SOLAR

THERMAL
B Kamath AGM (REDG) CC
31.01.2013

SOLAR ENERGY IN INDIA

POTENTIAL

20 MW per Km2

INSTALLED CAPACITY
(June 10)

12.28 MW

INSTALLED CAPACITY
(Jan 2013)

1000 MW +

SOLAR POWER DENSITY MAP

Proven

Under
Under demo
commercialization

Proven

Under demo Under

commercialization

Direct Normal Irradiance

Diffused Radiation

Global

Solar PV

DNI

Solar thermal &

Concentrated PV

Units

kWhr / m2 /year
kWhr / m2 / day

Global Radiation

Solar Thermal Technologies

(based on output temperature)

Low

(<1000C)

1. Flat Plate
2. Solar Chimney
3. Solar Pond

Medium

(1000C

4000C)

1. Parabolic
Trough
2.Linear Fresnel

High

(> 4000C)

1. Dish with
a. Power Cycle
b. Sterling Engine
2. Solar Tower
Heliostat

SUNPATH
AFTERNOON

MORNING

Parabolic Trough Technology

!
"
#

$
()

%&'
*'+

Nevada Solar Power Plant

,- .
/*0'

-''

Andasol Solar Power Plant

Location

Andalucia, Spain

Nominal Electrical
Power

49.9 MW

Receiver Technology

Parabolic Solar
Trough

Thermal Storage

Molten Salt

Storage Capacity

7.5 Hr reserve

Ground Area

494 Acre
(10 Acre/ MW)

Cost

14.3 million
Appx. Rs 950 Cr

P.L.F.

40.94%

Annual Electricity
Production

179 GWHr (out of

which 12 % Gas cofiring)

Receiver

Heliostats

Process - Solar Tower Technology

2

(
"

* $
"
% $
"
- $

0 $

"

Receivers

Heliostats

Solar Tower Technology

Power Tower (also known as 'central
tower') use an array of flat, moveable
mirrors (called Heliostats) to focus the
sun's rays upon a collector tower (the
receiver).
A heat transfer medium (molten salt
or saturated steam) is heated up to
about 600 deg C.
Molten salt is composed of a mixture
of 60% sodium nitrate and 40%
potassium nitrate for the desired
temperature range.
Operating Temperature 565 Deg C
Peak Efficiency - 23%

eSolars 5 MW SIERRA PROJECT

Engine

Paraboloid Dish Technology

Key Technology Indices
Max
Temperature

300 C (d)
800 C (p)

Overall
15% (d)
Efficiency
21% (p)
Maximum
Thermal Storage
[Hrs]
3 Hrs (d)
Status of
Technology
d: Demonstrated
p: Predicted

HiTeks 14 m2 dish prototype

Australian National Univ 400 m2 dish

High Temp-High
Efficiency
Demo Plant
Bergermann Solar dish

!
Name

Country

Location

Technology

Capacity
in MW

Solar Energy Generating

Systems

USA

Mojave desert
California

Parabolic
trough

354

Nevada Solar One

USA

Las Vegas,
Nevada

Parabolic
trough

64

Andasol Solar Power

Station

Spain

Granada

Parabolic
trough

2 X 50

Puertollano Photovoltaic
Park

Spain

Puertollano
Ciudad Real

Parabolic
trough

50

Alvarado I

Spain

Badajoz

Parabolic
trough

50

Extresol I

Spain

Torre de Miguel
Sesmero

Parabolic
trough

50

Solnova

Spain

Seville

Parabolic
trough

50

PS 10 & PS20

Spain

Seville

Solar power
tower

20

"#!

#$%#

Technology

Manufacturers

Solar thermal
(Trough)

Solar Millennium
Abengoa
Solel
Acciona
Sky Fuel
Sener
Abengoa
eSolar
Bright Source

Solar thermal
(Tower)

