Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Low noise
0.9 nV/Hz typical (1.2 nV/Hz maximum) input voltage
noise at 1 kHz
50 nV p-p input voltage noise, 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz
Low distortion
120 dB total harmonic distortion at 20 kHz
Excellent ac characteristics
800 ns settling time to 16 bits (10 V step)
110 MHz gain bandwidth (G = 1000)
8 MHz bandwidth (G = 10)
280 kHz full power bandwidth at 20 V p-p
20 V/s slew rate
Excellent dc precision
80 V maximum input offset voltage
1.0 V/C VOS drift
Specified for 5 V and 15 V power supplies
High output drive current of 50 mA
+IN 3
OUTPUT
VS 4
OFFSET NULL
AD797
TOP VIEW
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD797 is a very low noise, low distortion operational
amplifier ideal for use as a preamplifier. The low noise of
0.9 nV/Hz and low total harmonic distortion of 120 dB at
audio bandwidths give the AD797 the wide dynamic range
necessary for preamps in microphones and mixing consoles.
Furthermore, the AD797s excellent slew rate of 20 V/s and
110 MHz gain bandwidth make it highly suitable for low
frequency ultrasound applications.
The AD797 is also useful in infrared (IR) and sonar imaging
applications, where the widest dynamic range is necessary. The
low distortion and 16-bit settling time of the AD797 make it
ideal for buffering the inputs to - ADCs or the outputs of
high resolution DACs, especially when the device is used in
critical applications such as seismic detection or in spectrum
analyzers. Key features such as a 50 mA output current drive
and the specified power supply voltage range of 5 V to 15 V
make the AD797 an excellent general-purpose amplifier.
APPLICATIONS
Professional audio preamplifiers
IR, CCD, and sonar imaging systems
Spectrum analyzers
Ultrasound preamplifiers
Seismic detectors
- ADC/DAC buffers
THD (dB)
100
0.001
110
0.0003
120
0.0001
THD (%)
90
10
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10M
130
100
300
1k
3k
10k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
30k
100k
300k
00846-003
MEASUREMENT
LIMIT
00846-002
IN 2
DECOMPENSATION
AND DISTORTION
NEUTRALIZATION
7 +VS
OFFSET NULL 1
00846-001
FEATURES
Rev. G
AD797
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
Applications ....................................................................................... 1
Specifications..................................................................................... 3
REVISION HISTORY
9/08Rev. F to Rev. G
10/02Rev. C to Rev. D
1/08Rev. E to Rev. F
Changes to Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................... 5
Change to Equation 1 ..................................................................... 12
Changes to the Noninverting Configuration Section ................ 13
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 19
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 20
7/05Rev. D to Rev. E
Updated Figure 1 Caption ............................................................... 1
Deleted Metallization Photo ........................................................... 6
Changes to Equation 1 ................................................................... 12
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 19
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 20
Rev. G | Page 2 of 20
AD797
SPECIFICATIONS
TA = 25C and VS = 15 V dc, unless otherwise noted.
Table 1.
Parameter
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
Supply
Voltage (V)
5 V, 15 V
Conditions
Min
TMIN to TMAX
Offset Voltage Drift
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
5 V, 15 V
5 V, 15 V
TMIN to TMAX
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Gain Bandwidth Product
3 dB Bandwidth
Full Power Bandwidth1
Slew Rate
Settling Time to 0.0015%
COMMON-MODE REJECTION
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE
Short-Circuit Current
Output Current 3
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
