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INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 LITERATURE SURVEY
The author has gone through a number of research papers relating to the
drawing process with tribological study. Hydrodynamic lubrication
prevails when film of lubricant fully seperates the die from the work piece.
Summery of some papers are summarized as:
Madhavian and Wilson [7] has been discussed the lubricant flow in
plastohydrodynamic work zone. This includes the effects of different
surface temperatures and shear heating within the lubricant film. Thermal
effects on the lubricant velocity and temperature profile traction and
volume flow rate are described. The difference in surface temperature
plays a dominate role in deciding the variation of lubricant film thickness
with position and time in metal forming operations.
Avitzer [9] analyze the wire drawing and extrusion through conical dies of
small cone angle. Analytical expressions are derived for the required front
pull for wire drawing, as well as the back push for extrusion. The effect of
each of the process variables on these forces is presented graphically. The
process variables are the cons semi angle () initial (R i) and final (Rf) wire
radius, material yield limit (o) at uniaxial load, back pull (xb) an front
pull (xf), coefficient of friction () or shear factor (m), die land (L), exit
velocity (vf) and entrance velocity (vi).
The power balanceis set for these powers: (1) internal power of
deformation of wire, (2) Power involved with the back force on the wire,
2
(3) Power involved with the front force on the wire, (4) Power losses due
to friction between the wire and the die.
By Susan M. Bloor*, D. Dowson and B. Parsons [12] has been analyzed
plasto-Hydrodynamic lubrication of the plane strain drawing process. In
recent years there has been an accumulation of evidence of hydrodynamic
lubrication in various metal forming processes. In the present paper the
possibility of hydrodynamic action in the plane strain drawing process is
explored in a theoretical analysis which takes account of the variation of
lubricant viscosity with pressure and temperature and plastic deformation
of the strip. The generation of heat within the lubricant is considered and
linear heat flow in the rigid die is considered in the thermal analysis.
Wilson and Mohdavian [13] gave hydrodynamic Lubrication of
Hydrostatic Extrusion. An analytical model for the hydrodynamic
lubrication of hydrostatic extrusion is developed. This includes the effect
of viscous heating on the film formation process and the effect of viscous
and plastic heating on the friction and film thickness variation in the work
zone. Theoretical prediction of film thickness and extrusion pressure show
good agreement with experimental measurements for aluminium billets
lubricated with castor oil.
Avitzur [16] has been analyzed the wire drawing and extrusion through
conical dies of large cone angle. This work is a direct extension of
reference [9].
CHAPTER 3
4
In the inlet zone the lubricant is drawn into the space between strip and die
by hydrodynamic wedge action. The lubricant pressure rises rapidly until
the work piece yields at the inlet of working zone. In deformation zone the
strip material yields plastically. In the outlet zone the strip again become
rigid it provides stability in work piece and pressure almost remains
constant in this zone. Process is shown in Fig.
CHAPTER - 4
5
6.1
Conclusions
From this present work following conclusions are drawn:
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6.2
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REFERENCES
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