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February 8, 2005
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Contents
Part 1
Chapter 1
Contents
iii
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Part 2
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
iv
Contents
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Dimensioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Adding Automatic Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Editing Dimensions with Power Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Breaking Dimension Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Inserting Drawing Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Inserting Fits Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Chapter 10
Contents
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
vi
Contents
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Contents
vii
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
viii
Contents
Contents
ix
Contents
Part I
Getting Started
with AutoCAD
Mechanical
Part I provides information for getting started with your AutoCAD Mechanical software.
It includes an overview of the product capabilities, a summary of commands with their
toolbuttons and descriptions, and a summary of new and revised commands in this release
of AutoCAD Mechanical.
In addition, Part I includes information about methods to access commands, AutoCAD
Mechanical Help, and product support and training resources.
About AutoCAD
Mechanical
In This Chapter
Accessing commands
AutoCAD Mechanical Help
Chapter 1
Click Start on the task bar, and then choose Programs. Select Autodesk
AutoCAD Mechanical 2005.
On the desktop, double-click the AutoCAD Mechanical icon:
Toolbutton
Power Edit
Menu
Command
AMPOWEREDIT
The step-by-step procedures in the tutorials in Part II of this manual indicate the
command name in the opening procedural text. The appropriate toolbutton is
displayed in the margin next to the preferred access method. In the tutorials,
the context menu method is used when the menus are sensitive to what you are
doing. The browser method is used when you can save time and steps. You can
use any of the alternate methods as well.
Here is an example of how methods are used in the tutorials:
1 Use AMPOWEREDIT to edit a feature.
Context Menu
For access to Help, you can choose from the following methods:
Mechanical Structure
Mechanical structure comprises a suite of 2D structure tools for organizing
drawings and for reusing associative data. The capabilities of reuse in blocks
and accessibility in layer groups are combined in mechanical structure. When
you start the AutoCAD Mechanical application, the Mechanical structure
environment is enabled by default. You can also work with it disabled.
Chapter 1
You can instance components and assemblies multiple times. The live
BOM database in AutoCAD Mechanical keeps track of the quantity of each
part or assembly used.
Changes made to an associative instance of a part or assembly, associative
component, assembly detailing view, or a standard part or feature are
automatically reflected in the other instances.
Folders, components, and individual views of components can be reused
as needed. They maintain full associativity with each other.
Annotation views can be created for components and assemblies to fully
document the design. Changes made to geometry result in associative
dimensions being updated to reflect the change.
The following are the key benefits of external references for mechanical
structure:
Associative 2D Hide
The 2D hide situation tool in AutoCAD Mechanical automates the process to
accurately represent parts and features which are partially or completely hidden in drawing views. The following are some of the 2D hide benefits:
Chapter 1
2D Design Productivity
These features increase productivity and reduce the number of steps needed
to complete mechanical designs:
AutoCAD Mechanical provides an intelligent, customizable layer management system that puts objects on the appropriate layers automatically.
Entities that are not on the current layer group, or entities that are on a
locked layer group can be displayed in a different color to reduce screen
clutter.
2D hidden-line calculations are based on defined foreground and background objects. You can choose hidden line representation types.
Auto detailing creates detailed drawings of individual components from
an assembly drawing.
One set of power commands is used to create, update, and edit objects.
Mechanical line objects are available for creating centerlines and center
crosses, construction lines, symmetrical lines, section lines, break lines,
and others.
Linear/symmetric stretch is used to modify dimensioned geometry by
changing the dimension value.
Predefined hatch patterns are applicable in two picks from toolbars and
menus.
Engineering Calculations
The automatic engineering calculations available in AutoCAD Mechanical
ensure proper function in mechanical designs.
With the shaft generator, you can create drawing views of solid and hollow shafts. Common shaft features supported include center holes, chamfers, cones, fillets, grooves, profiles, threads, undercuts, and wrench fittings. Common standard parts supported include bearings, gears, retaining rings, and seals.
With the spring generator, you select, calculate, and insert compression,
extension, and torsion springs, and Belleville spring washers in a design.
You control the representation type of the spring, and create a spec form
to incorporate in the drawing.
The belt and chain generator function provides features to create chain
and sprocket systems, belt and pulley systems, calculate optimal lengths
for chains and belts, and insert these assemblies in your design. Chains
and belts can be selected from standard libraries.
The cam generator creates cam plates and cylindrical cams given input
border conditions. You can calculate and display velocity, acceleration,
and the cam curve path. You can couple driven elements to the cam and
create NC data through the curve on the path.
10
You can create formatted balloons and bills of material, as well as detailed
views of portions of designs.
Multiple parts lists per drawing are supported. Grouping of a parts list provides lists of like items. Selected items can be combined to calculate total
length required for stock ordering. The parts lists recognize standard parts.
You can format item numbers on parts lists.
Standard-sized drawing borders and customizable title blocks are available.
Intelligent and associative hole tables show a total count of each type of
hole along with a description of them. A second chart lists the coordinates
for each of the holes selected. Any update to the holes is reflected in the
charts.
A language converter translates text on a drawing into one of seventeen
different languages.
Revision control tables in drawings track revisions and display comments.
Fits lists chart all fits used in a drawing.
Chapter 1
Detailing Productivity
Annotations
11
Collaboration
Enjoy the benefits of design collaboration for your 2D output through
Autodesk Streamline support. Autodesk Streamline is a hosted web service for
sharing personalized design data across the entire extended manufacturing
enterprise.
Autodesk Streamline functionality includes the following:
12
Members can view and interact with the 3D data set published on
Autodesk Streamline, without waiting for the data to download.
Using Streamline, many people can share design information and
collaborate online. Functionality includes instant messages, e-mail
notifications, polling/voting, discussion threads, database creation, and
more.
AutoCAD Mechanical data can be written to the AutoCAD DWF file
format, which is one of the file types that Autodesk Streamline leverages.
You can export 3D CAD data in ZGL format (a compressed form of a
standard Open GL file format called XGL). ZGL readily captures 3D data
that can be rendered by the Open GL library. ZGL files can then be
uploaded to Autodesk Streamline.
Commands in
AutoCAD Mechanical
In This Chapter
Command summary
13
Command Summary
The following is a list of the AutoCAD Mechanical commands, a brief
description of each, and the associated toolbutton.
Some commands do not have an associated toolbutton. This list does not
contain AutoCAD commands.
In some cases where some of the task-specific toolbars are available in a more
comprehensive format from the Main toolbar at View Toolbars, it is noted
in the table.
Toolbutton Command Name
14
Chapter 2
Description
ADCENTER
AM2DHIDE
AM2DHIDEDIT
AMADJRINGS2D
AMANALYSEDWG
AMANNOTE
AMASSOHATCH
AMATTACHSYM
AMAUTOCLINES
AMAUTODETAIL
AMAUTODIM
AMBALLOON
Description
AMBEARCALC
AMBELL2D
AMBHOLE2D
AMBOM
AMBREAKATPT
AMBROUTLINE
AMBROWSER
AMBSLOT2D
AMCAM
AMCENCRANGLE
AMCENCRCORNER
AMCENCRHOLE
AMCENCRINHOLE
AMCENCROSS
Command Summary
15
Description
AMCENCRPLATE
AMCENINBET
AMCENTERHOLE2D
Creates a centerhole.
AMCENLINE
AMCENTLINE
Draws a centerline.
AMCHAINDRAW
16
Chapter 2
AMCHAM2D
AMCHECKDIM
AMCLEVISPIN2D
AMCLINEL
AMCLINEO
AMCOMP2D
AMCONSTLINES
AMCONSTSWI
Description
AMCONTIN
AMCONTOUT
AMCONTRACE
AMCONVDWG
AMCOPYLG
AMCOPYVIEW
AMCOTTERPIN2D
AMCOUNTB2D
AMCOUNTS2D
AMCRIVET2D
AMCYLPIN2D
AMDATUMID
AMDATUMTGT
AMDEFLINE
AMDELVIEW
AMDETAIL
Command Summary
17
18
Chapter 2
Description
AMDIMALIGN
AMDIMARRANGE
AMDIMBREAK
AMDIMFORMAT
AMDIMINSERT
AMDIMJOIN
Edits linear, aligned, and angular (3-point or 2line) dimensions by joining similar dimensions
into a single dimension.
AMDIMMEDIT
AMDIMSTRETCH
AMDRBUSH2D
AMDRBUSHHOLE2D
AMDWGVIEW
AMEDGESYM
AMEDIT
AMEDITPSCUTLINE
AMEDITVIEW
Description
AMEQUATEDIT
AMERASEALLCL
AMERASECL
AMEXPLODE
AMEXT2D
AMEXTHREAD2D
AMFCFRAME
AMFEA2D
AMFEATID
AMFILLET2D
AMFITSLIST
AMGROOVE2D
AMGROOVESTUD2D
AMHATCH_135_11
AMHATCH_135_2
Command Summary
19
20
Chapter 2
Description
AMHATCH_135_4
AMHATCH_45_13
AMHATCH_45_2
AMHATCH_45_5
AMHATCH_DBL
AMHELP
AMHOLECHART
AMINERTIA
AMINERTIAPROF
AMIVLINK
AMIVPROJECT
AMIVUPDATE
AMJOIN
AMLANGCONV
AMLANGTEXT
Description
AMLAYER
AMLAYINVO
AMLAYMOVE
AMLAYMOVEPL
AMLAYMOVEWL
AMLAYPARTO
AMLAYPARTREFO
AMLAYRESET
AMLAYTIBLO
AMLAYVISENH
AMLAYVPO
AMLGMOVE
AMLIBRARY
AMLISTVIEW
AMLUBRI2D
Creates a lubricator.
AMMANIPULATE
Command Summary
21
22
Chapter 2
Description
AMMCONTV
AM_MECHANICAL_
BROWSER
AMMIGRATEBB
AMMIGRATESYM
AMMODE
AMMOVEDIM
AMMOVEVIEW
AMNOTE
AMNUT2D
Creates a nut.
AMOFFSET
AMOPTIONS
AMPARTLIST
AMPARTREF
AMPARTREFEDIT
AMPIN2D
Description
AMPLBEAR2D
AMPLOTDATE
AMPLRIVET2D
AMPLUG2D
Creates a plug.
AMPOWERCOPY
AMPOWERDIM
AMPOWERDIM_ANG
AMPOWEREDIT
AMPOWERERASE
AMPOWERRECALL
AMPOWERSNAP
AMPOWERVIEW
AMPROJO
AMPSCALE
AMPSNAP1
AMPSNAP2
Command Summary
23
24
Chapter 2
Description
AMPSNAP3
AMPSNAP4
AMPSNAPCEN
AMPSNAPFILTERO
AMPSNAPMID
AMPSNAPREF
AMPSNAPREL
AMPSNAPVINT
AMPSNAPZO
AMRECTANG
AMREFCLOSE
AMREFCOPY
AMREFDIM
AMRESCALE
AMREV
Description
AMREVLINE
AMREVUPDATE
AMRIVET2D
AMROLBEAR2D
AMSACTIVATE
AMSBASE
AMSCALEXY
AMSCAREA
AMSCATALOG
AMSCMONITOR
AMSCOPYDEF
AMSCREATE
AMSCREW2D
AMSCREWCALC
AMSCREWCON2D
Command Summary
25
26
Chapter 2
Description
AMSCREWMACRO2D
AMSCRIPT
Generates scripts.
AMSEALRING2D
AMSEALS2D
AMSECTIONLINE
AMSEDIT
AMSETUPDWG
Sets up a drawing.
AMSEXTERNALIZE
AMSHAFT2D
AMSHAFTCALC
AMSHAFTEND
AMSHAFTKEY2D
AMSHAFTLNUT2D
AMSHIDE
AMSHIDEEDIT
Description
AMSHIMRING2D
AMSIMPLEWELD
AMSINSERT
AMSLOCALIZE
AMSMOVE
AMSNEW
AMSPROCKET
AMSPURGE
AMSREPLACEDEF
AMSTDPLIB
AMSTDPLIBEDIT
AMSTDPREP
AMSTLSHAP2D
AMSTYLEITAL
Command Summary
27
28
Chapter 2
Description
AMSTYLESIMP
AMSTYLESTAND
AMSTYLETXT
AMSURFSYM
AMSYMLEADER
AMSYMLINE
AMTAPBHOLE2D
AMTAPETHREAD2D
AMTAPITHREAD2D
AMTAPERPIN2D
AMTAPTHOLE2D
AMTEXT3
AMTEXT5
AMTEXT7
AMTEXTCENT
AMTEXTHORIZ
Description
AMTEXTRIGHT
AMTEXTSIZE
AMTEXTTXT
AMTHOLE2D
AMTHREADEND2D
AMTITLE
AMTOR2D
AMTRCONT
AMTSLOT2D
AMUBHOLE2D
AMUBSLOT2D
AMUCOUNTB2D
AMUCOUNTS2D
AMUNDERCUT2D
AMUSERHATCH
Command Summary
29
30
Description
AMUTSLOT2D
AMVARIODB
Connects to a database.
AMVIEWALL
AMVIEWCEN
AMVIEWLL
AMVIEWLR
AMVIEWUL
AMVIEWUR
AMVPORT
AMVPORTAUTO
AMVPZOOMALL
AMWASHER2D
Creates a washer.
AMWELDSYM
AMXREFSET
AMZIGZAGLINE
AMZOOMVP
SAVEAS
In This Chapter
functions
revised commands in AutoCAD Mechanical.
31
Revised Commands
This following are revised commands in this version of AutoCAD Mechanical.
AMBALLOON
Creates and places a balloon.
Menu
Command
AMBALLOON
Main and ? are keywords in the Set BOM option. You can also select a border in model space to specify a border BOM. If the BOM database you set
to does not exist, it is created automatically.
AMBOM
Creates a formatted BOM database containing a list of attributes, parts lists with item
numbers, and lists of like items in a BOM.
Menu
Command
AMBOM
Command line options has been made simpler and the dialog box interface has been enhanced.
AMEDGESYM
Creates edge symbols.
Menu
Command
AMEDGESYM
32
Optionally adds the text ISO 13715 next to the edge symbol.
Chapter 3
AMFCFRAME
Creates feature control frame symbols.
Menu
Command
AMFCFRAME
AMHOLECHART
Creates coordinate dimensions for holes in a work piece and generates hole charts.
Menu
Command
AMHOLECHART
AMIVLINK
Recreates an associative link between a dwg file and an Autodesk Inventor assembly
(.iam) or part (.ipt) document.
Command
AMIVLINK
AMIVUPDATE
Rereads associated Autodesk Inventor part or assembly file and updates the linked dwg
file.
Command
AMIVUPDATE
Revised Commands
33
AMPARTSLIST
Creates and places a parts list in a drawing.
Menu
Command
AMPARTLIST
Command line interface has been made simpler and is consistent with
that of the AMBOM command.
AMSCATLOG
Opens the structure catalog dialog box, which gives you the ability to insert structure
components to the current drawing as external references and manage them.
Menu
Command
AMSCATALOG
AMSECTIONLINE
Creates cutting plane lines.
Menu
Command
AMSECTIONLINE
34
Chapter 3
AMSHIDE
Creates and edits hide situations in the mechanical structure environment.
Menu
Command
AMSHIDE
Provides options to create hide situations that involve more levels than a
simple foreground and background. Dynamically simplifies hide situations,
preventing you from inadvertently creating complex hide situations that
impact on performance.
AMSHIDEEDIT
Edits hide situations created with AMSHIDE
Menu
Command
AMSHIDEEDIT
AMSINSERT
Inserts a new instance of a component view, folder or annotation view in model space, in
the mechanical structure environment.
Menu
Command
AMSINSERT
Revised Commands
35
AMSLOCALIZE
Converts an external reference component to a local component on the current drawing.
Command
AMSLOCALIZE
AMSREPLACEDEF
Replaces the definition of a folder or view with another definition of objects in the
mechanical structure environment.
Menu
Command
AMSREPLACEDEF
AMWELDSYMBOL
Creates welding symbols.
Menu
Command
AMWELDSYMBOL
36
New Commands
AMEDITPSCUTLINE
Displays or selects the paper space cutline for breakout section views.
Command
AMEDITPSCUTLINE
AMIVPROJECT
Selects an Autodesk Inventor Project (.ipj) file to use as the active project file for opening
Autodesk Inventor assembly (.iam) files.
Command
AMIVPROJECT
Provides options to set the current Autodesk Inventor Project (.ipj) file that
AutoCAD Mechanical should use to locate referenced part files, when
opening an Autodesk Inventor assembly (.iam) file.
New Commands
37
38
Part II
AutoCAD Mechanical
Tutorials
The tutorials in this section teach you how to use the AutoCAD Mechanical software. The
lessons include step-by-step instructions and helpful illustrations.
You learn how to work with templates and layers, mechanical structure, model space and
layouts, dimensions, steel shapes and bills of material (BOMs) and parts lists. Chapters about
calculating moments of inertia and deflection lines, creating and calculating chains, springs
and cams, and preparing your designs for final documentation are also included. Specific
drawing files for each lesson are included with the program. These drawing files provide
design elements that help you understand and learn AutoCAD Mechanical concepts.
39
40
Working with
Templates
In This Chapter
Saving a template
Using a template
Setting a default template
41
Key Terms
Term
Definition
base layer
A layer made up of working layers and standard parts layers. Base layers are
repeated in every layer group.
layer group
part layers
A layer where the standard parts are put. All standard parts layers have the suffix
AM_*N.
template
A file with predefined settings to use for new drawings. However, any drawing
can be used as a template.
working layer
42
Chapter 4
If you start a drawing from scratch, AutoCAD Mechanical reads the system
defaults from the registry. The system defaults have a predefined standard.
If you create a new drawing based on an existing template and make changes
to the drawing, those changes do not affect the template.
To begin working with templates immediately, you can use the predefined
template files stored in the acadm\template folder.
However, for this tutorial you create your own template.
43
Command
AMLAYER
2 In the Layer Control dialog box, Layer Control tab, select the layer AM_0 and
then choose Current.
Choose OK.
The layer AM_0 is active, as you can see in the toolbar:
44
Chapter 4
Assist Options
Command
OPTIONS or AMOPTIONS
2 In the Options dialog box, AM:Structure tab, clear the Enable Structure check
box, and then choose Apply.
3 On the AM:Standards tab, specify:
Standard: ISO
Measurement: Metric
Scale: 1:1
Choose OK.
NOTE All settings in this dialog that are stored in the drawing (template) are
marked with this icon:
The current standard and all related settings are
listed in the right section.
45
Command
LIMITS
Saving Templates
Save the previously changed drawing as a template.
To save a template
1 Start the Save As command.
46
Menu
File Save As
Command
SAVEAS
Chapter 4
Choose Save.
3 In the Template Description dialog box, specify:
Description: Tutorial Template
Measurement: Metric
Choose OK.
4 Close the drawing.
Menu
File Close
Command
CLOSE
47
Using Templates
Use the previously created template to start a new drawing.
To open a template
1 Start the New command.
Menu
File New
Command
NEW
Start the new drawing using the settings of the previously saved template.
48
Chapter 4
Assist Options
Command
AMOPTIONS
3 In the Open dialog box, select my_own_template.dwt, and then choose Open.
4 In the Options dialog box, choose OK.
The template my_own_template is used as the default template until you specify
a different default template.
NOTE The default template is used if a drawing does not contain any AutoCAD
Mechanical configuration. If a drawing already contains AutoCAD Mechanical
configuration data, or a new drawing has been created using an AutoCAD
Mechanical template, the default template does not affect these settings.
This is the end of this tutorial chapter.
49
50
Using Mechanical
Structure
In This Chapter
structure
Working in the browser
Hide situations
51
Key Terms
Term
Definition
annotation view
A folder that contains one or more component views dedicated to annotating and
detailing parts and subassemblies.
associative
mechanical browser
component
component view folder A folder nested under a component that contains the geometry for a particular
view of that component.
definition
elemental geometry
The graphical elements of a drawing that represent the shape and size of a part or
assembly.
folder
A folder that contains any drawing item that does not have a dedicated or default
folder preprogrammed in mechanical structure.
free object
geometry
The graphical elements of a drawing that represent the shape and size of a part or
assembly.
hidden geometry
instance
object
occurrence
workflow
52
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
53
Applying Workflows
You can create mechanical structure through top-down, bottom-up, or
middle-out workflows. The workflows are open and flexible, and can be used
in combination. You can apply these workflows at any time during your
design process, and you can apply mechanical structure to existing drawings.
Top-down Workflow
In the top-down workflow, you create the main assembly component first.
You add subassemblies and parts afterwards. This workflow requires that you
have a good idea of the required mechanical structure outline or layout at the
beginning of the design process.
The following illustration shows a generic summary of this workflow. The
first component is called ASSEMBLY1:1. When two SUBASSEMBLIES are
nested under ASSEMBLY1:1, its icon changes from a part to an assembly.
Subsequently, parts are added to the SUBASSEMBLIES and their icons change
to assembly icons.
54
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
Bottom-up Workflow
In the bottom-up workflow, you create individual part components first. The
parts are grouped into subassemblies. Finally, the subassemblies are grouped
under the main assembly component.
Applying Workflows
55
Middle-out Workflow
In the middle-out workflow, you use top-down and bottom-up workflows in
combination. You apply mechanical structure components, whether parts or
assemblies, to your geometry at any time during the design process, without
regard for any predetermined order. This is probably the most common
workflow.
56
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
Associative Data
When you instance a part or assembly component, mechanical structure
maintains a two-way association between instances. If you edit any instance of
a component, all other associated instances in the drawing are automatically
updated. Each time a structured element is copied, it is created from the stored
definition. This feature makes maintaining updates to the drawing much more
efficient and accurate. The association between an instance and the instance
definition can also be broken so that either the definition or instance can be
modified without affecting other instances.
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
57
Assist Options
Command
OPTIONS or AMOPTIONS
2 Scroll the tab row to the right, and then select the AM:Structure tab.
3 Ensure the Enable Structure check box is checked.
AMBROWSER
58
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
can be used to achieve the same result. However, the methods each mode
uses to reach that result are exactly opposite.
When AMSSMODE is set to top-down, the selection sequence begins with the
top-level component and ends with the elemental geometry, according to
the mechanical browser hierarchy. In the following illustration, the first click
selects the top-level assembly, the next click selects the subassembly, the next
click selects the part, and the next click selects the elemental geometry.
When AMSSMODE is set to bottom-up, the selection sequence begins with the
elemental geometry and ends with the top-level component, according to
the mechanical browser hierarchy. In the following illustration, the first click
selects the elemental geometry, the next click selects the part, the next click
selects the subassembly, and the next click selects the top-level assembly.
Much of the time, when working with geometry in mechanical structure, you
will need to select the entire component, rather than its elemental geometry.
The top-down selection mode ensures that your first click selects the entire
component. As an additional aid, take note of the selection tooltips to confirm
that you make the intended selection.
59
AMSSMODE
Any method can be used, and they can be used in combination. The following
demonstration primarily uses the mechanical browser right-click method.
As you work with the mechanical browser, be aware that the available
options on the context menu change according to the following factors:
60
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
Notice that a component node, with its attendant component view folder,
was added to the mechanical browser. The rectangle geometry is now
accounted for in the mechanical structure hierarchy, and an entry has been
made in the bill of materials. You can confirm whether or not geometry was
incorporated into mechanical structure by selecting the component node or
component view folder. Notice that the rectangle is highlighted.
The component view folder is nested under the component node and contains the geometry associated with that particular view of the component. A
component node can contain as many view folders as needed.
61
2 Use the Holes tool to add a hole to the rectangle. For detailed instructions,
see Inserting Holes on page 209.
3 Deactivate the view folder by double-clicking the drawing file name in the
mechanical browser, or by double-clicking below all component nodes in the
mechanical browser background.
The view folder, Top, was active while you created the hole, so the hole is
nested under that view folder. You might need to click the plus symbol in
front of view folder Top to expand the mechanical browser branch.
62
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
Editing Components
Add existing geometry from model space to a component view folder.
To add existing geometry from model space to a component view folders
1 Double-click the mechanical browser background to ensure that no view
folder is active.
2 Create some new geometry. A single line is sufficient.
The geometry is assigned to view folder, Front. Select the view folder to
confirm that the new geometry is now part of the component view.
63
The selected geometry now exists only in model space. Notice that the line
is not highlighted when you select the view folder.
64
Chapter 5
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All elements contained by the view folder are highlighted. The original
geometry moves independently.
2 Use one of the grips to move the geometry.
The original geometry exists in model space only, and the copy is assigned to
the view folder, Front.
65
To remove a view folder from the mechanical browser without losing geometry
1 Ensure that AMSSMODE is set to top-down, and that no view folder is active.
2 On the command line, enter AMEXPLODE.
3 Select the geometry in view folder, Front.
The geometry is returned to model space and the empty view folder, Front,
is deleted automatically.
Instancing Components
An assembly commonly requires multiple instances of a given part or
subassembly. Mechanical structure makes it possible to quickly, easily, and
accurately create component instances, while maintaining an accurate count
in the BOM.
To instance a component
1 Create a new drawing.
2 Create a rectangle.
3 Create a new component using the rectangle for the component view
geometry. Accept the default component name of COMP1.
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Chapter 5
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Click OK.
The mechanical browser shows two instances of this component: COMP1:1
AND COMP1:2.
The number 2 after the colon indicates that this node is the second instance
of the component definition. The BOM now shows a count of 2 for COMP1.
The following steps demonstrate the most useful and powerful aspect of
instancing in mechanical structure.
67
Modifications to any instance appear in all other instances. The value of this
functionality becomes clear when you consider updating a complex assembly
populated with many instances of a given part or subassembly.
You can modify the geometry in view folder, Top, under COMP1:2 without
affecting the geometry in view folder, Top, under COMP1:1.
To modify geometry in a view folder
1 Right-click view folder, Top, under COMP1:2, and then select Edit Break
Link.
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Chapter 5
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The geometry in view folder, Top, under COMP1:1 is not updated to match
the geometry in the view folder under COMP1:2.
When you created the instance, COMP1:2, you had two options in the
Component View Instance Created dialog box.
To explore the second option
1 Ensure that no view is active.
2 In the mechanical browser, right-click COMP1:2, and then select Delete.
3 Use the Copy tool to copy the geometry in view folder, Top, under COMP1:1.
4 In the Component View Instance Created dialog box, select COMP1:1
(Existing).
Instance Top:2 of component view folder, Top, is nested under COMP1:1.
At this point, you can apply the Break Link command to the new view
instance to modify the instance without affecting the other instances.
Close the drawing. It is optional to save the drawing.
69
70
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
71
72
Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
3 Create a new component. Use the default name, and select both closed loops
for the component view folder geometry.
4 Copy the component geometry to create a new instance of the component.
In the Component View Instance Created dialog box, select COMP1:2.
You should now have two component nodes in the mechanical browser,
COMP1:1 and COMP1:2.
73
8 Select the same loop a second time, and then press ENTER.
The Create Hide Situation dialog box is activated. Level1 indicates the object
selected for the foreground and Level2 indicates the object selected for the background. When you click on a level, the object selected for the level is highlighted
in model space. When you expand a level it indicates that free objects have been
selected for that level.
A free object is a piece of elemental geometry, in this case one of the closed
loops. An occurrence is a complete unit of structured geometry such as a
component view or folder.
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Chapter 5
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9 In the tree view, select Hide and in the Store hide situations on list, select
COMP1:1 (Top) and click OK.
4 Click the Hide folders under each component to highlight each hide situation
in the graphics window.
In this example, each hide situation is stored in its own folder in the mechanical
browser hierarchy, nested under the affected components.
75
The preceding steps dealt with hide situations between elemental geometry
within a component. The following steps create a hide situation between
components.
To create a hide situation between components
1 Use the move tool to move the geometry contained in view folder Top under
COMP1:2 so that it crosses the geometry in view folder Top under COMP1:1.
5 Press ENTER.
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Chapter 5
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The Create Hide Situation dialog box is displayed. Expand the level nodes.
The component views selected for the foreground and background are displayed below each level. The hide situation must be stored in the top level of
the mechanical browser hierarchy, the position held in common by the two
components.
6 Use the Move tool to move the geometry in view folder Top under COMP1:2
so that the geometry is repositioned, but still overlaps the geometry in view
folder Top under COMP1:1.
77
2 Expand the Hide Situations node and double-click Hide. The Edit Hide
Situation dialog box is displayed
3 On the toolbar, click the first button (Add Level) button. A new Level is
added.
4 Use the tool bar buttons with the arrow icons and move Levl3 to the bottom.
5 Click the Select Objects button. The dialog box hides.
6 Click one of the closed loops that belong to COMP3:1 (Top) and ensure that
the tooltip shows COMP3:1(Top).
7 Press ENTER to return to the dialog box.
8 Observe how COMP3:1appears behind all others.
9 Use the tool bar buttons with the arrow icons to change the position of the
levels in the z-order and observe how its is reflected in model space.
10 Click OK and close the drawing.
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Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
with a single click and moves as a unit. In this example, a second click selects
the elemental geometry, which can then be moved independently of the
other view geometry.
79
Because the view folder was set to Active, the elemental geometry is selected
with the first click, regardless of the fact that the selection mode is set to topdown. The elemental pieces of the component view geometry can be moved
independently.
Lets take a look at how AMSMOVE functions.
To move geometry using AMSMOVE
1 Deactivate the view folder.
2 Create some new geometry.
3 Select the component node (not the view folder).
4 Right-click and select New Component View.
5 When prompted to select objects for new component view, select the new
geometry.
In the mechanical browser, two view folders are displayed under COMP1:1.
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Chapter 5
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6 Select each view folder to confirm the association with the corresponding
geometry for the view folder.
NOTE Since you are in the top-down selection mode, you have to click twice
to select the geometry.
The geometry from view folder Front is moved to view folder Top. The view
folder Front is now empty. In the mechanical browser, select view folder Top,
to confirm the operation.
81
Using Folders
Use folders to contain drawing items that would otherwise not be accounted
for with a default component view folder.
In the following example, a folder, Groove:1, was created to contain the
upper groove and arrayed to create the others. Modifying one of the grooves
results in all grooves being updated.
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Chapter 5
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In the following example, a folder, Profile:1, was created to contain the upper
wheel profile. Profile:2 was created by mirroring the geometry contained in
Profile:1. The Wheel component was created after the Profile folders. The
design intent is captured and organized with these folders.
83
7 Right-click the root node of the mechanical browser, and select Insert
Component
8 When prompted, enter COMP1.
9 Activate AMBOM.
10 On the command line, enter Main.
The BOM now shows a quantity of 2 for COMP1.
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Chapter 5
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Restructuring Components
You can move components from one place in the mechanical browser heirachy to another, according to your design intent.
To restructure components in the mechanical browser
1 Open the file tut_connected_plates.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
The holes at the top of the mechanical browser were created automatically
when the screw connections was inserted. For more information about screw
connections, see Inserting Screw Connections on page 185.
85
In this exercise, you move the holes to the plates, the place in the mechanical
browser heirachy where they logically belong.
