CHAPTER I

SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1.1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
o The scope of the internship includes the entire functioning of the organization which
encompasses the nature of the business it is involved.
o The companys current scenario, the departmental segregation created for the
implementation of plans and procedures.
o The textile industry has got a wider dispersal in the state.
o The data at the level of primary textile units, a responsibilities sample of textile fabric
manufacturers with operational textile units and also without looms located in major
manufacturing centers like Coimbatore, Salem, Erode, Tirupur, Madurai and Chennai.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
o The objective of the study is to gain wide knowledge about the activities of the
o

organization.
And to gain practical knowledge and inherited experience about manufacturing sector

o
o
o
o
o

and other functional departments.

To know the various facilities provided to employees.
To have an idea about the various departmental issues and functions.
To analyses the functioning and interrelations of various departments.
How the textile products are produced and what are the processes involved in it.
To know the steps involved in production process and the packaging processes of

textile.
o To know the various activities taking place in Human Resource, Marketing, Production
and Finance departments.

CHAPTER II
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
2.1 ALUMINIUM

Aluminium is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic
number 13. It is a silvery white, soft, ductile metal. Aluminium is the third most abundant
element, and the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust. It makes up about 8% by weight of
the Earth's solid surface. Aluminium metal is so chemically reactive that native specimens are
rare and limited to extreme reducing environments. Instead, it is found combined in over 270
different minerals. The chief ore of aluminium is bauxite.
Aluminium is remarkable for the metal's low density and for its ability to resist
corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Structural components made from aluminium
and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and are important in other areas of
transportation and structural materials. The most useful compounds of aluminium, at least on a
weight basis, are the oxides and sulfates.
Despite its prevalence in the environment, no known form of life uses aluminium salts
metabolically. In keeping with its pervasiveness, aluminium is well tolerated by plants and
animals. Owing to their prevalence, potential beneficial (or otherwise) biological roles of
aluminium compounds are of continuing interest.
Aluminium forms strong chemical bonds with oxygen. Compared to most other metals,
it is difficult to extract from ore, such as bauxite, due to the high reactivity of aluminium and
the high melting point of most of its ores. For example, direct reduction with carbon, as is used
to produce iron, is not chemically possible because aluminium is a stronger reducing agent than
carbon. Indirect carbothermic reduction can be carried out using carbon and Al 2O3, which forms
an intermediate Al4C3 and this can further yield aluminium metal at a temperature of 1900
2000 C.

2.2 HISTORY
Ancient Greeks and Romans used aluminium salts as dyeing mordants and as
astringents for dressing wounds; alum is still used as a styptic. In 1761, Guyton de Morveau

suggested calling the base alum alumine. In 1808, Humphry Davy identified the existence of a
metal base of alum, which he at first termed alumium and later aluminum.
The metal was first produced in 1825 in an impure form by Danish physicist and
chemist Hans Christian Orsted. He reacted anhydrous aluminium chloride with potassium
amalgam, yielding a lump of metal looking similar to tin. Friedrich Wohler was aware of these
experiments and cited them, but after redoing the experiments of Orsted he concluded that this
metal was pure potassium.
Aluminium was selected as the material to use for the 100 ounces (2.8 kg) capstone of
the Washington Monument in 1884, a time when one ounce (30 grams) cost the daily wage of a
common worker on the project. The capstone, which was set in place on 6 December 1884, in
an elaborate dedication ceremony, was the largest single piece of aluminium cast at the time,
when aluminium was as expensive as silver.
With the explosive expansion of the airplane industry during World War I (1914-1917),
major governments demanded large shipments of aluminium for light, strong airframes. They
often subsidized factories and the necessary electrical supply systems.
Many navies have used an aluminium superstructure for their vessels; the 1975 fire
aboard USS Belknap that gutted her aluminium superstructure, as well as observation of battle
damage to British ships during the Falklands War, led to many navies switching to all steel
superstructures.

CHAPTER III
ORGANIZATION PROFILE
3.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW

Jayam Engineering and Tools (JET) and Jayam Forgings belongs to Jayam groups , it is
commonly named as JET. Our engineering concern is run by Team of Experience and Expertise
Engineers. Within a short period of time, JET has gained an expertise for achieving excellence
in the Manufacturing and Supply of Ferrous And Non Ferrous Forged with machined
parts.
We are manufacturer and supplier of valve parts, Gear Blanks, Copper Contacts,
Electrical Spares Parts, Transmission Parts, Motor and all forged components in Steel Alloys,
Aluminium, Copper And Brass.We also specialized in manufacturing of tools for Forging, Die
Cast, Pressure Die Cast, Press Tools and other special complicated tools. We also outsource
Aluminum Die Casting, Investment Casting, Plastics, Casting Components. All the components
are machined in-house to Supply with full finished Parts.

