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Construct a regular pentagon inscribed in a given circle

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Draw vertical diameter of the circle CM

Construct a perpendicular to AB at O
Mark a point S where bisector intersects the circle
Draw the perpendicular bisector of the segment SO, creating its midpoint L.
Draw a circle, center L, with radius LS.
Draw a line from M through L, intersecting the small circle at N and P
With the compass on M, set its width to P
Draw a broad arc, crossing the given circle at A and E
With the compass on M, set its width to N
Draw a broad arc, crossing the given circle at B and D
Draw a line between each point A,B,C,D,E,A in turn

The result is a regular pentagon ABCDE inscribed in the circle

2. Construct a regular hexagon given one side AF

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With the compass point on A, set its width to F

Draw an arc above A and F intersecting at O
Move the compass to O, and draw a full circle
With the compass on A, draw an arc across the circle, creating the next vertex.
Move the compass to this new vertex, and draw another arc for the next vertex
Continue in this way until you have all 6 vertices
Draw a line between each point and the next one on the circle
The result is a regular hexagon with each side of length AF

3. Universal method to draw polygons is very popular and very legendary technique to
draw different shapes like triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon
etc.

Procedure:
Step-1 First draw a line AB of the dimension equal to the side of a polygon. i.e., 50 mm.
Step-2 Then draw a perpendicular bisector of the line AB and draw it of sufficient length.
Step-3 Draw a perpendicular line BC from B of the length equal to the line AB.
Step-4 Connect the two points A & C by a straight line. i.e., AC
Step-5 Draw an arc by the center B and radius equal to AB between the points A & C.
Step-6 Mark the point 4 at the intersection of line AC with the perpendicular bisector.
Step-7 Mark the point 6 at the intersection of the arc AC with the perpendicular bisector.
Step-8 Find out the midpoint of between the points 4 & 6 mark it as a point 5.
Step-9 Mark points 7 & 8 at the distance equal to 4-5 or 5-6 in sequence.
Step-10 Draw a triangle ABC by connecting the line AC & BC at point 6.
Step-11 Draw circles by taking the points 4,5,6,7,8 as center points and divide the respective circles with
the compass measurement equal to the distance of the line AB. i.e., 50 mm.
Step-12 Connect the divided points of respective circles in sequence with straight lines to get respective
polygons. Like Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon and Octagon.
Step-13 Give the dimensions by any one method of dimensions and give the name of the components by
leader lines wherever necessary

4. Engineering Curves Focal points of the ellipse are at 80 mm apart

and the minor axis is of 60 mm length. Determine the length of major
axis and draw the ellipse by concentric circle method.

Procedure:
Step-1 Draw a horizontal axis of some suitable length. And mark a point O on it.
Step-2 Draw a vertical axis, perpendicular to the horizontal axis & passing through the point O of the
length equal to the length of minor axis, which is 60 mm and give points C & D as shown into the figure.
Step-3 Mark the points F1 & F2 Which are focal points on the horizontal axis and are 80 mm apart from
each other.
Step-4 Measure the distance between the point F1 & C or D and with this distance keep O as center and
cut the horizontal axis on both the sides and give points A & B, which is the major axis of the ellipse.
Hence the distance of the major axis is 100 mm.
Step-5 With O as center and radii equal to OC and OA or OD and OB draw two circles.
Step-6 Divide these circles into 12 equal divisions as shown into the figure. And give the notations 1,2,3,
etc. where these lines of divisions intersect the outer circle & 1,2,3 etc. where these lines intersect the
inner circle.
Step-7 Draw vertical lines from the points 2,3,5,6, in downward directions and 8,9,11,12 in upward
directions respectively.
Step-8 Draw horizontal lines from the points 2,3,11,12 in left hand direction and from the points
5,6,8,9 in right hand direction respectively.

Step-9 Give the notations p1,p2,p3 etc. at the points of intersections of these horizontal & vertical lines
respectively as shown into the figure.
Step-10 Draw a smooth free hand medium dark curve from the points p1,p2,p3 etc. in sequence, so the
resulting curve is the ellipse.
Step-11 Give the dimensions by any one method of dimensions and give the name of the components
by leader lines wherever necessary.

5. Engineering Curves Construct an ellipse by arcs of circle method.

The major and minor axes are 140 mm & 100 mm respectively.

Procedure:
Step-1 Draw a horizontal major axis of the length 140 mm and give the notations A & B
as shown in the figure. And mark a midpoint O on it.
Step-2 Draw a vertical axis, perpendicular to the horizontal axis & passing through the
point O; of the length equal to the length of minor axis, which is 100 mm and give the
notations C & D as shown in the figure.

Step-3 With the center C or D and length equal to the half of the length of major axis;
which is 70 mm; cut the major axis on two sides of the minor axis and give the notations
F1& F2 respectively as shown in the figure. These are the focal points of the ellipse.
Step-4 Divide the distance between O & F1 into five equal divisions and give the
notations 1,2,3 etc.
Step-5 Now with the distance equal to A1 and center F1 draw an arc of sufficient length,
and with the distance equal to B1 and center F 2 cut the previously drawn arc on two
sides of the major axis and give the notations P1& P1 as shown in the figure.
Step-6 Like in the above stated manner draw arcs with the distances A2 B2, A3 B3,
A4 B4 etc. and center F1 - F2 respectively, which should intersect with each other
respectively as shown in the figure. And give the notations as P 2-P2, P3-P3, P4-P4 etc.
Step-7 Draw a smooth free hand medium dark curve through the points P 1, P2, P3 etc. as
shown in the figure; in sequence, so the resulting curve is the ellipse.