3 Drag HOLE2:1 (Front) on to the Side view folder of BOTTOM PLATE:1.
HOLE2:1 is now part of BOTTOM PLATE:1, and the front view of the hole is
now a part of the bottom plate side view.
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Chapter 5
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5 From the Source Component Views list drag HOLE1:1 (Top) on to TOP
PLATE1: (Top) and click OK. HOLE1:1 now belongs to the TOP PLATE:1.
For the rest of this exercise, you will create an assembly named PLATES WITH
SCREW SET and restructure the browser such that all the existing components will become parts of this assembly.
6 Right-click the file name on the mechanical browser and select New
Component.
7 Respond to the prompts on the command line as follows:
Enter new component name <COMP1>:
Enter PLATES WITH SCREW SET and press ENTER
Enter new view name <Top>: Press ENTER
Select objects for new component view: Press ENTER
Specify base point: Select point P2
8 Drag the Top view of BOTTOM PLATE:1 on to the Top view of PLATES WITH
SCREW SET:1.
87
Note that PLATES WITH SCREW SET:1 has only one view and the top view
of BOTTOM PLATE is already mapped to it. You will now create a new view
for PLATES WITH SCREW SET:1 and map the Side view of BOTTOM PLATE:1
to it.
9 Right-click a vacant area of the Destination Component Views list.
A menu is displayed.
10 Select Create New View.
The Restructure Components dialog box hides.
11 Respond the prompts on the command line as below
Enter new view name <Front>: Enter Side and press ENTER
Select objects for new component view: Press ENTER.
Specify base point: Select point P1
You are returned to the Component Restructure dialog box. The dialog box
however, displays both views of BOTTOM PLATE:1 in the Source Components View list.
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Chapter 5
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NOTE You can select multiple components on the Source Component Views
list and drag them on to a single destination component view.
89
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Chapter 5
Mechanical Structure
In This Chapter
objects
commands used for working with layers and layer
groups in
AutoCAD
Mechanical.
objects
91
Key Terms
Term
Definition
base layer
A layer made up of working layers and standard parts layers. Base layers are
repeated in every layer group.
layer group
part layers
The layer where the standard parts are put. All standard parts layers have the
suffix AM_*N.
working layer
92
Chapter 6
Layer 0 is a default layer and not a mechanical layer, because this layer has
special properties (by block). If you want to have these special properties
available, rename layer AM_0 to 0 in the Layer/Objects dialog box.
Because AutoCAD always starts with Layer 0, we recommend that you use
template files, where layer AM_0 is always the starting layer.
If you move elements on layer 0 to other layer groups, you are asked if you
always want to move the elements on layer group layergroupname-AM_0.
NOTE For this chapter, work with mechanical structure disabled. It is also recommended that you release the DYN status bar button
Getting Started
Before you start, disable mechanical structure.
To disable mechanical structure
1 On the main menu, choose Assist Options. On the AM:Structure tab, clear
the Enable Structure check box.
Mechanical structure is disabled.
Open the initial drawing.
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_layers.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Command
ZOOM
93
94
Chapter 6
Command
AMLAYMOVE
The centerlines of the differential gear are moved to the layer and layer group
of the engine centerline.
Save your file.
95
Command
AMLGMOVE
96
Chapter 6
3 In the Layer Control dialog box, choose the Create button, and create a new
layer group called Gear. Choose Apply, and then choose OK.
97
Command
AMLAYER
2 In the Layer Control dialog box, choose the Layer Group Control tab, and
then choose Create.
3 Enter Coverplate for the layer group name, and then choose Apply.
4 Choose Create again, and then create a layer group called Bushing.
Choose OK.
5 Start the Move to Another Group command.
98
Menu
Command
AMLGMOVE
Chapter 6
7 In the Layer Control dialog box, select the layer group Coverplate, and then
choose OK.
99
Command
AMLGMOVE
100
Chapter 6
3 In the Layer Control dialog box, select the layer group Bushing, and choose OK.
101
Command
ZOOM
Command
AMLAYVISENH
4 Choose OK.
NOTE For a correct representation, you might need to start the REGEN
command.
5 Start the Layer Group Control command.
102
Menu
Command
AMLAYER
Chapter 6
6 In the Layer Control dialog box, Layer Group Control tab, select the layer
group Shaft, and then choose the Current button.
NOTE You can activate the layer group Shaft with a double-click, too.
Choose OK.
Copy the layer group Shaft to the second drawing border.
103
Command
AMCOPYLG
Enter layer group name or (?) <select object>: Enter Shaft, press ENTER
Layer group "shaft" selected, 47 found.
Select objects: Press ENTER
Enter new layer group name or (?) <Group1>:
Enter Shaft2, press ENTER
Specify base point or displacement: Specify a point on the shaft
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>:
Specify another point in the drawing border on the right
The second drawing order looks like this:
104
Designing Levers
In This Chapter
AutoCAD
Mechanical.
configuration
Creating construction lines
Creating a contour and applying
a fillet
Creating a contour and
dimensions
105
Key Terms
Term
Definition
construction lines
Lines, which are infinite in both directions or rays, which are infinite starting at a
point that can be inserted into the drawing area. You use construction lines to
transfer important points (for example, center points of holes) into other views or
drawing areas.
construction geometry
detail
distance snap
library
A feature that makes it possible to store parts such as blocks and drawings in a
library. For every inserted part, an icon can be created. The icon is put in the
display section on the right side of the dialog box along with an assigned name.
Power Command
A collective term for the Power Copy, Power Recall, Power Edit, Power
Dimensioning, Power Erase, and Power View commands.
Power Dimensioning
Power Dimensioning is a very useful tool for generating linear, radial and diameter
dimensions, which minimizes the number of the individual actions required while
generating a dimension. Power Dimensioning selects the type of linear dimension
(horizontal, vertical, or aligned), based on the selected point, and the dimensions
of the drawing can have a uniform style using the distance snap.
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Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Extending Designs
First, you start a new drawing template with ISO standard. Then you load the
initial drawing using the Library.
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
To open a template
1 Open a new drawing.
Menu
File New
Command
NEW
Extending Designs
107
Insert Library
Command
AMLIBRARY
Command
ZOOM
108
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
NOTE The snap defaults can be set in the Options dialog box on the
AM:Preferences tab.
Extending Designs
109
Command
AMPOWERSNAP
3 After configuring the settings, activate Setting 1, and then choose OK.
Save your file.
NOTE Within a command, the various object snap functions are also accessible.
Hold down the SHIFT key, and right-click.
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Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Command
AMCONSTCRS
If you have started the command using the menu, the Construction Lines
dialog box opens. If you started the command directly using the toolbar or
the command line, you can skip step 2.
2 In the Construction Lines dialog box, choose the Cross icon shown above.
3 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point: Specify the intersection of line b and line c (1)
Specify insertion point: Press ENTER
4 Next, draw two lines parallel to the vertical and horizontal lines of the
construction line cross.
5 Start the Draw Construction Lines command.
Menu
Command
AMCONSTPAR
If you started the command using the menu, the Construction Lines dialog
box is displayed.
Extending Designs
111
6 In the Construction Lines dialog box, choose the Parallel with Full Distance
icon.
8 Insert the second set of parallel lines, and respond to the prompts as follows:
Select line, ray or xline: Select line b
Specify insertion point or Distance (xx|xx|xx..) <3|9>:
Enter 4.5|9.5, press ENTER
Specify point on side to offset: Specify a point below line b (2)
9 Press ENTER.
Save your file.
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Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Command
AMPSNAP2
Command
AMCONSTHB
If you started the command using the menu, the Construction Lines dialog
box is displayed.
3 In the Construction Lines dialog box, choose the Two Points or Angle icon.
Extending Designs
113
Command
AMCONSTKR
If you started the command using the menu, the Construction Lines dialog
box is displayed.
7 In the Construction Lines dialog box, choose the Circle Tangent to 2 Lines
icon.
114
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
All construction lines have been inserted, and the contour can be generated.
Save your file.
Design Polyline
Command
PLINE
Extending Designs
115
Now, erase the C-Lines. You can erase all C-lines by calling one command.
116
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Command
AMERASEALLCL
NOTE You can switch construction lines on and off temporarily by choosing
Assist Layer/Layergroup Construction Line On/Off.
4 Apply a fillet to the corner of the triangle.
Menu
Modify Fillet
Command
AMFILLET2D
Choose OK.
Extending Designs
117
Command
AMPSNAP3
118
Menu
Design Line
Command
LINE
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Now, trim the projecting edges at the upper edge of the lever.
4 Start the Trim command.
Menu
Modify Trim
Command
TRIM
Extending Designs
119
120
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Command
AMHATCH_45_2
Dimensioning Contours
Now, dimension the lever, using the Power Dimensioning command.
Extending Designs
121
To dimension a contour
1 Start the Power Snap Setting 1 command.
Menu
Command
AMPSNAP1
Command
AMPOWERDIM
4 In the Power Dimensioning dialog box, click the Add Tolerance icon and
specify:
Deviation: Upper: 0.1
Deviation: Lower: 0
Precision: Primary: 1
Choose OK.
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Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Extending Designs
123
To create a detail
1 Start the Detail command.
Menu
Design Detail
Command
AMDETAIL
124
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
Extending Designs
125
Command
AMPOWERDIM
Choose OK.
126
Chapter 7
Designing Levers
The Power Dimensioning command recognizes the different scale area. If you
dimensioned the radius in the original drawing, the dimension value would
be the same. The text height is also the same, as related to the standard.
This is the end of this tutorial chapter.
Save your file.
Extending Designs
127
128
In This Chapter
layout
129
Key Terms
Term
Definition
base layer
A layer made up of working layers and standard parts layers. Base layers are
repeated in every layer group.
detail
drawing
layer group
layout
The tabbed environment in which you create and design floating viewports to be
plotted. Multiple layouts can be created for each drawing.
Power Dimensioning
A command useful for generating linear, radial, and diameter dimensions, which
minimizes the number of the individual actions while generating a dimension.
Power Dimensioning automatically selects the type of the linear dimension
(horizontal, vertical, aligned), based on the selected point.
scale area
scale monitor
A function to view and control the scale for any scale area.
viewport
view scale
The scale of a base drawing relative to the model scale. Also, the scale of
dependent views relative to the base view.
working layer
130
Chapter 8
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
Getting Started
In this tutorial, you work with viewports. You generate an associative detail
and create a subassembly drawing.
To open a file
1 Open the file tut_engine.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
131
Command
AMSCAREA
132
Chapter 8
Choose OK.
Use Viewport Auto Create to create a viewport automatically.
133
Command
AMVPORTAUTO
134
Chapter 8
To create a detail
1 Start the Detail command.
Menu
Design Detail
Command
AMDETAIL
Choose OK.
135
136
Chapter 8
Command
AMVPORT
The drawing is changed to model space so that you can define the midpoint.
137
138
Chapter 8
MSPACE
Command
AMTHOLE2D
3 In the Select a Through Hole dialog box, scroll to and select User Through
Holes, and then click Front View.
139
Choose Finish.
140
Chapter 8
Because of the associativity, the through hole created in the viewport also
appears in the original view.
In the next step, you dimension the through hole diameter in the viewport.
Since the dimension is to appear only in the detail view, you generate the
dimension directly in the layout without having a viewport active.
141
PSPACE
Command
AMPOWERDIM
142
Chapter 8
NOTE You can also dimension the hole in model space and turn off the layer
of one specific viewport. In that case, the dimension text is correct only in the
1:1 viewport, and not in the detail view. Therefore, you can dimension directly
on the layout.
Save your file.
143
Command
AMLAYER
3 In the Layer Control dialog box, Layer Group Control tab, click the icon in
the Base Layer Group row, Freeze/Thaw in new viewports column to freeze it.
Choose OK.
Create an associative view of a subassembly in layout 2.
144
Chapter 8
Command
AMVPORT
145
146
Chapter 8
Finish your detail drawing with text, remarks, annotations, and so on.
NOTE When you plot the drawing, the red viewport frame is turned off automatically. If you have a plotter or printer driver installed, use the plot command,
and preview the drawing.
This is the end of this tutorial chapter.
Save your file.
147
148
Dimensioning
In This Chapter
Automatic dimensioning
Editing dimensions with Power
Commands
Breaking dimension lines
Inserting a drawing border
Inserting a fits list
149
Key Terms
Term
Definition
baseline dimension
A dimension that is aligned to extension lines and read from the bottom or right
side of the drawing.
centerline
drawing border
fit
fit name
multi edit
An option where you determine a selection set of dimensions and edit them
together.
Power Dimensioning
Power Dimensioning is a tool for generating linear, radial, angular, and diameter
dimensions, which minimizes the number of the individual actions required while
generating a dimension. Power Dimensioning selects the type of linear dimension
(horizontal, vertical, or aligned), based on the selected point, and the dimensions
of the drawing can have a uniform style using the distance snap.
Power Erase
Command for deleting. Use Power Erase when you delete part reference numbers
or dimensions that were created with Power Dimensioning and Automatic
Dimensioning.
title block
A title block contains a series of attributes. Some already have values. The preassigned values can be modified, and the vacant attributes can be completed
with new values.
tolerance
The total amount by which a given dimension (nominal size) may vary (for
example, 20 0.1).
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Chapter 9
Dimensioning
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
To open a file
1 Open the file tut_bushing.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
151
Command
AMAUTODIM
Choose OK.
3 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Select objects [Block]: Select the complete bushing by creating a window around it
Select objects [Block]: Press ENTER
First extension line origin: Select the lower leftmost corner of the bushing (1)
Specify dimension line location or [Options/Pickobj]: Drag the dimensioning
downwards until it snaps in (highlighted red), and then click
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Chapter 9
Dimensioning
Starting point for next extension line: Press ENTER to end the command
Generate the diameter dimensions using shaft dimensioning.
To dimension a shaft
1 Start Automatic Dimensioning.
Menu
Command
AMAUTODIM
153
154
Chapter 9
Dimensioning
Command
AMPOWERERASE
155
Command
AMPOWERDIM
3 In the Power Dimensioning dialog box, choose the Add Fit button, and then
specify:
Fit: Symbol: H7
4 Click the Special Characters button, and then select the diameter symbol
(upper left).
Choose OK.
Apply angular dimensioning.
156
Chapter 9
Dimensioning
Command
AMDIMMEDIT
157
3 In the Power Dimensioning dialog box, choose the Add Fit button, and then
specify:
Fit: Symbol: h7
Choose OK.
The fit description h7 is added to the dimensions.
Save your file.
158
Chapter 9
Dimensioning
Command
AMDIMBREAK
159
Command
AMTITLE
Choose OK.
3 Respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify insertion point:
160
Chapter 9
Dimensioning
Choose OK.
5 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Select Objects: Select the complete bushing including dimensions
Select Objects: Press ENTER
New location for objects: Click Zoom Extents
New location for objects: Place the bushing in the middle of the drawing border
161
Command
AMFITSLIST
162
Chapter 9
Dimensioning
Choose OK.
3 In the AutoCAD Question dialog box, choose Yes.
163
164
In This Chapter
10
power commands
Editing 2D hide situations
Copying and moving 2D hide
situations
165
Key Terms
Term
Definition
background
A contour that is covered by another contour or by objects that are lying behind
another contour, in the 3D sense. A background may be a foreground for an
additional contour.
foreground
Objects which are lying in front of another contour, in the 3D sense. A foreground
may also be a background for an additional contour.
hidden line
Line that is not visible in a specified view. For example, in a front view, lines
behind the front plane are not visible.
steel shapes
Steel shapes are standardized steel geometries and profiles that are used for steel
and plant construction.