Diagram 3.1

We also expertise and experience in special process like Heat Treatment, Plating Process
With Full or partial (Silver, Nickel, Tin, Anodizing, Chromating And Zinc) and Painting etc.,
We supply the components to fulfill the customer requirements like quality, on time delivery,
low cost and continual Improvement of the process.

The field of ferrous and non-ferrous forged with cnc, vmc, and precision machine parts
supplier to the various application from 2005. We are an iso 9001:2008 certified company. You
are in a right place to expose your products by choosing us.
The total area is 12500 square feet and the covered bulding area is 9500 square feet.3
shifts for machine shop, 1.5 shifts for forge shop.

3.2 COMPANY PROFILE:

BUSINESS TYPE

Manufacturer & Supplier

2005

Partnership

Rs.2 5 crore

26 to 50 People

OWNERSHIP & CAPITAL

YEAR OF ESTABLISHMENT

OWNERSHIP TYPE

TRADE & MARKET

ANNUAL TURNOVER

TEAM & STAFF NO. OF

EMPLOYEES
3.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO:
We are one of the most distinguished names engaged in manufacturing and supplying
outsource casting, ferrous & non-ferrous forgings and machinery parts. Our products are quality
raw material such as steel, aluminum, copper and brass, that are procured from most trusted

vendors in the industry. Furthermore, we have in-house facility for processes like die casting,
forging, heat treatment, plating process with full or partial (silver, nickel, tin, anodizing,
chromating and zinc) and painting on our products. These facilities help us to deliver
completely finished products to our clients.
In addition to these, we also offer valve parts, gear blanks, copper contacts, electrical
spares parts, transmission parts, motor and all forged components in steel alloys, aluminum,
copper and brass. Apart from these we also provide tools for forging, forging, die cast, pressure
die cast, press tools and other special complicated tools.
Jet has gained an expertise for achieving excellence in the manufacturing and supply of
ferrous and non ferrous forged with machined parts.

Our product range is given as follows:

Category

Products

Outsource Casting

Casting Products
Gun Metal Bushes
Investment Castings

Ferrous And Non-Ferrous Forgings

Copper Forgings

Brass Forgings

Stainless Steel Forgings

Aluminum Forgings

Steel Forgings

CNC Machinery parts

VMC Machinery Parts

Machinery parts

Table 3.3
A product is anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a want or need, including
physical goods, services, experiences, events, persons, places, properties, organizations,
information, and ideas. Its characteristic is Tangibility, Intangible attributes, Associated
attributes, Exchange value, Consumer satisfaction.

3.4 CAPACITY:
Jet have capacity to deliver ferrous and non ferrous forgings with machined parts
specified as follows :

Steel

Up to 7kg

Brass

Up to 10 kg

Copper

Up to 10 kg

Aluminum

Up to 20 kg

Stainless steel

Up to 7kg
Table 3.4

We assure the parts are defect free and ensure the following:
-) Free Form Porosity
-) High Strength And Surface Ductility
-) Competitive Cost
-) Free From Induction
3.5 QUALITY:
Our Quality Policy Is To Achieve Total Customer Satisfaction By Providing Reliable,
Cost Effective And High Quality Products Supplemented By Prompt Service Through
Continual Improvement In All Activities.
3.5.1 QUALITY OBJECTIVE:
o
o
o
o

In house Rejection Less than 2.5 %

On time Delivery more than 90%
Customer Satisfaction more than 95%
Continual Improvements more than 2 projects per quarter.

By active follow-up of the quality policy and objective, Our company has earned a excelled
quality and on time Delivery rating from its custom.