NTPCs Foray
in
Solar Energy

!'(

&

1001

1000

776

Cumulative MW

800

Phase I = 151 MW

Phase II = 850 MW

600

501

400

251

151
200

76

5
0

2011

2011

2012

2012

2013

2013

2014

2014

Phase I basket 200 MW

Dadri
PV
5 MW

Anta thermal
15 MW
A&N Island
PV 5+1 MW
NTPC sites I
PV 50 MW

Singrauli
thermal
25 MW
Gujarat I
thermal 50 MW
Rajasthan I
thermal 50 MW

2015

2015

2016

2016

2017

2017

Phase II basket 900 MW

Gujarat II
thermal 50 MW

Rajasthan III
thermal 100 MW

Gujarat III
thermal 100 MW

Rajasthan IV
thermal 100 MW

Rajasthan II
thermal 50 MW

Maharastra
thermal 100 MW

Karnataka
thermal 100 MW

Gujarat IV thermal
100 MW

NTPC sites II
PV 50 MW

Punjab
thermal 50 MW

Himachal
Pradesh
PV 50 MW

Uttar Pradesh
thermal 50 MW

!! )&

&

!'
301

350

Cumulative MW

300
250
200

101

150
100
50
0

11
2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

Phase I (2010-14)
Year
Project details

2011-12
Dadri, PV 5 MW
A&N Island, PV 5+1 MW

2012-13
Anta thermal, 15 MW
Singrauli, thermal 25 MW
NTPC sites, PV 50 MW

2013-14
Karnataka, thermal 50 MW
Gujarat, thermal 100 MW
Rajasthan, PV 50 MW

Annual (MW)

11

90

200

Cumulative (MW)

11

101

301

*
Name
NTPC Dadri
NTPC Talcher
NTPC Unchahar
NTPC Faridabad
NTPC Ramagundam
Rajgarh (MP)
Port Blair (A&N)
TOTAL

+%

Est. Capacity in MW
05
10
10
05
10
50
5
95

+%
Name

Estimated
capacity in MW

NTPC Anta

15

NTPC Singrauli
Charanka Gujarat
Morwada Gujarat
Jodhpur Rajasthan
Bikarner Rajasthan
Mannur Karnataka
TOTAL

25
50
50
150
50
100
440

NTPC Dadri
Solar PV 5 MW

Salient Features
Land

20 Acres (app.)

Capacity

5 MW

Location

NTPC Dadri

Solar radiation

5.38 kWh /m2 /day (DNI)

Technology

Crystalline Silicon

Annual Generation

7.26 M.U.

CUF

16.6%

Evacuation

220 kV Switchyard 3 KM

Sale of power

PPA with Orissa

Project completion

09 Months from LoA

Life of Project

25 Years

&

Land 20 Acres

Capacity

5 MW

Solar Radiation (DNI) = 5.76 kWh / m2 / day

Solar PV Plant Location

Dadri Power Plant

Solar PV Plant Location

Port Blair (A&N)

Solar PV 5 MW

&! !

& %

A & N Solar proposed Location

Solar Radiation (DNI) = 5.15 kWh / m2 / day

1 MW

5 MW
Solar Radiation (DNI) = 5.21 kWh / m2 / day

Rangat

A & N Solar proposed Location

Capacity 5 MW

Port Blair air strip

location

Area 22 Acres
5 MW SPV

Solar sites
in Gujarat

/ #+
Proposed sites

Harshad village

Main Road

Morwada village

Soneth village
Solar Radiation (DNI) = 5.65 kWh / m2 / day

/ #+

/ #+
Village Morwada
Area 1140 Acres
50 + 50 MW

/ #+
Village Soneth
Area 1180 Acres
50 + 50 MW

/ #+
Village Harshad
Area 1400 Acres
50 + 50 MW

0#

%
Estimated potential ~ 25 MW

Area 143 Acres

NTPC
Land

NCL
Land

Solar Radiation (DNI) = 5.16 kWh / m2 / day

Identified Site
Area 143 Acres inside bulb
Potential~ 25 MW in MGR bulb

Solar Radiation (DNI)= 5.16 kWh / m2 / day

Identified Site

0#

!!

& %

Solar vision
June 30, 2008
We must pioneer a graduated shift from
economic activity based on fossil fuels to one
based on non fossil fuels
Dr Manmohan Singh
Prime Minister
On Climate Change

TARGETS
Establish India as a global leader in solar energy
Grid parity by 2022 and parity with coal-based
thermal power by 2030
Solar Power generation by 2013

- 1000 MW

Solar Power generation by 2017

- 4000 MW

Solar Power generation by 2022

- 20000 MW

Objective
Bring cost competitiveness w.r.t. fossil
based generation
Drive down solar power costs to
Rs. 4-5 per kWh by 2017-20

Generation

20,000 MW by 2020
100,000 MW by 2030
or 10-12% of total power
estimated for that year

Cost

Grid parity by 2020

Manufacturing 4 - 5 GW by 2017

Phase I of solar deployment (2010-13)

Promotion of solar heating systems
Mandatory solar water heater for hospitals, hotels,
guesthouses & nursing homes
Mandatory deployment of solar roof top or on-site
SPV applications on all Govt. & PSU buildings and
establishments
Promotion of solar applications to meet daytime
peaking power requirements currently being covered
through diesel generators

Phase I of solar deployment (2010-13)

Net metering systems for commercial & industrial

establishments with feed in tariff for excess power

Expansion of solar lighting system in both rural and

urban sector to replace kerosene
Promotion of SPV panels to charge existing inverter

systems in both commercial & residential buildings.