166
Chapter 10
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
Assist Options
Command
OPTIONS or AMOPTIONS
2 Scroll the tab row to the right, and then select the AM:Structure tab.
3 Ensure the Enable Structure check box is cleared.
Open the initial drawing.
167
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_steelshape.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Command
ZOOM
168
Chapter 10
Command
AM2DHIDE
NOTE As you can see, the parts of the sprockets that should be visible appear
as hidden lines. This shows that the complete area inside the outer chain contour
is defined as foreground.
Define the 2D hide situation in a way that the chain has an inner contour.
169
5 In the Create Hide Situation dialog box, Foreground tab, choose Select Inner
Contours.
170
Chapter 10
The sprocket is no longer displayed as a hidden line and the chain drive is
displayed correctly.
Press ENTER
The 2D hide situation is defined correctly, and you can proceed with your
drawing.
Save your file under a different name or to a different directory to preserve
the original tutorial file.
171
Command
ZOOM
Command
AMSTLSHAP2D
3 In the Select a Steel Shape dialog box, select Steel Shapes Square/Rectangular
Hollow Section, and then select ISO 657/14-1982 (Rectangular) and Top View.
172
Chapter 10
5 In the ISO 657/14 - 1982 (Rectangular) - Size Selection dialog box, specify:
Select a Size: 90x90x4.0
Choose Finish.
6 Respond to the prompt as follows:
Drag Size: Select point P2
The steel shape is inserted. Your drawing looks like this:
173
Command
AMPOWERVIEW
Copy the previously inserted view to the other edge of the girder.
5 Start the Power Copy command.
174
Menu
Command
AMPOWERCOPY
Chapter 10
Command
AM2DHIDEDIT
175
3 In the Modify Hide Situation dialog box, Foreground tab, choose Select View.
176
Chapter 10
Select point P5
177
The girder assembly is copied to the new location. Your drawing looks like
this.
Modify Move
Command
MOVE
178
Chapter 10
The complete chain drive is moved to the top view of the assembly. Your
drawing looks like this:
Define the 2D hide situation for the girder assembly and the chain drive.
To define a 2D hide situation
1 Start the Hide Invisible Edges command.
Menu
Command
AM2DHIDE
179
Now, the girder assembly is hidden by the chain drive. Your drawing looks
like this:
180
Working with
Standard Parts
In This Chapter
11
Power Copy
Creating screw templates
Editing a screw connection with
Power Edit
Working with Power View
Deleting with Power Erase
Inserting holes
Inserting pins
Turning off centerlines in the
configuration
Hiding construction lines
Simplifying the representation of
standard parts
181
Key Terms
Term
Definition
background
A contour that is covered by another contour or by objects that are lying behind
another contour, in the 3D sense. A background may be a foreground for an
additional contour.
C-line (construction line) A line that is infinite in both directions or infinite starting at a point which can be
inserted into the drawing area. You use C-lines to transfer important points (for
example, center points of holes) into other views or drawing areas.
countersink
A chamfered hole that allows bolt and screw heads to be flush or below the part
surface.
dynamic dragging
The act of determining the size of a standard part with the cursor while inserting
it into a side view. The standard part is displayed dynamically on the screen and
can be dragged to the next possible size or length. The values (sizes) are taken
from the Standard parts database.
Power Command
Summary term for Power Copy, Power Recall, Power Edit, Power Dimensioning,
Power Erase and Power View.
Power Copy
Power Edit
Power Erase
A command for intelligent deleting. Use Power Erase when you delete part
reference numbers or when you delete dimensions that have been created with
Power Dimensioning and Automatic Dimensioning.
Power Recall
A command that lets you click an existing drawing object and places you in the
correct command for creating that object.
Power View
A command where you can quickly and easily create a standard part top view or
bottom view of a side view and vice versa.
representation
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Chapter 11
NOTE It is required that the ISO standard parts be installed for this tutorial
exercise. For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
When standard parts are placed in a drawing, they are automatically
included in mechanical structure, whether or not the assembly drawing is
structured.
Before you start this exercise, verify that mechanical structure is enabled. If
you proceed without mechanical structure enabled, some command line
prompts will differ from the prompts in the exercise.
To enable mechanical structure
1 On the main menu, choose Assist Options.
2 On the AM:Structure tab, check the Enable Structure check box.
Open the initial drawing.
183
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_std_pts.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
The drawing contains a motor with a gearbox. Some construction lines are
inserted to help you work through the tutorial exercise. The gearbox is not
completed yet. We want to add standard components and show how easy it
is to edit standard parts with an automatic update of the background objects.
2 Zoom in to the area of interest.
Menu
Command
ZOOM
184
Chapter 11
Command
AMSCREWCON2D
185
186
Chapter 11
You are returned to the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box.
5 In the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box, choose the upper Holes
button. Then select Through Cylindrical, and ISO 273 normal.
6 In the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box, choose the lower Holes
button. Then select Tapped Holes, Blind, and ISO 262 (Regular Thread).
NOTE The screw types available and the order depend on the standard
selected to be active in AMOPTIONS, AM:Standard Parts.
187
Step 7
Step 5
Step 6
Choose Next.
8 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point of first hole: Specify first point (1)
Specify endpoint of first hole [Gap between holes]: Specify second point (2)
188
Chapter 11
10 In the Screw Assembly Grip Representation - Front View dialog box, choose
Finish.
189
NOTE During dragging, the size of the screw is shown as a tooltip and in the
status bar, where the coordinates are usually displayed.
The background is automatically hidden, and your drawing looks like this:
190
Chapter 11
Command
AMPOWERCOPY
The screw is copied to the specified location. Your drawing looks like this:
191
The standard parts you inserted are listed in the browser. If you start with a
structured assembly drawing, the standard parts are automatically structured
within the subassembly where they are inserted.
Command
ZOOM
192
Menu
Command
ZOOM
Chapter 11
Command
AMSCREWCON2D
193
194
Chapter 11
5 In the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box, choose the upper Holes
button. Then select Countersinks, and ISO 7721.
6 In the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box, choose the lower Holes
button. Then select Tapped Holes, Blind, and ISO 262.
195
7 In the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box, choose Back to store the
screw template.
8 In the Screw Assembly Templates dialog box, choose the Save icon. Your
screw connection is stored as a template and is added to the list.
196
Chapter 11
Choose Next.
NOTE The screw template contains the combination of the used standard
parts. It contains no sizes, like diameters or lengths.
9
197
The Result field displays a nominal diameter size of M4. Choose OK.
11 In the Screw Connection - Front View dialog box, the precalculation routine
has marked M4.
198
Chapter 11
Choose Next.
12 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point of first hole: Specify first point (1)
Specify endpoint of first hole [Gap between holes]: Specify second point (2)
1
199
13 In the Screw Assembly Location - Front View dialog box, choose Next.
14 In the Screw Assembly Grip Representation - Front View dialog box, choose
Finish.
15 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Drag Size: Drag screw connection dynamically to size M4 x 12, and then click
Drag Size: Enter 8, press ENTER
The screw connection is inserted with a screw length of 12 mm and a blind
hole depth of 8 mm.
Your drawing looks like this:
200
Chapter 11
Command
AMPOWEREDIT
NOTE You can also start Power Edit by double-clicking the desired part.
3 In the AutoCAD message box, click OK.
201
6 On the Templates page, double-click the ISO 10642 screw template in the list,
or select it and choose the Load the template icon.
The Screw Connection New Part Front View - Front View dialog box contains
the screw connection as it has been stored in the template.
7 Select the size M4, and then choose Next.
202
Chapter 11
203
Command
ZOOM
Command
ZOOM
Use Power View to insert the screws into the top view of the coverplate.
204
Chapter 11
Command
AMPOWERVIEW
205
The top view of the screw connection is inserted into the top view of the
coverplate. Your drawing should look like this:
4 Repeat steps 1 and 2 to insert the top view of the screw at the other three
centerline crosses of the top view of the coverplate.
The coverplate should look like this:
206
Chapter 11
To zoom to a window
1 Zoom to the extents of the drawing.
Menu
Command
ZOOM
Command
ZOOM
207
Command
AMPOWERERASE
The screw connection is deleted and the lines and hatch are restored.
208
Chapter 11
Inserting Holes
Replace the previously deleted screw connection with a pin. First you insert
a blind hole for the pin.
To insert a hole
1 Start the Blind Hole command.
Menu
Command
AMBHOLE2D
2 In the Select a Blind Hole dialog box, select Acc. to ISO 273, and Front View.
209
4 In the Acc. to ISO 273 - Nominal Diameter dialog box, select a size of 5, and
then choose Finish.
210
Chapter 11
Inserting Pins
Insert a pin into the blind hole.
211
To insert a pin
1 Start the Cylindrical Pins command.
Menu
Command
AMCYLPIN2D
2 In the Select a Cylindrical Pin dialog box, select ISO 2338 and Front View.
212
Chapter 11
NOTE Turn the object snap (OSNAP) option off to snap to the correct pin size.
6 In the Select Part Size dialog box, select 5 h8 x 16 - B, and then choose OK.
213
You inserted the blind hole first, and then the pin. This results in overlapping
centerlines. In order to have a correct plot, turn one centerline off.
To turn off a centerline
1 Select the previously inserted cylindrical pin.
2 Right-click, and on the shortcut menu deactivate Centerlines on/off.
With the centerline of the pin turned off, only the centerline of the blind
hole is displayed.
Save your file.
214
Chapter 11
Assist Options
Command
AMOPTIONS
2 On the AM:Standard Parts tab, clear the Draw Centerlines check box.
215
Command
ZOOM
Command
AMCLINEO
Command
AMSTDPREP
216
Chapter 11
Choose OK.
217
All of the standard parts you inserted in this exercise are listed in the
mechanical browser.
Save your file.
This is the end of this tutorial chapter.
218
Chapter 11
In This Chapter
12
parts lists
Collecting balloons
Sorting and renumbering items
on parts lists
Using filters
219
Key Terms
Term
Definition
balloon
Circular annotation tag that identifies a bill of material item in a drawing. The
number in the balloon corresponds with the number of the part in the bill of
material.
bill of material
BOM attribute
An entity that contains attributes by default (the attribute is invisible) that can add
information to and describe details of a part in the drawing. The values of these
attributes are transformed into the parts list attributes when converting BOM
attributes and creating a parts list.
part reference
Part information for a bill of material, which is attached to the part in the
drawing.
parts list
A dynamic list of parts and associated attributes generated from a bill of material
database. The parts list automatically reflects additions and subtractions of parts
from an assembly.
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Chapter 12
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
Open the initial drawing.
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_pts_list in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Command
ZOOM
221
Command
AMPARTREF
222
Chapter 12
Choose OK.
The Part Reference is inserted into the drawing. In the next step, you create
a part reference by reference.
To insert a part reference by reference
1 Start the Part reference command again.
Menu
Command
AMPARTREF
NOTE You can use the option Copy to create a new part with similar text information.
223
NOTE This part reference looks different, because it has been attached to an
object (the circular edge) of the part.
Subsequently, when you generate the parts list, it will show a quantity of 2
for this item.
Save your file.
Command
AMPARTREFEDIT
224
Chapter 12
3 In the Part Ref Attributes dialog box, Reference Quantity field, enter 3, and
then choose OK.
Command
ZOOM
Placing Balloons
Create balloons from the part references in the drawing.
225
To place a balloon
1 Start the Balloon command.
Menu
Command
AMBALLOON
NOTE At this stage the drawing doesnt contain a BOM database. As with the
AMPARTLIST command, the AMBALOON command creates a BOM database
automatically. This means all part references are added to the database and item
numbers are created inside the database. However, unless specifically instructed
the commands create only the main BOM database. For the purpose of this tutorial, you need to create a BOM database to contain part references held within
the border; a border BOM. This is why you are instructed to type B, to trigger
the set BOM option of the AMBALOON command.
To create and edit a database manually, use the AMBOM command
Specify BOM to create or set current [Main/?] <MAIN>:
Click the border in model space.
Select part/assembly or [auTo/autoAll/set Bom/Collect/arrow
Inset/Manual/One/Renumber/rEorganize]: Enter A
3 Use a window to select all objects, and then press ENTER.
226
Chapter 12
Your drawing needs to look like the following in order for you to continue:
227
To rearrange balloons.
1 Start the Balloon command again.
Menu
Command
AMBALLOON
228
Chapter 12
NOTE You can control snap distance within the Balloon Properties dialog box.
Create a part reference and a balloon in one step with the manual option.
To create a part reference and a balloon using the manual option
1 Start the Balloon command again.
Menu
Command
AMBALLOON
NOTE Instead of selecting a point to create a part reference, you can use Copy
or Reference from the Manual option to get the information from an existing
balloon or part reference.
229
Choose OK.
4 Press ENTER to start the leader line of the balloon in the center of the part
reference.
5 Move the cursor through the center of balloon 1 to get the tracking line and
the snap distance, and then click the insertion point.
NOTE Instead of entering the insertion point, you can select another point to
create an extended leader line.
6 Press ENTER.
Save your file.
230
Chapter 12
Command
AMPARTLIST
Choose OK.
231
NOTE If a drawing contains more than one border, the borders are listed in
the BOM dialog box. From there you can select a particular border and view the
associated parts list.
In the next exercise, you edit balloon and parts list information using several
methods.
To edit parts list information
1 Start the Edit Part List/Balloon command.
Command
AMEDIT
232
Chapter 12
Choose OK.
The parts list reflects the material value you added.
NOTE Choose Apply to see the results in the drawing immediately without
leaving the dialog box. All changes made in the dialog box are associative and
change the data in the drawing immediately.
233
You can edit your data in this dialog box. Some examples are shown next.
234
Chapter 12
5 Select the Hex Nut entry, and then choose the Set values icon.
Choose OK.
235
7 Now, change the material of the second bolt and nut accordingly.
NOTE Use the shortcut menu inside a field to cut, copy, and paste.
236
Chapter 12
The two items are merged. In the table, Item 6 now has a quantity of 2, and
Item 1 is missing.
You can select several rows to merge or split items. In order to merge, the
selected rows need to have the same entries.
3 Choose Apply to display the changes in the drawing.
Balloon 6 is displayed twice.
NOTE Select the gray field to the left of row 1, and the Split item icon is
activated.
237
In this case, if you choose Split item, the previously merged items are split
again.
To select all rows at once, click the gray field in the upper left corner, as
shown in the following illustration.
NOTE In this case, the Merge item and Split item icons are active. Using these
icons, you can merge or split all items at once. All data is compared, and like
items are merged. If they are already merged items, they are split.
Now that you have merged the bearing, you can delete one of the balloons
and add an additional leader. Choose OK to exit the Parts List dialog box.
To delete a balloon
1 Use Power Erase, and select the left balloon with the item number 6.
2 Press ENTER to delete the balloon.
NOTE Deleting a balloon in the drawing doesn't delete any data. Data is lost
only if you delete a part reference. You can add more than one balloon to a part
reference. For example, you can create a balloon with the same item number for
the same part in another view.
238
Chapter 12
Collecting Balloons
Collecting balloons enables you to place balloons of related parts to one
leader line. For example, you can place the balloons of a screw and a nut to
one common leader line.
Use Zoom Window to zoom in the top view of the drawing.
Menu
Command
ZOOM
239
To collect balloons
1 Start the AMBALLOON command.
Menu
Command
AMBALLOON
5 Repeat the collect balloon command for the screw and nut on the right side.
The result should look like this:
240
Chapter 12
Command
ZOOM
2 Double-click the parts list to display the Parts List dialog box.
3 Choose the Sort icon.
NOTE You can sort within a selection set, otherwise you are sorting all items.
241
Choose OK.
The result should look like this:
242
Chapter 12
Using Filters
You can create and use one or more filters for every parts list you have
inserted in the drawing.
243
The details for this filter are displayed in the Filter/Groups section of the Parts
List dialog box.
244
Chapter 12
245
The filtered parts list is displayed in the drawing. The defined filters are saved
with the parts list and can be used again later.
If you want only to print the filtered list, choose the Print icon.
8 Deactivate the custom filter, and then click OK to close the dialog box.
The filter is used in this drawing.
246
Chapter 12
247
248
13
In This Chapter
generator
Creating shaft sections
Inserting a profile
Inserting a chamfer and a fillet
section
Replacing a shaft section
Inserting a bearing
249
Key Terms
Term
Definition
bearing calculation
Calculates limiting value, dynamic and static load rating, dynamic and static
equivalent load, and fatigue life in revolutions and hours.
chamfer
dynamic calculation
Calculation required for a revolving bearing. The result is the Adjusted Rating Life.
This is the life associated with 90% reliability with contemporary, commonly used
material, and under conventional operating conditions. With the number of
revolutions you get the life in working hours.
dynamic dragging
The act of determining the size of a standard part with the cursor while inserting
it into a side view. The standard part is displayed dynamically on the screen and
can be dragged to the next possible size and length. The values (sizes) are taken
from the Standard parts database.
fillet
A curved transition from one part face or surface to another. The transition cuts
off the outside edge or fills in the inside edge.
gear
Thin line that represents the radius in the side or top view.
shaft break
Interruption of a shaft. A shaft can be interrupted at a point, and the shaft break
symbols are inserted in a suitable size.
shaft generator
Tool to draw rotationally symmetrical parts. A shaft is usually created from left to
right using different sections. These sections are positioned automatically one
after the other. Additionally, any shaft section can be inserted, deleted, or edited.
250
Chapter 13
Creating Shafts
In this section, you use the shaft generator to create a shaft with standard parts.
You also perform a bearing calculation.
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position. Start with an ISO drawing template.
To open a template
1 Open a new drawing.
Menu
File New
Command
NEW
2 In the Select template dialog box, click the template am_iso.dwt, and then
click Open.
This creates a new drawing based on the am_iso template. The name of the
file is displayed at the top of the mechanical browser. Use Save As to save the
drawing file with an appropriate name.
NOTE The ISO standard part standard has to be installed for this tutorial
exercise.
Creating Shafts
251
Assist Options
Command
OPTIONS or AMOPTIONS
2 Scroll the tab row to the right, and then select the AM:Structure tab.
3 Ensure the Enable Structure check box is checked.
Command
AMPOWERSNAP
2 In the Power Snap Settings dialog box, activate the tab Setting 4 and specify:
Snap Modes: Endpoint, Midpoint, Intersection
Choose OK
Save your file.
252
Chapter 13
Command
AMSHAFT2D
NOTE The start and endpoints of the centerline are only important in determining the direction. The length of the centerline is automatically adapted to the
length of the shaft.
3 In the Shaft Generator dialog box, click Options.
Creating Shafts
253
Choose OK.
You return to the Shaft Generator dialog box.
254
Chapter 13
NOTE Here, the DIN standard requires that you indicate the module. The
ANSI standard requires the Diametral Pitch 1/module. You can switch between
these two representations using the DIN and ANSI options.
3 Close the Shaft Generator dialog box.
In the mechanical structure browser, the shaft is added as a component. Add
an assembly to structure the shaft components you create in this exercise.
Creating Shafts
255
Command
AMSCREATE
1 In the mechanical browser, right click the file name node (the root node) and
choose New Component.
2 Respond to the prompts:
Enter new component name <COMP1>: Enter shaftassembly, press ENTER
Enter new view name <Top>: Enter front, press ENTER
Select objects for new component view: Select the shaft with a window
Select objects for new component view: Press ENTER
Specify base point: Specify a point at the upper left of the shaft
The shaft assembly is listed at the top of the browser, and the existing shaft
components are listed within the assembly. As you add more components to
the shaft, they are automatically structured in the assembly.
256
Chapter 13
4 Choose the gear button, and then enter the values for module, number of
teeth, and length as shown in the following figure:
5 Choose the lower cylinder button to define another cylinder section, and
then respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify length <10>: Enter 4, press ENTER
Specify diameter <20>: Enter 24, press ENTER
6 Choose the lower cylinder button to define another cylinder section, and
then respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify length <4>: Enter 33, press ENTER
Specify diameter <24>: Enter 20, press ENTER
The first five sections of the shaft are created, as represented in the following
figure:
Creating Shafts
257
Choose OK.
You created another section of the shaft, as shown in the following figure:
258
Chapter 13
2 Choose the Fillet button to apply a fillet to a shaft section, and then respond
to the prompts as follows:
Select object:
Select the cylinder section between the two gears near the second gear (1)
Enter radius (max. 5.00) <2.50>: Enter 2, press ENTER
NOTE The fillet is applied to the edge of the selected section that is closer to
the selected point.
Creating Shafts
259
NOTE You can insert the break to the left if you enter a negative value.
260
Chapter 13
Press ENTER
Creating Shafts
261
In the mechanical browser, the new right side view is listed within the shaft
component along with the existing front view. The right side view includes
its hide situations.
262
Chapter 13
Creating Shafts
263
2 Choose the Insert button, and then respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify point:
3 Choose the Slope button, and then respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify length or [Dialog] <20>: Enter 4, press ENTER
Specify diameter at starting point <24>: Enter 28, press ENTER
Specify diameter at endpoint or [Slope/Angle] <20>: Enter 22, press ENTER
264
Chapter 13
Choose OK.
Creating Shafts
265
3 Choose the Slope button, and then respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify length or [Dialog] <4>: Enter D, press ENTER
4 In the Shaft Generator - Cone dialog box, specify the following settings.
Choose OK.
The slope replaces the cylindrical shaft section.
Inserting Bearings
Insert a bearing and perform a bearing calculation.
266
Chapter 13
To insert a bearing
1 Choose the Standard Parts button, and then select Roller Bearings Radial
ISO 355. Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point on shaft contour: Specify the insertion point (1)
Direction to [Left]: Select a point to the right (2)
Creating Shafts
267
3 Specify the loads, and activate Work Hours as shown in the following.
Choose Next.
4 In the ISO 355 dialog box, select the bearing 2BD - 20 x 37 x 12, and then
choose Finish.
You can drag the cursor to see all available bearing sizes.
5 Drag to the size 2BD - 20 x 37 x 12, and then press ENTER.
6 In the Create Hide Situation dialog box, click OK.
268
Chapter 13
Creating Shafts
269
270
Calculating Shafts
14
In This Chapter
results
Calculating the strength
271
Key Terms
Term
Definition
deflection line
bending moment
The moment of all forces that act on the member to the left of a section (a point
along the member where bending moment needs to be calculated) taken about
the horizontal axis of the section.
fatigue factor
fixed support
gear
load
movable support
notch
point force
strength
A summary term for all forces and moments, thus loads and stress, which act on a
part.
stress
yield point
Safety to the stress beyond which the material exhibits permanent deformation.
272
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
Calculating Shafts
With AutoCAD Mechanical, you can perform a shaft calculation using a contour created with the Shaft Generator, or any other symmetric shaft contour.
The function provides a static calculation, which is important for the design
of the shaft and the bearing load.
NOTE The ISO standard parts have to be installed for this tutorial exercise. For
this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released position.
In this tutorial, you calculate a gearbox shaft. The general way to calculate an
existing shaft is to define the contour and insert forces and supports. The
routine calculates all necessary values and draws the respective graphs for
moment and deflection.
Mechanical structure does not impact this engineering structure routine. You
can calculate shafts with mechanical structure enabled or disabled.
Load the initial drawing.
To open a file
1 Open the file tut_shafts in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Command
ZOOM
Calculating Shafts
273
Command
AMSHAFTCALC
274
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
Press ENTER
NOTE The calculation routine recognizes hollow shafts and uses the contour
for the calculation.
After you create the shaft contour, the Shaft Calculation dialog box is displayed so that you can select the boundary conditions, the material, and the
representation of the calculation results.
Specifying Material
You specify the material by selecting it from a table containing the most
commonly used materials. You can also to enter the characteristics for other
materials using the option Edit.
Calculating Shafts
275
To specify a material
1 In Material, choose Edit.
The Material Properties dialog box is displayed.
2 In the Material Properties dialog box, choose Table, and then select the ANSI
Material standard.
3 In the Material dialog box, select the material Steel SAE 1045 from the table.
Choose OK.
NOTE If the ANSI standard is not installed on your system, you can select a
different standard, but the results may differ from the results in this tutorial. For
example, if you select DIN, you can select a similar material, like E335, to achieve
similar results.
NOTE Some material properties are not complete. In this case, you have to
complete them to obtain calculation results.
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Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
4 In the Material Properties dialog box, complete the ANSI material properties,
if necessary.
Choose OK.
The shaft supports are specified, and the result looks like this:
Calculating Shafts
277
Choose OK.
NOTE The Components tab displays the force components. Changes in one
tab are automatically reflected in the other tab.
278
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
4 Choose the Point Load icon, and then respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point: Select the midpoint of the profile section
Specify rotation angle: Press ENTER
5 In the Point Load dialog box, Resultant tab, specify:
Point Load:
2500
Choose OK.
6 Choose the Torque icon, and then respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify insertion point:
Choose OK.
Calculating Shafts
279
The loads are specified, and the result looks like this:
280
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
Calculating Shafts
281
282
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
The result block provides the most important information about your
calculated shaft, such as the maximum stress deflection and moment values.
Calculating Shafts
283
Command
AMSHAFTCALC
NOTE This notch was selected because the calculation established that the
highest bending stress is close to this place.
284
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
Choose OK.
4 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify next point <Symbol>:
Specify next point <Symbol>:
Calculating Shafts
285
The safety factors are greater than 1.0, so the shaft does not need to be
redesigned at this notch.
5 Close the Shaft Calculation dialog box.
This is the end of this tutorial chapter.
Save your file.
286
Chapter 14
Calculating Shafts
Calculating Moments
of Inertia and
Deflection Lines
In This Chapter
15
inertia
AutoCAD Mechanical. This tutorial illustrates how you
287
Key Terms
Term
Definition
bending moment
The moment of all forces that act on the member to the left of a section (a point
along the member where bending moment needs to be calculated) taken about
the horizontal axis of the section.
deflection line
distributed load
fixed support
load
moment of inertia
An important property of areas and solid bodies. Standard formulas are derived
by multiplying elementary particles of area and mass by the squares of their
distances from reference axes. Moments of inertia, therefore, depend on the
location of reference axes.
movable support
A support that prevents rotation in all axes, but allows translation along one axis.
point force
288
Chapter 15
NOTE Before you perform this exercise, verify that the ISO standard part
standard is installed. For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the
released position.
Load the initial drawing.
289
To open a file
1 Open the file tut_calc in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Save your file under a different name or directory to preserve the original
tutorial file.
290
Chapter 15
Command
AMINERTIA
291
NOTE The main axes, 1 and 2, are the axes with the most and least deflection.
The F arrow displays the direction of the force, the s arrow displays the resultant
deflection. The moment of inertia block shows the moments related to the main
axis, the maximum distances from the edges, and the calculated area. For more
detailed information, see Help.
A side view of the profile has been created for the deflection line.
5 Zoom to the extents of the drawing.
Menu
Command
ZOOM
292
Chapter 15
Command
AMDEFLINE
4 In the Select Standard for Material dialog box, select ANSI Material.
293
5 In the Material Type dialog box, select ANSI standard and the material Al.
Bronze Cast.
NOTE If you have not installed ANSI standard, selecting a different standard
according to your preference is also possible, but the results will differ from the
results in this tutorial exercise. For example, if you select DIN, you can select a
similar material, like AlMgSi0.5F22, to achieve similar results.
Click OK.
Define the supports and the loads.
6 Choose the Fixed Support icon, and then respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify insertion point:
294
Chapter 15
7 Choose the Movable Support icon, and then respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify insertion point: Select the right edge of the beam (2)
8 Choose the Uniform Load icon, and then respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point: Select the left edge of the beam (3)
Specify endpoint: Select the midpoint of the beam using midpoint snap (4)
Line Load [N/mm]<50>: Enter 10, press ENTER
9 Choose the Moment icon, and then respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point: Select a point in the center of the uniform load (5)
Bending moment (Nm)<10>: Enter 3, press ENTER
295
11 In the Select Graph dialog box, select the options as shown in the following
figure, and then choose OK.
296
Chapter 15
The calculation result block displays all important data on your calculation:
297
298
Calculating Chains
In This Chapter
16
a drawing.
Inserting a Chain
299
Key Terms
Term
Definition
partition
pitch diameter
The diameter of the pitch circle that passes through the centers of the link pins as
the chain is wrapped on the sprocket.
roller chain
A roller chain is made up of two kinds of links: roller links and pin links alternately
and evenly spaced throughout the length of the chain.
sprocket
A toothed wheel that transfers the power from the chain to the shaft or the other
way round.
300
Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
Chain Calculation
NOTE Before you begin this tutorial exercise, be sure the ISO standard
parts are installed on your screen, and work with the DYN status bar button in
the released position.
Load the tutorial drawing.
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_chain.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Save your file under a different name to preserve the original tutorial file.
2 Use a window to Zoom in to the chain housing.
Menu
Command
ZOOM
Chain Calculation
301
Command
AMCHAINLENGTHCAL
2 In the Belt and Chain Length Calculation dialog box, choose Library.
302
Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
Choose OK.
5 In the Belt and Chain Length Calculation dialog box, choose OK, and then
respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify 1st point for tangent or [Undo] <exit>: Select circle a (1)
Specify 2nd point for tangent: Select circle c (2)
Specify 1st point for tangent or [Undo] <exit>: Select circle c (3)
Specify 2nd point for tangent: Select circle b (4)
Specify 1st point for tangent or [Undo] <exit>: Select circle b (5)
Specify 2nd point for tangent: Select circle a (6)
Specify 1st point for tangent or [Undo] <exit>: Press ENTER
Chain Calculation
303
The tangent definition is finished, and the length of the chain is calculated.
Because the length is divided into whole numbers of links, one sprocket has
to be moved to achieve such a length.
6 Continue responding to the prompts as follows:
Select pulleys or sprockets to be moved. Select objects: Select circle b
Select objects: Press ENTER
Specify base point of displacement: Select the center of circle b
Specify second point of displacement: Select the center of the cross (8)
Select pulleys or sprockets to be moved.
Select objects: Press ENTER
AutoCAD Mechanical calculated the new length, which is still not a multiple
of the chain division:
Number of links in chain: 121 Distance to next link: 6.88567 mm
Length:974.8857
NOTE You can view the results by resizing the command line or opening the
AutoCAD Text Window using F2.
The chain arrangement has to be optimized to a length that is a multiple of
the chain division.
Save your file.
304
Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
Command
AMCHAINLENGTHCAL
2 In the Belt and Chain Length Calculation dialog box, select Auto
Optimization and Move, and then specify:
Required Number of Links: 122
Choose OK.
3 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Select pulleys or sprockets to be moved.
Select objects: Select the relocated circle b
Select objects: Press ENTER
Specify direction angle to move: Enter 90, press ENTER
Sprocket b is moved until a chain length of 122 links is achieved.
4 In the Belt and Chain Length Calculation dialog box, choose OK.
Close the dialog box by clicking Cancel.
Chain Calculation
305
Inserting Sprockets
Insert the sprockets.
