THE VALUE OF AN ARCHITECT

The Architect creates mans

environment through his

awareness and sensitive
handling of spaces that fit the
scale of human experience.
The resulting quality of the
form-envelope manifested as
a structure or building gives
rise to mans appreciation of
beauty and order in the
physical world

THE PRACTICE OF
ARCHITECTURE
SEPT.19, 1979

THE VALUE OF
AN ARCHITECT
The Architects deliberations
determine how people will be
placed in relationship to one
another, how whole societies
will work, play, eat, sleep,
recreate, travel, worship, or
in short how people will live
in consonance with their
culture and national
aspirations.

THE PRACTICE OF
ARCHITECTURE
THE ARCHITECTS NATIONAL CODE

POSITIVE PERCEPTION
Order

Outline
Identifiable references
Functional forms
Familiarity
Reliability
Cultural identity
Aesthetic objectives
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

FACTORS THAT CONVEY

UNITY
Proximity

Similarity
Closure
Good continuance

Closedness
Symmetry

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST
HIERARCHY

PROPORTION
BALANCE
RHYTHM
CHARACTER
DATUM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST as an adaptation to:

function
anthropometrics
scientific laws and structural requirements
to the natural environment
to economics

to the social order

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF LINE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF LINE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF LINE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF FORM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF MASS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF MASS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF COLOR

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

HIERARCHY
imageability
interest
association
emotional effects
reflecting use and users
reflecting values

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

PROPORTION
Bases:
Natural Material Proportions
Manufactured Proportions
Structural Proportions
Government Ordinances
Traditions

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Material
Proportion
Material Proportions- proportions are
determined by the materials distinct
properties of elasticity, hardness and
durability. Rational proportions are
dictated by their inherent strengths
and weaknesses

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Material
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Material
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Structural Proportions-the sizes and

proportions of structural members
are related to the tasks they
perform. Beam depths, column length,
floor slab thickness are assigned to
ensure building stability

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Structural
Proportion

Shape and
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Manufactured Proportions-the sizes

and proportions of architectural and
structural members are determined
by the commercially available sizes

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Manufactured
Proportion

Proportions determined by prescribed

design guidelines or standards

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Government
Ordinances

PRINCIPLES OF PROPORTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

GOLDEN SECTION

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

GOLDEN SECTION

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

GOLDEN RECTANGLE

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

GOLDEN RECTANGLE

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

REGULATING LINES

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

PRINCIPLES USED IN CLASSICAL

ARCHITECTURE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

PRINCIPLES USED IN CLASSICAL

ARCHITECTURE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CLASSICAL ORDERS

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CLASSICAL ORDERS

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

CLASSICAL ORDERS

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RENAISSANCE THEORIES

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RENAISSANCE THEORIES

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

MODULOR

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

KEN

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

KEN

Traditions
Golden Section
Golden Rectangle
Regulating Lines
Classical Orders
Renaissance
Theories
Modulor
Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Relative Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Absolute
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE
Factors that affect perception of scale
Association with nature

Position in space relative to the object

Experiences
Values
Scalar sequences
Economics

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

PERCEPTION
OF SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

PERCEPTION
OF SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE AND
ANTHROPOMETRICS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE AND
ANTHROPOMETRICS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE AND
CONTEXT

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE AND
CONTEXT

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALAR
EXPERIENCE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE AND
FORM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

URBAN SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

URBAN SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

SCALE & TIME

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

BALANCE
Balance vs.Proportion - Axis
Balance vs. Lack of Contrast - Emphasis

Axis- line established by 2 points in space

about which forms and spaces can be
arranged; regulates movement

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Orientation as a factor of:

Climate
Religion/Culture
Natural views

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Other Axes:
City- Landmarks, monuments, important
buildings, infrastructure
Buildings- Property line, Landscape,
Associated buildings

Interior- Doors and windows, columns and

beams

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Symmetrical Balance (Central)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Symmetrical Balance (Formal)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Symmetrical Balance (Formal)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Symmetrical Balance (Formal)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Symmetrical Balance (Central)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Symmetrical Balance
(Radial)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Unsymmetrical Balance

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Unsymmetrical Balance

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Gravitational Balance

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of LINE TYPES AND

DIRECTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of LINE
TYPES & DIRECTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of LINE
TYPES & DIRECTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of AREAS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of COLOR

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of MASSES

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

RHYTHM of MASSES

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

ACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

ACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

UNACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

UNACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

COLOR
The 3 dimensions of color:
Hue- the color itself

Tonal Value- lightness and

darkness
Chroma or Intensity- brightness of
dullness

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN