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i.
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tery room and also smoking is strictly prohibited inside the battery room.
There should be at least one exhaust fan of suitable size, fitted in the battery room to keep the atmosphere free from those gases and free from moisture inside the room. The temperature inside the battery room should always be maintained above 10C. The walls, ceilings, doors, window frames,
ventilators, metal parts and other apparatus in the battery room should be
painted with anti-acid coating at regular intervals. The electrical wiring inside
the room should be in metal conduit and lighting fixtures should be flameproof in construction. All the switching elements including electrical fuses
and plug sockets should be installed outside the battery room otherwise
there may be a chance of fire hazard initiated from sparking during switching operation. The floor of the room should be well finished preferably by using ceramic tiles. The floor and walls of the room should be cleaned properly
in regular intervals.
There are some safety measures to be taken during handling storage battery in substation
1. Do not allow the battery to stand idle for long time this may cause inactivation of the battery cells.
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2. Do not charge the battery with very high rate of current because high
rate of charging causes high temperature rise and excessive gassing resulting in heavy loss of water and sometime overflowing of electrolyte
from the battery cells.
4. As already mentioned, the battery cells should be charged gently at normal rate so that there will be no chance of immediate gassing and temperature rise over 40C. Otherwise there may be damage to the battery
cells due to high temperature. During charging of batteries, continuous
monitoring is required, if gassing starts and the temperature reaches the
said limit, reduce the rate of charging. If after reducing the charging rate,
the temperature is still approaching to the limit, it indicates the completion of charging process because even the normal rate of charging may
produce high temperature rise if the battery approaches to the fully
charged condition.
5. The voltage of each of the battery cells should be checked before conclusion of charging and each of the cells are properly and equally charged
and the readings should also be tallied with previous record.
6. If the electrolyte level inside the battery cell comes down, it must be
filled with distilled water up to the level marked on the cell itself. This is
to compensate the loss of water due to evaporation.
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also cause softening the sealing compound on the top cover and subsequent leakage in the battery cell.
8. The specific gravity should be measured after at least two weeks from
topping up to ensure thorough mixing of water in electrolyte.
10. When specific gravity of electrolyte is measured, it should not be forgotten to correct it for temperature. So that, all hydrometer readings will be
referred to same temperature. The hydrometer should be kept clean with
distilled water otherwise the hydrometer will cause incorrect readings and
as well as spoil the quality of electrolyte. The specific gravity of electrolyte must be kept within 1.180 to 1.240. Low value of specific gravity
decreases the capacity of battery and on the other hand high value is
harmful for the battery plates.
11. The substation battery normally operates under floating mode. At floating mode, a constant voltage from the battery charger is applied across
the battery during its normal operation to keep the battery approximately
in fully charged condition. In normal condition the battery charger supplies the substation load and also compensate the losses in the battery.
But in case of heavy demand during simultaneous operation of many
switchgears, the battery and the charger, are combined to supply the demand.
12. During normal floating condition the cell voltage, specific gravity and
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tion of battery as a whole. But the same readings of each and every battery cell should be taken at least once in the month to keep monitored
the conditions of individual cell.
13. The battery should be refilled with fresh electrolyte once in three years
interval to maintain the battery in proper operating conditions.
14. This is should be noted that, the pilot cell of a battery bank is one arbitrarily chosen battery cell which is used to get the information about
overall condition of the battery. But one pilot cell must be fixed for one
month and it should be changed in next month.
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