5 V, 15 V
TMIN to TMAX
VOUT = 10 V
RLOAD = 2 k
TMIN to TMAX
RLOAD = 600
TMIN to TMAX
@ 20 kHz 1
15 V
G = 1000
G = 1000 2
G = 10
VOUT = 20 V p-p,
RLOAD = 1 k
RLOAD = 1 k
10 V step
VCM = CMVR
TMIN to TMAX
VS = 5 V to 18 V
TMIN to TMAX
f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz
f = 10 Hz
f = 1 kHz
f = 10 Hz to 1 MHz
f = 1 kHz
1
1
1
1
14,000
15 V
15 V
15 V
15 V
15 V
15 V
5 V, 15 V
RLOAD = 2 k
RLOAD = 600
RLOAD = 600
RLOAD = 1 k, CN = 50 pF,
f = 250 kHz, 3 V rms
RLOAD = 1 k,
f = 20 kHz, 3 V rms
15 V
15 V
15 V
15 V
15 V
15 V
5 V
15 V
15 V
5 V
5 V, 15 V
5 V, 15 V
15 V
15 V
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Input Resistance
Differential
Common Mode
Input Capacitance
Differential 4
Common Mode
Rev. G | Page 3 of 20
AD797A
Typ
25
50
0.2
0.25
0.5
100
120
20
6
15
5
20,000
Max
80
125/180
1.0
1.5
3.0
400
600/700
110
450
8
280
12.5
114
110
114
110
11
2.5
12
11
2.5
30
20
800
130
120
130
120
50
1.7
0.9
1.0
2.0
12
3
13
13
3
80
50
98
120
AD797B
Typ
10
30
0.2
0.25
0.25
80
120
2
20
2
10
2
15
2
7
14,000 20,000
Min
Max
40
60
0.6
0.9
2.0
200
300
110
450
8
MHz
MHz
MHz
kHz
280
12.5
90
20
800
130
120
114
120
50
1.7
0.9
1.0
2.0
12
3
13
13
3
80
50
98
110
120
1200
120
114
120
130
1.2
1.3
11
2.5
12
11
2.5
30
Unit
V
V
V/C
A
A
nA
nA
V/V
V/V
V/V
V/V
V/V
90
V/s
ns
dB
dB
dB
dB
nV p-p
nV/Hz
nV/Hz
V rms
pA/Hz
V
V
V
V
V
mA
mA
dB
110
dB
1200
2.5
1.2
1.2
7.5
100
7.5
100
k
M
20
5
20
5
pF
pF
AD797
Parameter
OUTPUT RESISTANCE
POWER SUPPLY
Operating Range
Quiescent Current
Conditions
AV = 1, f = 1 kHz
Supply
Voltage (V)
Min
AD797A
Typ
Max
3
5
5 V, 15 V
8.2
Rev. G | Page 4 of 20
18
10.5
Min
AD797B
Typ
5
8.2
Max
3
Unit
m
18
10.5
V
mA
AD797
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2.
Parameter
Supply Voltage
Internal Power Dissipation @ 25C1
PDIP
SOIC
Input Voltage
Differential Input Voltage2
Output Short-Circuit Duration
Ratings
18 V
1.3 W (TA 25C)/JA
0.9 W (TA 25C)/JA
VS
0.7 V
Indefinite within
maximum internal
power dissipation
65C to +125C
ESD CAUTION
40C to +85C
300C
JA = 95C/W for the 8-lead PDIP; 155C/W for the 8-lead SOIC.
The AD797 inputs are protected by back-to-back diodes. To achieve low
noise, internal current-limiting resistors are not incorporated into the design
of this amplifier. If the differential input voltage exceeds 0.7 V, the input
current should be limited to less than 25 mA by series protection resistors.
Note, however, that this degrades the low noise performance of the device.
Rev. G | Page 5 of 20
AD797
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
10
10
15
20
15
10
+VOUT
VOUT
10
15
20
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
60
00846-005
20
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
TEMPERATURE (C)
30
140
VS = 15V
20
10
VS = 5
120
100
SOURCE CURRENT
SINK CURRENT
80
60
0
10
100
1k
LOAD RESISTANCE ()
10k
40
60
00846-006
40
40
20
20
40
60
80
100
120
TEMPERATURE (C)
Rev. G | Page 6 of 20
140
00846-009
20
00846-008
00846-007
15
00846-004
20
AD797
+125C
+25C
15
10
20
125
CMR
60
100
40
75
20
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
60
f = 1kHz
RL = 600
G = +10
RL = 600
G = +10
f = 10kHz
NOISE BW = 100kHz
80
VS = 5V
100
10
15
20
120
0.01
0.1
10
Figure 11. Output Voltage vs. Supply Voltage for 0.01% Distortion
00846-014
VS = 15V
00846-011
50
1M
12
150
80
00846-010
PSR
+SUPPLY
PSR
SUPPLY
100
55C
6
175
120
00846-013
10
200
140
11
Figure 14. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) + Noise vs. Output Level
30
1.0
15V SUPPLIES
0.0015%
0.6
0.01%
0.4
RL = 600
20
10
5V SUPPLIES
0
0
10
0
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Rev. G | Page 7 of 20
10M
00846-015
0.2
00846-012
0.8
AD797
110
30
3
SLEW RATE
RISING EDGE
25
100
SLEW RATE
FALLING EDGE
20
90
0
10
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15
60
40
20
20
40
60
80
100
120
80
140
TEMPERATURE (C)
00846-019
GAIN/BANDWIDTH PRODUCT
120
35
00846-016
120
100
160
PHASE MARGIN
60
80
40
60
GAIN
20
40
*RS = 100
WITHOUT
RS*
20
*SEE FIGURE 25.
