NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF

UNSTABLE DUCTILE CRACK

PROPAGATION AND ARREST OF
PIPELINES
Kei Misawa
Department of Systems Innovation,
Faculty of Engineering, the University of Tokyo
CONTENTS

1. Introduction
2. Modeling
3. Calculation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.1 BACKGROUND

Battelle’s Two Curves Approach is mainly used for safety analysis of

pipelines.

Resistance
Curve

Safe
Pressure Decompression
Curve
Unsafe

Velocity
Battelle’s Two Curves Approach cannot deal with high-strength
materials or various kinds of gasses.
1.2 ABSTRACT
2. MODELING
2.1 GAS-DECOMPRESSION MODEL

Gas Leakage
Crack Propagation
2.1 GAS-DECOMPRESSION MODEL

Modefing the Equation of Mass Conservation

Cross Section
2.1 GAS-DECOMPRESSION MODEL

Dominant Equations

Initial Conditions
2.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION MODEL

N
M

Section
2.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION MODEL

Work by Internal Forces:

Work by External Forces:

By Pressure By Inertia Force

Principle of Virtual Work:

2.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION MODEL

Material follows Exponent Hardening Rule:

2.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION MODEL

From Dugdale model, CTOD and crack form is given by

Boundary conditions are derived.

2.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION MODEL

When crack runs at a unit length, Energy Balance should be

Work by gas pressure:

Kinetic Energy of Pipe:

Strain Energy of Pipe:

Energy Release Rate

Find the solution of crack velocity with secant method

2.3 COUPLED MODEL

Decompression Crack
& Leakage Propagation

Pipe Energy
Deformation Balance
3. CALCULATION
3.1 GAS-DECOMPRESSION
CALCULATION
2.1 GAS-DECOMPRESSION
CALCULATION

Barometers
Calculation
Result
Analytic formula cannot replicate the
decompression by gas-leakage.

Analytic
Solution

Experiment
Result

The result of calculation is correspond to that of experiment.

3.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION
CALCULATION
3.2 CRACK-PROPAGATION MODEL
3.3 COUPLED MODEL CALCULATION
 3.3 COUPLED MODEL CALCULATION

Experiment

Resistance
Changed
ack Velocity (m/s)

Calculation

Distance from Center (m)

Propagation and arrest of crack replicated
3.3 COUPLED MODEL CALCULATION

Crack propagation was not long-distance or steady

propagation in each experiment and calculation.

It is required to improve the precision in the

beginning of the calculation
4. DISCUSSION
4.1 INFLUENCE OF RESISTANCE
4.2 INFLUENCE OF DIAMETER
4.3 INFLUENCE OF THICKNESS
4.4 REQUIRED RESISTANCE AND SMYS

Methane

Hydrogen
4.5 REQUIRED RESISTANCE AND
DIAMETER
4.6 REQUIRED RESISTANCE AND
DESIGN FACTOR
5. CONCLUSION
5. CONCLUSION