3.6 APPLICATION AREAS:

Our expertise in the industry and advanced manufacturing facility enables us to fabricate
generic and customized range of outsource castings, ferrous and non-ferrous forgings and
machinery parts. Acknowledged for their superior performance under testing condition, our
products finds application in many industries. Some of the prominent application areas of our
products are as follows:
o Automotive
o Electrical Power generation
o Refrigeration
o Defense Equipments
o Valve Manufacturer
o Auxiliary Industries
o Transmission
o Motor Parts
o Textile Parts
o Hydraulic & Pneumatic Precision
o Equipment valve
3.6.1 TEAM:

The credit for our phenomenal success in the industry solely goes to relentless efforts
put by our dedicated and competent team of professionals. Backed by their vast experience and
in-depth knowledge in their respective domain, we are able to manufacture premium quality
products which exactly meet variegated demands of our clients. Furthermore, they work in
perfect coordination to ensure that our goals are accomplished with utmost proficiency. This
enable us to make timely delivery of our products and achieve maximum clients' satisfaction.
Our industrious team of professionals includes:
o Metallurgy experts
o Engineers
o Technicians
o Quality analysts
o Packaging experts
o Marketing executives
o Skilled labors.

3.6.2 ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY:

The structure adopted to solve the control problems of functional structures.(many kinds of
products, many different locations, many types of clients)is the divisional structure.
Divisional structurea structure in which functions are grouped together according to the
specific demands of products,markets, or customers. The type of divisional structure selected is
driven by the fic type of control problem experienced.
Product Division Structurea structure in

which centralized support functions service

the

needs of a number of different product lines.

Multidivisional Structurea structure in which support functions are placed in self-contained
divisions.

Product Team Structurea divisional structure in which specialists from the support functions
are combined into product development teams .

Diagram 3.6.2
3.7 ADVANTAGES:
We have established ourselves as one of the most reliable name in industry for manufacturing
and supplying Outsource Casting, Ferrous & Non-Ferrous Forgings and Machinery Parts. Our
reputation is based on our impeccable track record for delivering superior range of products.
Some of the factors that provide us with leading edge over our competitors are as follows:
o ISO 9001:2008 certified organization
o Quality assured products
o Customization

o Ethical business policy

o Competitive pricing
o Timely delivery
3.8 OUR INFRASTRUCTURE:
We have developed a extensive infrastructure facility at Sidco, Coimbatore, Tamil
Nadu(India) for manufacturing our products. Our facility is currently spread over 5000 sq ft and
extent of 10,000 sq. ft. area available for future expansion. Equipped with latest technology and
advanced machinery, we have capability to manufacture one ton per shift and around 20 ton per
month. Normally, we work in 1.5 shifts per day, but can work around the clock when volume
required is high.
JET has a capacity of one ton per shift and it is accumulated to forge average 20 tones
per month. Currently we are working 1.5 Shifts per day and we increase upto 3 shifts when the
volume is high.

300T forging screw Press

1 No

100T Trimming Press

1 No

Oil timed furnace

1 No

Oil pumping unit

1 No

Cutting Machine

3 Nos

EDM Machine
CNC Machines

2 Nos
2 Nos

Conventional Lathe Machines

4 Nos

Drilling Machine

1 No

Belt Grinders

2 Nos

VMC Machine Centre

1 No

Genset
Compressor

1 No
3 Nos
Table3.8

Our goal setting, achieving capability and Continual improvements, our company is
working towards to TS 16949 : 2002 standards.
It has include the main parts are forging screw Press, Trimming Press, Oil timed
furnace, Oil pumping unit, Cutting Machine, EDM Machine, CNC Machines, Conventional
Lathe Machines, Drilling Machine, Belt Grinders, VMC Machine Centre, Genset, Compressor.

3.9 FUTURE PLANS:

We will extend our concern with the following future plans :
CNC Turning Centre

2 Nos 2010 December

VMC Machine Centre

1 No

2011 March

100 T/200T Frication Screw Press

1 No

2011 December

250 kv Electrical Furnace

1 No

2011 May

Electrical Generator

1 No

2011 Dec

Own Land with Building

---

2012 March

3.10 QUALITY ASSURANCE:

As an ISO 9001: 2008 certified concern, maintaining a sustained quality in our
products is high on our priorities. We stringently adhere to quality control measures at every
stage of our operation to assure that our clients get best quality products. Our quality analysts
monitor every stage from procurement of raw material to final delivery and suggest necessary
improvements in operating procedures. Furthermore, they rigorously test our products to ensure
that our products are in compliance with quality standards of industry.

