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PStions and Swers Levels I, II, and Il Liquid Penetrant Testing Method Supplement to Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A Book D - Revised Recommended Training References Liquid Penetrant Testing Method The following references were used in formulating the questions contained in this book, A.* McMaster, A.C, ed. Nondestructive Testing Handbook, frst edition, Columbus, OH, American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Ine. 1959. B.* Tracy, Noel A. technical editor, Patrick O. Moore, editor, Nondestructive Testing Handbook, third edition: Volume 2, Liguid Penetrant Testing, Columbus, OH, American Society for Nondestructive Testing, In., 1999. C2 Liquid Penetrant Testing: Classroom Training Handbook (CT-6-2) and Liquid Penetrant Testing Programmed Instruction Handbook (PI-4-2), San Diego, CA, General Dynamies/Convair Division. 1978. (Now published by The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc.) D+ Metals Handbook, eighth edition, Nondestructive Inspection and Quality Control, Volume 11, Metals Park, OH, American Society for Metals. 1976. * Available from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc. Each question found in this book is followed by leter(s) and page number(s) indicating the specific recommended reference where the answer may be found. For example: 28, The term used to define the tendency of certain liquids to penetrate into small openings such as cracks or fissures is a saturation ». capillary action «. blotting 4. wetting agent eae D2 In this example, the leter “D” refers to Reference D in the lst above and *2 page in Reference D where the answer to the question is located, is the specific Reference Usage List Reference A: Total = 83, Level (70) Level It (0) Level II (13) Reference B: Total = 84 Level 1(19) Level 1127) Level I (38) Reference C: Total = 9 Level 1(4) Level II (0) Level (5) Reference D: Total = 69 Level 122) Level It (46) Level (1) w Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I Level I Questions Liquid Penetrant Testing Method Which one ofthe following conditions will affect the rate and the extent aliquid penetrant will center eracks, fissures and other small openings? a. the hardness ofthe specimen being tested b. the surface condition ofthe specimen being tested «. the color ofthe penetrant 4. the conductivity ofthe specimen being ested a si J A6-6 ‘Which of the following is a commonly used classification for penetrant? ‘a. postemulsifiable penetrant ', nonferrous penetrant . chemical eich penetrant 4. nonaqueous penetant " re A6-2 A generally accepted method for removing excess nonvater washable penetran is: 4. repeatedly dipping the test specimen in a cleaner », soaking the test specimen in hot detergent water ¢, blowing the excess penetrant off the surface of the part with compressed air 4. wiping and cautiously cleaning the test specimen with a cleaner-dampened cloth All ofthe following parts can be tested by the liquid penetrant method except: 2. an ron casting ban aluminum forging €. part made from a porous plastic material 4. part made from a nonporous material ® ™ AGH Which ofthe following discontinuities can be found by the penetrant test method? a. a surface crack bi. a subsurface crack ©, an internal «none of the above AGL Which ofthe following is generally the more acceptable method for cleaning parts prior to penetrant testing? a. sand blasting ». wire brushing «grinding 4. Vapor degreasing Aes All ofthe following methods are commonly used to clean parts prior to penetrant testing except: a. vapor degreasing i Tiquid solvent «, power wire brushing 4. alkaline cleaner 56-6 Cutting oils may be effectively removed from parts before penetrant testing by: a. preheating b. vapor degreasing . washing with water 4. all of the above B.169 The most common type of contaminant in fluorescent penetrant fui is a. metal filings boil €. detergents (from cleaning) 4. water AT33 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I 10, Uravioletligh, with a proper functioning fier in place, used for fluorescent penetrant inspection ‘ean cause permanent damage to: a. human tissues ’, human eyes «, human blood cells 4 none of the above A735 11 All ofthe following basi inspection principles apply tothe visible penetrant methods except: the penetrant must enter the discontinuity in ‘order to form an indication ». indications glow when illuminated with an ultraviolet light «. allonger penetration time is required for smaller discontinuities 4. ifthe penetrat is washed