD;jyif; vm&wmqdk&if rrSm;Ekdifay/
1996 Qiale launched
'gaMumifh 'Dwkef;u game awGudk jyefupm;csifwJh pdwfawG ay:vmMuw,f/ 1996 Syndicate Wars puts advertising in a
'gayr,fh 'Dvdka[mif;EGrf;aewJh aqmhzf0JawGeJY 'DaeYacwfrSm oHk;aewJh Windows computer game for the first time
1997 Age of Empires, Ultima Online,
awGu rukdufnDawmhbl;/ Grand Theft Auto launched
'Djyóemudk emulator awG ay:vmcJh&w,f/ vuf&Sd acwfopf OS awGudk 1998 Half-Life launched
1999 Billy Mitchell achieves the highest
taESmifht,SufrjzpfapbJ 'D*drf;a[mif;awGudk upm;apzdkY aumif;aumif; ukdifwG,f possible score for Pac-Man with
ajz&Sif;Ekdifw,f/ Dosbox qdkwm open source emulator jzpfw,f/ 3,333,360 points
ay:jyLvmvnf; jzpfygw,f/ www.dosbox.com uae download 1999 Everquest launched
2000 The first game modification to be
vkyf,lvdkY&w,f/ Platform trsKd;rsKd;twGuf &Ekdifygw,f/ Install vkyfvkdufwmeJY more popular than the original,
rdrd hard drive ay:rSm folder wpfckxm;jyD; *drf;a[mif;awGudk ul;ay;ygvdrfhr,f/ Counter-strike, launched. Later to
become the world's best-selling FPS
Dosbox rSm GUI vHk;0rygay/ C:\DOSGAMES vdkY ½dkufjyD;ac:,lEkdifw,f/ 2001 Microsoft enters console market
Dosbox udk vnfywfapwJhtcg *drf;a[mif;awGygwJh folder udk Dosbox &JU with the Xbox
2001 World War 2 online becomes the
main drive taeeJY jy|mef;xm;&Sd&w,f/ Game awG&JU exe file awGu first massively multiplayer online
pay;ygvdrfhr,f/ first-person shooter (MMOFPS)
2002 The sims Online launched
wu,fvdkY *drf;a[mif;awGudk upm;wJhae&mrSm odyfjrefvGef;? 2002 US Army releases America's Army,
odyfaES;auG;vGef;aecJh &if emulation speed udk ajymif;zdkY F11 eJY F12 eJY control the first time a game has been de-
signed for recruitment.
key awG wGJESdyfjyD; toHk;jyK&w,f/ Frame rate twGuf F7 eJY F8 udk wGJESdyf&if; 2002 Grand Theft Auto 3 launched
ajymif;Ekdifw,f/ 2003 First MMORPG virtual currency,
with real-world value, set up by
Project Entropia

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 77


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78 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

oifhtaeeJY jyif;jyif;xefxef ½ªvdkufjcif; atmf*Jepf"mwfaygif;uvnf; rD;avmif


onf tqdyaf iGUawGukd ½ªaeovdjk zpfaeyg vG,fjyD; tEÅ&m,fjzpfapEdkifygw,f/
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0ef;usifrSm tylcsdefwufvmjyD; avxk (Selenium and cadmium
twGif; tpdk"mwf rsm;vmygr,f/ ½Hk;cef; sulphide)
xJu y&dabm*ypönf;u aygvpfvdkaq; tcsKdU rdwåLul;pufrsm;rSm q,fvD
awG ta&mifysufvmwm awGU&ygr,f/ eD,Hj'yfpifeJY uufrD,HqmvfzdkufawG pdrfh
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 79


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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 95


TOP 5 Laser Printers












Xerox Phaser Lexmark HP Color Lexmark Samsung ML-


3300 MFP X543dn LaserJet CM E460dw 1630 W



www.xerox.com www.lexmark.com 1312 nfi www.lexmark.com www.samsung .com


600 a':vm 660 a':vm www.hp.com 690 a':vm 240 a':vm



Editor Rating 8.0 Editor Rating 7.8 575 a':vm Editor Rating 7.5 Editor Rating 6.9



Editor Rating 7.5


Specs Specs Specs Specs


Laser color laser Specs USB connection Monochrome laser



USB connection USB connection color laser 802 .11 b/g/n USB connection


10/100 Base TX Ethernet 10/100 Ethernet Ethernet


built-in card reader
Ethernet Legal size paper Legal size paper Wireless


2.4 vufr LCD


hegal-size paper (max.) (max.) A-4 size (max.)


(max.) 1200 x 1200 dpi color standalone fax capa-
3 vufr LCD 1200 x 600 dpi


1200 x 1200 dpi mono 1200 x 1200 dpi op- bilities


10. 2_15.9_14 . 5 14.1 _13.8 _4.8 vufr


600 x 1200 dpi opti- tical scan


cal scan ta&;Mu;D aomtcsuf vufr 15.3 aygif
18.2_17.3_21.1


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ta&;Mu;D aomtcsuf ta&;Mu;D aomtcsuf eJY extra papers trays wpfrdepfudk 44 tayghqHk;? tao;qHk;?


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jref q ef oG u f SOHO aps;uGuf yg&Sdw,f/

vufpGm vkyfukdifay; w,f / tjref E I e f ; workable printer jzpf


0ifjzpfw,f/ jrefqef

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w,f/odYkaomf aps;EIe;f

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○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

96 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
TOP 5 Inkjet Printer













Epson Antisan Epson Epson Styles Canon Pixma Kodak ESP9



800 WorkForce 600 Photo R2880 MX7600 www.kodak.com




www.epson.com www.epson.com www.epson.com www.canon.com (rod&ao;)



340 a':vm 190 a':vm 820 a':vm 390 a':vm


Editor Rating 8.3



Editor Rating 9.2 Editor Rating 8.8 Editor Rating 8.7 Editor Rating 8.7



Specs




Specs Specs Specs Specs USB connection



USB connection USB connection USB connection 2 ckyg USB connection Wi-Fi wireless



Wired network


Ethernet Wi-Fi, Ethernet Pict Bridge - 13 vufr Ethernet



WiFi paper size 8.5 vufr autoduplexing Pictbridge



Legal-size paper
_44 vufr? 5760 x paper size (legal)
all-in-on printer



_ 44 vufr 1440 dpi color/mono


9600 dpi color/ mono


(max.)
5760 x1440 dpi color/



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2.5 vufr LCD inkjet trsKd ;



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18. 4_15.2_7.8 vufr 18.3 aygif printer jzpf w ,f /


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○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 97


Open Source Research & Report

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Open Source vrf;pOf
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98 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
Research & Report

tukefydkif; oHk;vywfrSm 8 tjcm;wpf e nf ; vS n f h fice taejzifh IBM Lotus wdkY jzpfw,f/ aemufqHk;rSm
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 99


Open Source Research & Report

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100 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Open Source Research & Report

[m ¤if;wdYk &UJ A[dck sufrmS &Srd mS ? rduk u f ½dak qmhz[ f m PC ay:rSm w,f / jyD ; awmh netbook Lenovo Mobile, Motorola
uReaf wmfwYkd[m *dr;f upm;yGx J J wkef;u aps;uGufa0pk 90 tay: run wJh Windows Samsung vdk ud&d,m jyKvkyf
a&muf a eygw,f / wpf c k &mcdkifEIef;xuf ydkí &SdaecJhzl; Version u Vista r[kwfbJ olawG[m Android 0ef;usif
wnf;aom ar;cGef;u uRef w,f/ Netbook tay:ü ¤if; Windows XP om jzpfw,f/ pk½Hk;aeMuw,f/ Android u
awmfwdkY aps;uGuf a0pk b,f &JU rm*sif[m ydkenf;aew,f/ 'g[m tqihfedrfh low-end ¤if;&JU yxrqHk;tausmhrSm
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yHkpHwpfcktm;jzifh tem uGefz&ihfwpfckü ajymMum;&m jzpfw,f/ Google tm; online appli-
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102 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Research & Report

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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 103


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106 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

ovdk ToDo list (How to of the Day)


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load vkyfapcsifovm;? tqifajyap&
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f u
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 107


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

iGoogle home page udk pdwMf uKd uf ..................

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108 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 109


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

Tips & Tricks

Google Labs Fun and games


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Tasks
Tasks qdkwJh vkyfaqmifcsuf oifh&JU email xJu vkyfief;
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Canned Responses
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110 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

iGoogle Flash CS3 vufawGUoifcef;pmrsm;

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&avmufygw,f/ xm;ygw,f/ rlv DotA xuf trsm;MuD;
vIYH aqmf EI;d qGrI pdwu f ;l udk starcraft omvGefaom features awGeJY spinoff
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&cJhw,f/ DotA &JU yxrqHk; version u Steve Feak alias-'Guinsoo' qdo k &l UJ
udk 'Eul' vdkYom od&wJh yk*¾dKvfu 2003 vuf&m DotA: Allstars jzpfygw,f/
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udk features topfawG wpfeHwpfvsm; csif;awGtwGuf ydkjyD; aysmfarGUzG,f ver-
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topf y g0if v mw,f / xd k r S p í rl v aysmf&TifvmjyD; olY&JU xkwfa0rI release
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version topfwpfckcsif;pDtm; volun- tcsuf ay;½HkrQomyg/ DotA qdkwm
teer, community t0ef;t0dkif;awG&JU Freebies rsm;twGuf upm;ol 10 a,muf hero wpfaumifpD
manhour ,lepfvkyftm;aygif; aomif;csD DotA gameplay tajccH a&G;í 5 vs 5 match ESpfzuf upm;&wJh
xnfh0ifjyD; csJUxGif azmfaqmifcJhMuyg 'Dtydik ;f udk DotA upm;orm; *drrf m session tajcjyK online odYk r[kwf LAN
w,f/ awG ausmfoGm;Edkifygw,f/ Freebies eJY *drf; jzpfw,f/ ysrf;rQjcif;tm;jzifh wpf

116 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Gaming pop culture

session udk wpfem&Dausmfausmf Mumwwf w,f/ Base odYk t0if t"duvrf;aMumif; ttHk jzpfw,f/ vlom;upm;ol wpf
w,f/ upm;ol tzJGUESpfzGJU[m Sentinel MuD;rSm towers awG? vIdif;vHk;MuD;rsm;vdk a,mufpD[m yg0gtpGrf;xufjyD; xl;jcm;
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 117


Gaming pop culture

aygif; 92 aumifawmif &Sdw,f/ wpf XP yGdKihfpk&jcif;tjyif upm;olawG roGm;apbJ qGJaqmifEdkifpGrf; replay-


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awG&SdjyD; tjcm; heroes awGtay: enf; source udkvnf; manage vkyf&ygao; wul odjrif oabmaygufEdkifygw,f/
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118 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
Gaming pop culture

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wnfjrJaeatmif xdef;xm;ay;ygw,f/ w,f/ axmufyhH jznfqh nf;ay;zdYk &mvdok m jzpfae

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 119


Gaming pop culture

w,f/ DotA udk pwifí MuD;av;pGm azmf - Player owf&jcif; reward ydk& rIawGxu J wpfcu k olY&UJ t&G,t f pm; jzpf
xkwfr,fqdkwmeJY Guinsoo yxrqHk; atmif Unreal Tournament toH aygif; w,f/ xdkpOftcgu Battle.net [m
vkyfwJht&mawGxJu wpfck gameplay xnfhay;xm;jcif;/ MuD;rm;wJh uefMuD; wpfuefjzpfjyD; DotA
&JU b,f tajccH element awGu aysmf - aoqHk;vQif qHk;½IH;&r,fh penalties u ig;ao;ao;av; wpfaumifom jzpf
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p&m experiences awG ay;ovJ? &SmazG wdkufcdkufacsrIef;jcif;u tm;aumif;wJh players awG pka0;&ef w&m;0ifvrf;
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*drf;&JU fun and replayable tydkif; - item powerups aygif;xnfx h m;jcif;/ xdak e&mrSm aemuftusqH;k changes awG
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120 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Gaming pop culture

