7th lecture

Housing Typology

The following describe a range of:

physical housing types
Housing characteristics
Housing design considerations
The main reference: A PDF paper prepared for the Northwest Corridor Development
Approach, USA, June 2005, by: The Metropolitan Design Center | College of Architecture
and Landscape Architecture | University of Minnesota
http://www.housinginitiative.org/pdfs/Housing%20Types/Housing_Types_Sheets.pdf

HOUSING TYPES
There are so many different names used to describe buildings where people live.
Housing types according to their physical composition are basically categorized under
two main divisions:

(A) Free-standing or detached dwellings

Single
detached

(B) Attached or multi-user dwellings

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Both classes may vary greatly in scale and amount of accommodation provided.
Although there appear to be many different types, many are purely matters of style
rather than spatial arrangement or scale.

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings
Most single family homes are built on lots larger than the structure itself.
They are typically surrounded by gardens.

In this paper we will study 7 types of single residence dwellings:

Villa- Bungalow- Mention- Cottage- Townhouse- Court yard House- Core House

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

1. Villa
a villa originated from Roman times, when it was used to refer to a large house which
one might retreat to in the country.
In the late 19th and early 20th century, a villa is a freestanding comfortable sized
house, on a large block, generally found in the suburbs.
A villa was originally an upper-class country
house, though since its origins in Roman times.
In the later 16th century the villas designed by
Andrea Palladio around Vicenza, remained
influential for over four hundred years.
With the changes of social values after World
War I the suburban "villa" became a
bungalow.
In modern parlance it can refer to a specific type
of detached suburban dwelling.
Modern architecture also produced some important examples of buildings called "villas":
o Falling water by Frank Lloyd Wright
o Villa Lewaro in Irvington, New York, by Vertner Tandy
o Villa Savoye in Poissy, France, by Le Corbusier
o Villa Tugendhat in Brno, Czech Republic, by Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

2. Bungalow
A bungalow is a type of single-story house
that originated in India.
In America a bungalow describes a medium to
large sized freestanding house on a big block
in the suburbs, with generally less formal floor
plan than a villa.
Some rooms in a bungalow typically have
doors which link them together.
Bungalows may feature a flat roof.
Today, in Britain and North America a
bungalow is a residential house, normally
detached, which is either single story, or has a
second story built into a sloping roof.
While the concept of a bungalow is simple,
there are a number of variations types and
styles of bungalows.

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

3. Mansion
A Mansion is a very large house, usually of
more than one story, on a very large block of
land.
U.S. define a mansion as a dwelling of over
(740 m2).
A traditional European mansion was defined
as a house which contained a ballroom and
tens of bedrooms.
In the past, it was fashionable for the elite
society of Europe to follow from country
home to country home, so unfortified country
houses displaced castles.
Until World War II it was not unusual for a
moderately sized mansion in England such as
Cliveden to have an indoor staff of 20 and an
outside staff of the same size.
The 19th century saw particularly in the United
States a new type of mansion being built,
often smaller than the older European
mansions.

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

4. Cottage
A Cottage is a small house.
In the U.S. a cottage typically has four main
rooms, two either side of a central corridor.
In Australia, it is common for a cottage to have
a verandah across its front.
A cottage is a modest dwelling, typically in a
rural, or semi-rural location (although there
are cottage-style dwellings in cities).
often located near a body of water. However,
this is more commonly called a "cabin in North
America.
Most buildings known as cottages are used for
weekend or summer getaways by city
dwellers.

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

5. Townhouse
A townhouse was historically in the United
Kingdom, Ireland and in many other countries,
a residence of a member of the aristocracy in
the capital or major city.
Most such figures owned one or more country
houses in which they lived for much of the
year.
During the social season (when major balls
and drawing rooms took place), and when
parliament was in session, peers and their
servants moved to live in their townhouse in
the capital.
In North America and Australia, the term
townhouse is also commonly used to refer to
what is known as terraced housing in Britain

Leinster House, 18th century Dublin

townhouse of the Duke of Leinster.
It is now the seat of parliament.

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

6. Courtyard house
A courtyard house is a type of large house where the main part of the building is
disposed around a central courtyard.
The main rooms often open onto the courtyard, and the exterior walls may be
windowless and semi-fortified.
Courtyard houses of this type occupy an intermediate position between a castle or
fortress.
Courtyard houses have been built in many
regions and eras, including the earliest Chinese
dynasties.
Courtyard houses are also common in Islamic
architecture, where the interior space was
important, not the outside. Part of the house is
separated for females
In Ancient Roman architecture courtyard houses
were built around an atrium.
Another type of courtyard house was built by the
landowners in England in the late Middle Ages
and the Tudor period.

HOUSING TYPES
A) free-standing or single family detached dwellings

7. Core housing
A Core housing is defined as any formally built
house that is incomplete at the time of
occupation.
It is normally designed so that it can be
completed by the inhabitant.
It is a sort of Housing Through Resident
Participation (Sites and services projects)
Site and Services is an approach to bringing
shelter within the economic reach of the poor.
In the 1970s, large-scale projects which needed
to deal expeditiously with many thousands or
even hundreds of thousands of people at one,
had little ability to look at the very complex reality
of how people, and small groups of people,
organized themselves in real life.

Assignment- 2
Cooperative housing project analyses