Phase I of solar deployment (2010-13)

Pilot demo projects for
SPV utility scale of different capacities using new
technologies
Establishment of 3-4 large scale solar thermal utility
scale plants (CSP) of 50 MW, 100 MW with storage
and 150-200 MW gas/solar hybrids to demonstrate
technological and economic viability.

Phase I of solar deployment (2010-13)

Pilot demo projects for

Distributed Generation through tail end grid solar

plant
Large scale rural electrification project to validate
business model for (a) stand alone plant for one
village and (b) a cluster of villages (25 kW to 3 MW)
with 11 kV lines where grid already exists

Phase I of solar deployment (2010-13)

Pilot demo projects for

Promotion of model solar cities with solar

street lights, solar water heaters and roof top
systems
Establishment of pilot solar generation park
with PV and thermal plants

Phase I of solar deployment (2010-13)

Promotion of local manufacturing

capacities across the solar value chain
through establishing dedicated solar
manufacturing & technology park

Phase II of solar deployment (2013-17)

Scaling up of validated applications

Rollout of rural electrification business models
Commercial deployment of solar thermal
power plants including with storage
Pilot deployment of next generation
technologies including (i) Dish-Stirling, (ii)
CSP, (iii) Thin Film applications and (iv)
storage systems

Phase II of solar deployment (2013-17)

Promotion of solar lighting & heating

systems on large scale, in the market
mode, without subsidies, but including
micro financing & priority lending
Installed capacity to reach 6-7 GW by
2017

Phase III of solar deployment (2017-22)

Achievement of tariff parity with conventional

grid power
Commercialization of storage technologies
Commercialization of indigenously developed
PV and solar thermal technologies emerging
from R&D programs
Installed capacity to reach 20 GW by 2020
One million rooftop systems with an average
capacity of 3KW by 2020

Utility (grid) power (incl. tail end support) 12000 MW

Rooftop PV (captive & grid connected)

3000 MW

Rural installation (rural grid + stand alone) 3000 MW

Distributed solar power

2000 MW

Solar lighting heating & other applications 20 Mill HH

CO2 emission reduction

= 42 Million
tonnes / year

Kerosene saving by 2020

= 1 billion
litres / year

Fuel oil saving (used for heating) = 350 million

litres / year
Peaking load shaving

= 7500 MW

" #

&

Regulatory / Incentive mechanism

Mission stipulates mandatory solar
power purchase obligation as mandated by
CERC as incentive mechanism for solar
generation
Generation based incentive to partially
offset the burden

" #

&

Fiscal incentive such as tax holiday,

customs duty & excise duty exemption
of capital equipment and critical
material
Interest rate subsidy & favorable loan
repayment for off grid applications

" #

&

As per mission
No capital subsidy or accelerated
depreciation will be available for
power generation programs, except
for solar heating applications and for
rural applications

$ "

"

Tax holiday for 10 years for utility scale small

plants both PV and thermal set up by 2020
Interest Rate subsidy
5 year loan at 2% interest to off grid SPV (5-100
W installed with energy efficient lights)
10 year loan at 2% interest to off grid SPV (100 W
10 kW)

"

"

10 year income tax holiday and no sales tax

Zero import duty on capital equipments, raw
materials & excise duty exemption
Low interest rate loans, priority sector lending
Special Incentive Package (SIP) policy for
integrated manufacturing plants
Single window clearance mechanism for all
related permissions
Creation of 2-3 large solar manuf. park

"'

Govt to map ground insolation in detail, especially in the

high potential solar regions of the country

Expand existing IMD database and strengthen the ongoing

efforts
The detailed data collected shall be published and made
available to the project developers
Strengthen MNRE efforts in efficiency improvement of
existing solar cell technologies, develop new products &
demo solar thermal power projects

"'

Develop Solar Energy Centre (SEC) an autonomous

apex research institute for solar energy
Form a research council for periodical review of
solar energy roadmap
Govt to fund other research institutes for research in
solar field

"'

Financial support to industries to take up performance

linked research in solar field
Support pilot plant to demonstrate viability of new
technology
Fund collaborative research with global institutes & buy
equity in research companies in select countries
Encourage research group from other countries to take up
joint projects

" (

IITs and premier engineering colleges will be involved to

design and develop specialized courses in Solar Energy
with financial assistance from government
A govt fellow program to train 100 selected engineers /
technologists and scientists in solar energy in world class
institutions abroad
Strategic international collaborations and partnerships
will be encouraged

*
Autonomous Solar Energy Authority of India will
be set up
MNRE will provide necessary guidance &
supervision to the authority
Govt. may examine the constitution of Solar
Energy Commission

bkkamath@gmail.com
9650990801