4/ Warcraft III Engine & Map Tools


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ukrÜPDrsm;pGm taotcsmudk remvdkp&m ysHUESHYoGm;r,f/ Content topf odkYr[kwf 2/ Warcraft III Engine & Map Tools
aumif;wJh pdwf0ifpm;p&meJY wpfyef;omrI feature topfukd nwGi;f csif; jyKvkyf jzefY Warcraft III engine u develop-
rsm;pGm &Sdygw,f/ a0ay;Edkifw,f/ ment tzGJUtay: uefYowfcsufawG jzpf
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jrifapcsifw,f/ olwdkYu vlMudKufrsm;jyD; Development tm;vHk;udk oli,f udk,fMudK;pm;upm;cJhorQ xdef;odrf; rSwf
atmifjrifwJh *drf;udk jyKvkyf&mrSm yg0if csif;rsm; tkyfpkjzifh xdef;csKyfw,f/ tcsdef om;ay;r,fh stat-tracking r&Sdyg/
csifw,fqdkwmuvGJvdkY tjcm;taMumif; rwdik cf if aygufMum; ,dpk rd zhf Ykd &m tEÅ&m,f
r&Sdbl;/ 'D project u aiGtwGuf r[kwf r&Sbd J releases awG wif;usypf mG xde;f csKyf 3/ Distribution & Installation cufcrJ I
bl;/ Business vkyfief; vdktyfcsufawG xm;Edkifygw,f/ tjcm;*drf;wpfckudk modification
vnf; r&Sdbl;/ Marketing, Producer, vkyfxm;wJhtaeeJYom wnf&SdrljyD; net-
executives bmrQrvd k / tzG J U taeeJ Y work support uif;rJhrIaMumifh DotA
gameplay oufouftay:om tm½Hp kukd f version topfxkwfwdkif; playerbase
EdkifcJhw,f/ wpfckvHk;tm; tajymif;tvJudk wpfenf;

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 121


Gaming pop culture

enf;eJY today;zdkY&m &Sdw,f/ aemufqHk;


release &JU aumfyDeJY axmufyHhay;&r,f/
Map versions topfawGudk website
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sumption aMumifh 'gudk manage vkyf&
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making uif;rJhrI? *drf; content euf½Idif;
rI? distribution and installation cufcJ
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tjzpf *drf;xJ 0ifa&muf upm;zdkY tvGef wJh players awGu olwdkYtwGuf odyf [m ao;i,faom map mod av;uae
cufygw,f/ ta&;ygw,f/ 'geJYyJ topfjzpfwhJ tawGU urÇmwpf0ef;vH;k qdik &f m vTr;f jcHKwhJ obm0
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bl;/ DotA us,fus,fjyefYjyefY atmifjrif awmhrQ jyefrvmMuawmhyg/ vuf &Sd wuf <u pGm upm;aewJh
&wm[m wpfqihfajympum;eJY *drf;&JU active players aygif; 10 oef;ausmf &Sd
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aygif;rsm;pGmrSm abilities awG b,fvdk rdepf 60 avmuf &Sdw,f/ 'gayr,fh rjzpfEdkifyg/ ae&m rsm;pGmrSm DotA u
oHk;&r,f/ b,f abilities u b,f jydKif *dr;f u 2 em&D odYk r[kwf xdYk xufyí kd vnf; Counter Strike, World of Warcraft eJY
buftay: acsrIef;Edkifw,fqdkwm odzdkY MumoGm;Edkifw,f/ 'DvdkrSef;q& cufwm ¤if;pwif aygufzGm;&m Warcraft III wdkY
cufw,f/ ½IyfaxG;wJh items eJY recipe aMumihf upm;olawGrmS session wpfcv k ;kH xufawmif ydkjyD; vlMudKufrsm;w,f/
system eJYqdk jyD;a&m/ twGuf tcsdef budget cszdkY&m cufoGm; 'DvdkatmifjrifrIawG &Sdvihfupm;
upm;oltopfu aumif;aumif; w,f/ upm;ol wpfa,muf xGufoGm; tcsKdUt&mawG aysmufqHk;aeqJyJ/ DotA
rupm;EdkifwJhtcsdefrsKd;rSm DotA u jydKif jcif;u tzGJUtay: rrQwrI jzpfusefapcJh rSm ¤if;&JU jzpfajrmufEdkifrI potential
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jzpfaew,f/ ydkjyD;tawGUtMuHK &ihfusuf rjyKEdik w
f maMumifh DotA udk tjydKiftqdik f &Sdaew,f/ Warcraft III &JU tawmif
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aESmihfaES;aeapw,f/ Tournaments awG jzpfajrmufatmifEdkifrIqdkwm uefYowfrI
udk schedule qGJzdkY&m cufapwJhtwGuf MuD; &SdaerSmygyJ/
jzpfw,f/ urÇmwpf0ef; DotA upm;orm;
awG [ m game developers awG & J U
tqHk;owfaumufcsuf tm½HkpdkufrI&zdkY awmif;qdkxm;Muw,f/
DotA &JU aumif;usK;d qd;k usK;d aomif; wpfpHkwpfa,mufu DotA &JU tajccH
ajymif;tcsufawG ajymcJhjyD;ygjyD/ &Sif;wm usus unique jzpf euf½Idif;aysmfarGUzG,f
d ,f/ DotA u aysmaf rGUzG,f
wpfcak wmh &Sw gameplay core udk ,ljyD;wpfckck ydkwJh
aumif;w,f/ Guinsoo, Eul, IceFrog t&modYk ajymif;ay;zdYk arQmv
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a,mufcsif; yg0if MudK;pm;cJhrIeJY DotA

122 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Gaming pop culture

Gaming pop culture

Resident Evil 5

Umbrella ukrÜPD&JU vufcsufeJY ckefxGufwdkufcdkufvdkY touf½SL&yfrwwf


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awmh Raccon City / aemuf pyde f tajctjrpf u sus cG J x G u f v mw,f /
aus;&Gm/ tckawmh tmz&duwdkufxd Action buf ydak Zmif;ay;wJ* h rd ;f jzpfvmcJh
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xdum rsufwGif;a[mufyuf Zombie vufaom pdwMf urf;ud, k Mf urf;vlawG jzpf
awGvdk jzpfaea&mhr,f/ vmMuw,f/ Danny Boyle &JU 28 days
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aqmif odak vSmif&wJh inventory udv k nf;

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 123


Gaming pop culture

realtime oHk;&awmh urgency oabm


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fight awGvnf; yg&SdjyD; jyxm;wJh cvkwf
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Xbox 360 eJY PS3 twGuy f jJ zpfvYkd trsm;pk rppfawmhayr,fh yHpk w
H pfrsK;d eJYawmh aumif; Modula-2

DotA AllStars azmfxkwf&mwGif toHk;jyKxm;onfh tools rsm;

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wGJzufygwJh world Editor oHk;&ygw,f/ upgrades awGudk zefwD;,lwmyJjzpfjzpf? tor tajccH GUI vrf;nTef language rS
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jyifqifcGihfjyKw,f/ Units, building eJY apw,f/ uGefysLwm*sme,frSm vpOf [m *drf;upm;olrSonf *drf;zefwD;ol
*drf;&JU tjcm;rsufESmpm tm;vHk; aemuf wifqufaeus system analysis and developer odkY OD;wnf&nfrSef;oifhyg
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w,f/ Units, Items, Destructibles, finite state machine enf ; pepf a wG

124 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Photoshop Tutorial

Smart Object ESifh


Smart Filter rsm; oHk;pGJjcif;
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wJeh nf;twdik ;f ? ay;vdkufwJh setting wefzdk;awGvnf;yJ taojzpf oif[m Gaussian Blur, Unsharp Mask 'grS
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vdk tonal adjustments awG vkyfEdkifw,f/ Gra- udk,fEIdufrSawmif oD;jcm; vGwfuif;pGm ajymif;vJ
OD;wnfovdk dient, pattern ponfrsKd; tay:u xyftkyfEdkif Edkifw,f/ Mask okH;NyD; effect udk vdk&mtydkif;wif
jzpfaeygw,f/ w,f/ NyD;awmh ¤if;rSm mask ygwJt h wGuf xdck sed n
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tay: layer style oufa&mufapjcif;jzpfw,f/ jzpfygw,f/

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 125


TRICK (1)

½kyyf Hk image udk 'Smart Object' odYk ajymif;yg/

Layer thumbnail tuGuf nmatmufaxmifr h mS smart ob-


ject icon av; ay:aeygr,f/ uJ... tJ'Dawmh bmjzpfvJ/ tJ'DrSm
smart filters udk b,fvdk aygif;xnfh&rvJ/ Layer ty:rSm
oif ykHrSeftwdkif; filter aygif;xnfhr,fhenf;eJY twlwlygyJ/ tJ'D
avmufxdudk vG,fygw,f/

TRICK (2)

Smart Object odYk Filter wpfck oufa&mufapjcif;


bm&,fr[kwf erlemtjzpf unsharp mask filter ouf
Photoshop CS3 u smart filters udk smart objects &JU a&mufMunfhr,f/ Filter > Sharpen > Unsharp Mask odkY
pGrf;&nf csJUxGifrItjzpf awG;Munfhyg/ 'gaMumifh olwdkYudk okH;zdkY oGm;yg/ Settings awG pdwfBudKufxm;NyD; Ok udk uvpfESdyfyg/
t&ifqkH; smart object vdkygw,f/ Image udk smart object tJ'Davmufxd vG,fygw,f/
odkY ajymif;&ygr,f/ udk,fvdkcsifwJh layer ouf0ifapí Filter >
Convert For Smart Filters odYk oGm;yg/ yxrqk;H tBudrjf zpf&if
atmufyg Dialog box jrif&ygr,f/ 'D message udk tcgwdkif;
jrifzdkY rvdkygbl;/ "Don't show again" udk check trSwfjzKwf
cJhyg/ tjcm;wpfenf;tm;jzifh Layer> Smart Objects > Con-
vert To Smart Objects odkY oGm;Edkifygw,f/

126 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

aervJ/ wlnDaom smart object wpfckwnf;rSm filter wpfck


r[kwf rsm;pGm oufa&mufapEdkifpGrf;&Sd&if b,fheJYaervJ/ 'D fil-
ters awGrSm wpfckeJYwpfck oD;jcm; trSDtcdkuif;pGmjzifh opacity
eJY blend mode awGajymif;Edik &f if b,fEh , S af ervJ/Filters awG&UJ
xufatmuf tpDtpOfawGjyifum &v'ftopfawG? effects awG
zefwD;Edkif&if b,fhES,faervJ/ xdef;csKyfrI ydk&atmif filters
txJ filters awG qifu h iJ Hk tkypf zk UJG Edik &f if b,fEh ,S af ervJ/ Smart
filters eJYqdk&if jzpfEdkifpGrf;awGu tqkH; r&dSygbl;/

TRICK (3)

Filters settings udk BuKd u&f mtcsed rf mS jyefjyifjcif;


'D trick twGuf ckeyHkudkyJ tpu jyef,ljyD; Gaussian
Blur Smart Filter u Radius rSm 3 udk ay;yg/ 'gu wu,fawmh
vkyfcsifwJh effect twGuf setting rSm;,lrdwm jzpfw,f/ 'gudk
jyefjyifcsifygw,f/

uRefawmfwdkY ckav;wif yxrqkH; smart filter wpfck jyK


vkyfcJhNyD;ygNyD/ Layers palette rSm Munfhyg/ Smart object
layer atmufwnfhwnfhrSm "Smart Filters" qdkwJh tuGuf
uav; awGUr,f/ Object odkY tenf;qkH; smart filter wpfck
oufa&mufaeaMumif; &nfneT ;f w,f/"Smart Filters" pmom;&JU
b,fbufu tjzLa&mif av;axmifhuGuf[m mask wpfck jzpf
w,f/ yHkrSef standard layer mask rSmvdkYyJ smart object &JU
vdk&m tydkif;rSmom filter oufa&mufapzdkY cGifhjyKw,f/ Mask
&JU atmufwnfhwnfhrSmawmh tapmu oufa&mufapcJhwJh Un-
sharp Mask Filter udk awGU&ygr,f/ ykr H eS f Layer tay:r[kwb
f J
smart object tay: oufa&mufapcJhwmjzpfvdkY smart filter
tvdktavsmuf jzpfvmygw,f/ Smart filter zefwD;zdkY 'Dhxuf
ydkNyD; bmrSrvdkygbl;/
Layer odYk filter wpfck ykr
H eS t
f wdik ;f ay;onfh enf;wl smart
object odkY filter wpfck oufa&mufapvdkuf½kHygyJ/
Ok/ oif awG;aumif; awG;aer,f/ 'gyJvm;/ emrnfvS
vSav;wpfckeJY mask wpfck/ 'gyJvm;/
r[kwfyg/ oif a&SUqufvkyfaqmif&if; tqifhaygif; 50?
100? 500/ NyD;rS b,ftcsdefrSmrqdk jyefvmNyD; filter &JU set-
tings awG jyifEdkifpGrf;&Sd&if b,fhES,faervJ/ Image quality
rusapbJ xyfcgxyfcgxyfcg settings awGjyifEdkif&if b,fhES,f

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 127


Layer palette u jyefjyifcsifwJY filter trnftay:rSm
double-click ESy
d &f if filter twGuf dialog box ac:ay;ygw,f/
Layer style rSm vkyf&wmeJY twlwlygyJ/ rlv Gaussian Blur
smart filter rSm radius 3 ay;xm;&muae 13 ajymif;ay;zkdY
erlemjyxm;ay;ygw,f/

TRICK (4)

Smart filter tay: blend mode ESihf opacity settings ajymif;


vJ jcif;
Layer palette u
smart filter trnf nm
bufab;&Sd slider bars
eJY wlaom icon av;
tay: double-click EdyS f
&ygw,f/ Smart filter
&J U blending option
dialog box ac:ay;yg
w,f/
Mode rS m Soft
Light xm;w,f/ Opa-
ctiy udk 75 odkY avQmhyg
w,f/

TRICK (5)
aemufxyf filter wpfck oufa&mufapjcif;
bmrS xl;xl;jcm;jcm;vkyfp&mrvdkygbl;/ xdk smart ob-
ject ouf0ifqr J mS aemufxyf BudKu&f m filter oufa&mufapvdu
k f 'Dvkd jyifvG,fajymif;vG,f jzpfvGef;rIaMumifh trsdK;rsdK;
½kHygyJ/ Layer palette rSm update tajctae jrif&ygr,f/ prf;oyf zefwD;MunfhzdkY&m jzpfEdkifoGm;ygw,f/

128 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


IT Professional

Systems Analysis & Design


12: Statechart diagram :Concurrent Behaviour

ywf vkyaf qmifciG jhf yKwJh Microsoft Win- 'Do;Hk ckMum;wpfvn S phf D tvSnahf y; aqmif
dows operating system eJY uRefawmf &Gufay;&w,f/ tm;vkH;u vIyf&Sm; ouf
wdkY trsm;pk &if;ESD; uRrf;0ifMuygw,f/ 0ifvsuf&SdjyD; vdktyfwJh function awG
Oyrmtm;jzifh oifu word processor vkyfaqmifEdkifzdkY&m CPU time &JU micro-
eJY pma&;aepOf Internet browser eJY zdkif second awG tvSnfhus ywfcsmvnf
tcsdKUudk download csaejyD; Print Man- cGJa0ay;&ygw,f/
ager u aemufcH background rSm print t&ifvawGu oifcef;pmrSm con-
job tcsdKU run aer,f/ ‘'g[m concur- current behaviour udk ud, k pf m;jyK azmfjy
rent behaviour yJ jzpfygw,f/ 'D pro- zdkY&m enf;wpfcktjzpf composite state
gram awG tm;vk;H wpfjydKifwnf;rSm ouf taMumif; aqG;aEG;cJzh ;l ygw,f/'Dtydik ;f rSm
0if vIyf&Sm;aeNyD; operating system u awmh xdkcsnf;uyfenf;udk jyefvnf ½Ijrif

State
yk-H 1

Concurrent behaviour > State > State


qdkwmtvG,fqkH; ajym&&if
&nf;pm;ESpfa,muf
tNydKifxm;&wmeJY wlygw,f/
wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf
> State > State
rodapbJ tcsdefeJY*½kpdkufrIawG
rQwpGmcGJa0ay;&r,f/
(a)
,aeY event-driven systems awG
rSm tNydKiftjyKtrl concurrent be- > State >
haviour udk azmfjyEdkifpGrf;u ydkí ydkí
ta&;ygvmw,f/ Concurrent beha- > >
viour qdwk m object wpfcu k t&mrsm;pGm
tjydKifvkyfEkdifjcif;udk qdkvdkw,f/wpfcsdef > State >
wnf;rSm program rsm;pGmukd zGiNhf yD; vnf
(b)

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 129


IT eProfessional
uG yf sLwmtaxGaxG

> State > State

OR

>
State

> State

> AND

> State

okH;oyfí concurrent behaviour udk w,f/Threads rsm;pGmudk wpfckwnf; tcg customer object topfudk zefwD;
model yHkpHjyKzdkY&m tjcm;enf;wpfck rdwf aom thread tjzpf jyefíaygif;pyfzdkU&m jyKvkyNf yD; active state rSm&Sad pr,f/ Com-
qufwifjyay;ygr,f/ vnf; xdw k nl aD om teufa&mifrsOf;vdik ;f posite state jzpfwJh active state twGif;
Statechart diagram [m con-cur- xlxludkyJ okH;ygw,f/ rSm tuefYi,f compartment ESpfckjzifh
rent behaviour udk multiple path tjydKif ykH(2) rSm output transitions trsdK; tjydKif thread ESpfckudk udk,fpm;jyK azmfjy
vrf;aMumif;rsm;eJY udk,fpm;jyK azmfjyyg tpm;eSpfcktMum; uGmjcm;csufudk o½kyf w,f/ tay:buf tuefYi,fu thread
w,f/ oD;jcm;vrf;aMumif; path wpfckpD azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ State wpfckrS cGJjzm [m customer &JU purchasing status
udk thread vdkY ac:ygw,f/ ykH (1) rSm xGuv f mwJh transitions ESpcf u
k Okd R con- udk azmfjyw,f/ rsm;rsm;0,fwhJ customer
concurrent behaviour &JU multiple dition vdkYqdkEdkifw,f/ vrf;aMumif; path [m special customer jzpfvmNyD; tydk
threads awGudk nTef;qdkzdkY statechart wpfckr[kwf wpfckudkawmh ,lEdkifw,f/ xyfaqmif; tusdK;tjrwfawG vufcH &&Sd
diagram rSm ok;H wJt h rSwt
f om; ykpH EH pS rf sKd ; 'gayr,fh ESpfckpvkH;awmh wpfjydKifwnf; w,f/ atmufbufu tuefYi,frmS awmh
udk jyxm;ygw,f/ Part(a) [m tapmydik ;f r,lEdkifbl;/ jydKifus csdefudkuf rsOf;vdkif; customer wpfOD;rSm rsm;jym;xl;uJwJh
awGwkef;u o½kyfazmfjycJhzl;ovdk com- synchronization bar u xGufvmwJh outstanding order &Sd r&Sd apmifhMunfh
partments tuefYi,fav;rsm;pGmygwJh transitions ESpfckuawmh AND condi- aom thread wpfcyk g&Sw d ,f/ 'D threads
composite state jzpfygw,f/ Part(b) tion vdkY qdkEdkifw,f/ Path vrf;aMumif; ESpcf [
k m vk;H 0udok ;D jcm;jzpf trSt
D cdk uif;
rSmawmh transition wpfckwnf;u tNydKif wpfa&mESpyf g wpfjydKifwnf; ,l&ygw,f/ vGwfw,f/ tuefYwpfcktwGif; state
vrf;aMumif; con current paths rsm;pGm yHk (3) rSmawmh RMO customer awGtMum; a&TUajymif;rI[m tjcm;tuefY
cGJxGufyHk o½kyfazmfjyxm;w,f/ xlxJwJh twG u f concurrent behaviour ud k tay: oufa&mufrI r&Sdbl;/
a'gifvdkufrsOf;udk synchronization composite state jzifh erlemjyxm;w,f/ Path vrf;aMumif;wpfckpD[m pOD;
pseudostat vdkY ac:w,f/ vrf;aMumif; RMO system twGif; customer ob- initial pseudostate jzifhponfudk owd
wpfckrS threads rsm;pGmodkU cGJxGuf&m ject udk jyKvkyfzefwD;,lNyD;wmeJY active jyKyg/ Initial pseudostate [m tuefY
point trSwfudk &nfnTef;w,f/ Part(b) odkYr[kwf inactive state wpfckr[kwf wpfckpDtwGif; path vrf;aMumif;p&mudk
rSmMunfh&if txGuf jrm;ESpfpif;twdkif; wpfckrSm &Sdaer,f/ Customer u yxr nTefjyw,f/ Customer object u ob-
threads rsm;pGm ouf0ifvIyf&Sm;vsuf &Sd qHk;tjzpf RMO udk contacts vkyfwJh ject state twGif; 0ifoGm;wJhtcg ¤if;u

130 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf ITsLwmtaxG
Professional
axG

compartment tuefYwdkif;odkY tjydKif twdkif; composite active state ryg0if eJY olYudk udk,fpm;jyKaom twGif;ydkif;
concurrently 0ifa&mufomG ;jcif;yJ jzpfyg jcif;jzpfw,f/ oifhtaejzifh customer customer object jzpfygw,f/ Com-
w,f/ Object u composite state rS odkY txufydkif;tqifh high-level con- puter customer [m system twGuf
xGufcGmwJhtcg ¤if;u compartment dition &nfnTef; azmfjyzdkY&m vdktyf&if yHk ta&;MuD;aom wu,fhtjyifu custo-
wkdif;eJYtwGif;ikH embedded compart- (3) u ydkaumif;wJh csOf;uyfenf; jzpf mer taMumif;owif;tcsufawG xdef;
ment wdkif;udkyg pGefYcGmvmcJhjcif; jzpfyg w,f/ 'DvdkrSr[kwf&ifawmh Analyst &JU
w,f/ yHk (3) rSm Munfh&if customer u tBudKufay: tajccHí qGx J m;jcif;om jzpf
wpfESpftwGif; bmrSr0,f&if inactive r,fh b,fykHrqdk vufcHEdkifp&m jzpfyg
state odkY a&mufoGm;r,f/olu order w,f/
wpfckrSm,lwJhtcg active state xJ jyef Customer qd k w m uG e f y sLwm
vmr,f/ twGif; rSwfom;zdkYjyKvkyfxm;wJh udk,f
yHk (4) uawmh synchronization pm;jyK trSwftom; artifact eJY oD;jcm;
pseudostates udk okH;jyD; concurrent uif ; vG w f í tjyif u rÇ m rS m wu,f
paths awG jyxm;wJhtjcm; statechart taumiftxnfvdkuf &SdwmowdjyKyg/
ykpH w
H pfrsdK; jzpfygw,f/ Statecharts ESpcf k 'gaMumifh trSefwu,frSm customer
tMum; uGmjcm;csufudkMunfh&if yHk (2) ykHpHESpfrsdK; &Sdygw,f/ Customer vlyk*Kd¾ vf

PlaceOrder ( )
Inactive
>

PlaceOrder ( ) AfterNoOrder (1 year)


>
>

Active

StartNewYear / Zero annual purchases


>

Regular Special

> do/accum >


annual purchases [annual purchases > 1000] do/accum
do/accum lifetime purchases
lifetime purchases

PlaceOrder ( )
>

Has
[outstanding order] Has no
outstanding
> > orders
order
>

ShipOrder( ) [No outstanding order]


>

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 131


IT eProfessional
uG yf sLwmtaxGaxG

odrf;xm;zdkY&m vkyf,lzefwD;xm;wJht&m 'D statechart [m customer wpf wifqufoGm;ygr,f/


jzpfw,f/ xdk artifact twka,mifypönf; OD;&JU jzpfpOfudk systems &JU ½IaxmifhrS thread:vIyf&Sm; ouf0ifvsuf&Sdonfh
&JUstate eJY transitions awG[m tjyif udk,fpm;jyKazmfjyw,f/ States awG[m vrf;aMumif; path wpfck/ txl;
wu,fhavmu customer &JU jyKrl vkyf RMO rS ajc&maumufvw kd hJ ta&;ygaom ojzifh path rsm;pGm wpfûydifwnf;
aqmif r I actions eJ Y states awG u d k jzpfwnfaerI "states of being" jzpfyg ouf0ifEkdifonfhtcg wnf&Sdvm
wduspGm a&mifjyef[yfEikd zf Ykd MudK;pm;w,f/ w,f/ "zkef;ac:qdkjcif;" eJY "item wpfck onf/
'D statechart diagram twGif;u tran- jyefydkYjcif;" wdkYvdk states awGu ajc&m
sitions rsm;pGm[m jyify customer &JU aumufzdkY&m ta&;BuD;wJh states awG Synchrorization pseudostate: tran-
vkyfaqmifrI action aMumifh trigger jzpf r[kwfyg/ Statechart wpfck azmfxkwf&m sition wpfckrS threads rsm;pGmokdY
armif;jzKwf jzpfay:w,f/ trSm order rSm system wpfcku ajc&maumufzdkY&m cJGxGufEkdifaom okdYr[kwf thread
wpfcjk yKvkyjf cif;uJo
h Ykd jzpfygw,f/ tjcm; ta&;BuD;wJh states awG qkH;jzwfzdkY ana- wpfcwk nf;okYd jyefaygif;Ekid af om yGKd ifh
transition awGuawmh RMO rS cus- lysis udk txl;*½k"r®xm;í vkyfzdkY&m vdk trSwfukd nTefjyonfh axmifvdkuf
tomer taMumif; xde;f odr;f xm;vdw k hJ in- ygw,f/ rsOf;xl/
ternal information oufouftwGuf Statechart development vrf ; Modula-2
om tokH;jyKygw,f/ nTef guidelines rsm;udk a&SUvrSm qufí

132 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Premiere

Quick Text Tutorials


,ckvoifcef;pmwGif pmvHk;rsm; tjref 4. Project panel rS computer folder
ay:vmatmifESifh pmom;udk tvif;xdk; udk zGichf say;yg/ tpdr;f a&mif icon jzifh
aom oifcef;pmrsm;udk avhvm&rSmjzpfyg &Sdaom computer sequence udk
w,f/ pmom;rsm; tjrefay:atmif jyKvkyf video 2 track xJodkY qGJxnfhay;yg/
zdkYtwGuf yxrOD;pGm photoshop xJwGif Computer pmvH k ; wpf c k c sif ; pD j zpf
layer rsm;cGJí vkyfaqmifay;&rSmjzpfyg atmif qufvufjyKvkyfMunfhygr,f/
w,f/
1. Adobe Photoshop xJ o d k Y 0 if y g/ 5. Video 2 track rS computer pmom;
File > New jzifh atmufygsetting ay:wGif ESpfcsufESdyfay;yg/Photo-
rsm;twdik ;f pmrsuEf mS wpfck zefw;D ay; shop wGif layer cGJxm;onfhtwkdif;
yg/ track rsm;udk jrifawGY&ygr,f/ Track
size : NTSCDV , Width : 720 px, rsm; tjrifusOf;aeyguTimeline
height: 480 px , Resolution : 72, 3. Adobe premiere pro xJodkY0ifí atmufajc slider bar rS jrifuGif;
New project topfwpfck ,lay;yg/ us,fatmif qGJqefYEkdifygw,f/
Color Mode : RGB , Background
File > import jzifh odrf;xm;aom
Contents: Transparent
computer .psd file udk zGifhay;yg/
Import layer file dialog box xJrS
Imporl As: ae&mwGif Sequence udk
a&G;í OK wGifESdyfyg/ Project panel
xJwGif computer folder wpfcktae
jzifh &&Sdvmygr,f/

2. Tools panel xJrS Type tool jzifh 6. Computer pmvHk;rsm;udk wpfvHk;csif;


computer pmom; ½dkufxnfhay;yg/ pDay:vmatmif jyKvkyrf mS jzpfygw,f/
pmom;ta&mifEiS hf pmom;t&G,t f pm; pmvHk;wpfckcsif;pD&JU vIyf&Sm;rIMumcsdef
udk oifhawmfovdk a&G;cs,fay;yg/ udk 1 second xm;ygr,f/ pmvHk; 8
Computer pmvH k ; wpf c k c sif ; pD u d k vHk;&SdwJhtwGuf total Mumcsdef[m 8
layer wpfckpDjzifh zefwD;ay;yg/ File second jzpfygvdrfhr,f/ 'gaMumifh
> Save > computer emrnfjzifh odr;f pmvHk;vIyf&Sm;rIjyD;wmeJY computer
ay;yg/ Photoshop xJrS xGufay; pmom;tm;vH;k udk cPjrif&&eftwGuf
yg/ Mumcsdefudk 1 second owfrSwfyg
r,f/ Total MumcsdefrSm 9 second
jzpfygvdrfhr,f/

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 133


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

7. Track wpfckcsif;pDtwGuf Duration 10. Timeline xJrS 00: 00: 00: 00 jyxm; 12. tqifh 11 twkdif; usefpmvHk;rsm;udk
rsm; owfrw S Mf unfyh gr,f/ C\Comp aom Duration ae&mwGif click ESyd í
f vIyf&Sm;rI jyKvkyfay;yg/ M pmvHk;&JU
track wGicf lick ESy
d yf g/ Clip > Speed/ 100 ½kdufxnfhay;yg/ Edit line rSm 1 keyframe rSm 2 to 3 second jzpf&ef
Duration udk a&G;yg/ Clip Spee/ second od k Y a&muf o G m ;ygr,f / 9 rS 3 to 4 second ? xdktwkdif;
Duration box rS nmbuf&Sd link Effect Controls rS scale nmbuf&Sd keyframe rsm;owfrSwfí yxrqHk;
Icon wGifESdyf? link udk jzKwfxm;yg/ Add/Remove keyframe wGifESdyfí keyframe wkdif;wGif scale wefzdk;udk
9 second xm;&eftwGuf Duration keyframe xyfxnfhay;yg/ 0 owfrSwfay;yg/ Centre rSaeí
wGi;f 9:00 ½duk xf nfí h OK wGif click pmvHk; rsm;ao;&mrS e*dkpmom;yHkpHodkY
ESdyfyg/ vsifjref aom vIyf&Sm;rIwpfcktjzpf
jrifawGY&yg r,f/ File > Save jzifh
odrf;ay;yg/

8. tqifh 7 rStwkdif; usef track rsm;udk


vnf; 9 second pDxm;ay;yg/ File
rsm;&JU tqHk;em;wGif mouse pointer
wifyg/ teDa&mifjrm; arrow ay:vm
yguvnf; qGJcsJUEkdifygw,f/
11. Homekey ESdyfí yxr keyframe 13. Timeline xJrS Sequence 01 tab
ae&modYkEditline udk a&TUay;yg/ Scale wGif click ESdyfay;yg/ Video 2 track
wefzdk;udk 0 ½dkufxnfhay;yg/ txuf wGif xnfhxm;aom computer file
ygtwkid ;f 0 track &Sd pmvH;k udk vIy&f mS ; udk jrifawGY&ygr,f/ Computer file
rI jyKvkyfyghr,f/ 0 track rS file wGif &JUDuration rSm Timeline computer
click ESy
d yf g/ Duration ae&mwGif 100 sequence wGiz f efw;D xm;aompmvH;k
½dkufxnfhyg/ Effect Controls rS rsm;&JUDuration awGxuf enf;aeyg
9. yxrqHk;vIyf&Sm;rIudk jyKvkyfygr,f/ Scale wGif keyframe xnfhay;yg/ u pmvHk;vIyf&Sm;rItm;vHk;udk jrifawGY
Timeline xJrS track file udk click 2 second ae&mwGif keyframe xnfh &rSm r[kwfyg/ 'gaMumifh computer
ESyd yf g/Effect Controls xJrS Motion &ef Duration wGif 200 ½dkufí key- file ay:wGif nmbuf click ESdyfí
effect udk zGifhcsay;yg/ Home key frame xyfxnfhay;yg/ 1 second speed/ Duration udk a&G;yg/Link udk
ESdyfí Edit line udk a&SUodkYa&TUxm;yg/ wGif&Sdaom keyframe ae&mrS scale jzKwfí Duration wGif 900 ½du k x
f nfh
Scale pmom;a&SU&Sd Toggle anima- wefzdk;udk 0 xm;ay;yg/ Play ESdyfí í Duration wlatmif owfrSwfay;
tion wGif click ESydí
f keyframe xnfh preview Munfhay;yg/ &ygr,f/
ay;yg/
14. aemufcH video file xnfh&eftwGuf
File> Import jzifh video file wpfcu
k kd
ac:xnfhay;yg/ Project panel rS
video file udk vedio 1 track xJodkY
qGJxnfhay;yg/ Play ESdyfí preview
Munfhay;yg/

134 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

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extension jzifh xkwf,lvdkygu File 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
toH;k jyKMunfyh g/ VCD format tae 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
format jzpfí MPEG2 rSm DVD 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
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Format jzpfygw,f/ 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
 Video Format M-JPEG playback
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
 Picture Format JPEG/BMP
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
rsK;d rif;xGe;f 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
 Display photos continuously or randomly
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
 Multi-language: English, Simplified/Traditional Chinese, Spanish French,
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
German, Dutch, Italian
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
 Rotate Left/right Rotate image counter-clockwise 90°/180°/270°
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 135


Q &A

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k u
hf eG yf sLwmemrnf ud,
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udkzGifhyg/ ay:vmwJh System Proper- av; vif;aewmudk awGU&ygw,f/ Win-
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name: qdkjyD; jyaeygvdrfhr,f/ xdkYtjyif SD card taMumif; ravhvmvdkYyg ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh uGefysLwmzGifhwdkif;
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136 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


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- Internet Explorer (Title and Start (3) Temporarily Disable Real Time
Page) &JU parameters udk zsufygw,f/ Monitoring Programs
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er\Main uStart Page odYk r[kwf tcsuf onfh program rsm;tm; taESmihft,Suf
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- 'DvdkzdkifawG&dSaejyDqdk&if uGefysLwmudk disabled vkyfxm;jyD; &Sif;vif;rI jyD;onfh
zGifhvdkufwdkif; odkYr[kwf partition wpfck tcg jyefzGifhEdkifygw,f/
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CURRENT_MACHINE\ Software\ t"dutcsuftjzpf viruses,spy- nTefMum;csufrsm;twdkif; aqmif&Gufyg/
Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion ware, malware wdkYudk &Sif;xkwf&r,fvdkY xdkYaemuf Perform full scan vkyfyg/
\ Run wGif MS32DLL.dll. vbs qdkjyD; qdkygw,f/ ¤if;twGuf atmufazmfjyyg
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Windows\ Current Version\Winlog Avast, Comodo, Zonealarm wdkYudk
on wGif Shell --- <System>\ wscript. nTef;xm;ygw,f/
exe <System>\ killVBS.vbs jzpfyg
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vnf; Userinit - <System> \wscript. (5) SuperAntiSpyware Home
vdkufyg/ Windows eJY applications
Edition Free Version
exe <System>\killVBS.vbs vdkY tpm; (box) tm;vHk;udk trSwfjcpf a&G;cs,fyg/
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cs&,lyg/ aqmhzf0JudkwifjyD;vQif uGefysL
wmwGif scan (Perform Complete
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(6) Update your Java Runtime Envi-


ronment
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Java versions rsm;ud k toH k ; cswwf
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version udk update vkyfoifhygw,f/
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udk uvpfvkyfyg/ New version udk
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sion udk uninstall vkyfvdkufyg/

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 137


uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

tjcm; enf;vrf;rsm; drive (USB drive) udk wyfjyD;wmeJY tJ'D


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Internet Explorer &JU Title Bar rSm bmrS bl;qdk&if Done qdkjyD; vkyfief;pOfjyD;pD;
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xm;wJh Adkif;&yfpfowfaqmhzf0JudkoHk;jyD; ¤if;wGif Remove Virus From Hard
scan vkyfyg/ uRefawmfhtaeeJY Kasper- dsik, Remove Virus From USB Drive
sky AntiVirus 800.4.5.4 udk oH;k ygw,f/ eJY Restore Windows Default Set-
- Recent, Temp, %tmp%, %temp% tings wdkYyg0ifMuvdkY uRefawmfwdkY tm;
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*.vbs vdkY ½dkufxnfhjyD;&Smyg/ KillVBS. Chrome Adi
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txufyg vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;jyD;&if rzsufygeJY/ aemuf MS32 DLL.dll.vbs
Munhf&mü yHkawGu wpf0ufavmuf ysuf
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&if latest version udk &,lyg/ ¤if; -Registry rSm0ifjyifwhJ tawGUtMuHK&d&S if
ay:ygw,f/ yHkawGu t&if vHk;0rysuf
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2)SuperAntiSpyware log
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3) Hijackthis log
wmjzpfvYdk Flash_Disinfector.exe qdwk hJ
¤if;onf Chrome Akdif;&yfpfvdkYom
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trnfwyfvdkufygr,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJqdk
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log qdkjyD; log 3 ck &ygr,f/ ¤if;wdkYwGif
*.txt odkYr[kwf *.log zdkifrsm;udk zGifhzwf
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qdkufwpfckckrSm paste vkyfar;jref;Edkifyg
w,f/

