GFMU SERIES

GEL
GFMU SERIES

No.1,Shengyang Road,Qufu City,Shandong

Province,273100,P.R.China
Tel:0086-537-4438666-6028
Fax:0086-537-4411936
E-mail:sales@sacredsun.cn

Security Instruction ..............................................................................................................01

Chapter One Product Introduction

1. Product Characteristics ...................................................................................................02

Please read these instructions carefully in order to make correct, safe, and effective operation. This
manual provides you with very important installation and operation guidelines, which will guarantee
your equipment an optimal performance and longer service life.
For your safety,please do not open battery by yourself, only professionals shall be allowed to
open and maintain the battery;
Due to battery be potential harmful to the environment and health,battery shall be replaced by

2. Main Applications..............................................................................................................04

manufacturers service center.If there is need to replace and maintain,please contact after-sale

3. Battery Structure...............................................................................................................04

service center.

4. Type and Dimensions .......................................................................................................05

Used battery is recyclable, and improper disposal of battery may be great harmful to the

5. Working Principle..............................................................................................................08

environment and health.So,used battery shall be proper disposed following relative regulations
and law or shall be returned to our company for disposal.

Chapter Two Technical Characteristics

1. Discharge Characteristic Curve and Discharge Data ......................................................10

Please choose the batteries of the same model for replacement, and batteries produced by
different manufacturers shall be strictly forbidden for connecting in one system.

2. Charge Characteristic Curve ...........................................................................................11

3. Discharge Data ................................................................................................................12
4. Internal Resistance and Short Circuit Current .................................................................15

Notices

Chapter Three Operation and maintenance

1. Parameters .......................................................................................................................16
2. Factors Influencing capacity ............................................................................................18
3. Temperature VS battery capacity ....................................................................................19

Warning

Electricity shock

Protecting eyes

With adults custody

No short circuit

No flame and spark

Recycled

Proper disposal

Read instructions

UL certificate

4. Temperature and Floating Charge Voltage/Equalizing Charge Voltagey .........................20

5. Temperature and Battery Service Life ..............................................................................21
6. Charge Requirement ........................................................................................................22
7. Storage .............................................................................................................................23
8. Maintenance .....................................................................................................................24

01

Security Instruction

contents

Security Instruction

Product Introduction

02

Product Characteristics
Basic Characteristics
GFM-C battery adopt super thin glass mat AGM separator, poor electrolyte design, there is gas
passway between positive and negative plate, during charge process, the oxygen generated on
positive plate reaches negative plate through the pores of separator recombined into water, gas
recombination is achieved. Grid is made of multielement lead-clacium without antimony special
alloy, separator out of hydrogen is restrained, thus achieve no water loss.So,during the whole
battery operation period,there is no need to add water and acid.
Sealing reaction efficiency could be more than 99%,no acid fog escape,no corrision to
equipment,battery could be installed together with equipments.
Low self-discharge rate,optimize alloy formula,adopt high purity raw and subsidiary material,
clean production environment,ensure low self-discharge rate,month average self-discharge
1%.
Compact structure,good shock proof performance,high specific energy.
Long service life
Positive grid adopt high-tin-low-ca multielement alloy,crystal nucleus more equal than normal tinca alloy, crystal particle connected tightly, preventing crystal boundary corrosion.
Patent international advanced primary and secondary grid structure design,current distributing in
grid will be more equal and reasonable.
Positive plate solidity adopt high temperature and humidity technic, form long life 4BS structure.
Special assembling equipment,achieve plate sets assembled tightly, ensure the excellent cycle
application performance.
GFM-C series batteries positive and negative plate adopt optimize design,the design life is 15
years for 2V batteries, normal floationg charge application life is 10 years;the design life is 10
years for 6V and 12V batteries,normal floating charge application life is 6~8 years.
Reliable sealing technology
Safety valve adopt Patent labyrinth type,two-layer and explosion-proof acid filter valve design,the
valve will open automatically for decompression when battery inner pressure reach a certain
value, and the valve will close when battery inner pressure come back to normal level, acid filter
in valve preventing acid fog escape and preventing out flame in when depression.

GFM-C series batteries terminal sealing adopt patent multi-layer design, resist mechanism
impact,resist high temperature aging, improving acid corrosion endurance performance, prolong
acid leakage track,ensure sealing reliability during battery service life.
Batteries could endure 80kPa inner pressure without any abnormity.
Good consistency
For suring battery capacity and floating charge voltage consistency,during plate production,cell
assembling and finished products test,one homogenization procedure added in each
process,open circuit voltage variance for 2V batteries is 10mV,and for 6V/12V batteries
25/50mV. Thus ensuring battery quality consistency.
Good large current discharge performance
With radial grid structure and special active material formula improving large current discharge
performance and charge accptance ability,be suitable for large current discharge application
demand.
Copper insert terminal structure design with low resistance is good for large current discharge
application.
Convenient installation
Batteries are connected by tinning copper core multistrand soft cable or short circuit proof tinning
red copper bar.Connecting is convenient and the voltage loss is small.
Applicable for wide temperature range
Special electrolyte formula and special active substance formula,enhance good high
and low temperature performance,battery could be used in a wide temperature range as
-15~+45,and the recommended application temperature range is 255.

