Topic : Bombay Blood Type

General purpose : To inform the audience about the Bombay Blood

Type

Specific purpose : To inform the audience about the existence of the

fifth blood type and that is the Bombay Blood Type

Central Idea : Bombay Blood type is rare type of blood that does
not belong to any four type of blood

Introduction

As everyone already knows, there are four common types of blood

groups which are the A, B, AB and O type of blood.
However, not many know that there is actually another type of blood
that exists, and this blood type does not belong to any of the ABO
blood type.
This other type of blood is called as Bombay Blood, and today I would
like to share with everyone on where was this blood as found, why it
happens and consequences of having this type of blood.

Transition: Let me first explain how and where exactly this Bombay
Blood Type was discovered.

Body

Bombay Blood Type is considered as a rare type of blood by the

scientist since it does not belong to any of the ABO type

According to R.S Balgir in his book “Book of Detection of a Rare Blood

Group Bombay”, this blood was first discovered among three
unrelated individuals in Mumbay, India in 1952 by Dr. Y.M
Bhende and his colleagues
Henceforth, this blood type was known as Bombay Blood.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) it is present in
about .0004% of the human population generally, though in
some places such as Mumbai local populations can have
occurrences in as much as .01% of inhabitants.
Which means it is observed to be occurred only in 1 out of every
250,000 people while in India the probability of its occurrence is
1 out of 7600 people.
Each of the different ABO blood types has one similarity which they
have an H antigen however Bombay Blood does not contain any of it.

This Antigen is formed from the word antibody generator which

scientifically defined as any molecule that binds specifically to
an antibody, which means antigen is any substance that causes
humans immune system to produce antibodies
The H antigen is important because it will be transform by enzymes
into A or B antigen so that people with A, B and AB blood types
can receive other type of blood.
James S. O’Donnel in his book “Bombay Phenotype is associated with
Reduced Plasma VWF level” says that people with Bombay
blood are having mutation of H genes which causing the
production of an inactive enzyme that is incapable of producing
H antigen
In other words, they have the abilities to donor their blood to others
however they do not have the abilities to accept blood from
other type.

Transition: Next, let me explain the consequences of having this blood

type.

The absence of H antigen causes people with Bombay blood to

produce antibodies against H, A and B antigens

Which means that they can only receive blood donation from other
people with the same Bombay blood type
Receiving blood transfusion from the ABO blood group can be fatal
since the antibodies of the Bombay blood react to the red blood
cells of the donor and causes cell death.

Conclusion

Some geneticists believe that the high number of Bombay blood group
people in India is the result of consanguineous marriage among the
member of a caste class.
In India, higher caste class allows consanguineous marriage to
maintain their position in the society and to protect their health.
So, avoid those causes so that you would not be having this kind of
blood