In addition to these, our quality control measures help us in reducing the internal
rejections and making timely deliveries. Thus enabling us to gain maximum client satisfaction
by delivering superior quality and cost-effective range of products. Apart from these, the main
objectives of our quality policy are:
o In house rejection less than 2.5 %
o On time delivery more than 90%
o Customer satisfaction more than 95% Continual improvements more than 2 projects
per quarter
We are an ISO 9001:2008 certified firm engaged as a manufacturer and supplier of
Ferrous & Non-Ferrous Forged with Machined Parts. Our products are known in the industry
for reliability and superior quality.

3.11 QUALITY :
o In House Rejection than 2.5%
o On Time Delivery More Than 90%
o Customer Satisfaction More than 90%

o Continual Improvements more than 2 projects per quarter.

Diagram 3.11
3.12 FORGINGS AND MACHINED COMPONENTS :
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Machined Components
Ferrous Forgings
Non-Ferrous Forgings
Outsource Casting
Forged Components
Pneumatics
Food Mixing
Electrical Insulator
Switch Gear Shifting Lever
Fuse Application
Valve Application
Electrical Translator
Light Vehicle Gear Box Parts
Electrical Application
Electrical Switch Gear Parts
Switch Gear Parts
Switch Gear Transformer Shaft

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Motor Spares
Multi Clean Spares
Motor Crank Shaft
Bus Door System
Valve Parts
Gear Engaging Parts
Fuel Connectors
Bore-well Spares Parts

CHAPTER IV
4.1 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT : (19-06-2014 to 25-06-2014)
The production department is responsible for converting inputs into outputs through the
stages of production processes. The Production Manager/Executive is responsible for making
sure that raw materials are provided and made into finished goods effectively. He is popularly
called Works Manager/Executive and is chiefly responsible for the overall functioning of the
factory. He also co ordinates the works between different areas in the factory like Stores
section, Tools section, Machinery section, Quality controllers, forging section etc.,
He or she must make sure that work is carried out smoothly, and must supervise
procedures for making work more efficient and more enjoyable and of course, result oriented.
The dept has to maintain regular attendance records and communicate to HRD for payment of
wages.
Production Department

Planning
Section

Purchase
Section

Stores
Section

Design &
Technical
Section

Execution
Section

Diagram 4.1
4.1.1 Planning Section:
They will set the standards and targets at each stage of the production process. The

quantity and quality of products coming off a production line will be closely monitored. The
planning on input and material, number of labor, Production schedules etc., The Works
manager, therefore, keeps in constant touch with the Sales and marketing Division to know on
the Output needs of the company to arrive at his production/manufacturing schedules.

The Works manager has to, not only co ordinate among all the sections under his control at the
factory but also with the Sales and Marketing division and Accounts Dept., for raising bills on
their customers after supply.

4.1.2 Purchases Section:

This section has to ascertain material needs of the factory i.e., inputs and consumable
tools. This would source the material in contact with the Accounts and Finance dept., for the
latter has to organize funds and monies to pay off the suppliers on schedules. Normally, the
Purchase section pays order for materials only from the approves suppliers as decided by the
top management under limited mandate. An essential part of this responsibility is to ensure that
stocks arrive on time and are of good quality. The materials, on arrival, are directed to the
Stores in charge at the factory itself.

4.1.3 The Stores Section:

The Stores are responsible for stocking all the necessary tools, , raw materials and
equipment required to service the manufacturing process. They, on receipt of the ordered
materials and tools, confirm the quality and quantity. Before that they would have been
informed by the Purchases section that certain specified materials have been ordered for
supplies. This is done by sending a copy of the Purchase order. The Stores take care and safety
of the material by orderly staking them. They also supply to the Machine section on the basis of
the latter requirements.
They employ certain techniques like last received first supplied etc, They also ensure that the
actual physical stock is as per the relative records.

4.1.4 The Design and Technical Section:

They are responsible for the design and testing of new product processes and product
types, together with the development of prototypes through to the final product. This unit
directly functions under the direct supervision of the Works manager.

4.1.5 The Execution Section:

This department is concerned with the manufacture of products. This will include the
maintenance of the production line and other necessary repairs. The works/Machine section has
the responsibility for quality control and inspection. This section adds value to the inputs. The
work in progress is retained by this section till they are finally finished. The final output, after
stringent inspection on quality, is cleared to the Packing Section as per the advice of the Sales
and Marketing Dept.,

Diagram 4.1.5
The main role of production is to turn inputs into outputs. Outputs refer to a finished product or
service and inputs are the materials that are needed to manufacture certain goods. This, in other
words, transforms input to output with value addition resulting in final products that could be
used by the customers When a business completes this process they are able to achieve
customer satisfaction by producing Finance
productsDepartment
that are ready to be used and fit for purpose.

