TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & BUILT

ENVIRONMENT

ATME1613 Theory of Machines

TOM 1 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

LAB PARTNERS :
NAME : WONG SIE HUI
I.D. NUMBER : 15WTD01240

I.D NUMBER

NAME

15WTD05393

TONG JUN HAO

15WTD00673

WONG JOON KIT

TUTORIAL : GROUP D

15WTD00977

WONG KAI WEN

LAB GROUP : G5

15WTD03338

THIEN YIH JIUNN

EXAMINERS NAME: MR.LEE SIEW SEONG

PROGRAMME : DME 1

DATE of SUMMITION : 27/10/2015

1. The locating pins was raised on the sliding blocks and the blocks were positioned so
that they are both the same distance (r = 125mm) from the centre. Then the pins were
pushed down to locate the blocks firmly on the horizontal member. The distance from
the axis to the pivots of the bell-cranks was noted.
2. A body of mass 25g (Ma 25 g+ 15 g=40 g was screwed onto each vertical arm
of the two bell cranks. A combination of bodies equivalent to, say 190g (Mb = 175g +
15g = 190g) was screwed, on each horizontal arm of the two bell-crank. The
magnitude of the masses on the respective arms of the bell-crank must be same.
3. The dome was replaced and the motor was started using the Speed Control Unit. The
speed was slowly increased until the bell-cranks are flung outwards with an audible
click. The approximate speed was noted at which this happens. The movement of
the bell-cranks was observed from a position level with the plane of rotation.
4. The speed was decreased until the bell-cranks return to their original positions, then
the speed was increased very slowly and the reading was repeated. The speed (N)
indicated on the digital tachometer at the instant was recorded when the upper arm of
the bell-cranks moves outward, in Table 1. The effect of friction in the pivot may
mean that the two bell-cranks do not move simultaneously. The speed was always
recorded when the first one moves. When the bell-cranks were noted move outwards,
their configuration was alters so that a substantial reduction in speed is required to
return them to their original position.
5. By reducing the masses of the lower bodies B by either 25g or 50g at a time, further
results for each value of Mb down to 40g were obtained.
6. This series of tests were repeated for two more other values of Ma, 65g and 90g.
7. Step 1 to 5 were repeated but for radius r = 95mm and r = 65mm and the readings
were repeated in Table 2.

Result & Calculation :

a)

Mbg (in Newton) and the corresponding is calculated, where,

= 2N/60

Mb (g)

190
165
140
115
90
65
40

Mb (g)

Centrifuga
l force
Mbg (N)

Ma = 40g
N
(rev/min)

Ma = 65g
2

(rad/s)

(rad/s)

N
(rev/min)

1.90
185
375.32
140
214.94
111
1.65
167
305.84
127
176.87
108
1.40
150
246.74
114
142.52
94
1.15
141
218.02
104
118.61
83
0.90
110
132.69
89
86.86
73
0.65
97
103.18
78
66.72
61
0.40
69
52.21
59
38.17
45
Table 1 Results for varying speed and mass for a constant radius of 125mm

Centrifuga
l force
Mbg (N)

r = 125mm
2
N

(rev/min)
(rad/s
2

190
165
140
115
90
65
40

N
(rev/min)

Ma = 90g
2

r = 95mm
2
N

(rev/min)
(rad/s

2
(rad/s)
135.11
127.91
96.89
75.55
58.44
40.81
22.21

R = 65mm
2
N

(rev/min)
(rad/s

1.90
185
375.32
203
451.91
248
1.65
167
305.84
190
395.88
232
1.40
150
246.74
172
324.42
213
1.15
141
218.02
156
266.87
189
0.90
110
132.69
140
214.94
164
0.65
97
103.18
117
150.12
143
0.40
69
52.21
91
90.81
108
Table 2 Results for varying speed and radius for Ma = 40g

2
674.47
590.25
497.53
391.72
294.95
224.25
127.91

Graph of radial force against

2
1.5
40g
Radial Force (F=Mbg)/N

65g

90g
0.5
0
0

100 200

300 400

Angular velocity / (rad/s)

Figure 5 Graph of radial force against and constant radius of 125mm

Graph of radial force against

2
1.5
125mm
Radial force (F=Mbg)/N

95mm

65mm
0.5
0
0

200 400 600 800

Angular velocity /(rad/s)

Figure 6 Graph of radial force against and radius for Ma = 40g

Discussion and Conclusion :

a) The higher the centrifugal force, the higher the angular velocity.
b) The higher the mass of a rotating body, the lower the angular velocity.
c) The shorter distance of a rotating body from the axis, the higher the angular velocity
of constant mass.

References :
1. 1) Keith, M. 2014. What is Centrifugal Force?. Viewed on 26 October 2015. Available
from:<http://www.thekeyboard.org.uk/What%20is%20centrifugal%20force.htm>.
2. 2) Eric, W. 2007. Centrifugal Force. Viewed on 26 October 2015. Available from:
<http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/CentrifugalForce.html>.