AE221 Gas dynamics

(2015-16, II Semester)
Tutorial 4
1. A normal shock moves into still air with a velocity of 1,000 m/s. The motionless air is at
101 kPa and 20 C; calculate the following: (a) the velocity of the air flow behind the wave,
(b) the static pressure behind the wave, and (c) the stagnation temperature and pressure
behind the wave.
2. A normal shock traveling at 1,000 m/s into still air at 0 C and 101 kPa reflects from a plane
wall. Determine the velocity of the reflected shock. Compare the pressure ratio across the
reflected shock with that across the incident shock. Find the stagnation pressure that
would be measured by a stationary observer behind the reflected wave.
3. A normal shock moves down a tube with a velocity of 600 m/s into a gas with static
pressure of 50 kPa and static temperature of 300 K. At the end of the tube, a piston is
moving with a velocity of 60 m/s. Calculate the velocity of the reflected wave and the
static pressure behind the reflected wave.
4. A shock tube is to be used to subject an object to momentary conditions of high pressure
and temperature. To provide an adequate measuring time, the tube is to be made long
enough so that a period of 100 ms is provided between the time of passage over the body
of the initial shock and the time of passage of the shock reflected from the closed end
of the tube. The initial pressure ratio across the diaphragm is 400 to 1 (pressure ratio
across the shock wave is 9.29), with the object located 3 m from the diaphragm. The
initial temperature of the air in the shock tube is 35 C. Determine a suitable length for the
low-pressure end of the tube.
5. A projectile moves down a gun barrel with a velocity of 500 m/s. Calculate the velocity of the normal shock that would precede the projectile. Assume the pressure in the
undisturbed air to be 101 kPa and the temperature to be 25 C.
6. A piston in a tube is suddenly accelerated to a velocity of 25 m/s causing a normal shock
to move into air at rest in the tube and at a temperature of 27 C in the tube. One second
later, the piston is suddenly accelerated from 25 to 50 m/s causing a second shock to move
down the tube. How much time will elapse from the initial acceleration of the piston to
the intersection of the two shocks?
7. Air at 100 kPa and 290 K is flowing in a constant- area tube with a velocity of 50 m/s
which is connected to large tank. The length of the tube is 1 m. Suddenly the end of the
tube is closed, which causes a normal shock to propagate back through the airstream. (a)
Find the absolute velocity of this shock and (b) How long it will take for the flow to stop
in the tube.

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