DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAL OPERATED WATER PUMP

Atul P.Ganorkar1 , K.S.Zakiuddin2, H.A.Hussain3

1, 3, Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Anjuman College Of Engineering And Technology, Nagpur 440001
2, Department Of Mechanical Engineering .Head & Dean, P.C.E.T.
apganorkar@rediffmail.com.

Abstract: The socio-economic conditions of peoples

living in villages of developing countries including
India, human muscle power can be good alternative
to fulfill the energy requirements for performing
many activities like water pumping. Pedaling is the
most efficient way of utilizing power from human
muscles. Keeping these things in mind a pedal
operated water pump can be is developed. The
machine system comprised of three subsystems
namely (1) Energy Unit : Comprising of a suitable
peddling mechanism, speed rise gear pair and
Flywheel conceptualized as Human Powered
Flywheel Motor (HPFM) (2) Suitable torsionally
flexible clutch and torque amplification gear pair and
(3) a water pump unit. Though human capacity is
0.1hp continuous duty, the processes needing power
even upto 6.0 hp can be energised by such a machine
concept. This is a water pump which is run by
rotating the pedal of a cycle.
Keywords: Pedal power, Flywheel,
Literature review:
A tillu water pump of small capacity 4m
lift and 1m3/10 minutes has been operated by such a
Human Powered Flywheel Motor . In 5/6
energisiation of flywheel this much quantity of
water is lifted through 4m height[1]. Patent related
to water lifting with pedal powered reciprocating
pump is cited out. The concept is very useful for low
head irrigation purposes for small farmers.this
invention relates to water distribution systems,and
more particularly,to distribute systems powered by
human power[2]. An attempt has been made to
develop a manually operated centrifugal jet pump
that can also be easily coupled to either a single/pair
of animals. The pump can lift water from a water
table even at a depth of 16.8 m. The pump can lift
water to a height of 15.2 m provided that it is yoked
to an animal. This pump can offset the need to dig a
hole into the ground and fix a conventional
centrifugal pump (donkey pump) for lifting
groundwater[3]. Traditional water lifting devices
like Don, Swing basket has long been used in our
country and those are low cost and simple in
operation. They are inefficient and are not capable
of lifting water when suction head is more than one
meter. Other water lifting devices like treadle pump,

rower pump, wheel pump, diaphragm pump, blower

pump etc are still not popular due to their low
efficiencies and discharges, short service-lives, high
frictional losses and also due to the mechanical
troubles. Usually these devices are very laborious to
operate and the operators suffer from various health
hazards. Nobody can work at much over 1/5th hp for
very long time. According to the survey report,
many users of these devices complain about their
health problem like muscle pain, reduced body
weight, weakness and fever.
So the user demands to get a better
technology, which requires less manual power and
mechanical troubles. Hence to make the existing
techniques more user-friendly and uncomplicated
more intensive studies are required.
2. Types of Manually Energized
Machines
There are three types of Manually
Energized machines [4].
Type 1 : Power demand far in excess of continuous
duty human capacity of 0.13 hp. This needs flywheel
and hence H.P.F.M. Possible applications could be
water lifting, bricks making, threshing, food grains
crushing, Chaff cutting etc.
Type 2 : Power demand same as that of human
capacity continuous duty. Possible applications
could be winnowing, wood strips cutting, algae
manufacturing etc.
Type 3 : Power requirement same as that
of human capacity but cyclic speed fluctuations are
not desired. A small fly wheel is desired in such
cases.
3.Development of Human Powered Pump:
Standard bicycle gearing components can
be assembled with a flexible coupling to create an
inexpensive human powered flywheel power unit.
As the user pedals, power is stored in the flywheel.
The flywheel axle is connected to a transmission
transfer gear that turns a transmission input gear for
a transmission with multiple gears. The power
generated by the process of pedaling the bicycle is
used to lift the water and push the water from a
pipe into the farm for cultivation. Useful for
pumping water from rivers, ponds, wells and
similar water sources. The farmers can use this to

pump water for irrigation. When the flywheel is not

being sped up, it idles. It can maintain a verynearly constant speed for a long time, because the
losses (equivalent to friction) in the bearings are
very small. It is sped up to its idling speed, it very
slowly loses speed over some period of time, and
then it is sped up to idling speed again
The suggested machine system uses human energy
achieved by pedaling and stores this energy in a
flywheel at an energy-input rate convenient to the
pedaler. After storing the maximum possible energy
in the flywheel (pedaling time could be 1-2 minutes)
the same can be made available for the actuation of
any process unit by making available the energy
stored in the flywheel through a suitable coupling
and torque- amplification if needed. Thus the
flywheel will decelerate depending on the actual
resisting torque offered by the process. It implies
that the pedaler does not pedal while the flywheel is
supplying energy to the process-unit.
4. Product development methodology:

figure 2 present the change in optimum rate of

pedaling with different power inputs.
Most blenders use between 600-1500
watts of energy, which clearly shows that besides
burning calories, pedal power can significantly
contribute to reducing energy bills. Pedal power
can provide energy to the following operations:
meat grindrer, wood carver, stone polisher and
buffer, jewelers lathe, pottery wheel, juicer, potato
peeler, meat slicer, cherry pitter,a butter churn
and many
more
items[4].
6. Necessity of experimental data based models
The main parameters of this subsystem, namely
bicycle drive mechanism, speed rise ratio
between small chain wheel shaft and flywheel
shaft and mass moment of inertia of the flywheel
will be decided based on intuition and easy
availability of componets.it was not known
about the optimum choices to achieve any one of
the below stated objective functions.
1. To get maximum angular velocity of the flywheel
at the end of stipulated pedaling time.
2. To get maximum energy stored in the flywheel at
the flywheel at the end of stipulated peddling
time.
3. to achieve maximum efficiency of conversion of
human muscular energy into rotational kinetic
energy of the flywheel.
Such optimization is possible provided
the mathematical models amongst these
parameters are established. It is highly
improbable to evolve such models adapting total
theoretical approach of applying one or more of
basic balances of mechanics,viz(1)force
balance(2) momentum balance(3) energy
balance(4) mass balance[6].this is so because the
phenomenon of energy conversion in this case of
man machine system is highly complex for
applying these balances,. Hence an approach of
methodology of experimentation [7] will adapt
to evolve generalized experimental model for
this man-machine system.

Identifying the customer and their needs

Creating device specification

Designing sub-systems

Manufacturing a proff-of-concept device

Testing and evaluation

5. Energy output and uses for pedal power

The circular pedaling motion at speeds of 60-80
revolutions per minute and transmitting power by
sprocket and chain mechanisms and ball bearing
can convert about 95% of muscle energy of bicycle
[4].by pedaling, a person can produce four times
more energy than by hand movements. Torque is
produced from the operators feet and is transferred
to a sprocket and chain that ranges from one third
of the maximum torque produced. The use of
stationary bicycle, flywheel, elliptical sprocket and
gear ratios can minimize torque and increase the
amount of generated energy. According to the tests
done at oxford university, an average bike rider
travels at speed of 12 mph.ths speed can produce
1/10 hp. speeds of 18 mph can produce hp. at a
rate of hp, the human body can pedal
continuously for 10 min, but at a rate of 1/8 hp,
continuous pedaling can last up to one hour [4].the

In this approach all independent

parameters are varied experimental over widest
possible range and the response data is
measured. Based on this experimental data the
analytical relationship amongst independent and
dependent established. Thus, the desired
generalized experimental model is established.
this will revealed the optimum values of the
independent parameters to achieve various above
stared objective functions.
7.

Identification of the dependent

independent parameters of the system

and

promote awareness of the belief that human energy

is an untapped resource can aid in solving societys
escalating energy crisis.
References
1]. A. R. Bapat et all, Low Head Water Lifting
using Human Powered flywheel Motor, Paper
Reading Meeting, Institute of Engineers, India,
Nagpur Center (India), Dec. 2000.
2]. United states patent. Patent number 5,772,405.
Water system with pedal powered reciprocating
pump.
3].J.K. Sial, M. Amjad, A. Shafi and M. A. Khan
Development of Deep Well Jet Pump for
OrchardsPakistan Journal of Water Resources,
Vol.9(1) January-June 2005/ 38
4] J. P. Modak, "Design and Development of
Manually Energised Process Machines having
relevance to Village/ Agriculture and other
Productive Operations HUMAN POWER,
International Journal of Human Powered Vehicle
Association USA, April 2006, No. 57.
5] Wilson, David Gordon (2010). "Understanding
Pedal Power - Autonopedia." Autonopedia | The
Practical Resource for Sustainable Living.
Autonopedia. Web. 06 Dec. 2010.
6] Robert Resnick and David Halliday, Physics I
and II, Wiley Eastern Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi,
(India), 1992.
7] Schenk H. Jr., Theories of Engineering
Experimentation, McGraw Hill Book. Co., New
York, 1961.
3
/Q,
3
=QN
5
C/H ,
1=Nh

7=
3
9=TpH /Q,

2=G,
6=LS/h,

QPf/wH7,
10=

2
3=G/H ,

4=R/h,

8=QPp/Wh

9. Conclusion
The primary focus of this research project will be
to create equipment with the capability of storing
the energy generated by the users. Our main is to
build a bicycle with a mechanism to convert
mechanical energy created during use and store for
use. We intend to build a device that will harness
and store this enrgy, and use that energy to offset
current energy consumption. The human body has
the potential to create an enormous amount of
energy if we are able to channel it in the right way.
The purpose of our research study is to generate
power through the use of human energy and to

8] K.S.Zakiuddin and J.P.Modak Formulation of

Data Based ANN Model for the human powered
fodder Chopper Journal of Theoretical and
Applied Information Technology, Islamabad
PAKISTAN Vol.15. No.2. Experimentation, Mc
Graw Hill Book Co, New York, p.p 60-81.
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Dimensional analysis, Theories of Engineering.
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Engineering. WileyVCH, Weinheim, 2002.
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Modeling. McGraw-Hill, New York,1997.
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Intermediate Asymptotics. Cambridge University
Press,
Cambridge,
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