138 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

C:\Windows udz k iG jhf yD; chrome.exe zdik u


f kd run vdkufyg/ jyD;&ifuGefysLwmudk restart
&Smyg/ odkYr[kwf bravizx. exe udk&SmjyD; jyefvkyfyg/
delete vkyfzsufvdkufyg/ - tJ'AD ikd ;f &yfpaf ojyDq&kd if useaf ewJh web
- Recent, Temp, %tmp%, %temp% cam yHkygwJh zdkvf'g odkYr[kwf zdkifrsm;udk
ponfwdkYudk 0ifjyD; zdkifrsm;udk zsufyg/ manual enf;eJY delete vkyf zsufEi kd yf gjyD/
- Registry wGif HKEY_ LOCAL_ - Adkif;&yfpfowf aqmhzf0Jrsm;taeeJY
MAHCINE\ Software\Microsoft\ Symantec Anti-Virus, Kaspersky,
Windows NT \Current Version\Win USB Virus Scan wdkYudk oHk;Munhfyg/
logon odkY tqifhqifh0ifjyD; nmbuf
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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 139


uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

Bluetooth System onf uGefysL Microsoft Office udk b,fvdk a&; w,f/ aemufjyD; uGeyf sLwmrSm tJ'D MP3
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140 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

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2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 141


uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

-KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE> Flash Disinfector 'D


Software>Microsoft> Win- aqmhzf0Judk install vkyfyg/ aemuf
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rSm auto=%System%\iMos. exe threat found vdkY jyygvdrfhr,f/
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- tJ'DrSm teDa&mif PDF file icon eJYyg/ tJ'g Smart Virus Remover 1.43.1
[autorun] PageMaker zdkifwpfzdkifudk PDF zdkifodkY aemufwpfcku Smart Virus Re-
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shell\open\Command= iMos.exe bmqufvkyf&r,fudk a&;jyay;yg/ Delete Autorun.inf files
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142 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


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146 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar
Photoshop

Watercolor effect zefwD;jcif;


tqifh «1» tqifh «3»
oifeffect xnfhoGif;vdkonfh½kyfyHkudkzGifhyg/ Ctrl+J ESdyfNyD; xdk Layer udkyJ xyfí aumfyDyGm;yg/Ctrl+I
EdSyfNyD; invert vkyfyg/ Layer blend mode rSm color dodge
odYkajymif;yg/ Filter > Other > Minium >1 odYk ajymif;yg/ Blend-
ing option udkac:zdkY&m Layer 1 copy tay: double-click
EdSyfyg/ Alt+left click ESdyf&if; ykHygtwkdif; csdefnd§yg/

tqifh «4»
Ctrl+E ESdyfNyD; layers ESpfckpvkH; aygif;yg/ xdk Layer 1 udk
Ctrl+J jzifh jyefí aumfyDyGm;yg/ Layer 1 copy udka&G;NyD; Filter
> Blur > Gaussian Blur > Radius 6 ay;yg/ Layer blend
mode udk linear burn odkY xm;yg/

tqifh «2»
Ctrl+J udk ESdyfNyD;layer udkyGm;yg/ Shift+Ctrl+U udk ESdyfí
desaturate vkyfyg/

Background
layer udk Ctrl+J jzifh
aumfyDyGm;yg/ Back-
ground copy layer
udk tay:qkH;odkY wif
NyD ; layer blend
mode udk color rSm
xm;yg/

tqifh «5»
Background
copy layer udka&G;NyD;

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 147


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

layer mask aygif;xnfhum


teufa&mifjznfhyg/

tqifh «6»
Background copy layer
&JU rl&if;thumbnail u yHkyg
twdkif; a&G;xm;pOf Image >
Adjustment>Curves odkYoGm;
í jyxm;onfhtwdkif; xm;yg/

Before

tqifh «7» After


Layer topfjyKvkyfNyD; tay:qkH;rSm xm;yg/ ta&mifudk
#ffecd1 eJY jznfhyg/ Layer blend mode udk linear burn rSm
xm;yg/

tqifh «8»
Layer 1 udka&G;NyD; opacity 60% xm;yg/ odkYr[kwf
tqifajyovkd xm;Edkifygw,f/ Background copy layer’s
mask udk jyefa&G;yg/ 45px soft brush, opacity 65% eJY
rsufESmwpf0dkufjc,fyg/ yHkrSmMunfhyg/ uGmjcm;csufudk ,SOfMunfh
yg/

148 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Office 2007

Document wGif table toH;k jyKjcif;


Word wGif Z,m;uGuf (Table) wnf onf/ Document wGif table wnf
aqmufjcif; odrYk [kwf table udk toH;k jyKjcif; aqmufum pmom;rsm;? yHkrsm;udk tkyfpkzGJU
ESihyf wfoufí uGefysLwmoH;k olrsm; odxm; jyD; xnfhxm;Edkifonf/ oifonf docu-
MujyD;jzpfonff/ Word wGif table wnf ment udk tajymif;tvJrsm;vkyo f nfwh ikd f
aqmufo;kH jcif;udk tcsKu
Ud document tm; ¤if;table onf ajymif;roGm;yg/ xdYk tjyif
t½kyfqdk;aponf[k xifMuonf/ tcsKdUu table udk pmzwfow l Ykd pGrJ ufz,
G jf zpfatmif
table onf Microsoft Excel twGuo f m aemufcH½kyfyHkxnfhjcif;? abmifta&mif
oifhawmfonf[kqdkMuonf/ wu,fwrf; tem;uGyfjcif; ponf jyKvkyfEdkifonf/
wGif table udk pepfwus aumif;pGm wnf oif\ document wGi f ta&;ygaomyHpk H
aqmufEikd yf gu page design ESihf printed odkYr[kwf tpdwftydkif;tjzpf jrifomap
page twGuo f mru Web page twGuf &ef zefwD;Edkifygonf/ pmrsufESmwGif
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tydik ;f tjzpfjyEdik o
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tcsuftvufrsm;udk table wGif pkpnf; *Pef;rsm;udk pmzwfojl rifomap&ef jy&m Insert Table box wGif a&G;cs,f p&m ydk
xnfoh iG ;f jcif; ü table onf toHk;0ifygonf/ vmygonf/ tqdyk g box udk toHk;jyK
Word wGif table wnfaqmufjcif; ¤if; table rsm;udk wnfaqmuf& column udk twd tus
udk uGefysLwmorm;rsm;od&dSxm;jyD; jzpf vG,fulovdk jyifqifjcif;twGufvnf; owfrw S af y;Edik o
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tqifajyygonf/

tqifajyonf/ Word 2007 wGif table


\toGiftjyifrsm; ydkrdk jrifhrm;vmonf/
Oyrmtm;jzifh table udk wnfaqmuf&mü
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oHk;Edkifonf/ Table tuGufrsm;udk xyfrH
jznfhxnfhEdkifonf/ rvdkygu rows ESifh
columns rsm;udk jyefzsuE f ikd o
f nf/ Table
tuGufrsm;wGif ta&mifxnfhEdkifonf/
Ribbon wGif Insert (tab) odYk ajymif;jy;D Tables tkypf rk S Tables yHu k kd uvpfvyk fyg/ Format yHp k rH sm; ajymif;Edik of nf/ oifonf
Table menu yGiv hf myg rnf/ ¤if;wGif grid tuGut f ay:oYkd armufpf jrm;OD;wifjy;D ud e f ; *Pef ; rsm;? pm&if ; Z,m;rsm;ud k
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f nf/ yHw spreadsheet ESifh tvm;wl wnfaqmuf

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 149


vkyfyg/ armufpfumqm ae&mcsxm;cJh
onfh pmrsufESmwGif table wpfck tvdk
tavsmuf wnfaqmufay;ygvdrfhrnf/

enf;vrf; (2)
¤if;Tables tkypf rk S tables [laom
pmom;atmuf & d S Mwd * H y H k j rm;ud k v nf ;
uvpfvkyfí zGifhEdkifonf/ Insert Table
pmrsuEf mS wpfae&mwGif
(menu box) ay:vmygrnf/ enf;vrf;(1)
armufpu f vpfp,ljy;D cJwH yHo
k @mef
twdkif; jzpfonf/
(armufpfumqm) jzifhaxmifvdkuf drag
¤if ; wG i f tajccH t m;jzif h table
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odkYr[kwf Draw Table (icon) udk jzpfvmygrnf/
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qGjJ cif; jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif thMH ozG,f uD;bkww f iG f Alt+N+ TI uD;cvkwf
vkyaf qmif csuu f kd awGEU ikd o
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qJvf uGurf sm;udk a&mifpkH xnfEh ikd jf y;D Insert Table(menu box)ay:vmjyD;( I )
aemufcH ESihf tem;abmifrsm;udk vSyatmif cvkwfudk qufEdSyfygu Insert Table
'DZikd ;f xkwaf &;qGEJ ikd o
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document twGuf pGJrufzG,f table columns rsm;ud k a&G ; cs,f E d k i f o nf /
jzpfatmif jyK vkyaf y;Edik o f nf/ xdkYtjyif atmufazmfjyygtcsufrsm;udk tqdyk g qJvu f u G \
f xdyw f pfae&mwGif
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Edik o
f nf/Word 2007 wGif Quick Tables drag qGJyg/ xdktcg table wGif
udk jyKvkyfEdkifjyD; jyu©'defuJhodkY format Fixed column width qJvEf pS u
f uG f jzpfomG ;ygrnf/
rsm;udkyif wnfaqmufEdkifygonf/ pmrsufESmwGif aumfvHrsm;udkpD&mü
tus,t f 0ef; wlnw D u
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Table wnfaqmufjcif; ay;onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh pm&Guf\
oifonf Word wGif table wnf tus,ftwdkif; aumfvHrsm;udk tus,f
aqmufjcif;udk rjyKvkyfbl;ol? tawGU wlnDpGm jyay;jcif;jzpfonf/
tMuHKr&dSol qdkygpdkY/ ¤if;twGuf vG,ful
onfh enf;vrf;rsm;udk a&;ygrnf/ ,ck AutoFit to contents
table wnfaqmuf&ef yxrqHk; pzGifh& ¤if;onf aumfvHtwGif;pmom; qJvfwpfuGuf\ tv,frS armufpf
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Word 2007 \ Ribbon wG i f
Insert (tab) odYk ajymif;yg/ Tables tkyp
f rk S AutoFit to window wDADG? c&D;aqmifrD'D,mpuf ponfwdkY
Tables yHk (mini table map) udk uvpf ¤if;onf y&ifhxkwf,lrnfh docu- twGuf 'DZikd ;f xkwaf &;qG&J jcif;jzpf&m puf
vkyfyg/ ments rsm;xuf Web pages twGuf tm;vHk;ESifh tqifajyajyMunhfEdkif&ef pm
ay:vmaom Insert Table (menu ydí
k oifah wmfonf/ txl;ojzifbh rowser rsufESmudk pDpOf&jcif;jzpfonf/ wpfenf;
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ydGKifwmwifjyD; oifwnf aqmufvkdonfh Edkifonf? csKHUay;Edkifonf/ Web pages udkufnDatmif table udk csKHU? csJUvkyfay;
table t&G,ftpm;udka&G;cs,fjyD; uvpf rsm;onf uGefysLwmtrsKd;rsKd;? qJvfzkef;? onf[q k Ekd ikd o
f nf/ AutoFit table onf