To insert a sprocket
1 Start the Draw Sprocket/Pulley command.
Menu
Command
AMSPROCKET
2 In the Select Pulley and Sprocket dialog box, Buttons tab, click Sprockets
Front view.
Respond to the prompts:
Specify insertion point: Select the center of circle a
Specify rotation angle < 0 >: Enter 360, press ENTER
3 In the Sprockets - Size Selection dialog box, select ISO 606 05B-1, and then
click Next.
306
Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
21
Click Finish.
The sprocket is inserted into the drawing, and the Create Hide Situation is
displayed.
5 In the Create Hide Situation dialog box, click OK.
A hide situation is created, and is listed at the top of the tree in the
mechanical browser.
Chain Calculation
307
Command
AMSPROCKET
2 In the Select Pulley and Sprocket dialog box, Buttons tab, click Sprockets
Front view.
Respond to the prompts:
Specify insertion point: Select the center of circle b
Specify rotation angle < 0 >: Enter 360, press ENTER
3 In the Sprockets - Size Selection dialog box, select ISO 606 05B-1, and then
click Next.
4 In the Sprockets - Geometry dialog box, specify:
Geometry of Sprocket:
Number of teeth: 13
Number of Visible Teeth:
Shaft Diameter: 10
13
Click Finish.
5 In the Create Hide Situation dialog box, click OK.
A hide situation is created, and is listed in the mechanical browser.
The sprocket is inserted into the drawing.
308
Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
Command
AMSPROCKET
2 In the Select Pulley and Sprocket dialog box, Buttons tab, click Sprockets
Front view.
Respond to the prompts:
Specify insertion point: Select the center of circle c
Specify rotation angle < 0 >: Enter 360, press ENTER
3 In the Sprockets - Size Selection dialog box, select ISO 606 05B-1, and then
click Next.
4 In the Sprockets - Geometry dialog box, specify:
Geometry of Sprocket:
Number of teeth: 51
Number of Visible Teeth:
Shaft Diameter: 10
Choose Finish.
5 In the Create Hide Situation dialog box, click OK.
A hide situation is created, and is listed in the mechanical browser.
Chain Calculation
309
Inserting Chains
Finally, insert a chain.
To insert a chain
1 Start the Draw Chain/Belt Links command.
Menu
Command
AMCHAINDRAW
2 In the Select Belt and Chain dialog box, Buttons tab, choose Chains.
Respond to the prompts:
Select polyline: Select the polyline near point 9
Select starting point on polyline: Select a point on the polyline
3 In the Select a Chain dialog box, select ISO 606 Metric.
4 In the Chains - Size Selection dialog box, select ISO 606 05B - 1, and then
choose Next.
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Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
Click Finish.
6 Respond to the prompts:
Specify direction of Links [Flip/Accept] <Accept>: Press ENTER
Specify orientation of Links [Flip/Accept] <Accept>: Enter F, press ENTER
Specify orientation of Links [Flip/Accept] <Accept>: Press ENTER
7 In the Create Hide Situation dialog box, click OK.
The chain is inserted into the drawing, and a hide situation is created.
Your drawing looks like this:
Chain Calculation
311
The mechanical browser reflects the standard components you created in the
drawing.
312
Chapter 16
Calculating Chains
Calculating Springs
In This Chapter
17
drawing. You copy and edit the spring using the Power
Copy and Power Edit commands in AutoCAD
spring
Inserting the spring
Copying the spring with Power
Mechanical.
Copy
Editing the spring with Power
Edit
313
Key Terms
Term
Definition
A washer-type spring that can sustain relatively large loads with small deflections.
The loads and deflections can be increased by stacking the springs.
compression spring
A spring type that can be compressed and can absorb pressure forces.
dynamic dragging
The act of determining the size of a standard part with the cursor while inserting
the part into a side view. The standard part is displayed dynamically on the screen
and can be dragged to the next possible size and length. The values (sizes) are
taken from the Standard parts database.
extension spring
Power Copy
Power Edit
torsion spring
314
Chapter 17
Calculating Springs
Calculating Springs
With the AutoCAD Mechanical spring function, you can insert compression,
extension, and torsion springs, as well as Belleville spring washers. The calculation is carried out in accordance with DIN 2098 or ANSI. The standard sizes of
the springs can be selected from various standard catalogs.
NOTE The ISO standard parts have to be installed for this tutorial exercise. For
this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released position.
In this tutorial, you create a compression spring in two different compression
situations. You calculate and insert the springs in the existing drawing.
Perform this tutorial with mechanical structure disabled.
To disable mechanical structure
Menu
Assist Options
Command
OPTIONS or AMOPTIONS
1 Scroll the tab row to the right, and then select the AM:Structure tab.
2 Ensure the Enable Structure check box is cleared.
Mechanical structure is disabled until you enable it again.
Open the initial drawing.
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_spring.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
Command
ZOOM
Calculating Springs
315
The drawing shows two views (A and B) of the lever and spring housing, to
reflect two different states of compression.
Save your file under a different name or to a different directory to preserve
the original tutorial file.
316
Chapter 17
Calculating Springs
To specify a spring
1 Start the Compression Spring command.
Menu
Command
AMCOMP2D
Calculating Springs
317
A row for specifying the outer diameter Da is added to the restrictions table.
2 Click the value field for the diameter Da. You can pick a point on the inner
spring housing to specify the diameter, or enter a value. In this instance,
enter the value 15.
Define the initial spring length.
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Chapter 17
Calculating Springs
3 In the Compression Springs - Select from Tables SPEC Catalog A [mm] dialog
box, click the value field for the length L1, and then choose the pick icon.
Use view B of the lever and spring housing to define the compressed spring
length.
Calculating Springs
319
5 In the Compression Springs dialog box, click the value field for the length L2,
and then choose the pick icon.
The geometric boundary conditions are defined, and you can proceed with
the calculation.
320
Chapter 17
Calculating Springs
Calculating Springs
321
3 In the Compression Springs - Select from Tables SPEC Catalog A [mm] dialog
box, choose Next.
The possible springs are calculated and the results are displayed in the
Compression Springs - Select from Tables SPEC Catalog A [mm] dialog box.
4 Choose Select All to select all possible springs for the dynamic dragging process.
Choose Finish.
322
Chapter 17
Calculating Springs
Inserting Springs
Drag the cursor dynamically to switch between the selected possible springs.
The outline of the spring is displayed in the drawing and the spring description is displayed in the tooltip.
To insert a spring
1 Drag the cursor until the tooltip reads SPEC - 1.6 x 14.1 x 36, and then click.
2 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Topical Length (14.28 - 36) [Force/Deflection] <32.01>:
Select a point on the spring pressure plate (1)
Calculating Springs
323
Command
AMPOWERVIEW
324
Chapter 17
Calculating Springs
Calculating Springs
325
326
Calculating Screw
Connections
In This Chapter
18
AutoCAD Mechanical.
Specifying washers
Specifying plate geometry and
properties
Specifying the contact area
Specifying loads and moments
Specifying settlement
Specifying tightening
Creating and inserting result
blocks
327
Key Terms
Term
Definition
axial force
contact area
The touching surfaces of the plates, which are effective for the calculation.
safety factor
The safety factor is the ratio of effective load and safe load.
shear force
stress
328
Chapter 18
Stand-alone calculation: All data and properties are specified by the user.
Calculation of an existing screw connection: The user selects an existing
screw connection to be calculated. All geometric and standard-related
data is taken from the screw connection and cannot be edited.
In this exercise, you use the stand-alone Screw Calculation. With the standalone
calculation, you can calculate a screw connection without any prerequisites.
You can specify the screw connection in detail (material, geometry, load, settlement and tightening properties). In this exercise, you are provided with the
drawing of a screw calculation. Some values are selected from tables, some are
entered manually, and some are taken directly from the drawing.
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
Open the initial drawing.
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_screw in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
329
Command
AMSCREWCALC
330
Chapter 18
To specify a screw
1 On the Screw: Geometry tab, choose Table of Screws.
2 In the Select a Screw dialog box, choose Hex Head Types, and then choose
ISO 4017 (Regular Thread).
3 In the Select a Row dialog box, choose the standard M12x45.
Choose OK.
The geometric values of the standard screw ISO 4017 M12x45 are entered.
Specify the property class.
331
DIN 10.9
332
Chapter 18
2 In the Select a Nut dialog box, choose Hex Nuts and ISO 4032 (Regular
Thread).
You do not need to specify a size, because the size is determined by the screw
size.
Specify the washers.
3 Choose Next or the Definition of WASHERS icon in the top row to proceed.
333
2 Choose the Washer under: Nut 1 tab, and then choose Table of Washers.
3 In the Select a Washer dialog box, choose ISO 7091.
Specify the plates.
4 Choose Next or the Definition of PLATES icon in the top row to proceed.
334
Chapter 18
335
5 On the Gaps and Chamfers tab, choose the pick button of the value gr.
6 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify first point: Select the point (1)
Second point: Select the point (2) as shown in the following figure
7 Choose Next or the Definition of CONTACT AREA icon in the top row to
proceed.
336
Chapter 18
22.5
337
5 For the outer radius ro, choose the pick button next to the entry field and
respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify first point: Select the point (1)
Second point: Select the point (2)
6 For the inner radius ri, choose the pick button next to the entry field and
respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify first point: Select the point (1)
Second point: Select the point (3)
2
X
3
X
1
X
338
Chapter 18
339
NOTE The torsion moment of 185 Nm results from the total torsion moment
of 2405 Nm as given in the terms of reference divided by the 13 bolts.
340
Chapter 18
341
0.12
342
Chapter 18
343
344
Chapter 18
Calculating Stress
Using FEA
19
In This Chapter
the lever.
345
Key Terms
Term
Definition
distributed load
FEA
fixed support
load
movable support
A support that prevents rotation in all axes, but allows translation along one axis.
Power Edit
stress
346
Chapter 19
2D FEA
To determine the stability and durability of a given structure under various
loading situations, you need to observe the stress and deformation in the
components while they are being loaded. A structure is considered to be
durable if the maximum stress is less than what the material permits.
There are various computational methods for calculating deformation and
stress conditions. One of these methods is called the Finite Element Analysis.
The knowledge gained from this stress rating may lead to changing the
structure in certain areas, which in turn necessitates changes to the design.
The FEA routine uses its own layer group for input and output.
Note that FEA is not designed for solving all special FEA tasks. Its purpose is
to provide you with a quick idea of the stress and deformation distributions.
NOTE The ISO standard parts have to be installed for this tutorial exercise.For
this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released position.
For this exercise, work with mechanical structure disabled.
To open a drawing
1 Open the file tut_fea.dwg in the acadm\tutorial folder.
Menu
File Open
Command
OPEN
The drawing contains a lever, which is the basis for your calculations.
2 Zoom in to the lever.
Menu
Command
ZOOM
2D FEA
347
Command
REGENALL
348
Chapter 19
Command
AMFEA2D
2D FEA
349
2 Choose the movable line support button, and respond to the prompts as
follows:
Specify insertion point <Enter=Dialogbox>:
Hold down the SHIFT key, right-click and choose Quadrant, specify point (3)
Specify endpoint: Press ENTER to define the starting point as the endpoint
350
Chapter 19
3 Choose the line force button, and respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point <Enter=Dialogbox>: Specify point (5)
Specify endpoint: Specify point (4)
Specify side from endpoint: Specify a point to the right of the specified points
Enter a new value <1000 N/mm>: Enter 500, press ENTER
4 Choose the line force button again, and respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify insertion point <Enter=Dialogbox>: Specify point (6)
Specify endpoint: Specify point (7)
Specify side from endpoint: Specify a point to the right of the specified points
Enter a new value <1000 N/mm>: Enter 500, press ENTER
2D FEA
351
Calculating Results
Before you calculate the results, generate a mesh.
NOTE If you calculate results without creating a mesh in advance, the mesh
will be created automatically.
To calculate the results
1 In the Mesh section, choose the mesh button, and then press ENTER to return
to the dialog box.
2 In the Results section, choose the isolines (isoareas) button.
3 In the FEA 2D Isolines (Isoareas) dialog box, select the Graphic
Representation button on the right.
Choose OK.
4 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify base point <Return = in boundary>:
Press ENTER to place the isoareas in the boundary
Insertion point: Select a point to place the table to the left of the part
<Return>: Press ENTER to return to the dialog box
352
Chapter 19
After calculation, the support forces are displayed near the support symbol.
2D FEA
353
Choose OK
4 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Specify base point <Return = in boundary>: Press ENTER
Insertion point: To the left of the part, select a location for the table
<Return>: Press ENTER to return to the dialog box
354
Chapter 19
Refining Designs
The results show a critical area around point 8 that can be improved by
applying a larger radius. Before changing the geometry, the results and
solutions have to be deleted.
To edit the geometry
1 Choose the Delete Solution button.
2 In the AutoCAD Question dialog box, choose Yes to delete the solutions and
results.
3 In the AutoCAD Question dialog box, choose No to keep the loads and
supports.
4 Start Power Edit to change the radius, and respond to the prompt as follows:
Menu
Command
AMPOWEREDIT
2D FEA
355
Choose OK.
6 Respond to the prompt:
Select objects:
Command
ZOOM
Recalculating Stress
Before recalculating the stress division of the lever, calculate and display the
deformation.
To calculate the stress
1 Restart the FEA routine.
Menu
Command
AMFEA2D
356
Chapter 19
4 Choose Table, and select the material from your preferred standard table.
Select Al. Alloys Diecast if you prefer to use ANSI materials.
5 Choose the deformation button in the Results field.
6 In the FEA 2D - Displacements dialog box, choose OK.
2D FEA
357
Choose OK.
3
358
Chapter 19
NOTE You can return to the FEA 2D - Calculation using Power Edit.
This is the end of this tutorial chapter.
Save your file.
2D FEA
359
360
Designing and
Calculating Cams
In This Chapter
20
calculation
calculation functionality in AutoCAD Mechanical to
create a cam, perform calculations, and generate data
for NC production.
the results
361
Key Terms
Term
Definition
acceleration
cam
Types of gears for obtaining unusual and irregular motions that would be difficult
to produce otherwise.
curve path
motion diagram
Diagram illustrating the lift or rotation of the follower for each degree of rotation
or translation of the cam plate.
motion section
Part of the motion diagram. Some sections are defined by design. For example,
the maximum lift of 15 mm is reached at an angle of 90.
NC
resolution
Controls the precision of curves. A low value increases computing time. Use a
higher value for initial design.
step width
Graph of the speed of the straight driven element, or the rotation angle of a
rocker and the cam plate angle of rotation.
362
Chapter 20
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
Start with an ISO drawing template.
To open a template
1 Open a new drawing.
Menu
File New
Command
NEW
2 The Select template dialog box opens. Select the template am_iso.dwt and
click Open. This creates a new drawing based on the am_iso template. The
name of the file is displayed at the top of the mechanical browser. Use
Save As to save the drawing file with an appropriate name.
363
Content Cams
Command
AMCAM
NOTE You can also step through the dialog using the Next button.
364
Chapter 20
5 In the Type of Follower dialog box, choose the Swinging button. You are
returned to the CAM Design and Calculation dialog box.
365
366
Chapter 20
367
In the Select Method to Add New Segment dialog box, you can either insert
or append a new motion section.
2 Choose Append.
368
Chapter 20
3 In the Motion - New mode dialog box, specify the following settings.
Position [deg] <from - to> 0 -: 90
Elevation [deg] 0 -: 0
Choose OK.
The motion is inserted into the drawing and you are reverted back to the
Cam Design and Calculation dialog.
Define the next motions to describe the cam.
1 In the Cam Design and Calculation dialog box, Motion tab, choose New.
2 In the Select Method to Add New Segment dialog box, choose Append.
369
3 In the Motion - New mode dialog box, specify the following settings.
Position [deg] <from - to> 90 -: 150
Elevation [deg] 0 -: 5
6 In the Motion - New mode dialog box, specify the following settings.
Curve: 5th polynomial
Velocity [rad/s] 0 -: 2
370
Chapter 20
Choose OK.
The next motion section has to be Constant Velocity, since the motion
section before is Dwell - Constant Velocity.
1 In the Cam Design and Calculation dialog box, Motion tab, choose New.
2 In the Select Method to Add New Segment dialog box, choose Append.
3 In the Motion - New mode dialog, specify the following settings.
Position [deg] <from - to> 150 -: 180
Elevation [deg] 5 -: 8
371
The routine recalculates the elevation and inserts the correct value 10.73.
Choose OK.
Define the next motion section.
1 In the Cam Design and Calculation dialog box, Motion tab, choose New.
2 In the Select Method to Add New Segment dialog box, choose Append.
3 In the Motion - New mode dialog box, specify the following settings.
Position [deg] <from - to> 180 -: 220
Elevation [deg] 10.73 -: 16
4 Click the Context of Follower movement button, and then choose Constant
Velocity - Reverse (fourth button from left).
5 In the Motion - New mode dialog box, specify the following settings.
Acceleration [rad/s^2] 0 -: -60
Choose OK.
Define the last motion section to complete the 360 degrees.
1 In the Cam Design and Calculation dialog box, Motion tab, choose New.
2 In the Select Method to Add New Section dialog box, choose Append.
372
Chapter 20
Harmonic Combination
Choose OK.
The definition of the motion section is complete, and all motion sections are
displayed in the list.
373
374
Chapter 20
4 On the Material tab, you can specify the material for cam and roller. In this
case, use the default material.
5 On the Arm tab, specify:
Dimensions of Arm [mm] d =: 8
NOTE You can choose other types of cross sections for the arms.
375
376
Geometry
Pressure
Frequency
Shaft
Arm
Displays the stress on the arm. You can display the arm
stress at any point of the cam by choosing Simulation and
dragging the mouse pointer over the cam.
Bearing
Spring
3D Cam
Chapter 20
The Calculation button gives you the results of your design. To optimize your
design, you can choose to generate the correct size of the cam based on the
pressure angle and the radius of curvature.
To generate a cam design based on pressure angle and radius of curvature
1 Click the Calculation button.
To optimize the size of the cam, the pressure angle from your design must be
less than or equal to a certain value (automatically calculated and displayed
at the bottom of the cam Design and Calculation dialog box) while the radius
of curvature must be greater than or equal to a certain value (automatically
calculated and displayed at the bottom of the cam Design and Calculation
dialog box).
2 Click the Results button.
3 In the Geometry tab, click the Center of Cam button.
Two hatched open triangles are displayed on the screen.
4 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or [Change center of cam]: Enter C, press ENTER
Specify center of cam <100,100>: Press ENTER
5 Snap to the apex of the triangle that produces a maximal pressure angle less
than or equal to the recommended value and a minimal radius of curvature
greater than or equal to the recommended value.
377
378
379
380
Using Autodesk
Inventor Link Support
In This Chapter
21
Assemblies
Creating part lists and balloons
Creating breakout section views
Updating modifications
381
Key Terms
Term
Definition
parametric dimensions
power dimensioning
A command useful for generating linear, radial, and diameter dimensions, which
minimizes the number of individual actions while generating a dimension. Power
dimensioning automatically selects the type of linear dimension (horizontal,
vertical, or aligned), based on the selected point.
reference dimensions
A type of dimension that indicates the size and position of geometry. Reference
dimensions do not control the geometry size or position, but follow them instead.
The type of dimensions created with power dimensioning commands are
reference dimensions.
template
A file with predefined settings to use for new drawings. However, any drawing
can be used as a template.
title block
A title block contains a series of attributes. Some already have values. The
preassigned values can be modified, and the vacant attributes can be completed
with new values.
viewport
view scale
The scale of the base drawing relative to the model scale. Also, the scale of
dependent views relative to the base view.
382
Chapter 21
NOTE For this chapter, work with the DYN status bar button in the released
position.
To link an Autodesk Inventor part file
1 Create a link to the file Holder Bracket.ipt in the acadm\tutorial\
Tut_Bracket\Bracket Components folder.
Menu
2 In the Select template dialog box, click the template am_ansi.dwt, then click
Open.
3 In the Link Autodesk Inventor File dialog box, click Holder Bracket.ipt, then
click Open.
383
Menu
Command
AMBROWSER
384
Chapter 21
Command
AMTITLE
4 Choose OK.
385
5 In the Page Setup Manager dialog box, select Layout1, then click Modify.
6 In the Page Setup - Layout1 dialog box, specify the following value:
Paper size: ANSI C (22.00 x 17.00 Inches)
386
Chapter 21
387
12 Choose OK.
13 In the Save Title Block Filename dialog box, verify the following settings:
File Name: InventorPart.dwg
File of Type: Drawing (*.dwg)
14 Choose Save.
388
Chapter 21
Assist Options
Command
OPTIONS or AMOPTIONS
4 Choose OK.
389
Browser
Command
AMDWGVIEW
3 Choose OK.
390
Chapter 21
391
The base view is placed in the lower-left corner of the drawing. Parametric
dimensions extracted from the Inventor Part file are displayed.
Browser
Context Menu
Command
AMDWGVIEW
392
Chapter 21
3 Choose OK.
4 Respond to the prompts as follows:
Select parent view: Select the base view
Specify location for orthogonal view:
Drag to a location above the base view, click to select location
Specify location for orthogonal view: Press ENTER
393
The view is placed in the upper-left corner of the drawing. Parametric dimensions read from the Autodesk Inventor part are displayed
Dimensioning
You will notice that some of the dimensions need rearranging, while a few
may be redundant. You may also need to create dimensions for some entities.
Dimensions you add yourself are called reference dimensions. If the part is
modified in Autodesk Inventor, these dimensions will automatically display
the correct part size.
394
Chapter 21
NOTE The dimension you deleted may original have been entered as a sketch
dimension and extruded later. Hence the redundancy of dimensions.
To move dimensions
1 Click the diameter dimension of 0.8800.
395
3 You may want to rearrange all the dimensions to tidy up the drawing view.
396
Chapter 21
Command
AMNOTE
NOTE The note text is automatically generated with details extracted from the
part file.
397
Command
AMPOWERDIM
1
3
398
Chapter 21
Command
AMPOWERDIM
399
Browser
Command
AMVIEWOUT
2 In the Export Drawing Views dialog box, from the Source drop-down list,
select Select Views/Entities, then click Select.
400
Chapter 21
2 In the Select template dialog box, click the template am_ansi.dwt, then click
Open.
The Link Autodesk Inventor File dialog box is displayed.
3 In files Files of style list, select *.iam.
4 Locate and click Bracket.iam, then click Open.
To shade and rotate the assembly
1 Click the Toggle Shading /Wireframe button to shade the part.
Use the 3D orbit tool to rotate the part.
2 Select the 3D Orbit tool from the Mechanical View toolbar.
3 Place the cursor in the desired location inside or on the Arcball.
4 Click and hold the left mouse button, then rotate the part to a position that
resembles the following illustration.
401
Accessing iProperties
When the assembly file is linked, AutoCAD Mechanical is able to access
iProperties via its Bill of Materials (BOM).
To access iProperties
1 Start the BOM command.
Menu
Command
AMBOM
402
Chapter 21
403
5 Click the >> button (bottom right) to expand the dialog box. The dialog box
expands and the iProperties that are accessible are shown in a list.
404
Menu
Command
AMTITLE
Chapter 21
4 Click OK.
5 In the Page Setup Manager dialog box, select Layout1, then click Modify.
6 In the Page Setup - Layout1 dialog box, specify the following value:
Paper size: ANSI C (22.00 x 17.00 Inches)
7 Choose OK to exit the Page Setup Manager.
8 Click Close.
9 Respond to the prompt as follows:
Specify insertion point:
405
Browser
Command
AMDWGVIEW
406
Chapter 21
Command
AMPARTLIST
407
To create balloons
1 Start the Balloon command.
Menu
Command
AMBALLOON
Enter A
408
Chapter 21
Command
AMTITLE
Drawing Multiple
Browser
Command
AMDWGVIEW
3 Choose OK.
409
410
Chapter 21
Design Polyline
Command
PLINE
411
Browser
Context Menu
Command
AMDWGVIEW
412
Chapter 21
Browser
Context Menu
Command
AMDWGVIEW
413
NOTE The details shown in the view that is generated depend on where you
place the view. When you drag to the left, the isometric view that is generated,
reveals a hole and a screw, that would not be visible if you placed the view
elsewhere.
The isometric view is created.
414
Chapter 21
Browser
Context Menu
Command
AMMOVEVIEW
415
Command
AMEDITPSCUTLINE
416
Browser
Command
AMEDITPSCUTLINE
Chapter 21
Removing Views
You are allowed to remove views, even though that view may have been used
to derive other views.
To delete the base view:
1 Right-click the base view icon in the browser and select Delete. The Delete
dependant views dialog box is displayed.
2 Click No. The base view is deleted.
3 Save the file and close AutoCAD Mechanical.
417
Command
AMIVUPDATE
418
Chapter 21
Toolbar Icons
Appendix
419
420
Help
Inquiry
UCS
Redraw All
Power Edit
Power Erase
Power Copy
Power Dimensioning
Power Snap
Redo
Undo
Layer Functions
Basic Layer
Save
Open
New
Main Toolbar
Main Toolbar
421
422
Main Toolbar
423
424
|
Part List/Balloons
Parts List
Part Reference
Balloon
BOM Database
Append Leader
Leader Note
Simple Weld
Welding Symbol
Feature Identifier
Datum Target
Datum Identifier
Surface Texture
Annotation Toolbar
Symbols
Leader Note
BOM Database
Arc Toolbar
Arc 3 Points
Arc Start Center End
Arc Start Center Angle
Arc Start End Angle
Arc Start End Radius
Arc Center Start End
Arc Center Start Angle
Assistance Toolbar
Block Create
Xref/Insert Block
Title Block
Text
Paper/Model Space
WBlock
Create Block
Arc Toolbar
425
External Reference
Attach
Explode
Library
Insert Block
Drawing Title/Borders
426
Scale Monitor
Viewport/Scale Area
Construction Toolbar
Horizontal
Vertical
Cross
Z Direction
2 Points or Angle
Relative Angle from Line
Parallel with Full Distance
Parallel with Half Distance
Perpendicular to 2 Points
Perpendicular to Line
Bisect
Tangent
2 Circle Tangent
Concentric Circle
Create Circle to end of Shaft
Circle Tangent to Line
Circle Tangent to 2-Lines
Rectangle on Circle
Circle
Rays at Point
Lines at Point
Construction Toolbar
427
428
Through Slots
Thread Ends
Countersinks
Counterbores
Blind Holes
External Threads
Through Holes
Washer
Nut
Screw
Screw Template
Screw Connection
Content Toolbar
Screws
Holes
Shaft Generator
Change Representation
Standard Parts
Springs
FEA
Content - Screws
Content - Holes
Belleville Springs
Torsion Springs
Extension Springs
Compression Springs
Drill Bushings
Sealing Rings
Lubricators
Plugs
Clevis Pins
Countersunk Rivets
Plain Rivets
Split/Cotter Pins
Taper Pins
Cylindrical Pins
Steel Shapes
Parts Library
Shim Rings
Plain Bearings
Roller Bearings
Shaft Breaks
Undercuts
Centerholes
Adjusting Rings
Seals
Retaining Rings/Circlips
Parallel/Woodruff Keys
Shaft Generator
Content - Springs
Content Toolbar
429
430
|
New Structure
Edit Structure
Detail
Associative Hide
Design Toolbar
Length Calculation
Draw Sprocket/Pulley
Bearing Calculator
Deflection Line
Moment of Inertia
Shaft Calculator
Screw Calculation
FEA
Content - Calculations
Design Toolbar
431
432
433
434
|
Edit Part List/Balloon
Place Reference
Place Parts List
Part Reference Edit
Place Balloons
Centerliner
Hole Notes
Leader
Annotation
Edit Text
Multiline Text
Line Text
Break Dimension
Insert Dimension
Join Dimension
Align Dimension
Draw Toolbar
Line
Polyline
Spline
Arc
Rectangle
Polygon
Revcloud
Circle
Centerline
Hatch
Construction Line
Construction Edit
Contour Finder
Draw Toolbar
435
436
Draw Toolbar
437
438
439
Modify Toolbar
Rotate
Move
Align
Copy
2D Operations
Offset
Extend
Trim
Lengthen
Stretch
Join Entities
Break
Divide
Fillet
Chamfer
440
l8
YZ Filter
XZ Filter
Z Filter
XY Filter
Y Filter
X Filter
Layer AM_8AMLAY
Relative Point
441
Rectangle Toolbar
Rectangle
Rectangle-Full Base-Full Height
Rectangle-Base Middle-Second Corner
Rectangle-Base Middle-Full Base-Full Height
Rectangle-Base Middle-Half Base-Full Height
Rectangle-Height Middle-Second Corner
Rectangle-Height Middle-Full Base-Full Height
Rectangle-Height Middle-Full Base-Half Height
Rectangle-Center-Second Corner
Rectangle-Center-Full Base-Full Height
Rectangle-Center-Full Base-Half Height
Rectangle-Center-Half Base-Full Height
Rectangle-Center-Full Base-Full Height
Square-First Corner-Full Base
Square-Base Middle-Half Base
Square-Height Middle-Half Base
Square-Center-Half Base
Square-Base Middle-Full Base
Square-Height Middle-Full Base
Square-Center Full Base
442
Structure Toolbar
New
Structure Catalog
Create Component
Create Component View
Create Folder
Component
Component View
Folder
Edit Contents
Copy Definition
Replace Definition
Structure Toolbar
443
Text Toolbar
Multiline Text
Single Line Text
Language Converter
Text from Language Converter
Define Attribute
Style 1 (TXT)
Style 2 (Simplex)
Style 3 (Italic)
Text M=7.0
Text M=5.0
Text M=3.5
Text Right
Text Horizontal
Text Center
Scale Text
Justify Text
Convert space between spaces
Spelling
Find and Replace
444
Zoom Toolbar
Zoom Real-time
Pan Real-time
Zoom Window
Zoom Extents
Zoom Previous
Zoom Toolbar
445
446
Layer Specifications
Appendix
447
448
Description
Name
Color Linetype
Lineweight
Contour
AM_0
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
no
Contour
AM_1
14
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
no
Contour
AM_2
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
no
Hidden
AM_3
Auxiliary Line
AM_4
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.25mm/ANSI: no
0.15mm=0.006
Dimension/
Annotation
AM_5
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.25mm/ANSI: no
0.15mm=0.006
Text
AM_6
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.35mm/ANSI: no
0.3mm=0.012
Centerline
AM_7
Hatch
AM_8
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.25mm/ANSI: no
0.15mm=0.006
Behind
AM_9
253
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
Section Line
AM_10
Phantom
AM_11
Part Reference
Objects
AM_12
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
no
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
no
14
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
no
Appendix B
Layer Specifications
Base
no
no
Description
Name
Color Linetype
Lineweight
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.25mm/ANSI: no
0.15mm=0.006
Std. Parts:
Dimension
/Annotation
AM_5N
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.25mm/ANSI: no
0.15mm=0.006
AM_6N
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.35mm/ANSI: no
0.3mm=0.012
Std. Parts:
Centerline
AM_7N
AM_8N
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.25mm/ANSI: no
0.15mm=0.006
253
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
Std. Parts:
Phantom
AM_11N
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
ISO: Amconstr
ANSI: Amconstr
Part Reference
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
ISO: 0.5mm/ANSI:
0.3mm=0.012
Viewport
AM_VIEWS
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
Behind (extra)
AM_INV
253
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
Trailing Line
AM_TR
ISO: Continuous
ANSI: Continuous
AM_PAREF
Base
no
no
no
no
yes
yes
449
450
Appendix
451
Attribute Definitions
The following definitions are assigned to the attributes used in the title block:
Attribute Definitions for Title Block and Drawing Border
452
Attribute
Definition
GEN-TITLE-NR
Drawing Number
GEN-TITLE-DWG
File Name
GEN-TITLE-MAT1
Material
GEN-TITLE-MAT2
GEN-TITLE-DES1
Drawing Name
GEN-TITLE-DES2
Subtitle
GEN-TITLE-NAME
Appendix C
Quantity
GEN-TITLE-SCA
Scale Factor
GEN-TITLE-POSI
Position Number
GEN-TITLE-CHKM
Checked By
GEN-TITLE-CHKD
Check Date
GEN-TITLE-DAT
Completion Date
GEN-TITLE-SHEET
Page
GEN-TITLE-PLOT
Plot Date
Curly Brackets
The curly brackets behind the attribute display the ratio of the defined width
for the text to the text height.
