Cambridge International AS Level Physics

Answers to end-of-chapter questions

Answers to EOC questions

Chapter 12
1 a
Terminal p.d. = 2.50.30 = 0.75V
[1]
There is work done inside the cell against
the internal resistance or there is a voltage
(lostvolts) across the internal resistance. [1]
b E = V+Ir[1]
1.5 = 0.75+(2.5r)[1]
2.5r = 0.75, so r = 0.30
[1]
2
2
c i Power P = I R = 2.5 0.30 = 1.875 1.88W
[1]
ii Power for 0.5:
total resistance R+r = 0.80;
1.5 = 1.875A;
current = 0.80
[2]
power = 1.87520.50 = 1.76W
Power for 0.2W:
total resistance R+r = 0.50;
1.5 = 3.0A;
current = 0.580
power = 3.020.50 = 0.45W
Both are less than 1.88W.
[2]
2 a i The test cell is the wrong way round
[1]
so he must reverse it.
[1]
ii At the balance point, the ammeter reading
is zero.
[1]
e.m.f.
22.5
22.5
b 1.434 = 33.6 so e.m.f. = 1.43433.6 
[1]

= 0.933V
[1]
3 a
The resistance due to the work done in
driving current through the cell
[1]
equals the lost volts / current.
[1]
b i E = I(R+r)[1]
= 0.625(2+r) = 0.341(4+r)[1]
r = 0.40
[1]
ii Substitution into E = I(R+r) so E = 1.50V [1]
c Internal resistance is too high.
[1]
Maximum current < 4A
[1]
4 a
The e.m.f. of a cell is the work done per
coulomb of charge
[1]
in the complete circuit.
[1]
b When there is no / negligible current through
the cell, there is no potential drop across the
internal resistance.
[1]

When there is a current, there is such a

potential drop.
[1]
V
c i I = R = 8.40
[1]
12 
= 0.70A
[1]
ii Lost volts = 0.54V
[1]
V
0.54
[1]
R = I = 0.70 = 0.77
iii The resistance of the voltmeter r or R.[1]
5 a
In circuit 1, the p.d. across the bulb varies
from 0 to 240V.
[1]
In circuit 2, it never falls to zero.
[1]
2
2
V
240
b i P = R , leading to R = 60 [1]
R = 960W
[1]
ii Resistance greater when switched on. or
Resistance is lower at room temperature.[1]
Resistance of a metal increases with
increasing temperature (or decreases with
decreasing temperature).
[1]
6 a
Voltmeter reading will decrease
because current through R2 decreases.
R2
Vin
b Vout = R +R
1
2
R2 = 1645 1600
c Resistance of R2 and voltmeter in parallel
1 + 1 1 =380
=( 470
2000)

[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]

380
Vout = (1645+380
)9.0 = 1.69 1.7V[1]

7 a i Straight line through origin with positive

gradient[1]
Graph axes labelled V (x-axis) and l (y-axis)
[1]
ii A 0V, B 2.2V
[1]
iii General diagram (with one or two cells) [1]

Two cells in correct polarity

[1]
Switches, or suitable comment indicating
that only one cell is used at a time
[1]

Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics Cambridge University Press 2014

Cambridge International AS Level Physics

Answers to end-of-chapter questions

b E = I(R+r)[1]
E = 0.60(8+r) = 1.50(2+r)[1]
r = 2
[1]
Substitution into either equation gives
E = 6.0V
[1]

Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics Cambridge University Press 2014