The production department is responsible for ensuring quality is achieved in each item
produced. They will need to carry out inspections and implement suitable quality initiatives.

4.2 FINANCE DEPARTMENT (26-06-2014 TO 02-07-2014)

Finance Department

Account
Section

MIS Section

Bank & Cash

Section
Diagram 4.2

Finance
Section

4.2.1 Accounts Section

Keeping records of the purchases and sales made by a business as well as capital
spending. They keep direct day to day contact with Packing and Despatch section in the
Production Dept on new invoicing their customers after sales. As regards payment to the
suppliers the receipted Purchase Invoices from the Stores section form the basis. They also
prepare vouchers for various sundry expenses and incomes. This section prepares the final
accounts like Profit and Loss Accounts and Balance sheet annually. They also keep in touch
with Auditors in this respect. The company employs Tally software for the accounts with
computers.
4.2.2 Management Information System Section
Manager is required to furnish ongoing financial information to enable them to make
better decisions.
4.2.3 Bank and Cash Section
This is a vital function of the Accounts and Finance requirements. The company
maintains accounts with State Bank and Axis Bank. The company has lifted term loan from the
said banks for their fixed assets like machines and line of cash credit limit for working capital
requirements. Monies are received by the company by contribution by the shareholders and/or
withdrawal from bank in cash. This balance of cash is handled with relative records. The cash

is chiefly used to pay weekly/monthly wages and other sundry expenses. When it comes to
payment of salaries, they are directly credited to the Savings bank accounts of the employees
after due deductions on account of various loans, PF and ESI. The Dept has to secure various
records like loan extended, number of days worked. They need to be in touch with all other
depts. Especially Works Dept., in this connection
4.2.4 Finance Section
The finance department will also be responsible for the technical details of how a
business raises finance e.g. through loans, and the repayment of interest on that finance. In
addition it will supervise the payment of dividends to shareholders. While buying certain
capital items (in fact, investments) like several units of machinery, generator, other term assets
like furniture and fittings, vehicles, expansion of factory and building definitely specific long
term funds have to be raised. With regard to requirements on account of wages, salaries,
electricity bills, rents, telephone bills, the cash budget for long term has to be prepared. If at all
the requirements shoot up, the Finance manager has to organize in advance scaling up of
drawing limits from the banks

4.3 SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT (03-07-2014 to 09-07-2014)

4.3.1 Sales department
Sales department is responsible for the sales and distribution of the products to the
different existing customers/clients.
4.3.2 Marketing Department
Marketing Department is responsible for market research and testing new products to
make sure that they are suitable to be sold. Besides, this dept is responsible for growth of the
sales turnover/income of the company by securing new business from the new customers.

Diagram 4.3.2
This dept has two Sales Representatives who undertake field work regularly. They ascertain
market potentiality from new customers and areas and also possible new orders from existing
customers on other outputs. They frequently inter act with the CEO of the company along with
Marketing Chief. They also recommend to the top management on various advertisements
through different medias.

4.4 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT (10-07-2014 to 17-07-2014)

The role of Human resource department is recruiting, training, and the dismissal of
employees in the Organisation. He also maintains close and constant touch with all the
members of the labor force for overall industrial peace and harmony. He has to comply with
Labour Laws requirements like ESI, P.F, Gratuity, Trade Union, Factory act etc., His duty also
extends to fixing compensation, wages and salaries and their hikes through periodical
increments. Other areas also include promotion and placement. Training is one large innovative
area which improves the overall efficiency of the whole company.
It forms a vital communication bridge between the top management and all the employees and
workers of the union. All the other Dept chiefs keep in touch with him on their requirement
especially in the HR areas.
More importantly, in this Organisation the HR Officer is also the Administrator of
the company in their Corporate Office directly reporting to both JMD and CEO of the
companies and group.

