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Circuits 2
2nd semester

Experiment No.7
Objective

To investigate the behaviour of parallel sinusoidal ac circuit.

Equipment Required
Resistors
1 1k
3 10
Inductor
1 10 mH

Capacitor
1 0.01 F
Instruments
1 DMM
1 Oscilloscope
1 Audio oscillator or function
generator

Part 1R L Parallel Network

(a) Construct the network of Fig. 7.1. Insert the measured values of
each resistor. The magnitude of R and XL at the applied frequency permits
ignoring (on an approximate basis) the effects of the two sensing resistors
RS1 and RS2, and the resistance of the inductance R1 when we analyse the
system. In other words, assume that you have an ideal parallel R-L system.

Fig. 7.1
(b) Using the nameplate inductor value (10mH) and the measured
resistance level for R, calculate the various currents of the network ignoring
the effect of RS1, RS2, and RL. Note that the peak to-peak values are
requested, so use peak-to-peak values throughout the calculations.
IT (p-p) 4.85mA, IR (p-p) = 7.8mA
IL (p-p) = 6.67mA
Calculate the values of the above quantities and insert below.
IT (rms) = 3.43mA IR (rms) = 5.52mA
IL (rms) = 4.72mA
(c) Energize the network of Fig.7.1 and set the input voltage to 8V (p-p)
using the oscilloscope. Use the oscilloscope to measure the voltage V RS1 and
insert the value below.
VRS1 (p-p) = 3.48V
(d) To ensure that the oscilloscope and oscillator have a common
ground, remove RS1 and connect c to point d. Measure the voltages VRS1 and
VR.
VRS2 (p-p) = 4.52V VR (p-p) = 4.52V
(e) Using the result of (c) and (d), calculate the peak-to-peak values of
the various currents of the network using Ohms law.
IT (p-p) =4.85mA IR (p-p) = IR (p-p) = 7.8mA
IL (p-p) = 6.67mA

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(f) Calculate the rms values of the measured quantities and insert
below. Compare the result of (b).
IT (rms) = 3.43mA,

IR (rms) = 5.52mA , IL (rms) = 4.72mA

(g) Is the total current IT larger in magnitude than each branch current?
Should it be?
(h) Using the input voltage as a reference (E= E o ) and the
measured rms values of the current IR and IL, draw a phasor diagram to scale
and measure the current IT. How does it compare to the measured value?
From the phasor diagram, determine the angle T between IT and IR (same as
between E and IT ), the angle between IT and IL, and the angle 1 between IR
and IL .
IT (diagram) = 4.85mA,
T = 30.45,

IT (measured) = 4.91mA

1 = 32.05

(i) Connect the oscilloscope as shown in Fig. 7.2. Do not reintroduce

the resistor RS1. It will permit a measurement of the phase angle between the
two branch currents IR and IL. Record the value of 1. Points a, b, and c appear
on Fig. 7.2 Use the dual-trace method to determine the phase angle.
Fig. 7.2
Fig.7.2

1 (measured)

= 32.14, 1 [from (h)] = 32.05

(j) Reintroduce the resistor RS1 and connect the oscilloscope as shown
in Fig. 7.3. The phase angle obtained will be the input voltage E and the
current IT, or between IR and IT, since E and IR are in phase.

Fig. 7.3

T (measured) =

30.34,

T [from (h)] =

30.45

(k) Using the fact that T + + 1 = 180 for the right triangle of (h),
find the measured value of using the measured value of (i) and (j).
Compare to the result of (h).
(measured) = 117.54,

[from (h)] = 117.50

Part 2R-C Parallel Network

(a) Construct the network of Fig 7.4. Insert the measured values of the
resistors. As in part 1, ignore the magnitude of R S1 and RS2 as compared to
the other impedances of the network when making your calculations.

Fig. 7.4
(b) Using the nameplate capacitor value (0.01 F) and the measured
resistance for R, calculate the currents indicated below
IT (p-p) = 7.073mA,

IR (p-p) =7.07mA,

IC (p-p) = _44.7mA

Calculate the rms values of the above quantities and insert below.

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(c) Energize the network of Fig. &.4 and set the input voltage to 8V (pp) using the oscilloscope. Use the oscilloscope to measure the voltage V RS1
and insert the value below.
VRS1 (p-p) = 7.071V
Calculate the rms value of VRS1
VRS1 = 10.9 V
(d) To ensure that the oscilloscope and oscillator have a common
ground, remove RS1 and connect c to point d. Measure the voltages VRS2 and
VR.
VRS2 (p-p) =44.4mA, VR (p-p) =7.071V
Calculate the rms values of VRS2 and VR.
(e) Using the result of (c) and (d), calculate the peak-to-peak values of
the various currents of the network using Ohms law.
IT (p-p) =7.073mA, IR (p-p) = 7.070mA

IC (p-p) = 44.68A

(f) Calculate the rms values of the measurd quantities and insert below.
Compare the result of (b).
IT (rms) = 10 mA, IR (rms) = 9.99mA
IC (rms) = 63.1A

Part 3R L C Parallel Network

(a) Construct the network of Fig.7.5. Insert the measured resistor
values. As in the earlier parts, ignore the sensing resistors and R 1 compared
to R, XL, and XC in your calculations.
R1
XFG1

10

R4
1k
R2
1k

C1
0.01F

L1
10mH
R5
10
R3
10

(b) Measure the peak-to-peak values of VR, VRS2 and VRS3, and determine their
rms values.
VR(p-p) = 5.561 V
VRS3(p-p) = 34.954 mV
VR(rms) = 7.864 V
VRS3(p-p) = 49.432 mV

, VRq = 46.75 mV
, VRS2(rms) = 66.114 V

(c) Reverse the input leads to the oscillator and measure the voltage
VRS1.
VRS1(p-p) = 8 V

,VRS1(rms) = 11.31 V

(d) Verify Kirchhoffs current law at node a. That is, show with a phasor
diagram (with E as the reference: E = E o ) that the vector sum of IR, IL,
and IC is equal to IT. the currents can be determined from the measurements
of (b) and (c).
(e) Using the nameplate values, calculate the input currents IT, and
compare to the value obtained in (d).
IT(rms)(measured) = 0.52 mA,

IT(rms)(calculated) = 0.57 mA