Professional Documents
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Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China, 350002.
2
Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan, 35040.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: habib_ali1417@yahoo.com
Accepted 6th July, 2015
Human health and environment are greatly affected by extensive used of synthetic insecticide, which is why the
alternative way of pesticides, such as botanical pesticide consumption increase with the passage of time to
control of insect pests. The insecticidal impact of Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and
Euclyptus (Eucalyptus globules) leaves extracts were investigated on Diurophous noxia (Hemiptera:
Aphididae). This study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of bio-pesticide instead of synthetic chemicals
against D. noxia. Experimental results showed that the percentage of mortality fluctuate with the fluctuation of
concentration with time intervals and have great impact on the population of D. noxia. Single, doubled and
tripled combinations of leaves extract were tested at two different concentrations (25 and 50%). The results
suggested and concluded that from all the application of single botanicals A. indica give better result as
compared to other single application while application of double combination M. olerifera with A. indica give
significance result instead of other double mixture, meanwhile the triple combination (M. olerifera, A. indica and
E. globules) performed excellent result as the others triple mixtures. The study revealed that combine used of
M. olerifera, A. indica and E. globules leaves extract were very effective against D. noxia and surge as an
alternative way of pesticides instead of synthetic chemicals.
Key words: Wheat aphid, plant extract, mortality, M. olerifera, A. indica, E. globule.
INTRODUCTION
Wheat is the staple food of Pakistan, which is being
used 129 kg per head annually and this crop covers
more than eighty percent of country. In 2008-2009,
wheat were cultivated over an area of 8.459 million
hectares giving 23.03 m. tones production (Zeb et al.,
2011). Wheat is great source of income in the rural
areas of Pakistan and as well as in the world. Yield per
acre of wheat in Pakistan is much lower than the other
wheat growing countries. Many factors contribute to the
low yield of wheat in Pakistan including, method of
cultivation, improper irrigation facilities, low level of soil
fertility
and
particularly insect pest attacks.
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% Mortality =
Source
Blocks
Treatments
Error
Total
DF
2
7
14
23
SS
0.3333
7.625
13
20.958
MS
0.1667
1.0893
0.9286
1.2
0.377
Source
Blocks
Treatments
Error
Total
DF
2
7
14
23
SS
7.5833
1.1667
7.0833
15.833
MS
3.7917
0.1667
0.506
0.3
0.928
313
Figure 1. Mortality of wheat aphids on leafs at the concentration of 25 and 50% solution, each colure of 1st
line indicate the 25% and each colure of 2 nd row indicate the 50% concentration of solution, while different
colors show different time intervals.
Figure 2. Mortality % of wheat aphids on spikes at the concentration of 25 and 50% solution
each colure of 1st line indicate the 25% and each colure of 2 nd row indicate the 50%
concentration of solution, while different colors show different time intervals).
Habib et al.
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