out ofthe discontinuity, an indication will not be formed by that discontinuity Mes 12, Subsurface discontinuities can be best detected by: 4. the postemulsification penetrant method ’. the visible dye penetrant method ©. the fluorescent, water washable penetrant ‘method 4. none of the above A 13, Water washable penetrants may be applied by: a. brushing b. spraying «. dipping 4 all of the above p32 14, ‘The first step in conducting a liquid penetrant test on a surface that has been painted is to: 2 carefull apply the pentrant over the surface ©. completely remove the pint 6, thoroughly wash he surface with a detergent 4 wire Brash the surface to rooghen the smooth $urface coating of paint meer A6-6 15. 16. 19. ‘When using a postemulsfication penetrant, itis necessary to apply the emulsifier; a. before applying the penetrant by after the water wash operation «. after the dwell time has elapsed 4 after the development ime has elapsed ™ * N69 When conducting a water washable liquid penetrant test, the wet developer is applied: a. immediately afte the penetrant has been applied b. immediately before the penetrant is applied «. after removal of the penetrant 4. after removal of the emulsifier p33. The term used to describe the action of a particular developer in soaking up the penetrant ina discontinuity, so as to cause the maximum bleedout of the liquid penetrant for increased contrast and sensitivity is known as: a. blotting bs capillary action «concentration 4. attraction D2s Using an ultraviolet light lamp with a eracked filter or without the filter in place can eause damage to human eyes because the lamp emits a. black light ultraviolet light c. infrared light 4. none of the above ATAT ‘The term used to define the period of time in Which the test partis covered with penetrant is: a. waiting time ». Soak time (drain time) ©. penetration time (dwell time) 4. bleed in time A63 21 2, 23, 24. Usually the most desirable method of removing 25, excess Water washable penetrant after the dwell time is by using: 8, a low pressure coarse water spray ». water and brush ¢. a solid stream of water 4. water and elean rags A67 When conducting a liquid penetrant test using a 26, postemulsifiabe visible dye penetrant, the generally accepted method for applying the wet ‘developer is by: 1. brushing. ». swabbing . dipping 4. spraying praying eon 21, Which of the following characteristics does not apply to liquid penetrant testing? ‘this method can accurately measure the depth of a crack or discontinuity ’. this method can be used for on-site testing of large parts «. this method can be used to find shallow surface discontinuities 28, 4, this method can be made more or less sensitive by using different penetrant materials ae pe AB2 Which of the following discontinuities is most likely to be missed due to improper rinse techniques? a. a forging lap i, deep pitting «shallow and broad discontinuities 29. 4. the rinse technique will not affect the detection of discontinuities, AGS ‘When conducting a fluorescent penetrant test, a commonly used technique for assuring thatthe excess penetrant has been removed prior tothe application of a developer isto: 1, blow compressed air over the surface b. chemically etch the surface ¢. blot the surface with absorbent paper 4. scan the surface with an ultraviolet light A6-7 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I Which of the following surface conditions could have a detrimental effect on a liquid penetrant test? a, a wer surface b. arough weld ©. anily surface 4. all of the above A66 Liquid penetrant testing is capable of detecting a, subsurface intergranular stress corrosion cracking discontinuities b. discontinuities open to the surface ¢. subsurface discontinuities 4. lack of fusion (subsurface) p20 Ultraviolet light equipment is required when penetrant testing by: the fluorescent penetrant method bi the visible dye penetrant method © the nonfluorescent penetrant method. 4. all of the above A624 ‘The term used to define the tendency of certain liquids to penetrate into small openings such as ‘racks or fissures is: a. saturation b. capillary action «. blotting 4. wetting agent pat Excess penetrant (all penetrant except that which is in discontinuities) is removed from the specimen: 4, after the required penetrant dwell ime has elapsed b, before the application of an emulsifier ifa postemulsifierpenetrant is used «. by means of a steam cleanee 4. only when water washable penetrans are used * m Dai Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I 30, 31 2 33, M4, When using a postemulsifiable penetrant, the ‘emulsifier time should be: 1s long as the penetrant dwell time half the penetrant dwell time the same asthe developer time only as long as necessary to remove the interfering background pas When an inspector is working in a darkened area, he/she should become adjusted to the dark before inspecting pars. The generally accepted ‘minimum time period for becoming accustomed to the dark is: a. 1105 min b. $10 10 min ©. 