Example: If you want to enter a text with the height of 5 units, and the width
of the available space is 100 units, the value {20} has to be entered. In this
case the text is fit exactly. If a text with a greater height is inserted afterwards
(for example 8), the value in the curly brackets also has to be adjusted (to
{12.5}); otherwise, the text is displayed outside the available space.
Message Files
Message files are text files that contain the attributes which are displayed in the
Change Title Block Entry dialog when you are inserting a drawing border. These
attributes change, depending on the selected drawing border and standard.
The message files can be found in the acadm/translator directory. You can
modify or extend the message files to meet your specifications.
453
454
Accelerator Keys
Appendix
455
Accelerator Keys
Many frequently used commands are accessible using automated shortcuts
known as accelerator keys. Accelerator keys are available for AutoCAD as well
as for AutoCAD Mechanical.
WARNING! Accelerator keys are loaded when you install AutoCAD Mechanical.
Accelerator keys specific to AutoCAD Mechanical are appended at the end of the
acad.pgp file. If you have created custom accelerator keys with the same letter
combinations as those in the following table, they will be superseded because the
last entry in the file is activated by the keystrokes. To restore custom accelerator
keys, move the definition to the end of the acad.pgp file.
To use an accelerator key to start a command
1 On the command line, enter the key(s) that correspond to the command you
want to use.
2 Press ENTER, the spacebar, or the right mouse button to execute the command.
Accelerator keys available in AutoCAD Mechanical
456
Key
Function
Command
bal
Place Balloon
AMBALLOON
cb
AMCENCRHOLE
cha
Chamfer
AMCHAM2D
cl
Centerline
AMCENTLINE
clin
Draw C-Lines
AMCONSTLINES
cloo
C-Lines ON/OFF
AMCLINEO
cr
Copy+Rotate+Move
AMMANIPULATE
cs
Centerline Cross
AMCENCROSS
dan
Angle Dimensioning
AMPOWERDIM_ANG
dau
Automatic Dimensioning
AMAUTODIM
dmed
Multi Edit
AMDIMMEDIT
Fillet
AMFILLET2D
Function
Command
AMUSERHATCH
hioo
AMLAYINVO
l0
Layer AM_0
AMLAYER
l1
Layer AM_1
AMLAYER
l2
Layer AM_2
AMLAYER
l3
Layer AM_3
AMLAYER
l4
Layer AM_4
AMLAYER
l5
Layer AM_5
AMLAYER
l6
Layer AM_6
AMLAYER
l7
Layer AM_7
AMLAYER
l8
Layer AM_8
AMLAYER
l10
Layer AM_10
AMLAYER
l11
Layer AM_11
AMLAYER
lib
Library
AMLIBRARY
lg
AMLAYER
lgmo
AMLGMOVE
lgv
AMLAYVISENH
lmo
AMLAYMOVE
Offset
AMOFFSET
oo
3DOrbit
3DORBIT
par
AMPARTREF
pc
Power Copy
AMPOWERCOPY
pd
Power Dimensioning
AMPOWERDIM
ped
Power Edit
AMPOWEREDIT
per
Power Erase
AMPOWERERASE
Accelerator Keys
457
458
Key
Function
Command
prc
Power Recall
AMPOWERRECALL
proo
AMLAYPARTREFO
pss
AMPOWERSNAP
Create View
AMDWGVIEW
Edit View
AMEDITVIEW
rec
Rectangle
AMRECTANG
s1
AMPSNAP1
s2
AMPSNAP2
s3
AMPSNAP3
s4
AMPSNAP4
sm
Scale Monitor
AMSCMONITOR
stoo
AMLAYPARTO
tioo
AMLAYTIBLO
txl
Language Converter
AMLANGCONV
u0
Units 0
AMUNIT_0
u1
Units 1
AMUNIT_1
u2
Units 2
AMUNIT_2
u3
Units 3
AMUNIT_3
u4
Units 4
AMUNIT_4
v1
Upper Left
AMVIEWUL
v2
Upper Right
AMVIEWUR
v3
Lower Left
AMVIEWLL
v4
Lower Right
AMVIEWLR
v5
Center
AMVIEWCEN
val
View All
AMVIEWALL
vpoo
AMLAYVPO
Index
acceleration, 362
adjusting ring, 14
angular dimensioning, 156
angular dimensions, 23
annotation views, 52, 82
assembly components, 71
associative data, 52, 57
associative view, 144
Authorized Autodesk Reseller, 6
Authorized Autodesk Training Center, 6
Autodesk Inventor linked models
create base views for, 406
create breakout section views for, 408, 412
create isometric views for, 413
create multiple views for, 409
creating a base view for, 390
creating orthogonal views for, 392
shade and rotate, 384, 401
updating, 418
Autodesk Inventor models
link to, 383, 401
Autodesk Official Training Courseware, 6
Autodesk System Center, 6
automatic dimensioning, 151
Automatic Dimensioning dialog box, 152
base views
for assembly files, 406
for part files, 390
baseline dimensions, 150
Beam Calculation dialog box, 293, 295
bearing, 266
bearing calculation, 250, 266
belleville spring washer, 314
Belleville spring washers, 15
belt, 16
Belt and Chain Length Calculation dialog box,
302, 305
bending moment, 26, 272, 288
bills of material, 15, 220
blind hole, 209
blind holes, 15
blind slots, 15
bolt, 25
BOM database, 226
BOM databases, 15
border conditions, 349
break dimensions, 159
breakout section views
for assembly files, 408, 412
breaks, 18
Browser command access, 5
browser, mechanical, 52
calculation on bearing, 15
cam, 362
Cam Design and Calculation dialog box, 364,
368, 371, 374, 378
center text horizontally, 28
Index
459
centerhole, 16
centerlines, 150, 214
centroid, 291
chain, 16, 310
chain calculation, 299
chain length, 299
chain links, 299
chamfer, 250, 259
Change Title Block Entry dialog box, 388, 405
circlip, 19
clevis pin, 16
command access methods, 5
command summary, 14
component instances, creating, 66
components, mechanical structure, 52, 60
assembly, 71
browser nodes, 61
instances, inserting, 71
occurrences, 52
view folders, 52, 56
views, adding, 61
compression spring, 314
construction lines, 19, 106, 110, 182, 215
Construction Lines dialog box, 111
contact area, 337
Context Menu command access, 5
contour lines, 110
contour visibility, 22
copy, 101
cotter pin, 17
counterbore, 17
countersink, 17, 182
countersunk rivet, 17
Create Drawing View dialog box, 390, 392, 406,
409, 412, 414
create viewport, 30
crosshairs, 23
cross-hatching, 121
curve path, 362
custom filter, 246
cutline, 411
cutting plane, 26
cylinder, 255
cylindrical pin, 17
deviation, 122
dialog boxes
Change Title Block Entry, 388, 405
Create Drawing View, 390, 392, 406, 409,
412, 414
Drawing Borders with title Block, 385, 405
Export Drawing Views, 400
Options, 44, 389
Page Setup Manager, 386, 405
Page Setup-Layout, 386, 405
Save Title Block Filename, 388
Select template, 383, 401
dimensioning, 121
dimensions, 149
parametric, 395
radial, 399
reference, 398
distance snap, 106
distributed load, 288, 346
drawing border, 29, 150, 159, 385, 404
Drawing Borders with Title Block dialog box,
160, 385, 405
drawing limits, 43, 46
drawing templates, 43
drawing views
create, 388
creating, 405
export to AutoCAD, 400
insert drawing borders, 385, 404
drill bushing, 18
durability, 347
dynamic calculation, 250
dynamic dragging, 182, 250, 314
E
edge symbols, 18
Edit Attributes dialog box, 160
edit hidden edges, 175
elemental geometry, 52, 80
Export Drawing Views dialog box, 400
export drawing views to AutoCAD, 400
extension spring, 314
extension springs, 19
external thread, 19
D
default layer, 93
default scale factor, 30
default template, 48
definition instances, 52
definitions, 52
deflection line, 26, 272, 288, 292
Desktop Menu command access, 5
detail, 130, 134
Detail dialog box, 124
detail views, 106, 123
460
Index
F
fatigue factor, 272
FEA, 346
FEA 2D Calculation dialog box, 349
FEA 2D Isolines (Isoareas) dialog box, 352
FEA Configuration dialog box, 349
feature control frame symbols, 19
feature identifier symbols, 19
fillet, 117, 250, 259
Fillet Radius dialog box, 117
fillets, 19
filters, 243
filters, mechanical browser, 84, 85
finite element analysis, 347
fit, 150
fits, 19
fits list, 162
fixed support, 272, 277, 288, 346, 350
folders
component view, 52
folders, component view, 56
folders, mechanical structure, 82
foreground, 166
free objects, mechanical structure, 74
frequently used commands, 456
H
hatch, 19, 121
hatching, 121
hidden lines, 166
Hide Invisible Edges, 169
hide situations, 73
hole notes
adding, 397
hollow cylinders, 20
I
inner shaft contours, 26
instances, 52
isoareas, 352
isolines, 352
K
keyseat, 26
L
language converter, 20
Layer Control dialog box, 44, 97, 98, 103, 144
layer group, 21, 92, 96, 130
layer groups, 42
layer organization, 43
Layer Specifications, 447
N
NC, 362
new drawing, 48
Nominal Diameter dialog box, 140
Index
461
notch, 272
nut, 22
O
object snap modes, 23
object snaps, 109
objects, mechanical structure, 52
occurrences, component, 52
Options dialog box, 44
o-ring, 26
orthogonal views
for part files, 392
outer shaft contours, 26
R
radius reflection line, 250
rectangle, 24
reference point, 24
relative point, 24
representation, 182, 216
representation of a standard part, 27
resolution, 362
result block, 343
retaining ring, 19
revised commands, 32
revision lists, 25
roller bearing, 25
roller chain, 300
rotate tool, 384, 401
P
Page Setup - Layout dialog box, 386, 405
Page Setup Manager dialog box, 386, 405
parallel or woodruff key, 26
part information, 222
Part Ref Attributes dialog box, 222, 225, 230
part reference, 22, 220, 222
partition, 300
parts layers, 21, 42, 92
parts list, 22, 220, 231, 243
Parts List dialog box, 234
pin, 211
pitch diameter, 300
plain bearing, 23
plain rivet, 23
plug, 23, 26
point force, 272, 288
Point Load dialog box, 279
polyline, 115
Power Commands, 106
Power Copy, 182, 190, 314
power copy, 174
Power Dimensioning, 106, 130, 150
Power Dimensioning dialog box, 122, 126, 143,
156
Power Edit, 182, 201, 314, 346, 355
Power Erase, 150, 182, 206, 238
Power Recall, 182
Power Snap Settings dialog box, 110, 252
Power View, 182, 204, 324
power view, 174
precalculation, 197
precision, 122
predefined templates, 43
profile, 258
property class, 332
pulleys, 16, 27
Pulleys and Sprockets dialog box, 306, 308, 309
462
Index
S
safety factor of shaft, 26
Save Drawing As dialog box, 47
Save Title Block Filename dialog box, 388
scale area, 25, 130, 131
Scale Area dialog box, 133
scale monitor, 130
scaling, 25
screw, 25
Screw Assembly Grip Representation - Front View
dialog box, 189
Screw Assembly Templates dialog, 26
Screw Assembly Templates dialog box, 196
screw calculation, 329
Screw Calculation dialog box, 330
screw connection, 25, 329
Screw Connection dialog, 25
Screw Connection dialog box, 185, 194, 197
Screw Connection New Part Front View dialog
box, 201
Screw Diameter Estimation dialog box, 198
screw template, 192
script, 26
sealing ring, 26
Select a Blind Hole dialog box, 209
Select a Cylindrical Pin dialog box, 212
Select a Nut dialog box, 333
Select a Row dialog box, 331
Select a Screw dialog box, 186, 331
Select Graph dialog box, 280, 296
Select Part Size dialog box, 213, 303
Select template dialog box, 107, 251, 383, 401
selection mode, 58
Set Value dialog box, 235, 243
settlement, 341
shaft, 23, 29
shaft break, 250, 260
shaft calculation, 273, 280
Shaft Calculation dialog box, 275, 284
shaft end, 26
shaft generator, 250, 273
Shaft Generator dialog box, 253
shaft lock nut, 26
shim ring, 27
shortcuts, 456
side view, 261
simple welds, 27
slope, 264
snap distance, 230
snap settings, 23, 109
sort, 241
Sort dialog box, 241
special characters, 156
split, 237
spring, 15, 16
spring calculation, 315
spring layout, 318
springs, 19, 29
sprockets, 16, 27, 300, 306
stability, 347
stand-alone screw calculation, 329
standard parts, 23, 72, 183
Standard Parts Database dialog box, 27
starting layer, 43
steel shapes, 27, 166, 171
step width, 362
strength, 272, 283
Strength Calculation dialog box, 285
stress, 272, 346
stress calculation, 19
stress division, 356
stress representation, 354
stress table, 353
structure catalog, 25
supporting force, 26
surface texture symbols, 28
Switch Representation of Standard Parts dialog
box, 217
symmetric shaft parts, 26
symmetrical lines, 28
T
tangent definition, 304
taper pin, 28
tapped blind hole, 28
tapped through hole, 28
Template Description dialog box, 47
templates, drawing, 43
templates, saving, 46
text styles, 27
thread, 262
thread end, 29
through hole, 29
through slot, 29
tightening, 342
title block, 23, 29, 150
U
undercut, 29
user-defined blind hole, 29
user-defined blind slot, 29
user-defined counterbore, 29
user-defined countersink, 29
user-defined hatch, 29
V
View dialog box, 137, 138, 145, 146
view folders, component, 52
view scale, 130
viewports, 21, 130, 131, 134
views
annotation, 52
views, annotating, 82
views, mechanical browser, 84, 85
virtual intersection, 24
Visibility Enhancement dialog box, 102
W
washer, 30, 334
weld symbols, 30
workflows, mechanical structure, 52, 54
working layer, 92, 130
working layers, 42
X
xrefs, 30
Y
yield point, 272
Z
z coordinate, 24
zigzag line, 26, 30
zoom, 30
Index
463