120
WITH RS*
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10M
100M
100
100
100
OVERCOMPENSATED
150
150
UNDER COMPENSATED
40
20
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
120
140
10
1
WITHOUT CN*
0.1
WITH CN*
00846-018
300
300
60
10k
1k
LOAD RESISTANCE ()
00846-020
1k
140
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Rev. G | Page 8 of 20
1M
00846-021
0
100
80
WITHOUT
RS*
WITH RS*
00846-017
100
AD797
20pF
100
+VS
1k
AD797
3
VIN
VOUT
RS*
AD797
3
VOUT
600
**
VS
*
00846-022
VS
*SEE FIGURE 35.
1s
5V
100
100
90
90
10
0%
00846-023
10
0%
5V
50mV
1s
00846-026
1k
100ns
50mV
100
100
90
90
10
0%
00846-024
10
0%
100ns
00846-027
VIN
**
00846-025
+VS
Rev. G | Page 9 of 20
AD797
500ns
50mV
100
100
90
90
10
0%
00846-028
10
0%
500ns
00846-029
50mV
Rev. G | Page 10 of 20
AD797
THEORY OF OPERATION
The architecture of the AD797 was developed to overcome
inherent limitations in previous amplifier designs. Previous
precision amplifiers used three stages to ensure high open-loop
gain (see Figure 30) at the expense of additional frequency compensation components. Slew rate and settling performance are
usually compromised, and dynamic performance is not adequate
beyond audio frequencies. As can be seen in Figure 30, the first
stage gain is rolled off at high frequencies by the compensation
network. Second stage noise and distortion then appears at the
input and degrade performance. The AD797, on the other hand,
uses a single ultrahigh gain stage to achieve dc as well as dynamic
precision. As shown in the simplified schematic (Figure 31),
Node A, Node B, and Node C track the input voltage, forcing
the operating points of all pairs of devices in the signal path to
match. By exploiting the inherent matching of devices fabricated on
the same IC chip, high open-loop gain, CMRR, PSRR, and low
VOS are guaranteed by pairwise device matching (that is, NPN
to NPN and PNP to PNP), not by an absolute parameter such as
beta and the early voltage.
VOUT
BUFFER
gm
RL
C1
R1
GAIN = gm R1 5 106
VOUT
V IN
C2
where:
gm is the transconductance of Q1 and Q2.
A is the gain of the output stage (~1).
VOUT is voltage at the output.
VIN is differential input voltage.
VOUT
A2
BUFFER
A3
V IN
VOUT
C1
00846-030
GAIN = gm R1 A2 A3
b.
R3
CN
R1
gm
jC
RL
R2
I1
I5
I2
CN
Q4
Q3
Q10
Q7
A
Q1
Q2
IN
Q5
Q6
CC
Q12
VOUT
Q8
Q11
+IN
IN
Q1
C
CURRENT
MIRROR
Q2
VOUT
CC
I6
I7
I4
VSS
00846-031
I1
Q9
+IN
1
I3
I4
00846-032
R1
gm
C
CN
j C N j C j
A
A
a.
gm
AD797
NOISE AND SOURCE IMPEDANCE CONSIDERATIONS
e N total = [e N 2 + 4 kTR S + (i N R S ) 2 ]1 / 2
(1)
The plot in Figure 7 uses a slightly different technique: an FFTbased instrument (Figure 34) is used to generate a 10 Hz brickwall
filter. A low frequency pole at 0.1 Hz is generated with an external
ac coupling capacitor, which is also the instrument being dc coupled.
Several precautions are necessary to attain optimum low
frequency noise performance:
TOTAL NOISE
NOISE (nV/Hz)
10
RESISTOR
NOISE
ONLY
100k
+VS
*
10
100
1000
10000
SOURCE RESISTANCE ()
AD797
3
RS (k)
0 to <1
1 to <10
10 to <100
>100
Recommended Amplifier
AD797
AD743/AD745, OP27/OP37, OP07
AD743/AD745, OP07
AD548, AD549, AD711, AD743/AD745
VOUT
HP 3465
DYNAMIC SIGNAL
ANALYZER
(10Hz)
1.5F
6
VS
*USE THE POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING SHOWN IN FIGURE 35.
00846-034
0.1
00846-033
WIDEBAND NOISE
Due to its single-stage design, the noise of the AD797 is flat
over frequencies from less than 10 Hz to beyond 1 MHz. This
is not true of most dc precision amplifiers, where second-stage
noise contributes to input-referred noise beyond the audio
frequency range. The AD797 offers new levels of performance in
wideband imaging applications. In sampled data systems, where
aliasing of out-of-band noise into the signal band is a problem,
the AD797 outperforms all previously available IC op amps.
Rev. G | Page 12 of 20
AD797
CL
BYPASSING CONSIDERATIONS
Taking full advantage of the very wide bandwidth and dynamic
range capabilities of the AD797 requires some precautions.
First, multiple bypassing is recommended in any precision
application. A 1.0 F to 4.7 F tantalum in parallel with 0.1 F
ceramic bypass capacitors are sufficient in most applications.
When driving heavy loads, a larger demand is placed on the
supply bypassing. In this case, selective use of larger values of
tantalum capacitors and damping of their lead inductance with
small-value (1.1 to 4.7 ) carbon resistors can achieve an
improvement. Figure 35 summarizes power supply bypassing
recommendations.
VS
100
+VS
*
2
0.1F
LOAD
CURRENT
LOAD
CURRENT
00846-035
KELVIN RETURN
USE SHORT
LEAD LENGTHS
(<5mm)
00846-037
4.7F TO 22.0F
KELVIN RETURN
600
1.1 TO 4.7
USE SHORT
LEAD LENGTHS
(<5mm)
VOUT
VS
4.7F
0.1F
CS
VS
OR
AD797
RS
VIN
Low noise preamplification is usually performed in the noninverting mode (Figure 38). For lowest noise, the equivalent
resistance of the feedback network should be as low as possible.
The 30 mA minimum drive current of the AD797 makes it easier
to achieve this. The feedback resistors can be made as low as
possible, with consideration to load drive and power consumption.
CL
VIN
R2
100
AD797
3
RL
600
VOUT
VS
00846-036
AD797
VIN
VOUT
RL
VS
*USE THE POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING SHOWN IN FIGURE 35.
00846-038
+VS
*
R1
Rev. G | Page 13 of 20
R1
1 k
300
33.2
16.5
10
R2
1 k
300
300
316
(G 1) 10
CL
20 pF
10 pF
5 pF
Noise
(Excluding RS)
3.0 nV/Hz
1.8 nV/Hz
1.2 nV/Hz
1.0 nV/Hz
0.98 nV/Hz
AD797
The I-to-V converter is a special case of the follower configuration. When the AD797 is used in an I-to-V converter, for
example as a DAC buffer, the circuit shown in Figure 39 should
be used. The value of CL depends on the DAC, and if CL is greater
than 33 pF, a 100 series resistor is required. A bypassed balancing
resistor (RS and CS) can be included to minimize dc errors.
20pF TO 120pF
100
+VS
*
2
AD797
3
600
RS
VS
00846-039
CS
VOUT
10nF
1nF
100pF
10pF
1pF
10
20pF
1k
200pF
100
+VS
*
1k
VIN
R2
AD797
3
+VS
AD797
VS
*USE THE POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING SHOWN IN FIGURE 35.
VOUT
RL
SETTLING TIME
VS
*USE THE POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING SHOWN IN FIGURE 35.
00846-040
RS
R1
1 k
300
150
R2
1 k
300
1500
VOUT
C1
33
6
*
R1
2
1k
CL
VIN
100
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN
CL
20 pF
10 pF
5 pF
00846-042
IIN
00846-041
R1
Noise
(Excluding RS)
3.0 nV/Hz
1.8 nV/Hz
1.8 nV/Hz
Rev. G | Page 14 of 20
AD797
TO TEKTRONIX
7A26
OSCILLOSCOPE 1M
PREAMP INPUT
SECTION
20pF
4.26k
226
A2
AD829
3
250
6
7
50pF
2
HP2835
2
HP2835
R1
VERROR 5
R2
0.47F
0.47F
AD797
+VS
VIN
VS
1k
1k
a.
100
1k
R1
20pF
1k
C2
A1
AD797
3
6
7
C1
R2
2
51pF
AD797
0.1F
+VS
0.1F
VIN
NOTES
USE CIRCUIT BOARD WITH GROUND PLANE.
VOUT
VS
b.
00846-043
1F
1F
A/B
R1
R2
()
()
909 100
1k
10
10 k 10
Gain
10
100
1000
A
C1
(pF)
0
0
0
C2
(pF)
50
50
50
B
3 dB
BW
6 MHz
1 MHz
110 kHz
C1
(pF)
0
15
33
C2
(pF)
50
33
15
3 dB
BW
6 MHz
1.5 MHz
450 kHz
0.01
80
G = +1000
RL = 600
90
THD (dB)
DISTORTION REDUCTION
0.003
100
0.001
G = +100
RL = 600
0.0003
110
G = +10
RL = 600
120
Rev. G | Page 15 of 20
100
300
1k
THD (%)
3k
10k
30k
100k
0.0001
300k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
00846-045
VIN
00846-044
TEKTRONIX
CALIBRATION
FIXTURE
AD797
90
300
1k
3k
10k
30k
100k
THD (%)
300k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
VOUT
6
4
**
VS
1k
20pF
00846-046
* OPTIONAL
** USE THE POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING
SHOWN IN FIGURE 35.