03

Product Introduction

Chapter One Product Introduction

Product Introduction

04

Telecommunication exchange and transmission system;

Type and Dimensions

05

2V series

Mobile telecommunication system

Data and TV signal transmission system

M - XXXX

Power generation station power transmission and substation

Power direct current system
UPS/EPS

Update code
Rated capacity at C10
Sealed

Battery Structure

Valve regulated
Stationary

GFM-500C for Example

6V/12Vseries
X

M - XXXX

Rated capacity at C10

Sealed
Valve regulated
stationary
Cell numb er

Product Introduction

Main Applications

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

GFM-300C
GFM-400C
GFM-500C
GFM-600C
GFM-800C
GFM-1000C
GFM-1200C
GFM-1500C
GFM-2000C
GFM-3000C

12

12

12

12

3GFM-200

6GFM-80

6GFM-100

6GFM-150

6GFM-200

(V)

Rated Voltage

GFM-200C

Battery Type

GFM-100C

(V)

Rated Voltage

200

150

100

80

200

2250

341

341

341

338

338

338

348.5

348.5

348.5

348.5

348.5

205

Height

259

203

173

172

170

Width

228

228

222

215.5

211

Height

Dimensions (mm)

346

342

341

175

173

173

175

174

174

174

174

65

Width

237.5

237.5

231

223

240

Height

Total

351

351

351

347

347

347

357.5

357.5

357.5

357.5

357.5

213

Height

Total

Product Introduction

497

115
153

497

84

114

407

56

329

375

115

47.6

Longth

C1
End voltage
1.75V/cell

629

76.5

60.9

153

C3
End voltage
1.80V/cell

1650

433

1100
1500

318

825

1125

510

430

350

252

213.5

175

660

550

440

330

275

220

141

98.5

110
165

172.5

Longth

57

C1
End voltage
1.75V/cell

900

750

600

450

375

300

225

150

78

C3
End voltage
1.80V/cell

Rated Capacity (Ah)

End voltage
1.80V/cell

C10

3000

2000

1500

1200

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

C10
End voltage
1.80V/cell

Dimensions (mm)

70

53.6

36.5

29.3

33

(kg)

Weight

174

118

86.5

71.5

59.5

49

36

30

24

19

13.5

5.3

Weight
(kg)

06

Battery Type

Rated Capacity (Ah)

Product Introduction
Table 1-1 GFM-C(2V) series battery type and dimensions
Table 1-2 GFM(6V/12V) series battery type and dimensions

07

Working Principle

08

Gas recombination illustration

The electrochemical reaction of batteries in charge and discharge process as follows:

09

PbSO4 + 2H2O + PbSO4

Charge

In the final stage of charge process, active substance in positive plate transformed to lead
dioxide,negative plate has not reached fully charged stage,the process of active substance in
negative plate transformed to spongy lead has not finished, oxygen gas generated in positive
plate reaches the negative palte through separator pores and reacts active substance in negative
plate,resulting depolarized state in negative plate, and restraining the generation of hydrogen.
The working principle of electrochemical reaction to realize sealing as follows:
The reaction in positive plate (oxygen generated)
1 2H2O

O2+4H++4e
Move to the surface of negative plate through the separator

The reaction in negative plate (oxygen absorbed)

2

2Pb+O2

2PbO+2H2SO4

2PbO (oxygen reacts with spongy lead)

+

2PbSO4+4H +4e

2PbSO4+2H2O (PbO reacts with electrolyte)

2Pb+2H2SO4 (PbSO4 reduction)

The whole reaction in the negative plate is:

The final production returns to

: O2+4H++4e=2H2O

, and recycles like this.

In general, in charging process oxygen gas generated in positive plate could quickly reach the
negative plate and recombine into water through react with active substance in negative plate,
no gas escape and water loss, achieving the sealing.

Product Introduction

Product Introduction

Discharge
PbO2 +2H2SO4 + Pb

Discharge Characteristic Curve and Discharge Data

Figure 2-2 is the battery charge characteristic curves with constant voltage of 2.35V / cell, limited

The battery capacity is directly related to the discharge current, end voltage and discharge

current of 0.1C10 A,Charge the battery for 25 hours after fully discharged battery and the charged
capacity can be as high as the 104% of the discharged capacity.

temperature. In general,the smaller discharge current, the lower end voltage, the higher temperature
will cause larger discharge capacity.Figure 2-1 is the discharge curves of GFM-C Series at different
discharge rate at ambient temperature 25.Table 2-2 and 2-3 is constant current discharge data,
customers could choose battery accordingly.

Figure 2-1 Discharge characteristic curve under different discharge rates(25)

Time(h)

Table 2-1 GFM-C series battery end voltage at different discharge rate(25)

Discharge Rate (A)

End Voltage (V)

I0.01C10

1.95

0.01C10<I0.05C10

1.90

0.05C10<I0.09C10

1.85

0.09C10<I0.25C10

1.80

0.25C10<I0.55C10

1.75

0.55C10<I0.65C10

1.65

Figure 2-2 Charge characteristic curve

11

Technical Characteristics

Charge Characteristic Curve

Voltage(V/Cell)

Technical Characteristics

10

Chapter Two Technical Characteristics

186

232

349

1005
930

1527
1395
1220
1071
5min

1.70V
1.75V
1.80V
GFM-1000C

5230
4575
4016

1.70V
1.75V
1.80V

6300
5727

5min

GFM-3000C
1.60V

2677

1.80V

1.65V

3486
3050

1.70V
1.75V

4200

5min
3818

2008

1.80V
GFM-2000C
1.60V

1744

2615
2287

1.70V
1.75V

1.65V

1884

2864

1.65V

3487

3767

4090

4457

4867

10min

2325

2512

2727

2971

3245

10min

2045

2228

2433

10min

5min
3150

1.60V

1395

1507

1636

1783

1947

10min

1363

GFM-1500C

1830
1606

1.75V
1.80V

2291

2520

1.60V

2092

5min
1.65V

1162

1339

1.80V
GFM-1200C

1.70V

1256

1743
1525

1.70V
1.75V

1622
1486

2100
1909

1.60V
1.65V

10min

1091

1189

1298

10min

697

1.65V

803

1.80V

818
753

5min

915

1680

1046

1.70V
1.75V

891

1.60V

1145

1.65V

973

10min

581

628

682

743

811

10min

545

GFM-800C

5min
1260

669

1.80V
1.60V

762

1.75V
GFM-600C

955
872

1.65V
1.70V

1050

1.60V

465

535
5min

1.80V
GFM-500C

502

697
610

1.70V
1.75V

649
594

840
764

1.60V

10min

409

1.65V

402
5min

1.80V
GFM-400C

377

523
457

1.70V
1.75V

487
446

630
573

1.60V

10min

273

1.65V

268
5min

1.80V
GFM-300C

251

349
305

1.70V
1.75V

324
297

420
382

1.60V

10min

206

219

1.65V

242
5min

1.80V

282
264

1.70V
1.75V
GFM-200C

196

299

1.65V

232

318

10min

5min

1.60V

3060

3242

3443

3722

4027

15min

2040

2161

2295

2481

2685

15min

1530

1621

1721

1861

2014

15min

1224

1297

1377

1489

1611

15min

1020

1081

1148

1241

1342

15min

816

864

918

993

1074

15min

612

648

689

744

805

15min

510

540

574

620

671

15min

408

432

459

496

537

15min

306

324

344

372

403

15min

204

216

230

248

268

15min

137

143

150

159

169

15min

2735

2868

3009

3230

3467

2276

2364

2447

2596

2752

30min

1517

1576

1631

1731

1834

30min

1138

1182

1223

1298

1376

30min

910

946

979

1038

1101

30min

759

788

816

865

917

30min

607

630

653

692

734

30min

455

473

489

519

550

30min

379

394

408

433

459

30min

303

315

326

346

367

30min

228

236

245

260

275

30min

152

158

163

173

183

30min

83.9

86.8

89.6

94.5

99.7

30min

1571

1650

1660

1710

1740

1hour

1048

1100

1107

1140

1160

1hour

786

825

830

855

870

1hour

629

660

664

684

696

1hour

524

550

553

570

580

1hour

419

440

443

456

464

1hour

314

330

332

342

348

1hour

262

275

277

285

290

1hour

210

220

221

228

232

1hour

157

165

166

171

174

1hour

105

110

111

114

116

1hour

56.0

57.0

58.0

59.0

60.0

1hour

1003

1027

1046

1065

1084

2hour

669

685

697

710

722

2hour

502

514

523

533

542

2hour

401

411

418

426

433

2hour

334

342

349

355

361

2hour

268

274

279

284

289

2hour

201

205

209

213

217

2hour

167

171

174

178

181

2hour

134

137

139

142

144

2hour

100

103

105

107

108

2hour