10:0 15 min «dno waiting period is neces i pe sary aa ‘When applying penetrant by dipping, heating the Penetrant prior to dipping: will not increase the sensitivity ofthe test b. will not increase the capillary action of the penetrant «. will increase the stability ofthe peneteant 4. is not generally recommended AIM Liquid penetrant inspection cannot find: 2, surface porosity i, surface cracks . an internal cavity da surface forging I “rane AGL Al ofthe following materials can be tested by ‘the usual liquid penetrant tests except: ‘4 unglazed porous ceramic ». titanium high alloy steet dd. cast ton AG4 35, 36, 37. 38, Liquid penetrant testing can be used to detect; 4. discontinuities 1.6 mm (0,06 in.) below the surface ». intemal discontinuities €. discontinuities open to the surface 4. all discontinuities AGL Which of the following are commonly accepted methods for applying penetrant? 8. dipping the part in penetrant (dipping) ». pouring the penetrant over the test specimen (lowing) . spraying the penetrant on te test specimen (praying) 4. all ofthe above paz A solvent used to clean the surface of a test specimen must possess all of the following characteristics except thatthe: a, cleaner must be capable of dissolving oils and greases commonly found on the surface ». cleaner must not be flammable «. cleaner must be free of excessive contaminants 4. cleaner must leave a minimal residue on the surface BATLITZ Which ofthe statements below best states the danger of sandblasting (without subsequent ‘chemical etching) for cleaning surfaces to be penetrant tested? 8. the discontinuities may be peened over and closed ». oil contaminants might be sealed in the discontinuities the sand used in the sandblasting operation may be forced into the discontinuity 4. the sandblasting operation may introduce discontinuities ARS 39, 40. 41 a2 43. ‘The penetran applied to the surface ofa test 4, specimen 4. seeps into discontinuities bis absorbed by discontinuities ¢. is drawn into discontinuities by capillary action 4. is drawn into discontinuities by gravity yee pat ‘Which ofthe following statements concerning liquid penetrant testing is correct? 4. fluorescent penetrants will produce red against. 45. white discontinuity indications ». nonfluorescent penetrants require the use of ultraviolet lights «. fluorescent indications will be seen when exposed to ultraviolet light 4. nonfluorescent discontinuities glow in the dark for easy viewing and interpretation y venga AG2 46. When removing excess penetrant from the surface of a test specimen: 4. the penetrant removal operation must not remove the penetrant from discontinuities b, sufficient excess penetrant must be removed to climinate an interfering background «the use ofa solvent-dampened cloth is a common method of penetrant removal 4. all ofthe above 4, pa324 ‘The most widely aocepted method for removing excessive water washable penetant from the Surface of atest specimen is by 2. using a wet riz '. using a water spray rinse ¢. washing the part directly under water running from a tap 4. immersing the part in water 48, AGT The final inspection of atest specimen for discontinuities should take place: immediately after the developer has been applied ». any time after the developer has been applied 4 ler the developer has been on the test specimen forthe proper development time immediately after the rinse operation ¥ se D3 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I Which of the following is an advantage of visible dye penetrants over fluorescent penetrants? 4. visible dye penetrants do not require violet light b. visible dye penetrants are more sensitive than fluorescent penetrants «. visible dye penetrants are superior in penetrating characteristics 4, visible dye penetrants are not toxie while fluorescent penetrants are toxic pD3t ‘The terms dry, aqueous wet and nonaqueous wet are used to describe three different types of: a. emulsifiers bs, cleaners . developers . penetrants| m 26 Which of the following is not a generally accepted method for applying penetrants? ‘a rubbing the penetrant over the surface ». brushing the penetrant on the part © spraying the penetrant on the part € dipping the part in the penetrant pinginepa Pens A6-2, 7, 13,19 Which of the following is the most commonly used method for removing nonwater washable visible dye penetrant from the surface of a test. specimen’? a. dipping ina solvent ». spraying c. hand wiping 4. blowing A619 Which of the following is an acceptable method for applying wet developers? 