150 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

ay;EdkifjyD;table vdkif;rsm;udk ta&mifpHkjzifh


a&;qGJEdkifonf/ Draw Table (icon) udk
armufpu f vpfvyk jf yD; qufvufa&;qGEJ ikd f
ovdk Eraser (icon) udk uvpfvkyfjyD;
rvdck siof nft h ydik ;f udk jyefzsuEf ikd yf gonf/
- Alt+N+TD uD;cvkwfrsm;udkoHk;jyD;
armufpfjzifh manually a&;qGJEdkifonf/ Table \ tay:q;kH aumfvw
H pfae&may:oYkd
armufpu f mqmudk a&TMU unhyf g/ armufpf
enf;vrf; (6) umqmonf trJa&mif jrm;uav;tjzpf
- Excel Spreadsheet udk uvpfvkyf ajymif;oGm;ygvrd rhf nf/ tqdyk g jrm;yHjk zifh
zGifhjyD; Excel rSm uJhodkY table udk wnf armufpu f kd EdyS fxm;jy;D drag vkyjf cif;jzifh
aqmufEdkifonf/ Table udk csKHUEdkif csJUEdkif tjcm; aumfvHwpfck odkYr[kwf aumfvH
onf/ ¤if;wGif yHk&dyf image udk oHk;ae& rsm;tm; select vkyaf &G;cs,Ef ikd o f nf/
ouJhodkY jzpfonf/
Row udv k nf; tqdyk genf;jzifh a&G;cs,f
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Edik fonf/ b,fbuf rm*siaf y:oYkd umqm
tjrefwnfaqmufvo kd nft h cg Quick enf;vrf; (7)
wifjy;D trJa&mif jrm;av;ay:vmygu
Tables udk oH;k Edik o f nf/ Quick Table... - Quick Tables udkoHk;jyD; MudKwifwnf
row udk a&G;cs,Ef ikd yf gonf/
(icon) udk uvpfvkyfyg/ odkYr[kwf aqmufay;xm;onfh table templates
(Alt+N, TT) cvkwrf sm;udk EdyS yf g/ Built- rsm;udk oH;k Edik o
f nf/ txl;ojzifh jyu©'ed ?f
In (menu box) ay:vmygrnf/ ¤if;wGif pm&if;Z,m;udk wnfaqmufEdkifonf/ pmom;? udef;*Pef;rsm;udk jyifqifEdkif
MudKwif wnfaqmufxm;onfh table xdok Ykd MudKwif&x Sd m;onfh table template onf/ xnfhEdkifonf/ rvdktyfvQif zsuf
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column jzpfap armufpfjzifhqGJjyD; table dar odYk r[kwf table wpfcc ku
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jyD; pmrsufESmay:wGif av;axmifhuGuf a&mufvmygrnf/ ¤if;wGif oifonf uGuftwGif; eHygwfrsm; xnfhEdkifygjyD/
wpfcck sif; a&;qGEJ ikd o f nf/ Table tuGuf
wpfcktwGif; aemufxyf table i,fwpfck Command Keyboard Shortcut
xyfrq H EJG ikd jf yD; rsOf;rsm;udv
k nf; a&;qGEJ ikd f
ygonf/ Select next cell Tab
- xdkodkY manually qGJ&mwGif rMudKuf Select previous cell Shift+Tab
ygu Ctrl+Z udk wpf csucf si;f EdyS jf cif;jzifh Move to first cell in a row Alt+Home
jyefazsmufEdkifonf/ Move to last cell in a row Alt+End
- xdkodkY Draw Table udk a&G;cs,fxm;
Move to last cell in a column Alt+PageDn
onft h csed w f iG W f ord 2007 Ribbon onf
yHkpHajymif;aeonfudk jrif&ygrnf/ txl; Move to first cell in a column Alt+PageUp
ojzifh Shading ESifh Borders rsm;udk Create new paragraphs in a cell Enter
ta&mifpkH odYk r[kwf yHpk t H rsK;d rsK;d odYk ajymif; Insert tabs in a cell Ctrl+Tab
qGJEdkifonf/ vdkif;tus,fudk owfrSwf

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 151


rSwcf suf pm½dkufpOf a&SUqJvfodkY roGm;bJ
Row onf axmifvdkuf qJvftkyfpk aemufqJvfwpfckodkY jyefa&mufvdkygu
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vufawGUvkyaf qmifjyD; oift
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qHk; odkYr[kwf tqiftajyqHk;[k qdkEdkif wpfckwGif xdyfqHk; odkYr[kwf aemufqHk;
onfh enf;vrf;udk oHk;yg/ qJvfodkY tjrefa&TUEdkifonf/
Alt+PageDn, Alt+ PageUp uD; Split Cells (dialog box) onf
Table wGif a&Ga
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table wnfaqmufum row, column, cell qHk;qJvfodkY a&TUEdkifygonf/ Z,m;jzifh Text box xJodkY rows odkYr[kwf
wdYk jzift
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tu,fí table (qJvf) tvGwf qJvw f pfuu
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Command Ribbon Command Keyboard Shortcut

Select table Table Tools / Layour---Select---Select Table Alt+JL, KT or Alt+5 (on the number pad,
with Num-Lock off)

Select Column Table Tools / Layour---Select---Select Column Alt+JL, KC or Alt+Shift+PageDN

Select row Table Tools / Layour---Select---Select Row Alt+JL, KR

Select cell Table Tools / Layour---Select---Select Cell Alt+JL, KL

152 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Select column tjzLa&mif acgif;yGjrm;av;jzpfjyD; a&SUodkY


aumfvHwpfck\xdyfodkY armufpf tenf;i,f apmif;aeonf/ Table \
umqmudk a&TUyg/ umqmonf teuf b,fbufab;odkY armufpfjrm;OD;csdef&m
a&mifjrm;yHkodkY ajymif;oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/ wGif tawGUtMuHKay:rlwnfjyD; teuf
yH k w G i f M unh f y g/ ¤if ; taetxm;wG i f a&mifjrm;tjzpf cufcufcJcJ csdef&wwfyg
uvpf w pf c suf E S d y f y gu aumf v H j rm; onf/ armufpjf rm;OD;udk table vdik ;f ay:odYk
atmufzuf aumfvt H m;vH;k udk a&G;cs,fyg yxrcsdefxm;jyD; nmbufodkY tenf;i,f
rnf/ armufpfudk zdxm;jyD; jrm;yHkudka&GU a&TUvdkufyg/ ¤if;twGuf vufawGU prf;
jcif;jzifh tjcm;aumfvHrsm;udk a&G;cs,fjyD; Munhfapvdkygonf/
oifonf vdik ;f wpfvikd af y:wiG f armufpf
jzpfygrnf/ (2) Table wGif a&G;cs,fvdkufonfh qJvf
umqmudk wifvdkuf onfhtcg umqm
uGuftm; rD;ckd;a&mifjzifh jyygrnf/
(cursor) onf jrm; OD;xdyEf pS zf ufyo kH Ykd
Select row
ajymif;oGm;ygvrd rhf nf/ Table \ row
armuf p f u mqmonf table \ Select cell
odrYk [kwf column udk csK&UH ef ¤if;vdik ;f udk b,fbuftpGefwGif&dSonfhtcg teuf armufpfumqmudk rnfonfh qJvf
armufpjf zifh EdyS x
f m;jy;D drag qG,
J lyg/ a&mif jrm;i,fav;o@efodkY ajymif;aeyg uGuw f iG rf qdk b,fbufatmufaxmifo h Ykd
tpufyg aom vdik ;f tjzpfajymif;oGm;um vdrfhrnf/ jrm;av;onf a&SUodkY 45 'D*&D csden
f M§d unhyf g/ umqmonf teufa&mif
oifvkcd sio f nfh qJvt f us,f t0ef;udk apmif;aeonf/ ¤if;jrm;av;ay:onfh jrm;uav;tjzpf ajymif;oGm;jyD; ¤if;tae
jyKvyk af y;ygvrd rhf nf/ tcg uvpfwpfcsufEdSyfvQif jrm;&dSonfh txm;wGif uvpfwpfcsufEdSyfygu tqdk
qJvu f uG u f skd elect vkyrf nfjzpfjyD; uvpf ygqJvu f kd a&G;cs,jf cif;jzpfonf/ armufpf
Muufajccwfo@mef cvkwfav;ay:ae ESpcf sufEySd vf Qif row wpfcv k ;kH tm; select udkqufvufzdxm;jyD; tjcm;qJvfrsm;udk
onfudk jrif&ygrnf/ ¤if;onf Select vkyfygvdrfhrnf/ a&G;cs,fEdkifonf/ tu,fí qJvfrsm;udk
Table cvkwfjzpfjyD; cvkwfudk armufpf wpfqufwnf;r[kwfbJ wpfuGufausmf
jzifhzdxm;jyD; table wpfckvHk;udk oifvdk&m rSwfcsuf ponf a&G ; cs,f v d k y gu yxrqJ v f
bufodkY a&TUEdkifygonf/ (1) armufpfumqm jrm;yHkonf rlvu wpfuGuf t&ifa&G;cs,fjyD; Ctrl uD;udk

Command Ribbon Command Keyboard Shortcut

Insert row above Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Insert Above Alt+JL, A
Insert row below Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Insert Below Alt+JL, E
Insert column left Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Insert Left Alt+JL, L
Insert column right Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Insert Right Alt+JL, R

Command Ribbon Command Keyboard Shortcut

Merge cells Table Tools / Layout---Merge---Merge Cells Alt+JL, M


Split cells Table Tools / Layout---Merge---Split Cells Alt+JL, P
Split table Table Tools / Layout---Merge---Split Table Alt+JL, Q

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 153


EdSyfxm;yg/ jyD;vQif aemufwpfuGufudk rsm;twGif;rS udef;*Pef; odkYr[kwf
ausmfjyD; a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ pmom;rsm;udk yHkrSef Ctrl+C (to copy),
Ctrl+V (to paste), Ctrl+X (to cut)
A quick triple-click enf;rsm;jzifh tvkyfvkyfEdkifygonf/
quick triple-click onf qJvfwpf
uGufcsif;udk a&G;cs,f&ef enf;vrf;jzpf qJvf (cell) rsm;udk aygi;f jcif; (merge)
onf/ uvpfESpfcsuf t&if jrefpGmEdSyfjyD; ESihf cGx
J w
k jf cif; (split)
wwd,uvpfwiG f tcsed t f enf;i,fapmifh Table udk oHk;&mü row, column
jyD; armufpfudk zdxm;vdkufyg/ ¤if;qJvf qJvu f uG rf sm;udk yHak or[kwb
f J aygif;Edik f
Row ESihf Column rsm;udk xyfxnf&h ef
wpfuGufudk a&G;cs,fvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ onf/ odkYr[kwf cGJxkwfEdkifygonf/
odrYk [kwf zsu&f ef trderYf sm;udk Table
vufawGUtm;jzifh tenf;i,f cufco J nf ¤if;twGuf Word u vG,fulatmif
Tools/ Layout/Rows & Columns
udk awGU&ygonf/ jyKvkyfay;xm;onf/
tkypf wk iG f awGEU ikd yf gonf/ Table twGi;f
Ctrl uD;udk EdSyfxm;jyD; triple-click
insertion point udk ae&mcsxm;jy;D ¤if;
jyKvkyfygu qJvfrsm;udk uGufMum; a&G; qJvu f u
G rf sm;udk aygi;f &ef
tkypf rk S trdeYf wpfcck u
k kd uvpfvyk f oH;k
cs,fjcif;jzpfonf/ Table \ qJvfuGuf - aygif;vdkonfh qJvf (cells) ESpfuGuf
Edik yf gonf/
odkYr[kwf qJvfuGufrsm;udk select vkyf
a&G;cs,fyg/
- Ribbon wGif Layout (tab) odYk ajymif; zdxm;jyD; vdk&mbuf (b,f odkYr[kwf
jyD; Merge tkyfpkrS Merge Cells udk nmbuf) odkY drag qGJyg/
uvpfvyk yf g/ qJvw f pfuu G w
f nf;tjzpf
ajymif;oGm;ygrnf/ Shortcut key (Alt+ rSwcf suf
JL, M) jzpfygonf/ xdo k Ykd jyKvkyjf yD;csed w
f iG f rvdt k yfawmh
ygu Ctrl+Z uD;cvkwu f Ekd ySd jf yD; rlvtae
qJvrf sm;udk cGxJ w k &f ef txm;odkYjyefxm;Edkifygonf/
- cG J x k w f v d k o nf h qJ v f u G u f t wG i f ; ¤if;onf aumfvHwpfck \ tus,f
insertion point udk xm;yg/ (width) udkom csdefnd§jcif;jzpfonf/
- Ribbon wG i f Layout (tab) od k Y aumfvHtm;vHk;udk wpfjydKifeuf a&TUvdkyg
ajymif;jyD;Merge tkyfpkrS Split Cells udk u Shift uD;udk EdSyfxm;&ygrnf/ oif
uvpfvkyfyg/ tqdkyg qJvfuGuf qJvf onf qJvfESpfuGufudkom oD;jcm; a&TUvdk
Table wGif row wpfvikd f; xyfjznf&h ef ESpfuGuftjzpf ajymif;oGm;ygrnf/Short- ygu ¤if;qJvfuGufrsm;tm; select vkyf
vG,u f ljy;D tqifh ESpq f ifhom &dSygonf/ cut key (Alt+JL, P) jzpfonf/ a&G;cs,fxm;jyD; a&TUEdkifonf/ xdkodkYqJvf
armufpfumqmudk table \ b,fbuf uGufrsm;udk a&TUjcif;jzifh table wGif yHkpH
rm*siv f ikd ;f tjyifbuf odYk a&TjU y;D Column Width ESifh Row Height udk taetxm;vnf; ajymif;oGm;ygvdrrhf nf/
uvpf vkyyf g/ ¤if; row wpfvikd f;udk csdefnd§jcif; Row \tjrif(h height) udk cse dn
f &§d ef
a&G;cs,jf y;D jzpfygrnf/ a&G;cs,x f m;onfh Table wGifyg&dSaom aumfvHrsm;\ txufygenf;twdkif;jzpfonf/ Row
roway:wiG f armufpn f muvpfEySd jf y;D tus,Ef iS hf twef;vdu
k f row \ tjrifu
h kd wpf v k d i f ; ud k armuf p f u mqmwif u m
ay:vmonfh shortcut menu wGif pdwfMudKufcsdefnd§ay;Edkifonf/ aumfvH armufpu f kd EdyS x
f m;jyD; atmufoYkd qGcJ sJUEdik f
Insert udk a&G;cs,yf g/ xdt k cg Insert (column) wpfck\ tus,f (width) udk onf odkYr[kwf tay:odkYwifEdkifygonf/
Rows Below, Insert Rows Above csdefnd§&efrSm armufpfumqmudk table \ odkY&mwGif aumfvHudkcsJUjcif;xuf tcGifh
ponf menu rsm; ay:vmjy;D ¤if;rS xyfw;kd axmifvdkufvdkif;wpfvdkif;ay:odkY wifyg/ ta&;enf;onfudk awGU&ygonf/
vdkonfh trdefYudk uvpfvkyfvdkufyg/ xktd cg umqmonf rsO;f ESpv f ikd ;f wGif jrm; aemufwpfcsufonf qJvw f pfcwk iG f
aumfvu H kt
d vnf; tqdyk g enf;jzifh wpfzufpx D uG af eonfh yHpk o
H Ykd ajymif;oGm; pmom;½dkufxnfh&mü tqdkygpmvHk;\
wd;k csEJU ikd yf gonf/ ygrnf/ ¤if;taetxm;wGif armufpfudk t&G,ftpm;udkvdkufum qJvfuGufonf

154 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Row rsm;udk xyfrH wd;k csUJ jcif;


enf;vrf;rsm;
Table wpfckwGif tpOD;ü row ESifh
column udk ta&twGuf tenf;i,fom
ay;jyD; aemufxyf vdktyfovdk wdk;csJUEdkif
onf/

enf;vrf; (1)
Tab cvkwfudk qufwdkufEdSyfMunhf
Table twGif; zsufvdkonfh qJvfwGif armufpfumqmudk wnfvdkufyg/ Ribbon wGif yg/ aemufqHk; row ESifh column odkY
Layout (tab) odYk ajymif;jy;D 'Rows & Columns' tkypf rk S Delete cvkwfudk uvpf a&mufonfhtcg Tab udk qufEdSyfygu
vkyyf g/ xdt
k cg Delete Cells, Delete Columns, Delete Rows, Delete Table aemuf row topfwpfvdkif; ay:vmyg
vm;[k ar;yg vdrrhf nf/ ¤if;rS Delete Cells udk a&G;cs,yf gonf/ rnf/

enf;vrf; (2)
jrifhoGm;jcif;? us,fvmjcif;udkvnf; jzpf rnf/Word onf tqdkyg insertion armufpfumqmudk xyfwdk;vdkonfh
apygonf/ point udk &nfnTef;ae&mtjzpfowfrSwf row \ nmbufjyifyab;wGif uyfí
jyD; ¤if;ae&mrS rnfonfhbufodkYrow wnfxm;yg/ Enter uD;udk EdSyfvdkufyg/
Column ESihf Row rsm;udk odkYr[kwf column tm; wdk;csJUvdkonfudk Row topfwpfvdkif; xyfrHwdk;vmyg
xyfrjH znfx
h nfjh cif; (1) ar;ygrnf/ odYk r[kwf azmfjyay;xm;onfh rnf/ vdktyfonfh row vdkif;ab;wGif
Table wpfckudk wnfaqmufjyD; trdefY (icon) udk a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ armufpfumqmudk csdefyg/
toHk;jyKae&mrS rvHkavmufí rows ESifh xdkYtwl qJvf (cell) wpfckcsif;udk
columns rsm; xyfrHjznfh&ef taMumif; (delete) jzifh jyefzsufEdkifonf/ Rows enf;vrf; (3)
ay:vmwwfonf/ tcsKdUpm&if;Z,m;rsm; odYkr[kw?f columns odYkr[kw?f table wpfck vuf&o Sd ;kH aeonfh table wGif wd;k csUJ
udk table vkyfa&;qGJ&mwGifrows rnfrQ? vHk;udkvnf; vG,fulpGm zsufEdkifygonf/ vdkaom ta&twGuftwdkif; (row ESifh
columns rnfrQxm;&rnfudk rodEdkifyg/ column) udk highlight vkyfa&G;cs,fyg/
rnfodkYyifjzpfap Word onf row xdkYaemuf table \ atmufqHk;xdyf ae&m
Delete Cells (box) ay:vmjy;D rnfonfh
ESihf column wd;k csUJ jcif; odYkr[kwf jyefzsuf
rsm;twG u f vG , f u l t qif a jyap&ef qJvuf u
G f jzpfonfukd xyfrH ar;ygrnf/
jyKvkyfay;xm;ygonf/ Word 2007 \
ribbon ay:rS cvkwfrsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif;
jzifh aqmif&GufEdkifovdk uD;bkwf short-
cuts rsm;udkvnf; oHk;Edkifonf/ Table
ay:odYk armufpn f muvpfEySd v f Qif ay:vm
wwf o nf h pop-up menu ud k v nf ;
oHk;Edkifygonf/
Row odYk r[kwf column rsm; wd;k csJU
jcif;twGuf yxrtqihrf mS table twGi;f
insertion point udk ae&mcsxm;jcif;
jzpfonf/
'kw,d tqifw h iG f ribbon \ Table
Tools/Layout (tab) &dS Rows & Colu-
mns tkyfpkrS trdefYwpfckckudk a&G;cs,f&yg

2009 ar ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 155


uGufom ysufoGm;wwfygonf/ Table
wpfcv k ;kH tm; zsuf&jcif;onf tvG,qf ;kH
[kqdkEdkifonf/Table twGif; wpfae&m
wG i f armuf p f u mqmud k csxm;yg/
Ribbon wGif Layout (tab) odYk ajymif;jyD;
Rows & Columns tkyfpkrS Delete
(icon) udk uvpfvkyfvdkufyg/ odkYr[kwf
Alt+JL+DT uD;cvkwfrsm;udk EdSyfyg/

Cells rsm;udk delete vkyf zsujf cif;


Cells rsm;udk zsuf&mwGif table \
'Shift cells left' udk
a&G;cs,jf y;D OK udk EdyS yf gonf/ xdt
k cg table \ 'kw,
d row &dS twGi;f wpfae&mrS qJvw f pfuu G uf kd zsuf
aemufq;kH qJvu
f u
G f ysuof mG ;onfukd awG&U yg rnf/ onfhtcg ab;rSqJvfuGufu ae&m,l
vdkufjcif;aMumifh aemufqHk;qJvfuGuf
ysufoGm;onf[k xif&ygrnf/ Delete
wGif armufpu f mqmwnfjyD; Enter uD;udk (command) onf row, column, cell Cells [k trdefYay;vdkufvQif odkYr[kwf
EdSyfvdkufyg/ wdkYudk wdk;ay;Edkifygonf/ Ribbon wGif (Alt + JL, DD) uD;cvkwr f sm;udk EdyS v
f Qif
table ESifhywfoufonfh trdefYrsm;pGmudk Delete Cells (box) ay:vmjyD; rnfonfh
Word ribbon wGif avhvm &ef awGUEdkifonf/ ae&mu qJvfudk qGJ,ltpm;xkd;rnf
Table wpfckudk tMurf;xnf wnf (a&TUajymif;rnfudk) ar;ygvdrfhrnf/
aqmufjyD;onfhtcg Word 2007 \ Cells, Rows, Columns ESihf Tables
ribbon ay:wGif options rsm;pGmudk awGU& rsm;udk delete vkyzf sujf cif; rSwcf suf
ygrnf/ ¤if; options rsm;twdkif; uD; Table wGif row ESifh column rsm; qJvwf pfcu
k kd a&G;cs,f jyD; uD;bkwrf S
bkwfwGifvnf; nDwlnDrQ oHk;Edkifonf/ udk zsuf&onfrSm vG,fulonf/ odkY&m Delete uD;cvkwfudkEdSyfjcif;onf ¤if;
Z,m;jzifh jyay;xm;aom keyboard wGif cell wpfckcsif;udk zsuf&onfrSm qJvfxJrS tcsuftvufrsm;udk zsufjcif;
command rsm;udk avhvmMunfhyg/ tenf;i,fcufaeygrnf/ txl;ojzifh omjzpf o nf / qJ v f u G u f u d k z suf j cif ;
xdYk twl table twGi;f wpfae&mwGif table \ tv,fae&mrS qJvfwpfckudk r[kwfyg/ Delete (command) rsm;ESifh
armufpfnmuvpfEdSyfjyD; ay:vmaom zsuf&onfrSm tqifajyrnf r[kwfyg/ ywfoufí Z,m;jzifh jyay;xm;ygonf/
shortcut menu rS trdeYf rsm;udk wpfcc
k si;f qdkvdkonfrSm tv,frS qJvfysufoGm;
prf;oyfMunhaf pvdyk gonf/ Oyrm Insert onfhtpm; row \ aemufqHk;rS qJvf

Command Ribbon Command Keyboard Shortcut

Delete table Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Delete---Delete Table Alt+JL, DT

Delete columns Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Delete---Delete Columns Alt+JL, DC

Delete rows Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Delete---Delete Rows Alt+JL, DR

Delete cells Table Tools/ Layout---Rows & columns --- Delete---Delete Cell Alt+JL, DD