66.9

68.5

69.7

71.0

72.2

2hour

34.9

35.7

36.4

37.0

37.6

2hour

86.0

750

764

777

788

799

3hour

510

516

523

529

535

5hour

340

344
500

349
509

352

357

5hour

255

258

261

264

268

5hour

204

206

209

211

214

5hour

170

172

174

176

178

5hour

136

138

139

141

143

5hour

102

103

105

106

107

5hour

518

525

533

3hour

375

382

388

394

400

3hour

300

306

311

315

320

3hour

250

255

259

263

266

3hour

200

204

207

210

213

3hour

150

153

155

158

160

3hour

85.0

127
125

87.1

88.1

89.2

5hour

68.0

68.8

69.7

70.5

71.3

5hour

51.0

51.6

52.3

52.9

53.5

5hour

34.0

34.4

34.9

35.2

35.7

5hour

17.0

17.2

17.4

17.6

17.8

5hour

129

131

133

3hour

100

102

104

105

107

3hour

75.0

76.4

77.7

78.8

79.9

3hour

50.0

50.9

51.8

52.5

53.3

3hour

26.0

26.5

26.9

27.3

27.6

3hour

445

451

456

461

466

6hour

297

300

304

307

310

6hour

222

225

228

230

233

6hour

178

180

183

184

186

6hour

148

150

152

154

155

6hour

119

120

122

123

124

6hour

89.0

90.1

91.3

92.2

93.1

6hour

74.1

75.1

76.1

76.8

77.6

6hour

59.3

60.1

60.8

61.4

62.1

6hour

44.5

45.1

45.6

46.1

46.6

6hour

29.7

30.0

30.4

30.7

31.0

6hour

14.8

15.0

15.2

15.4

15.5

6hour

356

360

363

366

370

8hour

237

240

242

244

247

8hour

178

180

182

183

185

8hour

142

144

145

147

148

8hour

119

120

121

122

123

8hour

94.9

95.9

96.9

97.7

98.7

8hour

71.1

71.9

72.6

73.3

74.0

8hour

59.3

59.9

60.5

61.1

61.7

8hour

47.4

48.0

48.4

48.9

49.4

8hour

35.6

36.0

36.3

36.6

37.0

8hour

23.7

24.0

24.2

24.4

24.7

8hour

11.9

12.0

12.1

12.2

12.3

8hour

300

302

304

307

309

10hour

200

201

203

204

206

10hour

150

151

152

153

155

10hour

120

121

122

123

124

10hour

100

101

101

102

103

10hour

80.0

80.5

81.1

81.7

82.4

10hour

60.0

60.4

60.8

61.3

61.8

10hour

50.0

50.3

50.7

51.1

51.5

10hour

40.0

40.3

40.5

40.9

41.2

10hour

30.0

30.2

30.4

30.7

30.9

10hour

20.0

20.1

20.3

20.4

20.6

10hour

10.0

10.1

10.15

10.2

10.3

10hour

Technical Characteristics

20min

1824

1912

2006

2153

2311

20min

1368

1434

1505

1615

1733

20min

1094

1147

1204

1292

1387

20min

912

956

1003

1077

1156

20min

729

765

802

861

924

20min

547

574

602

646

693

20min

456

478

502

538

578

20min

365

382

401

431

462

20min

274

287

301

323

347

20min

182

191

201

215

231

20min

111

115

120

128

136

20min

129

130

131

131

132

24hour

85.9

86.5

87.1

87.6

88.2

24hour

64.4

64.9

65.3

65.7

66.1

24hour

51.5

51.9

52.3

52.6

52.9

24hour

43.0

43.3

43.5

43.8

44.1

24hour

34.4

34.6

34.8

35.1

35.3

24hour

25.8

26.0

26.1

26.3

26.5

24hour

21.5

21.6

21.8

21.9

22.0

24hour

17.2

17.3

17.4

17.5

17.6

24hour

12.9

13.0

13.1

13.1

13.2

24hour

8.59

8.65

8.71

8.76

8.82

24hour

4.30

4.33

4.35

4.38

4.41

24hour

12

GFM-100C

Technical Characteristics
Discharge Data
Table 2-2 GFM-C(2V) Battery Constant Current Discharge Data Sheet (Amperes, 25 )

13

357.3
330.7

437.3
410.7
5min
251.0

1.75V
1.80V
6GFM-80
1.60V

404.0

165.0
153.0

215.0
195.0
5min
307.0

1.75V
1.80V
6GFM-100
1.60V

181.0

187.0
182.0

268.0
248.0

252.0
232.0
5min
453.0
408.0
378.0
328.0
308.0
5min
604.0
544.0
504.0
437.3
410.7

1.75V
1.80V
6GFM-150
1.60V
1.65V
1.70V
1.75V
1.80V
6GFM-200
1.60V
1.65V
1.70V
1.75V
1.80V

212.0

330.7

357.3

377.3

404.0

437.3

10min

283.0

303.0

328.0

10min

192.0

282.0
262.0

1.65V
1.70V

233.0

10min

175.0

241.0
229.0

1.65V
1.70V

185.0

10min

377.3

544.0
504.0

437.3

1.65V

604.0

1.60V

10min

1.70V

5min

277.3

297.3

317.3

333.3

350.7

15min

208.0

223.0

238.0

250.0

263.0

15min

151.0

160.0

169.0

178.0

185.0

15min

122.0

128.0

133.0

138.0

142.0

15min

277.3

297.3

317.3

333.3

350.7

15min

145.0
220.7
214.0
207.3
200.7
194.0

303.3
295.3
287.3
274.0
247.3

150.0

205.0
30min

155.0

215.0
185.0

160.0

221.0

20min

165.0

227.0

94.0

132.0
89.0

98.0

30min

102.0

150.0
142.0
120.0

106.0

157.0

20min

75.3
30min

99.0

78.1

105.0
20min

81.1
80.0

113.0

81.9

116.0
110.0

185.0
30min

246.0

194.0

260.0
20min

207.5
200.7

285.0

214.0

295.0
273.0

30min

20min

110.0

115.0

119.0

123.3

127.3

1hour

82.5

84.0

85.5

90.5

95.5

1hour

55.0

56.0

58.0

60.0

62.0

1hour

46.4

47.6

48.8

49.3

49.4

1hour

110.0

115.0

117.0

122.7

127.3

1hour

62.0

64.7

67.3

70.0

72.7

51.0

51.6

52.1

53.1

54.0

38.0
3hour

46.5

38.7

39.1

39.8

40.5

2hour

48.5

50.5

52.5

54.5

25.5
3hour

29.0

25.8

26.1

26.5

27.0

2hour

30.0

31.0

33.0

35.0

20.3
3hour

28.1

20.6

20.9

21.2

21.6

3hour

2hour

28.6

28.9

29.1

29.2

2hour

51

51.6

64.90
62.00

53.1
52.1

70.00

54.0

72.00
67.50

3hour

2hour

20.7
20.5
20.3
20.0

24.6
24.3
23.9
23.7

33.1
32.0
30.8
29.6

35.5
34.2
33.3

20.9

25.2

35.5

36.0
34.9

15.0
10hour

17.8
8hour

15.3

18.2

22.0

24.0

21.5

15.5

18.5

22.5

25.0

6hour

15.7

18.8

23.0

26.0

23.0

15.9

19.1

23.5

27.0

5hour

10.0
10hour

11.9
8hour

14.8
6hour

15.5

10.2

12.1

15.2

16.1
5hour

10.4
10.3

12.6
12.3

15.8
15.5

17.1

10.5

13.0

16.1

17.5
16.6

8.00
10hour

9.60
8hour

11.9
6hour

12.8

8.20

9.84

12.6

13.3
5hour

8.40
8.30

10.32
10.08

13.7
13.4

14.1

8.50

10.56

14.1

14.4
13.7

20.0
10hour

23.6
8hour

29.6
6hour

33.30

20.5

23.8

30.8

34.20
5hour

20.8
20.7

24.5
24.2

33.1
32.0

35.50

20.9

25.1

35.5

36.00
34.90

10hour

8hour

6hour

5hour

The internal resistance is dynamic nolinear parameter, it continuously varies with the temperature,

charge state and service duration. The internal resistance is the lowest when the battery is fully

the internal resistance is measured by HIOKI 3551 BATTERY HITESTER resistance tester at an

ambient temperature of 255, in the fully charged state.

Table 2-4 The internal resistance and short-circuit current (25 )

Battery Type
Reference
Internal Resistance(m)
Short Circuit
Current(A)
Battery Type
Reference
Internal Resistance(m)
Short Circuit
Current(A)

GFM-100C
0.65
2700
3GFM-200
1.5
4000

GFM-200C
0.50
3100
6GFM-80
6.2
1935

GFM-300C
0.43
3900
6GFM-100
5.0
2400

GFM-400C
0.36
4900
6GFM-150
3.8
3150

GFM-500C
0.34
5200
6GFM-200
2.9
4120

GFM-600C
0.36
6000

GFM-800C
0.19
7200

GFM-1000C
0.17
8600

GFM-1200C
0.18
9900

GFM-1500C
0.18
11500

GFM-2000C
0.10
13400

GFM-3000C
0.09
20000

Technical Characteristics

8.60

8.66

8.70

8.76

8.82

24hour

6.5

6.6

6.65

6.7

6.75

24hour

4.31

4.35

4.37

4.39

4.42

24hour

3.47

3.49

3.51

3.53

3.56

24hour

8.60

8.66

8.70

8.76

8.82

24hour

14

3GFM-200

Technical Characteristics
Table 2-3 GFM (6V/12V) Battery Constant Current Discharge Data Sheet (Amperes, 25 )

Internal Resistance and Short Circuit Current

15

charged.Table 2-4 present the internal resistance and short circuit current of the battery which

Chapter Three Operation and maintenance

Table 3-2 GFM-100C/3GFM/6GFM batteries switching power supply parameters recommended

setting table (48V system)

16

GFM-C series batteries could be used in ambient temperature of -15~+45,and the

recommended operation temperature is 255,higher or lower temperature will shorten battery
service life.

Operation and maintenance

Table 3-1 GFM-200-3000C batteries switching power supply parameters recommended setting
table (48V system)

I type
power supply

II type
power supply

III type
power supply

IV type
power supply

Floating charge voltage (V)

54.48

54.48

54.48

54.48

Equalizing charge voltage (V)

57.6

57.6

57.6

57.6

Charge current limitation (A/group)

0.10C10

0.10C10

0.15C10

0.20C10

High voltage alarm voltage(V)

59

59

59

59

Low voltage alarm voltage(V)

46.8

46.8

46.8

46.8

45

45

45

46

Low voltage load disconnect-LVLD

(V)
Low voltage battery disconnect-LVBD
(V)

44

44

45

45

Parameter type

I type
power supply

II type
power supply

Floating charge voltage (V)

54.0

54.0

54.0

54.0

Equalizing charge voltage (V)

56.4

56.4

56.4

56.4

Charge current limitation (A/group)

0.10C10

0.15C10

0.15C10

0.15C10

The battery protection voltage(V)

43.2

43.2

43.2

43.2

High voltage alarm voltage(V)

57

57

57

57

Reset voltage(V)

50

50

50

50

Low voltage alarm voltage(V)

47

47

47

47

49.2

49.2

49.5

50.0

45

45

45

46

0.5

1.0

1.0

0.5

Low voltage load disconnect-LVLD

(V)
Low voltage battery disconnect-LVBD
(V)

44

44

45

45

15%C10

15%C10

10%C10

The battery protection voltage(V)

43.2

43.2

43.2

43.2

Reset voltage(V)

50

50

50

50

Discharging voltage
as the conditions(V)
Discharging time as
the conditions(h)

48.5

48.5

49.2

49.2

0.5

1.0

1.0

0.5

Discharging capacity
as the conditions(Ah)
Initial charging current
as the conditions(A)

15%C10

15%C10

10%C10

10

11

12

IV type
power supply

Parameter type

NO.

condition of
starting
equalizing
charge
(fulfill one of
the conditions)

III type
power supply

NO.

12

0.05C10

0.05C10

0.05C10

0.05C10

180

90

60

30

Equalizing charge time

Condition of as the conditions(h)
ending
The charge coefficient
equalizing
as the condition
charge(fulfill
The equalizing charge
one of the
tail current as the
conditions)
condition(A)

10

15

15

20

1.03

1.05

1.05

1.07

0.01C10

0.01C10

-3.5

-3.5

-3.5

-3.5

56.16

56.16

56.16

56.16

0.005C10

0.005C10

Temperature
compensation

13

11

5%C 10

Equalizing charging period(day)

coefficient(mV/ /cell)
(Reference
temperature:25 )
High limited voltage
Temperature of floating charging
temperature
compensation
compensation(V)
Low limited voltage
of floating charging
temperature
compensation(V)

10

Discharging voltage
as the conditions(V)
Discharging time as
the conditions(h)

condition of
starting
equalizing
charge
Discharging capacity
(fulfill one of as the conditions(Ah)
the conditions) Initial charging current
as the conditions(A)
Equalizing charging period(day)
Equalizing charge time
Condition of as the conditions(h)
ending
The charge coefficient
equalizing
as the condition
charge(fulfill
The equalizing charge
one of the
tail current as the
conditions)
condition(A)

0.05C10

0.05C10

0.05C10

5%C 10
0.05C10

180

90

60

30

10

15

15

20

1.05~1.10

1.05~1.10

1.10~1.15

1.10~1.15

0.01C10

0.01C10

0.005C10

0.005C10

-3.5

-3.5

-3.5

-3.5

56.88

56.88

56.88

56.88

52.80

52.80

52.80

52.80

Temperature
compensation

13

coefficient(mV/ /cell)
(Reference
temperature:25 )
High limited voltage
Temperature of floating charging
temperature
compensation
compensation(V)
Low limited voltage
of floating charging
temperature
compensation(V)

The floating charge voltage,equalizing charge voltage showing in Table 3-1,3-2 is the setting data
under ambient temperature of 25 ,for parameter at other temperature please refer to Table 3-3.
According the communication state power supply condition, line introduction and operation sate,

52.32

52.32

52.32

52.32

the city power supply can be divided into four types; divided conditions shall meet the following requirements:

17

Operation and maintenance

Parameters

supply is stable and reliable. The two lines should not appear at the same time the outage, the monthly

Operation and maintenance

18

Temperature VS battery capacity

average interruption frequency should not be more than 1 times, the average of each fault time should

Temperature affect battery capacity.Figure 3-1 is capacity(C10) and temperature curve,for example,

not be grater than 0.5h. The two supply lines should be automatically input device of standby power supply.

temperature fall from 25 to 0, capacity will be 80% of rated capacity, meanwhile, low

II Type power supply: supply line allows the planned maintenance outage, the monthly average

temperature will cause long term charge shortage,negative plate will be vitriolization,finally,there will

interruption frequency should not be more than 3.5 times, the average of each fault time should not

be not any capacity.If discharge temperature is not 25,you could convert the capacity to C 25

be more than 6h. The power supply shall meet the one of the following conditions requirements:

according to following formula.