1. application witha soft brush ». application with a hand powder bulb rubbing with a saturated cloth 4. spraying odippin ne AG-17, 15 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I 49, When using solvent removable penetrants, the 54, ‘excess penetrant may be removed by: 4. dipping the part in solvent ». spraying the part with water and a solvent c. rubbing the par with a wet rag 4. wiping the part with a rag o cloth that has ‘been lightly moistened with solvent AG-19 50. While conducting a penetrant test, all of the following health precautions should be applied except: 2. keeping the work area clean washing any penetrant fom skin with soap SS land waters so0n as posible ¢. keeping penctrant off clothes 4. washing any excess penetra from skin using saline Ge AT38 SI. Which of the following surface contaminants cannot be removed by cleaning parts in a vapor degreaser? 56, a. grease bi. rust © heavy oil 4. soluble oil 6-6 52. Before conducting a liguid penetrant test, itis ‘important to ensure that the surface of the pat is free of: a. oil or grease '. acids or chromates «traces of water 31. all ofthe above N66 53. When performing a penetrant test using postemulsifiation penetrant, which ofthe following i the most critical with respect to proper timing? a. dwell time b. developing time ¢. emulsification time a drying time ae A612 Which ofthe following is the most likely result of an excessive emulsification time when penetrant testing with postemulsification penetrants? a, a large number of nonrelevant indications could appear on the part b. shallow discontinuity indications could be lost ‘. excess penetrant could remain after the wash ‘operation 4. the emulsifier could harden, preventing the developer from blotting the penetrant in discontinuities ARB In penetrant testing, developers should be able 10 perform all of the following functions except a. bloting penetrant from discontinuities b. aiding in providing an image ofa discontinuity «. adding fluorescence to penetrants 4 helping control bleedout mm AGS Which ofthe following is the primary limitation of liquid penetrant testing? ‘. penetrant testing cannot be used on ferromagnetic material ». penetrant testing cannot locate shallow surface discontinuities «. penetrant testing cannot be used on ‘nonmetallic surfaces 4. penetrant testing cannot locate subsurface discontinuities BS In penetrant testing the time period from ‘developer application to inspection is often referred to asthe: a, emulsification time b. development time c. dwell time ‘4. none of the above A615 58, 59, 61. ©, Liquid penetrant testing is anondestructive test 63. that can be used for: 2, locating and evaluating all types of discontinuities ina test specimen » locating and determining the length, width, and depth of discontinuities in atest specimen «. determining the tensile strength of atest gpesimen, he su 4. locating discontinuities open tothe surface * me ‘AG1 64. ‘When conducting a penetrant test using fluorescent penetrant, ultraviolet light equipment is required to: 2. cause the penetrant to fluoresce b. aid the normal capillary action characteristics, of a penetrant «. neusralize excess penetranton the surface 6. decrease the surface tension ofthe part AG2 65. “The method used to remove excess visible dye penetrant from atest specimen is primarily determined by: a. the surface roughness of the specimen the type of material being tested ©. the length of penetration time . all of the above AGS Which ofthe following isa type of developer used in penetrant inspection? 66 a dry aqueous particulate «. nonaqueous particulate a. water soluble all ofthe above D26 ‘When penetrant testing parts, the temperature of 67. the parts should be near room temperature. Ifthe part is ata low temperature when tested, the: ‘2. penetrant may become viscous >. penetrant may evaporate very rapidly ¢. color intensity ofthe penetrant will decrease a will tend to adhere tothe surface of Asa Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I I a part tobe penetrant tested is hot, the penetrant |. may become viscous ‘may reduce sensitivity to small defects ‘may lose some ofits color brilliance will show small discontinuities better AST Penetrants may be classified or subdivided by the ‘method used to remove excess penetrant. Which of the following is a proper classification in accordance with this statement? 