EX NO:6

MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF BUCK AND BOOST CONVERTER

10.11.2014

AIM:
To model and simu late Buck and Boost converters using Simulink software.

SOFTWARE USED:
MATLAB/SIMULINK

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig :6.1 Buck converter circuit diag ram

Fig : 6.2 Boost converter circuit d iagram

THEORY:
The basic operation of the buck converter has the current in an inductor controlled by two switches (usually a M OS
transistor and a diode). In the idealised converter, all the co mponents are considered to be perfect. Specifically, the
switch and the diode have zero voltage drop when on and zero current flow when off and the inductor has zero series
resistance. Further, it is assumed that the input and output voltages do not change over the course of a cycle (this
would imp ly the output capacitance as being infinite).
The conceptual model of the buck converter is best understood in terms of the relat ion between current and voltage
of the inductor. Beginning with the switch open (in the "off" position), the current in the circuit is 0. When the
switch is first closed, the current will begin to increase, and the inductor will produce an opposing voltage across its
terminals in response to the changing current. This voltage drop counteracts the voltage of the source and therefore
reduces the net voltage across the load.
Over time, the rate of change of current decreases, and the voltage across the inductor also then decreases,
increasing the voltage at the load. During this time, the inductor is storing energy in the form of a magnetic field. If
the switch is opened while the current is still changing , then there will always be a voltage drop across the inductor,
so the net voltage at the load will always be less than the input voltage source.When the switch is opened again, the
voltage source will be removed fro m the circuit, and the current will decrease. The changing current will produce a
change in voltage across the inductor, now aiding the source voltage. The stored energy in the inductor's magnetic
field supports current flow through the load. During this time, the inductor is discharging its stored energy into the
rest of the circuit. If the switch is closed again before the inductor fully discharges, the volta ge at the load will
always be greater than zero.

FORMULAE:
BUCK CONVERTER :
The average output voltage is given by,
Vo=

, Vo=D * Vd, Io=

L=
C=
Where Vo= out put voltage

D=Duty cycle

L=Filter inductance

Ts=total time period

C=Filter capacitance

fs=

IL=peak to peak ripple current

Vo =peak to peak ripple voltage

BOOST CONVERTER:
The average output voltage is given by,
Vo =
Io=(1-D)Id
L=
C=
Where, Vo=out put voltage

D=Duty cycle

L=Filter inductance

Ts=total time period

C=Filter capacitance

fs=

IL=peak to peak ripple curren

Vo=peak to peak ripple voltage

DESIGN:
Buck converter:
Consider, Output voltage,Vo =15V
Input voltage=20V

Switching frequency(fs)=500K HZ
Inductor ripple content =30
Output ripple voltage=.01V
Load resistance(R)=10 Oh m
Max power=40W
Fro m the output equation ,Duty cycle D is given by,
D= =.75,

IL=0.8A

L=

=8.75uH

C=

=5.35uF

Boost converter:
Consider, Output voltage,Vo =40 V
Input voltage=20V
Switching frequency(fs)=500K HZ
Maximu m output current =10A
Output ripple voltage=.01 V
Load resistance(R)=10 oh m
Max power=40 W
Duty cycle is given by, D= =.5
IL=.3( )=6
L=
C=

=3.33uH
=29uF

WAVEFORMS:

Fig : 6.3Buck converter waveform

Fig: 6.4 Boost converter waveforms

INFERENCE:
It is to be known that MOSFET can be used for high switching frequency so which is most common ly used
for Buck and Boost converters. The inductor requirement will be less and peak to peak ripple can be min imized,
with the switching frequency .

RESULT:
Hence by using matlab simu lin k, the modelling and simu lation of Buck and Boost converter has been
completed.