FAKULTI

KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
PASIR GUDANG
LABORATORY MANUAL

COURSE

WATER AND WASTEWATER ENGINEERING

COURSE CODE

ECW351

LEVEL OF OPENNESS

CATEGORY

PARTIALLY OPEN ENDED

DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%)

66

PERIOD OF ACTIVITY

1 WEEK

TITLE

ENUMERATION OF BACTERIA

1.1 Introduction
Level 2 laboratory activities refer to the condition where only the problem
is guided and given. Students are required to find the ways & means
and provide the answers to the given assignment using the group
creativity and innovativeness. The activity will enable the students to
appreciate independent learning and prepare them for a much harder
task of open ended laboratory activities.
In this partially open laboratory activity the students are required to carry
out tests to quantify the presence of E-Coli and Total Coliform in water
samples.

PREAMBLE

1.2 Objectives
To make students understand and implement suitable method to prove the
existing of E-Coli and Total Coliform in water bodies.
1.3 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to:
1. To identify E-Coli and Total Coliform.
2. To explain the procedure to conduct the E-Coli and Total Coliform
test.
3. Analyse test data and present the solution in proper technical format.
4. Work in a group to undertake the task and produce the relevant
technical report.
2 Problem Statement

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The presence of coliform bacteria in the water indicates that the water may
have been contaminated with sewage and is not safe to drink. Regulations
require that coliform bacteria be completely absent from 95% of the water
samples.

FKA, UiTM, PASIR GUDANG

May 2015

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
PASIR GUDANG
LABORATORY MANUAL

Each group has to conduct an experiment to identify the amount of E-Coli and
Total Coliform in different water samples. The experiment result should
include pictures and calculation to prove the E-Coli and Total Coliform
existence.
3.1

Apparatus
The group must identify the apparatus needed for the experiment.

3.2

Procedures
The group is required to search for the relevant procedure to carry out
the experiment. The document must be made ready for verification by
the instructor during the laboratory activity.

WAYS & MEANS

3.3

Data Acquisition
All data collected and observed during the test must be tabulate in
proper format for easy verification and presentation of the technical
report

4 Results, Analysis and Conclusion

RESULTS

The group is required to submit the technical report of the laboratory results
highlighting the apparatus used, the procedures undertaken for the test, data
acquisition process, analysis carried out and the relevancy of the set-out
output to address the given problem. The format of the technical report is left
to the creativity discretion of the group.
The report must be submitted 7 days after the completion of the test.

FKA, UiTM, PASIR GUDANG

May 2015