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Chapter 32
1 a
Electrical energy from power supply is
transferred to energy of electron beam (100%).
10
Energy of electron beam is transferred to
internal energy of the anode (~99%) and
energy of X-ray photons (~1%).
b Energy = qV = 80keV = 800001.61019
= 1.281014J 1.31014J
Impact speed is given by rearranging kinetic
energy Ek = 12 mv2 to give
14
11
a
v = 2Ek = 21.310 = 1.69108ms1
m 9.110
31
1.7108ms1
2 Photon energy E = hc
= Ve 34
8
6.6310 3.010
Wavelength =hc
Ve = 1201031.61019
b 1.35103m 1.4mm
12
= 1.041011m 1.01011m
13
14
2
2
Ir
3
(Z2Z1)
(1.341.50)
=
(0.32%)
2 =
2 = 3.210
I0
(Z2+Z1)
(1.34+1.50)
15
16
17
15400.03410
Distance = ct
2 =
2
= 0.026m (26mm)
18
a Mechanical to electrical
b Electrical to mechanical
c Mechanical to electrical
d Electrical to mechanical
softtissue
19
a Rearrange f0 = 20 to give gyromagnetic ratio
2f
= 2.68108HzT1
= B 0 = 242.610
1.0
0
B
Amplitude
20
watery tissue
fatty
21
cancerous
0
Time
a MRI uses non-ionising RF electromagnetic
radiation, whereas CAT scanning uses X-rays,
which are a form of ionising radiation.
b CAT scans show up bone, which is poorly
imaged by MRI.
c The patients body does not have to be cut
open, nor do any instruments have to be
inserted into the body.