156 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


Java

Java Developer Guide


8.1 READING AND WRITING DATA USING JDBC <JAVA DATABASE CONNECTIVITY>

uReaf wmfwUkd ta&SUoifcef;pmawGrmS pmzwfol awGUjrifoif tm;jzifh ,aeYacwfrSm toHk;rsm;aewJh Web-Based Applica-
Mum;cJh&wJh oifcef;pmawGtNyD;rSm tck DataBase oifcef;pmeJY tion tydkif;awGrSm t"duxm; toHk;jyKMuygw,f/ 'Dawmh Web
ywfoufNyD;awmhrS qufvuf oifMum; ydYk csay;ygr,f/ 'DtcgrSm udk tajcjyKNyD;awmhrS avhvmMunfhMu&atmif/
uReaf wmfwYkd oifMum;&r,fh ta&;MuD;wJh Class Library uawmh pmzwfol[m Web udk toH;k jyKNyD;awmhrS vdt k yfcsufawGukd
Java DataBase Connectivity (JDBC) vdkYac:wJh Class Li- Surf vkyaf ew,fq& kd if tJ'g[m wpfzufuMunf&h ifawmh Cilent
brary ygyJ/ 'D Class Library uawmh Java Programs awGudk Program udk toHk;jyKaew,fvdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm Web
Relational DataBase yHkpHrsKd;eJY Sybase, Oracle, Informix Browser uae request vkyfvkdufwJh Web Pages udk Uni-
and Other Sources awGudk trSDjyKNyD;awmhrS toHk;cs zefwD;Edkif form Resource Locator (URL) twdkif; csdwfqufNyD;awmh
ygw,f/ 'D Class Library [m DataBase Sources awGudk Server twGif;rSm vdkufvH &SmazGygw,f/ &SmazG awGU&SdNyDqdk&if
csdwfqufNyD;awmhrS toHk;csEdkifatmif Bridge tjzpf aygif;ul; awmh URL uae nTefjyaewJhAddress twdkif; Cilent bufudk
ozG,f toH;k csay;Edik w
f hJ Class Library qd&k ifvnf; rrSm;ygbl;/ jyefvnf ay;ydkYvdkufygw,f/ 'g[m Cilent/Server Applica-
tckvuf&dS oifcef;pmrSmawmh uReaf wmft h aeeJY atmufyg oifcef; tion &JUoabmw&m;udk tMurf;zsif; &Si;f vif; wifjyay;wmygyJ/
pmawGudk t"dutcsuftvuftaeeJY avhvm MunfhMu&atmif DataBase Application awGudk a&;om; toHk;jyKNyDqdk&if
vm;/ roHk;rjzpf toHk;cs&rSmuawmh DataBase Language ygyJ/ 'D
- Using JDBC drivers to work with different relational ae&mrSm toH;k csrt
I rsm;qH;k taeeJY toH;k jyKMuwmuawmh Struc-
DataBases ture Query Language vdkYac:wJh SQL ygyJ/ DataBase Pro-
- Accessing a DataBase with Structure Query Lan- gramming eJY ywfoufNyD;awmhrS toH;k jyK wnfaqmufawmhr,f
guage (SQL) qdk&if SQL udk roHk;rjzpf toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS Query awGwnf
- Setting up a JDBC data source aqmufwm? qGx J wk wf m tp&Sw d mawGukd jyKvky&f rSmyg/ 'gaMumifh
- Reading records from a DataBase using SQL and 'D Language udk DataBase-Querying Language vdkYvnf;
JDBC ac:a0:Muygao;w,f/
- Adding records to a DataBase using SQL and JDBC Java Programmer awGtaeeJU DataBase Programm-
uJ 'DtcsufawGukd tus,fw0ifh &Si;f vif; wifjyr,fq&kd if ing vkyfawmhr,f qdkawmh DataBase_File udk csdwfqufEdkif
awmfawmfav;udrk S tcsde,
f &l ygvdrrhf ,f/ 'gaMumifh ta&;MuD;wJh zdYk JDBC Class Library udk ac:,lNyD;awmhrS toH;k jyKawmhr,fqkd
oifcef;pmawGudkyJ t"duxm;NyD;awmh Programs_Type awG awmh rygrjzpf SQL Statements udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS zefwD;
a&;om;NyD;awmhrS &Sif;vif;ay;yghr,f/ a&;om;&rSmyg/ 'Dawmh JDBC Class Library u bmawG zefw;D
ay;EdkifovJqdkwmudk avhvmMunfhMu&atmifvm;/
JAVA DataBase Connectivity (JDBC) - Making a connection to a DataBase
tck oifMum;ay;&r,fh JDBC Class Library udk toHk; - Creating a statement using SQL
jyK&mrSmawmh t"dutm;jzifh JAVA Language udk toHk;jyKNyD; - Executing that SQL query in the DataBase
awmhrS Cilent/ Server DataBase Application awGudk De- - View the resulting records
veloped vkyf&mrSm t"dutm;jzifh toHk;jyKygw,f/ Cilent / uJ 'DtcsufawG[m JDBC Class Library yg0ifwJh java.
Server DataBase System eJY ywfoufvdkYuawmh t"du sql package xJrSm yg0ifwJh tcsuftvufawGygyJ/

2009 ar ?uGefysLwm*sme,f 157


DataBase Driver
tck azmfjycJhwJh tcsuftvufawGudk toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS
DataBase Program awGukd zefw;D r,f/ NyD;awmhrS SQL State-
ments udktoHk;NyKNyD;awmhrS Processing and Resulting Data
awG vkyfMunfhr,fqdk&if vkyfief;cGifawGrSm trSefwu,f toHk;
0ifwJh DataBase_File awGudk zefwD;vdkY &EdkifNyDayghaemf/ 'g[m
trSewf u,fq&kd if JDBC Class Library aMumifh tvG,w f ul
tqifajywmqd&k ifvrJ rSm;ygbl;/ wpfenf;ajym&&ifawmh JDBC
[m Java Application awGeJU Microsoft Access uJhodkYaom
DataBase Programming Language awGudk aygif;ul; csdwf
qufay;aewJh DataBase - Accessing Libraries qd&k ifvJ rrSm;
ygbl;/ tJ'vhD ykd gyJ JDBC uJo
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taxmuftul ay;aewmuawmh ODBC ygyJ/ 'Dawmh ODBC Figure 8.1 View in the Control Panel Dialog Box
qdkwm bmvJqdkawmh Open DataBase Connectivity qdkwmyJ
jzpfygw,f/ ODBC eJY ywfoufvdkY ta&;MuD;w,fvdkY qdkEdkifyg
w,f/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh t&ifOD;qHk; DataBase System
udk zefwD;EdkifzdkYtwGuf atmufygtcsufawGeJY tqifhqifh wnf
aqmuf&wmyg/
(1) Relational DataBase Language. Oyrm- MS Access,
MS Excel, Pardox, FoxPro, SQL, Text Data File (Note-
pad) tp&SdwJh Language wpfckckeJY Data Source_File
wpfckudk wnfaqmufvdkufyg/
(2) tJ'Dh Create vkyfxm;wJh DataBase File < OR > Data
Source_File udk SQL vdkYac:wJh Structure Query Lan-
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(3) NyD;&if DataBase Driver eJY csdwfqufEdkifzdkYtwGuf Sett-
ing up vkyf&ygr,f/ JD BC eJY Connectivity vkyfwJh Figure 8.2 (a) Click the Administrative Tools, Con-
tcgrSm Control Panel xJuae vkyf&ygr,f/ 'grSom nect the ODBC Data Source Admin-
Java Language eJY cswd q
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f t hJ cgrSm istrator

tqifajyEdkifrSmyg/ 'Dawmh Control Panel xJudk oGm;NyD; uJ tJ'DtcgrSm pmzwfol[m tck tay:rSm azmfjyxm;cJh
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zGifhvdkufyg/ wpfck ajymp&m &Sdwmuawmh 'D Control Panel [m yGifhvmygNyD/ avhvmMunfhvdkufyg/
&JUjrifuGif;udk Classic View tjzpf jrifawGUae&wJhtcsdefrSmyg 'g[m uRefawmf tay:rSm ajymxm;cJhovdkygyJ/ omref
yJ/ Figure 8.1 taeeJY azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ User awG oHk;pGJaeMujzpfwJh ControlPanel &JU Category jrif
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Pick a Category qdkwJh pmom;atmufrSm&SdwJh txJurS Per- Panel xJrmS oGm;NyD;awmhrS rdrp d w
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formances and Maintenance qkdwmudk a&G;cs,fjyD;awmhrS xm;wwfygw,f/ Oyrm- Fonts awG xyfrHjznfhoGif;wm? rvdk
Click vkyv f u
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158 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar


uG e f y sLwmoif c ef ; pm

Figure 8.2 (b) Click the Data Sources (ODBC) Figure 8.4 Click the System DSN Tab in the ODBC
Shortcut in the Administrative Tools Source Administrator

vG,fulatmifvdkY Switch to Classic View qdkNyD;awmhrS ajymif; txm;rsKd;eJY ODBC udk &,lcsifw,fqdk&ifawmh atmufyg
xm;wwfMuygw,f/ wu,fvdkY pmzwfol[m ControlPanel twdkif; zefwD; &,lEdkifygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/
&JU View udk Classic View tjzpf ajymif;xm;NyDqdk&ifawmh Start → Run udk awmif;vdkufyg/ 'DtcgrSm usvmwJh
atmufygtwdkif; ControlPanel xJudk oGm;NyD;awmhrS Munfh Run Dailog Box xJrSm&SdwJh Open qdkwJh Text_Box ae&mrSm
vdkuf&if atmufygtwdkif; awGUjrif&rSmygyJ/ atmufygtwdkif; ½kdufoGif;vdkufyg/
odbcad32.exe

uJ NyD;&ifawmh OK Button udk ESdyfvdkuf&ifawmh tvG,f


wulygyJ DataSources ODBC [m yGifhvmrSmyg/
'g[m ODBC Data Sources udk csdwfquf ac:,lvdkuf
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Mu&if csdwqf ufwwfatmif a&;om;ay;aewmygyJ/ tJ'hD Chap-
ter awGMu&ifvnf; jyefvnf &Sif;vif; wifjyay;ygOD;r,f/
'Dawmh tck csw
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csdwfquf&ovJqdkwmudk avhvmMu&atmifvm;/

The JDBC - ODBC Bridge Connections


Figure 8.3 Click the Administrative Tools, in the Con- uJ JDBC - ODBC Connections udk bmaMumifh csdwf
trol Panel quf ac:,l&ovJqdkwmudk &Sif;jyay;yghr,f/ pmzwfol[m
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awmhrS D-Click acgufvdkufyg/ [kwfNyDaemf/ Source_File udk vSrf;ac:NyD;awmhrS toHk;jyKvdkY r&Edkifawmhyg
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nistrative Tools udk a&G;cs,Nf yD;awmhrS zGiv
hf pS w f hJ taetxm;udk Note : aemufwpfcsufuawmh pmzwfol[m Visual Basic
pmzwfot l m; wifjyxm;wmygyJ/ pmzwfo&l UJ Computer xJrmS &Sd 6.0 Programming Language udk toHk;jyKzl;w,f
wJh taetxm;twdik ;f teD;pyfq;kH jzpfatmif wifjyay;xm;wmrdYk qd&k if? DataBase Programming vkyzf ;l w,fq&kd if
tvG,fwulyJ zefwD; &,lEdkifMuygvdrfhr,f/ Data Source_File udk t&ifqHk; zefwD;&wmudk
wu,fvdkYrsm; pmzwfoltaeeJY tJ'Dxuf vG,fulwJh tae pmzwfoltaeeJY oabmaygufrSmyg/ MS Access,

2009 ar ?uGefysLwm*sme,f 159


MS Excel, Foxpro, Pardox, DBASE , Text awmh Java Programming Language rSmawmh
File (NotePad) tp&Sw d mawGeYJ toH;k jyKNyD;awmhrS JBDC - ODBC Data Connection udk vSr;f ,l csw d f
Data Source_File udk zefwD;&ygw,f/ jyD;&if quf&w,fvdkYyJ tvG,fwul rSwfxm;vdkufyg/
awmh VisData udk toH;k jyKjyD;awmhrS Data Source 'g[m a&;om;xm;wJh Data Sources udk csdwfqufEdkifzdkY
udk Connection vSrf;NyD;awmhrS ,l &rSmyg/ tck twGuf a&;om; &Sif;vif;ay;wmygyJ/ 'Dawmh vufawGUtaeeJY
Java Programming Language rS m vnf ; Data Source_File udk zefw;D NyD;awmhrS vufawGU csw
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'Dtwdkif;ygyJaemf/ Data Source_File udk vSrf; qdk&ifawmh ydkNyD;awmhrS tqifajyvG,fulrSmyg/ 'Dawmh Chap-
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rSmawmh Jet DataBase Engine udk toHk;jyK&jyD;
KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]

USB flash drive twGuf aqmhzf0Jav;awG pkMu&atmif

USB flash drive vdYk ac:ac:? Memory stick vdYk ajymajym?


tJ'D ypönf;av;awGudk toHk;rsm;vmygw,f/ uGefysLwmorm;
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awG ppfaq;zdYk t"duxm; oH;k Edik yf gw,f/ uGeyf sLwmrSm wyfxm;
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Drive, Read Test Drive awGudk ppfEdkifygw,f/ tJ'D aqmhzf0J Tools, Immunity, FixSystem, Settings aqmif&GufcsufawG
udk run vdkuf&if ay:vmwJh box awGxJu 'USB Drive View uvnf; &mcdik Ef eI ;f jynfh atmifjrifatmif jyKvkyrf ay;Edik o
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taMumif;udk azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ 'SWITCH to Parent USB
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160 uGefysLwm*sme,f? 2009 ar

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