4, nonsolvent removable ». vapor degreased «. brush removable «water washable AG2 ‘The problem with retesting a test specimen with fluorescent penetrants that has been previously tested using visible dye liquid penetrant is that 1. the penetrant may form beads on the surface i the penetrant left in discontinuities may be misleading when the specimen is retested the penetrant will lose a great deal ofits color bailliance 4, residue can diminish or destroy fluorescent indication brightness Bags Which of the following conditions will decrease the life of an ultraviolet light bulb? 4, ine voltage fluctuations ', dust on the face of the bulb . changes in room temperature 4. all ofthe above AD Which of the following statements does not apply to developers used during penetrant testing? ‘a. developers are normally highly fluorescent b. developers often furnish a contrasting background during inspection «. developers absorb or blot the penetrant that remains in discontinuities after the rinse ‘operation has been completed 4. developers may be either wetordry Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I 85, Water washable penetrant is applied toa part by high lash point «medium flash point 4. ash pont is no a factor tobe considered B73 103, A material that s applied over the film of the ppenetrant on the surface of a part, mixes withthe ppenetrant, and enables the penetrant to be washed. ‘fT the surface is called: a. an emulsifier », a penetrant . adeveloper «an isomer B37 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I 104. The time allowed for the penetrant to enter discontinuities that may be present i the: 1, emulsification time b. application time c, dell time 4. drain time 105. Which of the following penetrant systems is generally considered to be the most sensitive? 4. water washable - visible dye b. solvent removable ~ visible dye ¢, water washable ~ fluorescent dye 4. postemulsification ~ fluorescent dye ps ** pas 106. The best choice of a developer for use on a very smooth surface when using a fluorescent Penetrant would be: dry ~ ufty dry — regular wet 4d. none of the above B92 107. The purpose of an emulsifier isto: ‘4. combine withthe penetrant to make the resultant mixture removable by a water rinse ». assist the blotting action of the developer «. increase the penetration of the penetrant into fine discontinuities 4. eliminate false indications 342 108. Developer assists in the detection of visible liquid penetrant indications by: a. providing a clean surface ». providing a contrasting background ©, providing a dry surface 4. emulsifying the penetrant aT cas 109. Liquid penetrant examination can detect all of the following types of discontinuities except a a forging lap b.aseam €. a surface crack subsurface porosity me C26 110, What is the most universally used ultraviolet light? a. incandescent lamps b: metallic erbon ates © tubular BL fluorescent lamps 4. enclosed mercury-vapor ae lamps ee o AT-AD ILL. Which of the following processes would be most sensitive to detecting very fine defects? a. oil-and-whiting process b. water washable process . postemulsi «water emulsifiable visible dye penetrant process A623 112, When using the postemulsification fluorescent process, which of the following methods cannot be used? a. dipping the part in the emulsifier », spraying the part with emulsifier ©, pouring emulsifier over the part 4, brushing emulsifier on the ns ba AG-IL 113, Which of the following would be the most desirable center wavelength for the output of the light source used in fluorescent processes? a. 320nm bi. 365 nm ©. 520nm, <4. 565 nm, ADD 114, Bleedout of penetrant from a cold shut is an ‘example of: ‘a false indication ». a nonrelevant indication c. a tue indication 4. none of the above C6. 115, Liquid penetrants become sluggish at ‘temperatures: a. above 38 °C (100 °F) ». between 10 and 38 °C (50 and 100 °F) «, below 10 °C (50°F) d. below 21 °C (70°F) 3.24 116. Why is it possible to flush a surface witha coarse ‘water spray to which a water washable penetrant ‘was applied, remove the excessive penetrant, and nat remove the penetrant that is in the defects? 1 the liquid will not wash the penetrant fom the ‘defects because the penetrant has to be drawn out by the developer be the nature of a water washable penetrant is such that water will not dissolve the penetrant; ‘thas to push the penetrant off the surface, Which is why a spray is used . the water droplets are relatively large and will not enter most defect openings 4. a water spray should not be used; the penetrant should be removed by a cloth tmpened with water ss AGS 13 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level I Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level 1 Level I Answers Liquid Penetrant Testing Method Lob 3a 61. ec ab 2 a 32. d 62. a 2. 4 3d 33. 6. d 3. b 4 oe 34. a od 94. 5a 35. ¢ 6. d 95. 6 36. d 66. a 96. oc 37. ob oa 7d & ob 38a 68. 98. 9d 39. 0. od 9. ¢ 10d 40. ¢ 70. b 100. b Mb 41d nb iol. d 2d 42. b Ra 102. b Bod Bc Bc 103. a 4b 44. a ma 104. c 15. ¢ 45. ¢ B. 105. d 16 46. a 76. b 106. a 7. a 41. ¢ 7. 107, a Bb 48d Bo 108, b 19 ¢ 49. 19. a 109. 20. a 50. d 80. 10. d a. d 51. ob 8 ML oc 2 a 52d 82 b "20d 2B. 53. 8. d 13. b m4. d 54.0} 8a 14. ¢ 2. d 55. ¢ 8. Ns. ¢ 2%. b 56. d 86. b 16 ¢ 7 a 7. b a7. 28. b 38d 8c 2 a 59. a 89. d 30. d 60. a 90. a 15 Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level IIT Level III Questions Liquid Penetrant Testing Method Chemical cleaners are often used for very dirty, greasy pars. If used: the surface must be subsequently cleaned with solvent cleaner the surface must be thoroughly rinsed free of any residue heat must be used to ensure the removal of any detergents from surface openings 4, the surfaces must be subsequently cleaned witha volatile solvent cleaner B.16S Generally, vapor degreasing is considered to be ‘one ofthe best methods of prepating a part for liguid penetrant inspection because: 4. it totally removes all surface contaminants D. the solvent vapor removes all petroleum based materials «the method is easily adapted to virwally any size of the part 4. the solvent vapor removes all inorganic soils a ‘When penetrant the parts should applied to parts by dipping, 1. left in the tank during the entre dwell time by set aside until the divell time is up €. placed on a rack designed to return any excess , internal forging bursts ri surface cracks surface laps Bs Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level II 7. Which of the following types of discontinuities 12. could be classified as a primary processing discontinuity often found in cast material? a. fatigue crack b. sree consion erick heer lack of penetration rm B.128 8, Which of he following dicontinits could be 13, classified as a finishing processing discontinuity? a. fatigue erack ». stress corrosion crack «. lamination dl, heat teat crack Baar 9. Which ofthe following isconintes could be 14 classified as service induced discontinuity? a fatigue rack b. porosity ¢, machining tear ay 3 BA27 10, Which of the test part characteristics liste below 15, are normally considered before the specific liquid Penetrant test method is selected? 4. the kind and size of discontinuities most likely ». the intended application forthe part «. the surface finish of the part d. all ofthe above B10 11. Which of the following foreign matter might block the openings of discontinuities ifthe surface of a test specimen is not properly cleaned? a. paint bi scale «core and mold material 4. all of the above bat 18 Al of the following methods are recommended to remove grease from the surface of a penetrant test specimen except a. vapor degreasing by alkaline cleaning «. cleaning with solvent type material 4. hot water rinsing nano ‘The penetrant indication for a cold shut on the surface of a casting will be a: a, dotted or smooth continuous line b. cluster of small indications € rough deep indication 4. large bulbous indication bat The penetrant indication ofa forging lap will normally be a ‘2. round or nearly round indication ». cluster of indications «. continuous line d, dotted line 8.129.130 ‘When conducting a penetrant test, spherical indications on the surface of a part could be indicative of: a. fatigue cracks b. porosity c. Weld laps 4 hot tears Dat Penetrant developer is commonly available in all of the following forms except 1. dry developer ’. nonaqueous developer . wet developer a. high viscosity developer pos 17. 18, 20. 21 Which of the following isa possible cause for false penetrant indications? excessive washing inadequate application of developers ©. penetrant or part too cold during penetration time 4. int or dist B.St-AS2 Developer assists in the detection of penetrants retained in discontinuities by aiding the: postcleaning process ‘emulsification process Dleedout process I. drying process p39 Developer assists in the detection ofthe visible ‘dye penetrant test indications by: 1. providing a clean surface ». providing a contrasting background . providing a dry surface 4. emulsifying the penetrant bleedout When using postemulsification penetrants, difficulties incurred during the washing operation ‘can be overcome by: a. reapplying a coating of emulsifier bs increasing the water pressure used during the washing operation . completely reprocessing the part from surface preparation on and by using @ longer ‘emulsifier time, if allowed 4. dipping the part in boiling water B52, 53 Which of the following methods for applying ‘nonaqueous developer is normally considered the most effective? a. spraying bs. swabbing. «, brushing 4. dipping par Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level Il 22, Of the methods listed below, the most effective ‘means of precleaning a test item to remove ‘organic contaminants such as grease prior to a penetrant testis: 1. vapor degre >, detergent cleaning . hot water rinse 4, solvent wiping B.170 23. Fluorescent materials used in fluorescent penetrants respond most actively to radiant energy with a wavelength of approximately a, 700 nm b. 250kV ©, 365 nm «4. 1 kix (100 fte) B.36,77 24, When performing a liquid penetrant test using solvent removable visible dye penetrant, there are several ways to remove excess penetrant from the surface of the part. Which of the methods listed below is generally regarded as most suitable for giving accurate test results? ‘. squirting solvent over the surface with no ‘more than 276 kPa (40 psi pressure b. wiping with a soaking wet cloth, then wiping with a dry cloth «. wiping with a solvent dampened clot, then ‘wiping with dry cloths 4 wiping wit dry paper wipes, then wiping with {solvent dampened cloth, and finally wiping with dry elo 7 B66 25, Emulsifier time: 4. is important but not normally critical by is the time needed to rinse the emuls excess penetrant from the surface «is extremely important and will greatly affect test results 4, should be as long as economically practical 8 ly practical 5 and Liquid Penetrant Testing Method, Level IT 44, Which of the following contaminants could affect the sensitivity of a penetrant? acid water salts all of the above pao 45. Which of the following is a discontinuity that might be found in a forging? ‘a. shrinkage cracks ». laps ©. cold shuts 4. insufficient penetration i Dat 46. Which ofthe following is a discontinuity that might be found in rolled plate stock? «a. shrinkage cracks », inclusions . forging laps 4. blow holes Dal 47. Which of the following is an advantage of fluorescent penetrants over visible type penetrants? 1. the inspection can be carried out in a well lighted area ». small indications are more easily seen «. they can be used where contact with water is objectionable 4. they are less sensitive to contamination of discontinuities pas 48. Which of the following is an advantage of visible dye penetrants over fluorescent penetrants? 1, small indications are more easly seen >. they can be used on anodized and chromate surfaces «. they make less background on rough surfaces d. no special lighting is required pas 49, 50, si. 92. 53, 22. ‘Which of the following is an advantage of solvent wipe methods over water washing? ‘no special lighting is necessary during inspection ». they provide a quicker penetration of small openings ¢. small indications are more easily seen d. they can easily be carried out in the field and to remote areas p24 ‘The tendency of a liquid penetrant to enter a discontinuity is primarily related to the: «4. viscosity ofthe penetrant b. capillary forces c. chemical inertness ofthe penetrant 4. specific gravity of the penetrant nnn p2i-2 ‘The emulsifier is used: a. to wash the penetrant out of discontinuities ’. toaid in washing off the surface of parts when using either the water or oi soluble penetrants ¢. to emulsify the oil soluble penetrant, thereby making it water washable 4, to preclean parts before applying penetrant preclean part applying penetrant “The prime purpose of the ultraviolet light for fluorescent penetrant inspection isto: 4, magnify indications 'b, make the indications visible ¢, develop indications 4. speed up inspection speed up inspe pos Why is it advisable to have an ultraviolet light installed atthe wash station? 1. so inspection can be done without drying parts '. to speed the bleeding of penetrant out of defects «to check the effectiveness of the wash eycle 4. to determine if parts have been covered with penetrant D2»

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