IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 5 | November 2015

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid

Fibre Composite on Drilling Process
S. Rathinavel
PG Scholar
Department of ME Thermal Engineering
RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
641402

G. Vigneshkumar
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
641402

U. Sathishkumar
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641402

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to compare and analyse the effect of inclusion of Glass fibre and Basalt fibre on the Vinyl
ester and Vetiver fibre composite during machining process. The machining process selected is drilling operation because
it carried out in most of the assembling process. The thermal loadings were done for all the compositions that are chosen
and The analysis will predict the better performance among the two composites with varying proportion on ANSYS14.5
(WORKBENCH). The analysis shows the basalt fiber reinforced hybrid composite show the low heat flux and smooth
temperature distribution than the glass fiber reinforced hybrid composite.
Keywords: Glass fiber, Basalt fiber, Laminated composite, ANSYS
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION
Now-a-days, the use of Glass fibre reinforced composites has increased in various areas of science and technology due to its
special property. The wide range of application in Aircraft industries.
On Aircrafts for Assembling two structures accomplish machining process. The mechanical drilling is used as generally for
application mainly,
1) To Create hole,
2) To enlarge hole,
As drill is rotated and advanced into a work piece a material is removed in the form of chips that move along the fluted shank of
the disk.
Fibre Reinforced hybrid Composite Consists of two or more fibres which are reinforced along with the resin system. So, the
properties of the resulting composite material will combine something of the properties of resin on its own with that of fibre on
their own.
Overall, the property of their composite depends mainly on
1) Property of fibre
2) Property of composite
3) Fibre Volume fraction (ratio of fibre to resign)

II.

MATERIALS FOR ANALYSIS

A. Glass Fibre:
Generally, the Glass fibres were used in manufacturing of air craft structures, but they were very costly and non-biodegradable.
Their composition includes S-Glass has a typical nominal composition of SiO2 65wt%, MgO 10st%. Some other materials may
also be present a impurity levels. Table 1: Properties of Glass fibre.
Type

S-Glass

Density

2500 kgm^-3

Youngs modulus

89 gpa

Poisson ratio

0.22

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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Thermal conductivity

wm^-1c^-1

B. Basalt Fibre:
Basalt is a natural material that is found in volcanic rocks originated from frozen lava, with a melting temperature comprised
between15000 to 17000. Basalt fibre can be manufactured as similar to Glass fibre. They are biodegradable and almost similar
to Glass fibre.
Table 2
Properties of Basalt Fibre.
Name

Basalt fibre

Density

1430 kgm^-3

Youngs modulus

7.8E+10 pa

Poissons ratio

0.25

Thermal conductivity

0.045wm^-1c^-1

Specific heat

0.86 jkg^-1c^-1

C. Vetiver Fibre:
Vetiver fibre is one of the natural fibre compare to synthetic fibres, their advantages are low cost, and less tool were during
processing, low density, environmental friendly and biodegradability.
Table 3
Properties of Vetiver Fibre
Name

Vetiver (laminate)

Density

1500 kg m^-3

Youngs modulus

1.2E+10 pa

Poisson ratio

0.25

Thermal conductivity

0.035 wm^-1c^-1

Specific heat

0.5 jkg^-1c^-1

D. Vinyl ester Resin:

Vinyl ester resins combine the best properties of epoxies and unsaturated polyesters. They can be easily handled at room
temperature and have mechanical properties similar to epoxy resins.
Table 4
Properties of Vinyl ester Resin.
Name

Vinyl ester Resin

Density

1130 kg m^-3

Youngs modulus

3.65E+10 pa

Poisson ratio

0.25

Thermal conductivity

0.25 wm^-1C^-1

Specific heat

0.4 jkg^-1c^-1

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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E. Composition of Material for Analysis:

In this comparison Glass fibre, Vetiver fibre, Vinyl ester Resin being considered as one hybrid composite and Basalt fibre,
Vetiver fibre, Vinyl ester Resin were considered as another hybrid composite.
Table 5
Composition of Hybrid I and II
Hybrid I

Hybrid II

Vetiver fibre

Vinyl ester Resin

Glass fibre

Vetiver fibre

Vinyl ester Resin

Basalt fibre

(%)
10

(%)
66

(%)
24

(%)
10

(%)
66

(%)
24

II

19

66

15

19

66

15

III

24

66

10

24

66

10

Sample

1) Drill Bit:
Its important to match the material of the bit to the material being drilled to produce the best results.
F. Drill Bit Material chosen for Analysis:
1) Metal:
The most common type used
a)