Introduction one supply line from stable ring network, the ring network formed by two or more
independent power supply.

Introduction one supply line from one stable and reliable independent power supply or one
stable and reliable transmission line.

III Type power supply: Introduction one supply line from one power supply, power supply line long,
many users, the monthly average interruption frequency should not be more than 4.5 times, the
average of each fault time should not be more than 8h.
IV Type power supply: The power supply shall meet the one of the following conditions requirements:
1

Introduction one supply line from one power supply, the supply line regular power failure, the
power supply not ensure, not up to requirements of III type power supply.

A long time seasonal power failure or no power available.

The voltage in table 3-1,3-2 is the setting data under 48V system switching power supply, other
voltage system please refer to the above table corresponding adjustment.

In formula:T-Discharge temperature
C T-Capacity at temperature of T
k-Temperature coefficient
k=0.006/ at C10 discharge
k=0.008/ at C3 discharge
k=0.01/ at C1 discharge
Along wit h temperatur e ris e,batte ry ca pa city will be larger among ce rtain range,fo r
example,temperature rise from 25to 35,capacity will be about 105% of rated capacity,but
temperature continue rise, capacity rise will be slow,finally, capacity will maintain no change.
Figure 3-1 GFM-C series battery discharge capacity and temperature curve

Factors Influencing capacity

Quantity of electricity battery discharge under certain condition is called battery capacity,symbol is
C ,normal unit is Ampere Hour,in short is Ah.Usually discharge rate is indicated through the suffix
of C ,such as C10 means capacity at 10 hours discharge rate. C 3 means capacity at 3 hours
discharge rate.
Battery capactiy contains rated capacity and actual capacity,for GFM-C series battery rated capacity
please refer to Table 1-1 and Table 1-2.Actual capacity is fact quantity of electricity battery discharge
under certain condition,it equal to discharge current multiply discharge time,unit is Ah.
The battery capacity is directly related to the discharge current, end voltage and discharge
temperature. In general,the smaller discharge current, the lower end voltage, the higher temperature
will cause larger discharge capacity.

19

Operation and maintenance

I Type power supply: Introduction of each supply line from two independent power supply, the power

Temperature and Battery Service Life

Choose suitable floating charge voltage is for reaching perfect service life and rated capacity,if

Higher temperature will speed up the battery grid corrosion and water loss, thus greatly shorten the

floating charge voltage is over high,floating current will be large accordingly,that will enhance plate

battery life, when the temperature is over 25, the service life of the battery will be shortened by

corrosion speed and battery water loss,then shorten battery service life;if floating charge voltage

half as the temperature increasing by 10, shown in Figure 3-2 .

is over low,battery can not maintain fully charged state,irreversible vitriolization will be caused
easy,capacity reduced accordingly,then shorten battery service life as well.
Floa tin g c harg e ap plica tio n,ch arge v olt age co uld be adjust ed a c c ordin g to ambient

temperature,temperature compensation coefficient is -3.5mV//cell.The same way to adjust

equalizing charge voltage.Please refer to Table 3-3.The floating voltage, equalizing voltage at
different temperature are calculated as following formula:

In formula: VTFloating/Equalizing voltage at temperature of T,V/cell;

V25 Floating/Equalizing voltage at 25,V/cell;
KTemperature coefficient,mV/ /cell;
TEnvironment temperature, .
Table 3-3 Voltage Setting at Different Temperature
GFM-200C~3000C

GFM-100C/3GFM/6GFM

Temperature()

Floating
Charge Voltage
(V/cell)

Equalizing Charge
Voltage
(V/cell)

Floating
Charge Voltage
(V/cell)

Equalizing Charge
Voltage
(V/cell)

2.34

2.44

2.37

2.49

10

2.30

2.40

2.32

2.45

20

2.27

2.37

2.29

2.42

25

2.25

2.35

2.27

2.40

30

2.23

2.33

2.25

2.38

35

2.22

2.32

2.24

2.37

40

2.20

2.30

2.22

2.35

45

2.18

2.28

2.20

2.33

Figure 3-2 GFM-C series battery service life and temperature curve

21

Operation and maintenance

Operation and maintenance

20

Temperature and Floating Charge Voltage/Equalizing Charge

Voltage

Operation and maintenance

22

Table 3-4 Required charge time in different depth of discharge

Depth of discharge(%)

Equalizing Charge and Supplementary Charge

Equalizing charge or supplementary charge is needed in the following cases:

20

After finish installation,before the battery system is put into operation, the battery bank should
be supplementary charged.

50

Running in full-floating operation for three months, or when there are more than two batteries
with voltage of lower than 2.18V.
The battery is out of work beyond 3 months.
Recommended charge method as follows:

80

100

Using the constant current 0.1C10 A~0.15C10 A charging the battery group to the battery average

Charge current of constant

current charge(A)

Time for changing

constant current charge
to constant voltage
charge(h)

Charge voltage of
constant voltage
charge(V)

Charge time(h)

0.10C10

1.6

2.35

12

0.15C10

1.2

2.35

10

0.10C10

4.3

2.35

18

0.15C10

3.3

2.35

16

0.10C10

6.8

2.35

20

0.15C10

5.5

2.35

18

0.10C10

8.7

2.35

24

0.15C10

6.8

2.35

22

voltage reach to equalizing voltage, then switch to using the constant equalizing voltage charging

The above charging time, voltage is under ambient temperature of 25 ,charging voltage should be

the battery, the equalizing charging time is generally 10-20h.

adjusted according temperature compensation coefficient.

After equalizing charging, for still lower than 2.18V/cell battery, should be using 0.1C10A
discharge 3-4h,and then equalizing charge.

Floating charge
Floating operation is the best operation condition for battery. In floating operation, the battery

Recharge

keep fully charged state,under this condition,battery could reach the longest service life.

Recharge the battery immediately after complete or partial discharge according to the below

temperature as shown in Table 3-3.

For floating operation, the charge voltage should be suitable adjusted according to ambient

method:
Using the constant current 0.1C10 A~0.15C10 A charging the battery group to the battery average
voltage reach to equalizing voltage, then switch to using the constant equalizing voltage charging
the battery until the end of battery fully charged. Using the above method charging, the fully
charged marks can use any of the following two conditions as the basis of adjustment:

Storage
The battery can be stored at -10~45 before installation; the storage time shall not exceed 6

Different depth of discharge, the battery fully charged time refer to table 3-4.

months and 3 months at -10~30 and 31~45 respectively. Battery that has been stored for a

At the constant voltage condition, the charging current value is invariable in continuous three

long time shall be charged and the longest storage time should not exceed 18 months.

hours at the end of charging.

Under special conditions, the battery should be fully charged asap, may be appropriate to increase

The battery should be stored in clean, ventilate, and dry environment with dustproof, moisture

the charging current:GFM-200~3000C batteries:limited current 0.18C10 A,

strictly prohibited.

GFM-100C/3GFM/6GFM batteries: limited current 0.2C10A.

The used battery shall be charged fully before storage, then store the battery following the storage

proof, anti-collision and other protective measures. To place the battery in closed containers is

requirements.

23

Operation and maintenance

Charge Requirement

Maintenance

Operation and maintenance

24

maintenance methods are recommended as follows.

Maintenance notes
Please use insulated tools when operation and maintenance,any metal objects to be put on
top of the battery shall be strictly prohibited;

Monthly Maintenance
Keep the battery space clean.
Measure and record the ambient temperature of the battery-room and battery container
temperature.

Please do not use any organic solvent to clean batteries;

Please do not take down safety valve or add any substance into battery
Please do not smoke or set out fire near batteries.
Please keep battery fully charged within 24 hours after discharge,avoid capacity affected
Check whether safety valve twisted tightly or not,but please do not take down it.

Check battery cleanliness,terminal damage and heating track,container and lid damage and

Stored battery performance could be in degeneration,please put the battery in operation early.

over heating track.

Only professionals shall be allowed to maintain the battery

Check battery and battery rack connection,spring mat and bolts connected tight or not,input
terminal heating or not,connected terminal between layer heating or not.
Check the container sealing,leakage/potential leakage or not in terminal,valve and container
position.
Check charge temperature compensation function in normal or not,parameters setting
correct or not,equalizing charge voltage,floating charge voltage period and other parameters
reasonable setting or not.
Measure and record the total voltage and floating current of the battery system.
Quarterly Maintenance
Repeat every item of monthly inspection.
Measure and record the floating voltage of each on-line battery. After temperature
emendation,if more two batteries with a voltage of lower than 2.18V, the battery system needs
equalizing charge.If the problem is not solved,go on annually maintenance even three yearly
maintemance items.All the above methods fail,please contact our after-sale service center.
Annually Maintenance
Repeat every item of quarterly maintenance and inspection.
Check weather the battery beyond service expiry or not.
Perform a discharge test to check the exact load every year, discharge 30%-40% of the rated
capacity.

25

Operation and maintenance

To ensure the performance of battery, the battery should be correctly inspected and maintained. The