Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Mass is a sacrifice
2. Reaffirmation of the Vulgate (canon of the Bible)
3. New ministerial orders (Jesuits)
5. Classical and Radical Reformation
a. Classical: German (Lutheran) and Swiss (Reformed Calvin)
reformation
b. Radical
i. Anabaptist;
1. Meaning of the word = re Baptist (called by
other reformers and Catholic Church), but they
dont call themselves like that because they
consider that do only one baptism
2. Menonites come from the Anabaptist, they are a
pacific church now
ii. Enthusiasts; They emphasized the Holy Spirit and said
that the inner word (what the Spirit tells you) is more
important than the written word, then sacraments
were no necessary, because they had a close and
direct relation with god.
1. Thomas Munzer; was one of these radical
theologians and believes in visions from the
people. He was one of the first ones that
criticized Luther on Baptism, he said that
baptism is only in the movement of the spirit
(inner) but not important the outside water.
iii. Anti- Trinitarian;
iv. Characteristics:
1. Mistrust against state and against state church.
2. Strictness in moral questions
3. Mystical idea of inner light
4. They claimed to be communities of real saints
(no dance, drink, etc). They become a really
exclusive group.
5. Baptism of adults
6. Charismatic and Pentecostal movements
a. Origins in the West USA; Assemblies of God, Church of God,
etc.
b. Asuza street experience; William Seymor (L.A. 1908), he was
afroamerican pastor, at that time was not aloud as a black
American to attend school, nevertheless they leave the door
open for him to listen he experienced tongues experience.
c. Characteristics as empowerment;
i. Mission
ii. Life as a saints
iii. Fight the enemy
d. Importance in eschatology
10.
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b.
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h.
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j.
k.
l.
11.
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Islam
99 names for God
i. Allah means God; from the one who we com and to the
one we go. His name never finishes when we say it
Principles
i. Believe in God
ii. In angels
iii. Demons
iv. God chose prophets, messengers to send them to
humanity
5 main prophets
i. noah
ii. Abraham
iii. Moses
iv. Jesus (name that comes more than Mohamed)
v. Mohamed (refer to Jesus as his brother)
Islam believes in predestination
We are living by thinking and acting
Prostination; to put the head to the floor to God but not to do
it to other humans.
2.5% of the income is for the poor directly
Ramadan
i. To understand hungriness from others and be thankful
ii. To clean their body
They teach humility; to kill ego and live in equality
Coran most be read in the context to be interpretade like the
Bible is during the exegesis and hermeneutics process. Not
literal interpretation that leads to fundamentalist actions.
Two principles;
i. Freedom of Believe
ii. Protection of human being
Believe in the Torah and Gospel say the Coran
Budhism
They dont have god
Buda was a prince
i. He got into a process of suffering
ii. Then he realize through meditation we can find the
light
4 truths
i. Suffering
ii. Origin of Suffering
iii. End of surrering
iv. The way or path
27 level of paradises
i. The last 4 (24-27) are the highest
e.
f.
g.
h.
ii. The lowest ones are in touch with humans and they
protect the Buddha
3 seals
i. everything is not permanent
ii. there is no soul
iii. nirvana is peace
they talk about new life but not call it reincarnation
8 steps to the path
i. Perfect Vision
ii. Perfecto Emotion
iii. Perfect Speech
iv. Integral Action
v. Proper livelihood
vi. Complete Effort
vii. Complete Awareness
viii. Holistic Samadhi (Meditation absortion of mind)
Justice and peace; karma, action and result. And there is the
teaching of compassion.
Panel II
1. WCC work and with other fellowships from global
communions, regional ecumenical and national
2. From Christendom to World Christianity
a. Christendom = theocracies (where the center of Christianity
was)
b. World Christianity
i. Geographical perspective
ii. Spiritual perspective
iii. Theological Landscape
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