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Power Electronics

Phase Control Rectifier


Gaurav Kumar

Principle of Phase Control


Single phase Half wave Control with R
load

Waveforms

Performance Parameters
Average O/P Voltage

The maximum value of output voltage occurs at = 0 ,


Vom = (Vm/2).2 = Vm/

Continued.
Average Load Current ,

RMS value of load voltage (For electric heating and

incandescent lamps)

Continued.
Power delivered to Resistive Load = (RMS load voltage x
RMS load current)
Input Volt Amperes = (rms source voltage x total rms line
current) = Vs . Ior
Input power factor = Power delivered to load/Input VA =
(Vor.Ior)/(Vs.Ior) = (Vor/Vs)
Input displacement factor (DF) or fundamental power factor =
cos (angle between supply voltage and current)
Input current distortion factor (CDF) Ratio of rms value of
fundamental component Is1 of the input current to rms value
of input = Is1/Is

Continued.
Rectification ratio : ratio of DC output power to AC
output power
Also known as rectification efficiency or figure of merit
. In case forward resistance Rd then

Continued.
Form Factor (FF) Ratio of rms value Vor of output voltage to
the dc value of Vo

FF is a measure of shape of output voltage.


Close to unity, better dc output voltage waveform

Continued.
Voltage Ripple Factor (VRF) : Ratio of ripple voltage
to the average output voltage.
Effective or, Ripple value of the ac component of output
voltage is given by

Continued.
Transformer Utilization Factor (TUF) :
Rms secondary voltage and current or, transformer VA
rating

Single phase Half wave Control with


R-L load

Continued.

Continued.

Single phase Half wave Control with


R-L load & Free Wheeling Diode

Continued.

Continued.

Freewheeling diode, by pass or commutating


diode
Two modes are :
Conduction mode
Free wheeling mode

Continued.

Input pf is improved (power delivered to load in both


modes / Input KVA)
Load current waveform is improved
From above, load performance is better
As energy stored in L transferred to R during the
freewheeling period, overall converter efficiency
increases.
Supply current is unidirectional in both cases (dc
pulses) introduces dc component to supply line. This
is undesirable as as it leads to saturation of supply
transformer and harmonics etc

Continued.

Single phase Half wave Control with


R-L-E load

Continued.

Continued.
Firing angle lies :

Full wave Controlled Converters


SCR controlled converters (or rectifiers)
Classification:
According to No of supply phases to input
According to No of load current pulses during one cycle
of source voltage

Continued.

Continued.

Single Phase Full wave Converters

Single Phase Full wave mid point converter (M-2


connection)
Single Phase Full wave Bridge converter (B-2
connection)

Single Phase Full wave mid point converter


(M-2 connection)

Waveforms

Single Phase Full wave Bridge Converter


(B-2 connection)

Waveforms

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