ECE 3610 Projects; Digital Stop Watch

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1. Design a microprocessing system to implement a digital stopwatch. The system shall

use a microprocessor as a monitor and control interface between the given input
devices (control panel and milliseconds counter) and the given output devices (milliseconds display unit and seconds display unit). This means that every output from a device
must be input to the microprocessor. In addition, this means that every input to a device
must be output from the microprocessor. For example, you cannot connect a wire from
the RO pin of a device to the INC pin of another device.
The control panel provides the human-computer interface for starting, stopping, and
pausing the watch. The truth table of the control panel is given in Fig. 1.
The milliseconds counter counts in one millisecond intervals. As shown in Fig. 1, the
RESET signal resets the millisecond counter to zero. When supplied with the active high
START signal, the millisecond counter begins counting, starting at zero, and counting up
to a maximum count equivalent to one millisecond. Each time the millisecond counter
counts up to one millisecond, it pulses (low-high-low) the roll-over (RO) signal, resets
itself to zero, and resumes counting up again.
The milliseconds display unit displays milliseconds, from 000 to 999. The RESET
signal resets the display to 000. Each time the milliseconds display unit receives a pulse
(low-high-low) on its INC line the display increments by one. When the millisecond display unit rolls over (increments from 999 to 000), it issues a pulse (low-high-low) on the
RO line.
The seconds display unit displays seconds, from 00 to 99. The RESET signal resets
the display to 00. Each time the seconds display unit receives a pulse (low-high-low) on
its INC line the display increments by one. When the seconds display unit rolls over
(increments from 99 to 00), no signal is provided.
Control Panel
START

STOP

PAUSE

CP1
CP2

Control Panel Truth Table

Function
CP1CP2
None
0 0
Start
0 1
Stop
1 0
Pause
1 1

Milliseconds Display Unit

INC
RESET

Milliseconds RO
Counter
RESET
CLK
START
Seconds Display Unit
INC
RESET

RO
Fig. 1. Some of the parts to be used in the microprocessor based digital stopwatch.

ECE 3610 Projects; Digital Stop Watch

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The additional components of your design can be chosen from only the provided list of
available components (see below). Your solution will be marked for completeness, so
show all pertinent wiring of components in your diagram. Your solution will be marked for
readability and legibility. Note: Cost is an important constraint, so use the absolute minimum number of devices and smallest size of the devices as required.
Note: all of the signals from the Control Panel, Milliseconds Display Unit (RO), Millisconds Counter (RO); and all of the signals controlling the Milliseconds Display Unit, Millisconds Counter, and Seconds Display Unit must be processed by your microprocessor
software. For example, you cannot simply connect Ro fromt he Milliseconds Counter to
the INC pin of the Milliseconds Display Unit. The INC signals must be generated by your
software.
[1.1]

Draw a system diagram, which is similiar in format to Fig. 3, on Page 306 of Lecture 25.

[1.2]

Design and show an address decoder for this system.

[1.3]

Draw a diagram of the memory map for this system. Include the address ranges of
all memories and I/O controllers. Also, show the starting and ending addresses of
the program code area, data area, and stack area. Also, show the contents of the
vector table.

[1.4]

Draw a flow chart for every part of your software.

2. Analysis Questions
[2.1]

In your design, how much time elapses between the assertion of the milliseconds counters RO signal and the assertion of the milliseconds display units
INC signal?

[2.2]

In your design, how much time elapses between the assertion of the milliseconds display units RO signal and the assertion of the seconds display units
INC signal?

[2.3]

If you are using a stack, how large does your stack grow?

[2.4]

How large is your program in Bytes?

[2.5]

If you are using RAM, how large of RAM do you require in your design?

[2.6]

Draw a diagram showing an alternative non-microprocessor based design of a

digital stop watch, which uses all of the above given input and output devices, but
does not use a microprocessor. Comment on the advantages and disadvantages
of the micro-processor based design compared with non-microprocessor based
design of a digital stop watch.

Available Parts: The following devices are available (no other devices are permitted):
A basic micro-processor (You may use the HCS11 instruction set).
Three 512x8 ROM chips, each with one positive level chip select.
One 128x8 ROM chip, with one negative level chip select.

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Eight 32Kx8 RAM chips, each with one positive level chip select.
One 64x8 RAM chip, with one positive level chip select.
Many 4-port PCIAs, with one positive level chip select.
One A2D converter, having 8-bit resolution and a fixed sampling frequency of 8 kHz.
Two D2A converters, which convert 8-bit numbers to the range of 0V to 5V.
Two LEDs.