14
22pF
12
R2
2k
10
+VS
*
+VS
2
AD797
VIN
6
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10M
1k
AD811
VS
649
VOUT
VS
649
Rev. G | Page 16 of 20
00846-049
10
00846-047
WITH
OPTIONAL
50pF CN
AD797
1k
0.0003
0.0001
130
100
**
50pF*
DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT
MEASUREMENT
LIMIT
110
1k
+VS
0.001
120
20pF
1k
WITHOUT
OPTIONAL
50pF CN
100
THD (dB)
0.003
00846-048
60
60
40
70
20
80
100
10k
100k
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0
100M
10M
26.1
7
AD600
VOUT
*
VS = 6Vdc
The low noise and low distortion of the AD797 make it an ideal
choice for professional audio signal processing. An ideal I-to-V
converter for a current output DAC would simply be a resistor
to ground, were it not for the fact that most DACs do not operate
linearly with voltage on their output. Standard practice is to
operate an op amp as an I-to-V converter, creating a virtual
ground at its inverting input. Normally, clock energy and current
steps must be absorbed by the op amp output stage. However, in
the configuration shown in Figure 53, Capacitor CF shunts high
frequency energy to ground while correctly reproducing the
desired output with extremely low THD and IMD.
CL
50pF
100
CF
82pF
100
3k
+VS
*
AD1862
DAC
C1
2000pF
AD797
3
VOUT
10k
VS
+VS
IS
CS
1000pF
AD797
3
+VS
6
VOUT
IN
+IN
VOUT
3
1
4
20k
VOS ADJUST
VS
Rev. G | Page 17 of 20
00846-054
AD797
00846-051
VS
00846-053
VS
00846-050
1k
+VS
VIN
NOISE
50
26.1
AD797
80
VOUT
00846-052
40
100
30
AD797
AD797
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
0.400 (10.16)
0.365 (9.27)
0.355 (9.02)
8
0.280 (7.11)
0.250 (6.35)
0.240 (6.10)
0.100 (2.54)
BSC
0.325 (8.26)
0.310 (7.87)
0.300 (7.62)
0.060 (1.52)
MAX
0.210 (5.33)
MAX
0.015
(0.38)
MIN
0.150 (3.81)
0.130 (3.30)
0.115 (2.92)
SEATING
PLANE
0.022 (0.56)
0.018 (0.46)
0.014 (0.36)
0.195 (4.95)
0.130 (3.30)
0.115 (2.92)
0.015 (0.38)
GAUGE
PLANE
0.430 (10.92)
MAX
0.005 (0.13)
MIN
0.014 (0.36)
0.010 (0.25)
0.008 (0.20)
0.070 (1.78)
0.060 (1.52)
0.045 (1.14)
070606-A
5.00 (0.1968)
4.80 (0.1890)
8
1
5
4
1.27 (0.0500)
BSC
0.25 (0.0098)
0.10 (0.0040)
COPLANARITY
0.10
SEATING
PLANE
6.20 (0.2441)
5.80 (0.2284)
1.75 (0.0688)
1.35 (0.0532)
0.51 (0.0201)
0.31 (0.0122)
0.50 (0.0196)
0.25 (0.0099)
45
8
0
0.25 (0.0098)
0.17 (0.0067)
1.27 (0.0500)
0.40 (0.0157)
Rev. G | Page 18 of 20
012407-A
4.00 (0.1574)
3.80 (0.1497)
AD797
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
AD797AN
AD797ANZ 1
AD797AR
AD797AR-REEL
AD797AR-REEL7
AD797ARZ1
AD797ARZ-REEL1
AD797ARZ-REEL71
AD797BR
AD797BR-REEL
AD797BR-REEL7
AD797BRZ1
AD797BRZ-REEL1
AD797BRZ-REEL71
1
Temperature Range
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
Package Description
8-Lead Plastic Dual In-Line Package [PDIP]
8-Lead Plastic Dual In-Line Package [PDIP]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]
Rev. G | Page 19 of 20
Package Option
N-8
N-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
AD797
NOTES
Rev. G | Page 20 of 20