HSS Drill

2) HSS Composition:
Composition (%)
1.20-1.40
0.50
1.00
3.5-4.5
2.25-2.75
5.60-6.40
5.60-6.40
5.0-7.0

Material
Carbon
Manganese
Maximum Silicon
Chromium
Vanadium
Tungsten
Molybdenum
Cobalt

3) Input:
Material

HSS

Point angle

1180

Size

8mm

Helix angle

330

Chisel edge angle

1290

III. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

A. Work Piece:
Modelling of composite sheet with layers up to 5 layers of lamina. Work piece of dimension 100x100mm with thickness of
12mm for each composition mentioned in the Table 5 was modeled on CATIA with orientation {00/900/00/900 /00}
The input of drilling parameters were considered as.
Speed

3000rpm

Feed

0.6mm/rev.

Drill dia

8mm

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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Fig. 1: Laminates Arrangement

B. Mesh:
Meshing is the process of discretization of material for applying and even distribution of loads. Before Meshing the work piece is
imported to ANSYS 14.5 WORKBENCH.

Fig. 2: Meshing Of Composite Model

C. Boundary Conditions:
According to the drilling machine setup the boundary conditions was applied and the experiment is carried out under room
conditions and ultimate drill temperature conditions.

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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IV. RESULT & DISCUSSION

A. COMPARSION OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF HYBRID COMPOSITE I AND HYBRID II:
We had given the thermal load and proper drill conditions to the material and carried out the analysis for all the six compositions
of two hybrid compositions. The temperature distribution of laminates that we modeled on CATIA is analyzed on ANSYS 14.5
WORK BENCH. The heat flux of laminates that we modeled on CATIA is analyzed on ANSYS 14.5 WORK BENCH.
Sample

Table 6
Temperature Distribution
Hybrid composite I

II

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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III

Sample

Table 7
Temperature Distribution
Hybrid composite II

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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II

III

Sample

Table 8
Heat Flux
Hybrid composite I

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

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II

III

Table 9
Heat Flux
Sample

Hybrid composite II

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 5 / 006)

II

III

Both the temperature distribution and heat flux were predicted and tabulated as below

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Optimization of Thermal Analysis of Hybrid Fibre Composite on Drilling Process

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 5 / 006)

B. COMPARSION OF HEAT FLUX OF HYBRID COMPOSITE I AND HYBRID II:

The graph shows the heat flux of samples of hybrid composite I and II

The temperature distribution tables shows the temperature distributions of glass fibre reinforced hybrid composites (I) and the
temperature distribution of basalt fibre reinforced hybrid composites (II). In that the smooth distribution of temperature is found
for all samples hybrid composite II compare to the hybrid composite I. The sample I of hybrid composite II shows the better
temperature distribution than all the samples subjected to analysis.
The heat flux table shows the heat flux of glass fibre reinforced hybrid composites (I) and basalt fibre reinforced hybrid
composites (II). In that heat flux is less in hybrid composite II compare to the hybrid composite (I).the sample I of hybrid
composite II show the very less heat flux than the all other samples of both hybrid composite I & II
So the optimized result of this paper is the basalt fiber reinforced hybrid composite (II) at sample I gives the better thermal
performance during drilling operation

V. CONCLUSION
The simulations were conducted for different composition on the ANSYS 14.5, the heat flux and temperature distribution for
different composite were OPTIMIZED and Basalt fiber reinforced hybrid composite shows better result compare to Glass fibre
reinforced hybrid composite during drilling operation.

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Vengatesan.T, Prof.K.Kavitha, Prof.M.Mohanraj, Dr.G.P.Rajamani Study and analysis of drilling in gfrp composites using ansys 14.5. 2014 IJIRT |
Volume 1 Issue 7 | ISSN: 2349-6002
[2] V. Fiore, T. Scalici , G. Di Bella , A. Valenza A review on basalt fibre and its Composites Part B 74 (2015) 74e94.
[3] P. Amuthakkannan, V. Manikandan, M. Uthayakumar ANALYSIS OF DELAMINATION IN DRILLING OF BASALT FIBER REINFORCED
POLYMER COMPOSITES Materials Physics and Mechanics 24 (2015) 1-8.
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