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Drinking Water and

Sanitation

Situations in Gujarat

Fresh water availability

Uneven water availability in the State


Cum/Capita/annum
India
2,000
Gujarat
1,137
South &
Central Gujarat
1,932
North Gujarat
342
Saurashtra
734
Kutch
875

Problems of Drinking Water


As per Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission Survey 2003-04

Seasonal Scarcity
Salinity

Long coastline (1600


Kms.) & Gulf Salinity
ingress
Hills and Low recharge
Excessive exploitation of
ground water

Nitrate

Recurrent Droughts
Re-emergence of villages
as not covered or partially
covered

Except South Gujarat, paucity of


water in rest of the State
Drinking water scarcity felt in almost
2/3rd part of the State

Fluoride

Drought Prone Areas

Supply Through Railways

Salinity Affected Villages in Saurashtra-Kutch

Problem
Areas

Quality Problems
Supply Through Tankers

Fluorosis,Salinity, Nitrate

Sardar Sarovar Canal Based Drinking Water Supply Project

Drought proofing of Saurashtra, Kachchh, North Gujarat & Panchmahals

Instances of severe Pollution of Rivers, Lakes and Khadis

Present location of sewage disposal May 2011

14

12

No. of local bodies

10

on land

Into surface water bodies

Into ground water bodies

Into other water bodies

Irrigation & other uses

Into oxidation pond

Infrastructure Creation

Sardar Sarovar Dam

Head Works

Infrastructure Creation

Filtration Plant

Pipeline

Sump & ESR

Village Storage

Intake Structure

Pumping Machinery

Systemic innovations for communitization

Large Dia. Pipes

Stand Post

Cell Phone Operated Water Supply


Communication technology is
beneficially used for water supply system
by the villagers.
Easy to switch on/off water supply
system from far away
In Salatpur village, the community
operates pumps from 8 kms away
No requirement to keep operator
Timings of system operation can be
uploaded
Easy to monitor the status of water
supply system

Water Security at
habitation level

Source
development

Water delivery at
household
Water security at
Village level

Water scarcity
Unprotected
sources
19

Elements of Sustainability in Drinking water


The value framework
of Good Governance
Supply
Ensuring
availability of safe
drinking water in
adequate quantity
throughout the
year

Optimising costs
Devising proper
protocol for O&M
Capacity building
of PRIs

Source
Sustainability

System
Sustainability

Social
Sustainability

Financial
Sustainability

Stakeholders
involvement
Equity
Proper project
management

Water safety Plan

Financial mgmt by
PRIs
O&M by PRIs

National Goal

Sanitation

Drinking Water
55% habitation with piped water by 2017
90% habitation with piped water by 2022
80% habitation with water delivery at household
level by 2022

Sanitation (as per Swachh Bharat Mission guidelines)


Swachh Bharat by 2nd October 2019
Community managed sanitation systems focusing on
scientific Solid & Liquid Waste Management systems for
overall cleanliness in the rural areas.

The term sanitation includes


Basic sanitation management of human
faeces at the household level
Food sanitation hygienic measures for
ensuring food safety
Environmental sanitation solid and liquid
waste management, water and wastewater
treatment, industrial waste treatment and
noise and pollution control
Ecological Sanitation recycling the nutrients
from human and animal wastes

Open Defecation is dangerous


Leaching
through
soils

Runoff to
surface
water

Pathogens from
open defecation

Contaminate
groundwater

Seeping
into pits
and low
lying area

Open defecation is dangerous

Quality of Sanitation and Hygiene

The inverse relationship of


Sanitation and Health Expenditure

Cost of maintaining Good Health

Open Defecation
is dangerous

Source: WesNet

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