Human Resource
Department

Recruitment
Section

Training
Section

Planning
Section

Diagram 4.4
4.4.1 Recruitment Section:
The stages of the recruitment process include: job analysis and developing a person
specification; the sourcing of candidates by networking, advertising, or other search methods;
matching candidates to job requirements and screening individuals using testing assessment of
candidates' motivations and their fit with organizational requirements by interviewing and other
assessment techniques. The recruitment process also includes the making and finalizing of job
offers and the induction and on boarding of new employees.
4.4.2 Training Section:
Training programs are conceived by the HRD to improve the employees skills, as
well as to motivate them. There are three main types of training:
1.

Induction training

2.

On-the- job training

3.

Off-the-job training

4.4.3 Planning Section:

The HR department needs to think ahead and establish the number and skills of the
workforce required by the business in the future. Failure to do this could lead to too few or too
many staff or staff with inappropriate needs.

CHAPTER V
5.1 ENTERPRICE V.9.1.45 :
Jayam engineering and tools organization has entered his day-to-day activities. First, to log in

this enterprice v.9.1.45 software after that, if we entered what we want. Its like click marketing
under it list to pick the various options not only that its had various header heading. Each
heading had different type of working entry. For example, Sales Order Entry, Purchase Order
Entry, Bill Of Material (Bom).
5.2 MASTERS :
In this heading consist of a various process in organization. It did different functions in an
organization. To be following their types are.,
5.2.1 MARKETING :
According to Philip Kotler, - A market consists of all the potential customers sharing a
particular need or wants who might be willing and able to engage in exchange to satisfy that
need or want.
5.2.2 IMPORTANCE OF MARKETING :
o
o
o
o
o

Importance of Marketing to the Society

Importance of marketing to the Firm
Importance of Marketing in Developed economy
Importance of Marketing in Underdeveloped or Developing economy
Importance of Marketing in a sellers or buyers Market

5.2.3 MARKETING CONCEPT :

The most of the business had a unique concept .this is the one of the concept for organization
has to use in the present year to observe the customers needs and wants. Then how the
customer can satisfy an organization .to find out this formula the management can do his
business greatly.

a
M
te
g
rk
Te
C
to
rn
s
d
u In
m
m
d
ra
g
te
i P
k
ifn
a
e
m
c
g
u
h
ts
fi
ro
Diagram 5.2.3
Profits through customer satisfication is the most important to the every organization. Because,
some of the company fail this experiment to forget how to attractive the customers. which are
the company had responsibility to take care of his customer ,their only survive in the
competitive world.

5.3 MARKETING
According to American Marketing Management

(AMA) Marketing is the process of

planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and
services to create exchanges that will satisfy individual and organizational objectives
According to William J. Stanton - Marketing is a total system of interacting business
activities designed to plan, price, promote and distribute want-satisfying products and services
to the present and potential customers

SnagpirtFocuMeEds
5.3.1 OBJECTIVES OF MARKETING :
o Creating New Customers

o Satisfying the Needs of Customers

o Enhancing the Profitability of the Business

o Raising the Standard of Living of the People

o Determining the Marketing Mix

5.3.2 MARKETING & SELLING :

In this following has to give concept of marketing and selling.what it tells means to focus the
customer and means to express the product details.Then,the process getting over.

Diagram 5.3.2

5.4 SALES :
In this sales under consist are following terms are proforma invoice , invoice , DC return ,
customer return. This all term has to be mention in sales under to be use an organization.
A managerial task that involves establishing pricing objectives, identifying the factors
governing price, ascertaining their relevance & significance, determining product value in
monetary terms and formulation of price policies & strategies, implementing & controlling
them for best results.

5.5 PLANNING :
In this, A commitment towards particular course of action thats necessary to achieve specific
results. E.g., Five Year plan prepared by the Govt. of India. This is prepared through a
planning process.

o
o
o
o

A primary managerial activity that involves

Defining the organizations goals
Establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals
Developing plans for organizational work activities

5.6 QUALITY :

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society for Quality
(ASQ) define quality as the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that
bears on
its ability to satisfy given need.The view of quality as the satisfaction of customer needs is
often called fitness for use.
In highly competitive markets, only satisfying customer needs will not achieve success.To beat
the competition, organizations often must exceed customer expectation. Thus, one of the most
popular definitions of quality is meeting or exceeding customer expectation.

.
5.7 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM :
Quality management system is defined as a set of co-ordinated activities to direct and control
an organisation in order to continually improve the effectiveness and efficiency of its
performance.The quality management system ensures a structured, systematic way of working
of an organization making it to thrive for world-class performance.
The most prominent among them and the basic quality management system based on worldclass total quality management system is the ISO 9001:2000 quality management system
5.8 MAINTANENCE :
Maintenance is a manufacturing improvement method that increases production and reduces
waste through continuous attention to the condition of machines and processes.tpm seeks to
engage all levels and functions
In an organization to maximize the overall effectiveness of production equipment.tpm seeks to
involve workers in all departments and levels, from the plant-floor to senior executives, to
ensure effective equipment operation.
5.9 CLIENT SATISFACTION :
Our aim is to maintain long term and cordial relations with our clients. For this, we

make conscientious efforts to deliver cost-effective and superior quality products to our clients.
Moreover, backed by diligent workers and latest machinery, we make sure that all kinds of
clients requirements for regular and customized products are met fully. In addition to all these,
our pro-client approach and prompt service help us in achieving maximum satisfaction of our
esteemed clients. Therefore, we are able to garner a vast client base across the country.

5.9 PURCHASE :
In every organization must do this process it call purchase. The dealer has provide a product for
credit an their products for use to companys raw material make to it for solid parts of an
organization to sell the market price to reach customers. First, to take purchase decision to the
company.
It has a types are attitudes of others and unanticipated situational factors ,then it has a include a
certain parts are called as purchase intention . after that to final results came to this expreesion
is call evaluation of alternatives.

Diagram 5.9
5.10 PROCESS FLOW CHART :

Flowchart 5.10
5.11 POLICY QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
o The company committed to customer satisfaction through product quality
o The company dedicated to protect the environment by reducing pollution and
conserving natural resource.
o They focus to provide long term employment opportunities, to our employees to
enhance their living standard and develop them through training, health and safe
working environment is also ensure by adequate accident prevention measures and
periodically monitoring their health.
o They are demonstrate our responsibility toward the society by complying with statutory
rules and regulations

5.12 PURCHASE & STORES DEPARTMENT

This department is responsible for the purchase of raw materials from the suppliers and
sent to the stores section of the production department. The main objective of purchasing
department is buying raw materials of the right qualities, in the right-quantities, at the right
time, at the right price, and from the right source. The purchase department and the production
department are inter-related closely. The purchase manager is responsible for the purchase
department activities. He is assisted by his assistants.
The purchase department is the one that is in charge for purchasing the raw materials
from the suppliers. The stores department is closely in touch with the purchase department, as
it stores the raw materials. The purchase manager will be intimated by the stores manager,
when the stock gets reduced to the re-order level. Now the purchase manager will know that
there is a need for the raw material.
So, he in turn intimates the supplier who supplies that particular raw material for the
company. When the supplier receives the order, he will ask for the delivery time. The company
gives this information according to the urgency of the need.
In Stores Department, spare parts, stationery items are purchased and stored by the
department. Stores or storage is the function of receiving, storing and issuing materials
following are function of Stores Department:

Diagram 5.12

To perform the function effectively, Stores Department follows the following procedure:
1. Item required - The Store Officer does not initiate any action for the purchase of
materials. The purchase requisition is initiated by the various departments. Items
required by the each department is intimated to the Store Officer and recorded by him.
2. Enquiry- The source of supply of material must be selected in order to select good
source of supply, following factor is to be considered:

Quality

Price

Delivery time.

Based upon these factors, enquiry is done among the various source of supply. All the
factors should be satisfied by the suppliers.
3. Quotation from suppliers- Quotation is invited from the suppliers by issuing tenders to
them. On receipt of quotation from the suppliers, a comparative statement of various
quotation received should be prepared & the desirable suppliers is selected. While
selecting the suppliers to whom order is to given for the purchase of materials the stores
department should keep in mind the following factors:
-

Reliability of supplier

Price quoted

Quantity for which price quoted is applicable

Terms of payment

Terms of delivery

All the other factor being the same the purchase price should be the lowest price at which a
particular material is to be purchased. The supplier should be dependable and capable of
supplying materials of uniform quality at right time at reasonable prices.
5.13 PURCHASE ORDER :

After choosing the supplier, the Stores Department prepares the purchase order for the
supply of stores.

The supplier is bound to supply materials according to the terms and

conditions of the purchase order.

5.13.1 RECEIVING MATERIALS:
The Storekeeper receives the material by checking the Challan, quantity, quality of materials is
checked by comparing purchase order with delivery Challan. Any storage or breakage is
intimated to the suppliers after checking the Storekeeper receives the material and store it in the
Stores.
5.13.2 DAY BOOK ENTRY :
After receiving the material entry is made in the day book. Invoices are checked with
reference to Stores received notes and the purchase order respectively.
5.13.3 COMPUTER ENTRY :
Later on entry is also made in the computer.
5.13.4 INTIMATION :
Intimation is given to the various departments and the department has to collect the
required materials from the Stores Department.
.14 ACCOUNTING FLOWCHART :

Accounting flowchart 5.14

5.15 INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:

All these influence their job satisfaction, which reduces the rate of absenteeism, turnover and
increases productivity.it has following terms to classify this internel environment process.
People -

Ccomprises individual employees who are expected to perform the tasks allotted

to them or two persons who interact with each other for getting the job done. And people
outside the organization such as customers and government officials.
Jobs and tasks -

The job refers to the sum of total of an individuals assignment at the

workplace. Tasks refer to the various activities that need to be performed to get the job done
Technology used - The mechanism by which the raw inputs are converted into finished
products or services

Structure -Structure refers to how the workplace is set up in terms of job positions (eg.
Arranged in a hierarchical fashion)
Process -

It refers to the way or manner in which things get done. For instance, a

manager might be able to influence an employee to work overtime by a mere smile, a friendly
look, etc.Processes are neither readily visible nor easily measurable
Asks managers to reconsider how work would be done and their organization structured if
they were starting over.Instead of making incremental changes in processes, reengineering
involves evaluating every process in terms of its contribution.

4.16 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:

There are factors outside the organisation such as market place, supply systems, government
regulations, demographics of the work force, the cultural environment in which the
organisation is embedded, the economic, financial or political climate and so on

4.17 MARKETING CHANNEL :

A marketing channel system is the particular set of interdependent organizations involved in the
process of making a product or service available for use or consumption.
Merchants - Wholesalers & retailers who take title to & resell the merchandise
Agents Brokers, manufacturers representatives, sales agents who dont take title to the goods
but negotiate on manufacturers' behalf
Facilitators Transportation companies, independent warehouses, banks, advertising agencies
who neither take titles nor negotiate purchase or sales and assist in distribution process only

Diagram 4.17

4.18 COMPANY TURNOVER:

Flowchart 4.18

TRAINING OUTCOME
6.1 KNOWLEDGE GAINED
o

Learnt about the detailed production process of yarn, the way they
procure raw materials, blending, combing, spinning, winding and
packing etc.

o Learnt the importance that they give for customers.

o Learnt the importance of quality.
o Their recruitment process and training system, which is considered as
o
o
o
o

the back
bone of the company.
The way the worker teachers handling the language barriers.
HR department striving to control the absentees.
The other procedures maintained for ESI and PF.
The packaging and dispatch process of yarn to different places

through different modes etc.

6.2 MANAGERIAL SKILL ACQUIRED
o

Acquired knowledge about how the people in the organization doing

things.
o The way of how to managing the people in an organization.
o Obtained technical skill in converting cotton into fibre.
o The health and the safety measures adopted by the company for its
employees were known.
o How to maintain the inventory and importance of quality.
o The relationship with the suppliers and mode of payment for
purchasing raw materials.
o The way they try to manage employees and their conflicts.
o Learnt the general process of the Admin Office and their way of doing
things.

6.2.1 ON THE JOB TRAINING

On the job training is getting knowledge and experience about the particular job or
about the company. Students of business administration are required to undergo an on the job
training during their fourth semester holidays. This is useful for students to gain theoretical
knowledge with practical knowledge with practical orientation. This program helps the students
to acquire knowledge training makes one efficient and better in thinking and performing.
6.2.2 NEED FOR TRAINING

o People not only have to work efficiently with the minimum cost of production, with
reduced waste, spoilage and production goods and service with quality.
o Adopting modern technique in the production and other operation require training on
personal new method.
o The employee needs refreshable training to keep abreast of improved technique and use
of sophisticated tools and equipment.
o Employment of inexperienced labor requires a detailed instruction for their effective
performance on job. The need for particular personnel can be identified from the
performance appraisal of the individual.
o Learning how to conduct a business organization and continuing it.
o He can learn the procedure for doing the business.
o Training will help the trainee in conducting all activities in organization in a well
manner.

CONCLUSION: