Wildland PPE 16073.2

COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/CD 16073.
2
Date Reference number
8 November
2004
ISO/TC 94 / SC 14 N 147
Supersedes
document
WARNING: This document is not an International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is
subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.
ISO/TC 94 / SC 14 Circulated to P- and O-members, and to technical committees and

organizations in liaison for:
Title
discussion at on
Personal safety -- Protective [venue/date of meeting]
clothing and equipment - Fire-

fighters' personal equipment comments by 7 Febraury 2005
[date]
approval for registration as a DIS in accordance with 2.5.6

of part 1 of the ISO/IEC Directives, by
[date]
(P-members vote only: ballot form attached)

Secretariat SAI(Australia) P-members of the technical committee or subcommittee
concerned have an obligation to vote.
lina.trad@standards.org.au
English title
Wildland Firefighting Personal Protective Equipment –
Requirements and Test Methods
French title
Reference language version: English French Russian
Introductory note
Members are invited to comment on the content of this draft. All comment
should be submitted using the Template N149 comment Sheet for Vote on
16073.2.
If a particular section of his committee draft is of concern to a member body
then SC14 recomends that this be highlighted in the comment form N149.
Comments and votes beyond the close date of 7 February 2005 will not be
accepted.
ISO/CD 16073.2
Wildland Firefighting Personal Protective

Equipment – Requirements and Test Methods
Document type: International Standard

Document subtype: Not applicable
Document stage: Committee Stage
Document language: E
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ISO/CD 16073.2
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ISO/CD 16073.2
Contents Page
1 General
2 Clothing
3 Gloves
4 Helmets
5 Footwear
6 Eyewear
7 Hearing Devices
8 Respirator
9 Fire Hood
10 Compatibility
11 Marking
12 Manufacturer’s Information
Annex A Uncertainty of measurement and result interpretation
Annex B Performing a risk assessment
Annex C Grip test – gloves
Annex D Donning test – gloves
Annex E Assessment of the footwear
Annex F Assessment of the footwear by the wearer
Annex G Thermal stability of helmets and eyewear at

elevated temperatures
Annex ZA-PPE Check list for the verification of the compliance with EC Directive
89/686/EEC
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ISO/CD 16073.2
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of

national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International
Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates
closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the
member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the

member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International
Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 16073 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94,
Personal safety - Protective clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 14, Firefighters
Personal Protective Equipment.
Note: On the publication of ISO 16073, ISO/TC 94/SC 14 plans to withdraw ISO
15384:2003, Protective clothing for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements for wildland firefighting clothing.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
General
1.1 Introduction
This standard provides minimum performance requirements for wildland firefighters

personal protective equipment designed for use for extended periods during wildland
firefighting and associated activities.
Wildland firefighting involves work mostly in summer temperatures, for many hours
during which the firefighter may develop high levels of metabolic heat and as a
consequence, the personal protective equipment is required to be light, flexible and
commensurate with the risks to which the firefighter may be exposed in order to be
effective without introducing heat stress to the wearer.
Firefighters should be familiar in the selection, use, care and maintenance of the
personal protective equipment covered by this standard, including an understanding of
its limitation.
This standard does not cover personal protective equipment for use in risk situations
where personal protective equipment complying with ISO 11613:1999 Protective clothing
for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and performance requirements or ISO
15538:2001 Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements for protective clothing is more suitable, nor does this standard
cover personal protective equipment to protect against chemical, biological or radiation
hazards.
Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict any jurisdiction, purchaser or manufacturer

from exceeding these acceptable performance requirements.
A risk assessment should be undertaken to determine if the personal protective

equipment covered by this standard is suitable for its intended use and the expected
exposure. The risk assessment should be used to determine what types personal
protective equipment is necessary for head, face, hands, body and feet.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
1.2 Scope
This International standard specifies the minimum performance requirements and

methods of test for personal protective equipment covering the body, hands, feet, head,
eyes, hearing and respiratory for wildland firefighting and associated activities and this
personal protective equipment is not intended to provide protection during fire
entrapment. This Standard covers the general design of the personal protective
equipment, the minimum levels of performance for the materials employed and the
methods of test to be used.
This standard does not cover personal protective equipment for use in risk situations
where personal protective equipment complying with ISO 11613:1999 Protective clothing
for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and performance requirements or ISO
15538:2001 Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements for protective clothing with a reflective outer surface is more
suitable, nor does this standard cover personal protective equipment to protect against
chemical, biological or radiation hazards.
This standard supercedes ISO 15384:2003 Protective clothing for firefighters –

Laboratory test methods and performance requirements for wildland firefighting clothing
and ISO 15383:2001 Protective gloves for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements - Type 1 Gloves.
1.3 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this
text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references,
subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply.
However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
Investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative
documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative
document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently
valid International Standards.
CIE 54, Retroreflexion definition and measurement
EN 352:2002, Hearing protectors. Safety requirements and testing
EN 388:2003, Protective gloves against mechanical risks
EN 420:1994, General requirements for gloves
EN 471:1994, High-visibility warning clothing
ISO 6942:2002, Clothing for protection against heat and fire - Evaluation of thermal
behaviour of materials and material assemblies when exposed to a source of radiant
heat
EN ISO 20344:2004, Personal protective equipment - Test methods for footwear
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ISO/CD 16073.2
EN ISO 20345:2004, Safety footwear
EN 50321:2000, Electrically insulating footwear for working on low voltage installations
ISO 139:1973, Textiles. Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 3146:2000, Plastics. Determination of melting behaviour (melting temperature or

melting range) of semi-crystalline polymers by capillary tube and polarizing-microscope
methods
ISO 3175-1:1998, Textiles. Dry-cleaning and finishing. Part 1: Method for assessing the
cleanability of textiles and garments
ISO 3758:1991, Textiles. Care labeling code using symbols
ISO 3873:1977, Industrial safety helmets
ISO 4674-1:2003, Rubber - or plastics-coated fabrics. Determination of tear resistance.

Part 1: Constant rate of tear methods
ISO 4849:1981, Personal eye-protectors-specifications
ISO 4869-1:1990, Acoustics – Hearing protection – Part 1: Subjective method for the
measurement of sound
ISO 5077:1984, Textiles. Determination of dimensional change in washing and drying
ISO 5081:1977, Textiles -- Woven fabrics -- Determination of breaking strength and

elongation (Strip method)
ISO 6330:2000, Textiles — Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing
ISO 6942:2002, Protective clothing — Protection against heat and fire — Method of test:
Evaluation of materials and material assemblies when exposed to a source of radiant
heat
ISO 9151:1995, Protective clothing against heat and flame — Determination of heat
transmission on exposure to flame
ISO 11092:1993, Textiles. Physiological effects. Measurement of thermal and water -

vapor resistance under steady - state conditions (sweating guarded - hotplate method)
ISO 11613:1999, Protective clothing for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements
ISO 12127:1996, Clothing for protection against heat and flame — Determination of
contact heat transmission through protective clothing or constituent materials
ISO 12947-4:1996, Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the

Martindale method - Part 4: Assessment of appearance change
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ISO/CD 16073.2
ISO 13688:1998 – Protective clothing – General requirements
ISO 13934-1:1998, Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Part 1: Determination of

maximum force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method
ISO 13934-2:1998, Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Part 2: Determination of

maximum force using the grab method
ISO 13935-2:1999, Textiles -- Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up textile
articles -- Part 2: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the grab
method
ISO 13996:1999, Protective clothing — Mechanical properties — Determination of

resistance to puncture
ISO 13997:1999, Protective clothing — Mechanical properties — Determination of

resistance to cutting by sharp objects
ISO 15025:2000, Protective clothing. Protection against heat and flame. Method of test
for limited flame spread
ISO 15383:2001, Protective gloves for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements
ISO 15384:2003, Protective clothing for firefighters – Laboratory test methods and
performance requirements for wildland firefighting clothing
ISO15538:2001, Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods and

performance requirements for protective clothing with a reflective outer surface
ISO 17493:2000, Clothing for protection against heat and flame. Test method for
convective heat resistance using a hot air circulating oven
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ISO/CD 16073.2
1.4 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this International standard, the following terms and definitions apply:
1.4.1 Clothing
1.4.1.1 body
includes torso, arms, legs & neck.
1.4.1.2
cleaning cycle
a wash and a drying cycle in accordance with ISO 6330:2000 or dry cleaning cycle in
accordance with ISO 3175-1:1998.
1.4.1.3
closure system
method of fastening the openings in the garment including combinations of more than
one method of achieving a secure closure, for example a slide fastener covered by an
overlap fastened down with a touch and close fastener.
NOTE This term does not cover seams.
1.4.1.4
component assembly
combination of all materials of a multi-layer garment presented exactly as the finished
garment construction.
1.4.1.5
coverall
one piece garment that completely covers the wearer’s torso, arms and legs.
1.4.1.6
cuffs
finished edge of the sleeve opening that may catch debris or burning embers.
1.4.1.7
firefighter's protective clothing
specific garments providing protection for the firefighter’s upper and lower torso, neck,
arms and legs, but excluding the head, eyes, hands and feet.
1.4.1.8
garment
single item of clothing which may consist of single or multiple layers.
EXAMPLE coat or shirt, trouser, or coverall.
1.4.1.9
hardware
non-fabric items used in protective clothing including those made of metal or plastic
EXAMPLE fasteners, rank marking, buttons, etc.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
1.4.1.10
innermost lining
lining of the innermost face of a component assembly closest to the wearer’s skin.
NOTE Where the innermost lining forms a part of a material combination, the material
combination shall be regarded as the innermost lining.
1.4.1.11
interlining
layer between the outermost layer and the innermost lining in a multilayer garment.
1.4.1.12
main seam
seam which is necessary to maintain the integrity of the garment.
1.4.1.13
material combination
material produced from a series of separate layers, intimately combined prior to the
garment manufacturing stage.
EXAMPLE quilted material.
1.4.1.14
outer material
outermost material of which the protective clothing is made.
1.4.1.15
seam
any method of permanent fastening between two or more pieces of material.
1.4.1.16
suit
an upper and lower garment worn together that completely covers the wearer’s torso,
arms and legs.
1.4.1.17
turn-ups
finished edge of a trouser at the end of the trouser leg that may catch debris or burning
embers.
1.4.1.18
wildland fire fighting
suppression action involving a fire in vegetative fuels such as forest, crops, plantations,
grass or farmland.
1.4.2 Gloves
1.4.2.1
component assembly
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ISO/CD 16073.2
combination of all materials of a multi-layer glove presented exactly as the finished glove
construction.
1.4.2.2
cuff
that circular, flared or otherwise expanded part of the glove that extends beyond the
opening of the glove body to cover the wrist area.
1.4.2.3
drip
to run or fall in drops or blobs.
1.4.2.4
firefighters' protective gloves
specific gloves providing protection for the firefighters' hands and wrists.
1.4.2.5
glove body
that part of the glove that extends from the tip of the fingers to 25 mm beyond the wrist
crease.
1.4.2.6
main seam
seam that is necessary to maintain the integrity of the glove.
1.4.2.7
melt
to liquefy a material usually by exposure to heat resulting in a non-reversible change.
NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, melting is observed as the
response to heat as evidenced by flowing or dripping.
1.4.2.8
moisture barrier
that portion of the component assembly designed to prevent the transfer of liquids.
NOTE Moisture barriers might not prevent the passage of chemical, biological or
radiological agents through the glove. Such incidents should be handled with appropriate
chemical protective clothing and procedures.
1.4.2.9
wristlet
circular, close-fitting part of the glove, usually made of knitted material, that extends
beyond the opening of the glove body to cover the wrist area.
NOTE May be contained within a cuff.
1.4.3 Helmet
1.4.3.1
anti-concussion tapes
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ISO/CD 16073.2
Supporting straps within the head cradle which absorb shock from impacts to the
helmet shell.
1.4.3.2
brim
a rim surrounding the shell.
1.4.3.3
cradle
the fixed or adjustable assembly of the parts of the harness in contact with the head.
1.4.3.4
cushioning
material to improve wearing comfort.
1.4.3.5
harness
the complete assembly by means of which the helmet is maintained in position on the
head, and which may provide a means of absorbing energy.
1.4.3.6
headband
the part of the harness surrounding the head at the base of the skull.
1.4.3.7
helmet accessories
any additional parts for special purposes such as chin strap, neck protector, nape strap,
drawlace and attachment devices for lamp and cable.
1.4.3.8
horizontal clearance
horizontal distance between the headband and the inside of the shell or any protruding
part of the inside of the shell.
1.4.3.9
peak
a permanent extension of the shell above the eyes.
1.4.3.10
protective padding
material contributing to the absorption of kinetic energy during an impact.
1.4.3.11
safety helmet
a helmet primarily intended to protect the upper part of a wearer’s head against a blow.
1.4.3.12
shell
the hard, smoothly finished material that provides the general form of the helmet.
1.4.3.13
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ISO/CD 16073.2
ventilation holes
holes provided in the shell to permit circulation of air inside the helmet.
1.4.3.14
vertical clearance
vertical distance between the top of the headform and the inside of the shell.
1.4.3.15
wearing height
vertical distance from the Iower edge of the headband to the highest point of the head or
headform.
1.4.4 Footwear
1.4.4.1
antistatic footwear
footwear whose resistance, when measured according to EN ISO 20344:2004, clause
5.10, lies above 100 KΩ and is less than or equal to 1000 MΩ.
1.4.4.2
cellular outsole
cellular outsole having a density of 0,9 g/ml or less with a cell structure visible under 10x
magnification.
1.4.4.3
cleat(s)
protruding part(s) of the outer surface of the sole.
1.4.4.4
conductive footwear
footwear whose resistance, when measured according to EN ISO 20344:2004, clause
5.10, lies in the range of 0 – 100 KΩ.
1.4.4.5
electrically insulating footwear
denotes footwear which protects the wearer against electrical shocks by preventing the
passage of dangerous current through the body via the feet.
1.4.4.6
fuel oil
aliphatic hydrocarbon constituent of petroleum.
1.4.4.7
insock
removable or permanent footwear component used to cover part or all of the insole.
1.4.4.8
insole
Non-removable component used to form the base of the shoe to which the upper is
usually attached during lasting.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
1.4.4.9
leather
1.4.4.9.1
corrected grain leather
hide or skin tanned to be imputrescible which has been subjected to mechanical buffing
to modify its grain structure.
1.4.4.9.2
full grain leather
hide or skin tanned to be imputrescible having conserved the totality of its grain.
1.4.4.9.3
leather split
flesh or middle part of a skin or hide tanned to be imputrescible obtained by splitting a
thick leather.
1.4.4.10
lining
material covering the inner surface of the upper.
NOTE 1 The wearer’s foot is in direct contact with the lining.
NOTE 2 Where an upper is split at the forepart to house the toecap, or if an external
piece of material is stitched to the upper to form a pocket to house the toecap, the
material under the toecap acts as a lining.
1.4.4.10.1
quarter lining
material covering the inner surface of the quarters of the upper.
1.4.4.10.2
vamp lining
material covering the inner surface of the forepart of the upper.
1.4.4.11
penetration-resistant insert
footwear component placed in the sole complex in order to provide protection against
mechanical penetration.
1.4.4.12
polymeric materials
for example polyurethane or polyvinylchloride.
1.4.4.13
rigid outsole
a sole which, when the complete footwear is tested in accordance with EN ISO
20344:2004, clause 8.4.1, can not be bent through an angle of 450 under a load of 30 N.
1.4.4.14
rubber
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ISO/CD 16073.2
vulcanized elastomers.
1.4.4.15
safety toecap
footwear component built into the footwear designed to protect the toes of the wearer
from impacts up to an energy level of at least 200 J and a compression at a load of at
least 15 kN.
1.4.4.16
seat region
backpart of the footwear (upper and sole).
1.5 General Requirements
1.5.1 Clothing Performance
Clothing shall comply with Clause 2, which specifies minimum performance

requirements for wildland firefighting protective clothing.
1.5.2 Glove Performance
Gloves shall comply with Clause 3, which specifies minimum performance requirements
for wildland firefighting protective gloves.
1.5.3 Helmet Performance
Helmets shall comply with Clause 4, which specifies minimum performance

requirements for wildland firefighting protective helmets.
1.5.4 Footwear Performance
Footwear shall comply with Clause 5, which specifies minimum performance

requirements for wildland firefighting protective footwear.
1.5.5 Eyewear Performance
Eye protective devices shall comply with Clause 6, which specifies minimum
performance requirements for wildland firefighting eye protection.
1.5.6 Hearing Performance
Hearing protective devices shall comply with Clause 7, which specifies minimum
performance requirements for wildland firefighting hearing protection devices.
1.5.7 Respirator Performance
Respirators shall comply with Clause 8, which specifies minimum performance

requirements for wildland firefighting protective respirators.
1.5.8 Fire Hood Performance
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ISO/CD 16073.2
Fire Hoods shall comply with Clause 9, which specifies minimum performance
requirements for wildland firefighting protective Fire Hoods.
1.5.9 Compatibility
Wildland firefighting personal protective equipment should also be evaluated utilizing

Clause 10.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
2 Clothing
2.1 Clothing design
Note: See Appendix B.
2.1.1 General
Protective clothing for firefighters shall consist of one of the following:
- A coverall or:
- A suit provided with an interface area or:
- A number of inner and/or outer garments designed to be worn together.
2.1.2 Collar
Any collar shall be able to remain in the vertical position when it is set upright. All
protective clothing which encircles the neck shall have a closure system at the level of
the line of the collar.
2.1.3 Coverall or suit
The coverall or suit shall not have turn - ups or cuffs.
2.1.4 Pockets
Pockets with external openings shall be constructed entirely from the outer material and
the external opening shall be provided with a closure system or covered with a protective
flap. The flap design is specified such that it cannot be tucked into the pocket.
2.1.5 Hardware
Hardware penetrating the outer material shall not be exposed on the innermost surface
of the component assembly.
2.1.6 Sleeves
The end of the sleeves shall be designed to protect the wrist and shall have a closure
system, all of which allows the end of the sleeve to interface with gloves that may be
used for wildland firefighting. The sleeves shall extend past the wrist crease as defined
in Clause 3.1.2 and Figure 3.1.
2.2 Sampling and pretreatment
2.2.1 Samples
Samples shall be taken so as to be representative of the material and the garment

construction employed.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
2.2.2 Number and size of specimen
The number and the size of the specimens for the different tests shall be in accordance
with the respective standards.
2.2.3 Pretreatment before thermal tests
Carry out washing in accordance with ISO 6330:2000 Procedure 2A at (60 ± 3) °C and
drying by procedure E (tumble drying) or carry out the dry cleaning in accordance with
ISO 3175-1:1998, unless otherwise specified in the care labelling.
For materials with flame retardant treatment, excluding retroreflective and fluorescent
materials, carry out the flame spread test clause 2.3.1 after 50 cleaning cycles.
For the other materials, before testing to the thermal requirements clause 2.3.1, 2.3.2,
2.3.3 and carry out the tests after five cleaning cycles.
Materials which are labelled as dry-cleanable only, shall be dry-cleaned five times.
2.2.4 Preconditioning
After having performed the pretreatment specified in 2.2.3, precondition the specimens
in accordance with ISO 139:1973 with the following modification: relative humidity
(65 ± 5) %. Test the specimens within 5 min following their removal from the conditioning
atmosphere.
2.2.5 Exposure surface
In all surface tests, the outer surface shall be tested.
2.3 Thermal requirements
2.3.1 Flame spread
Each component assembly in the garment, including retroreflective and fluorescent

materials but excluding hardware, shall be tested separately using clause 2.3.1.1 and
optionally using clause 2.3.1.2 following the appropriate cleaning specified in clause
2.2.3.
2.3.1.1 Face ignition
The flame spread test shall be carry out in accordance with ISO 15025:2000, Procedure
A face ignition after the pre-treatment specified in clause 2.2.3 using the surface
application procedure and a flame application time of 10 s. The following requirements
shall be satisfied:
a) no specimen shall give hole formation;
b) no specimen shall give molten or flaming debris;
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ISO/CD 16073.2
c) the mean value of the afterflame time shall be ≤ 2 s;
d) the mean value of the afterglow time shall be ≤ 2 s.
2.3.1.2 Edge ignition (Optional)
If required as an option, the flame spread test shall also be carry out in accordance with
ISO 15025:2000, Procedure B edge ignition on a hemmed fabric specimen after the pre-
treatment specified in clause 2.2.3 using the edge application procedure and a flame
application time of 10 s. The following requirements shall be satisfied:
a) no specimen shall give molten or flaming debris;
b) the mean value of the afterflame time shall be ≤ 2 s;
c) the mean value of the afterglow time shall be ≤ 2 s.
d) the char length shall be ≤ 100 mm.
The hemmed fabric specimen shall be prepared in the same manner as used in the
construction of the clothing.
Retroreflective and fluorescent materials shall be fixed with the bottom edge unstitched
to the fabric specimen.
2.3.2 Heat transfer (radiation)
The single layer, the component assembly or multilayer clothing assembly, excluding
any retroreflective or fluorescent materials shall be tested. Tests shall be carried out
after 5 cleaning cycles as specified in clause 2.2.3. When tested in accordance with
Method B of ISO 6942:2002 with a heat flux density of 20 kW/m2 the single layer, the
component assembly or multilayer clothing assembly shall have the minimum level as
following:
RHTI24 ≥ 8 s tf ≤ 70% RHTI24 - RHTI12 ≥ 3 s
2.3.3 Heat resistance
2.3.3.1 Materials
Each material including badges, patches, embroideries, hardware and closure systems
shall be tested separately. Tests shall be carried out after 5 cleaning cycles as specified
in clause 2.2.3. When tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000 at a temperature of
260 ± 5 °C, no material shall melt, drip, ignite or shrink > 10%.
2.3.3.2 Hardware
Hardware, that is not in contact with the skin and is protected on the outside, shall be
tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000 at a temperature of 180 ± 5 °C and shall not
melt, drip, ignite and shall remain functional.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
2.3.3.3 Retroreflective/fluorescent materials
Retroreflective and/or fluorescent materials shall be tested separately in accordance with

Table 2.1. Tests shall be carried out after 5 cleaning cycles as specified in clause 2.2.3.
When tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000, no material shall melt, drip or ignite.
The retroreflectivity after testing shall be ≥ 100 cd/lux/m2, with the observing angle at 12
minutes and the entrance angle at 5 degrees.
Table 2.1
Retroreflective/fluorescent material heat resistance testing
Test parameter or Performance Performance

measurement level 1 level 2
Test temperature 180 ± 5 °C 260 ± 5 °C
Permissible shrinkage ≤ 5% ≤ 10%
2.3.4 Heat resistance of the main seam sewing threads
Main seam sewing threads as supplied in the constructed state shall be tested in
accordance with ISO 15025:2000, Procedure A face ignition after the pre-treatment
specified in clause 2.2.3 using the surface application procedure and a flame application
time of 10 s shall not melt, drip or ignite.
2.3.5 Retroreflective/fluorescent materials
Where retroreflective and/or fluorescent materials are attached to the clothing these
materials shall meet the requirements in clauses 2.3.1, 2.3.3.3 and 2.7.
2.3.6 Heat transfer (flame exposure)
The garment, when tested in accordance with ISO 9151:1995 shall give the following
minimum performance:
HTI24 ≥ 9 s and (HTI24 - HTI12) ≥ 3 s
2.4 Mechanical requirements
2.4.1 Tensile strength
When tested in accordance with ISO 13934-1:1998 the outer material shall give a
breaking load in both machine and cross direction:
≥ 600 N
2.4.2 Tear strength
When tested in accordance with ISO 4674-1:2003, rate of traverse 5 mm/s, the outer
material shall give a tear strength in both machine and cross direction:
≥ 25 N
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ISO/CD 16073.2
2.4.3 Main seam strength
Main seams in the outer garment when tested in accordance with ISO 13935-2:1999
shall give a seam strength:
≥ 250 N
2.5 Ergonomic and comfort requirements
2.5.1 Thermal resistance
When tested in accordance with ISO 11092:1993 the material or material combination
shall give a thermal resistance:
≤ 0.055 m2 K/W
2.5.2 Water vapor resistance
When tested in accordance with ISO 11092:1993 the material or material combination
shall give a water vapor resistance:
≤ 10 m2 Pa/W
2.6 Dimensional change after washing and/or dry cleaning
Dimensional changes shall be measured in accordance with ISO 5077:1984.
Garments labeled for washing only: 5 cleaning cycles shall be carried out according to
ISO 6330:2000, washing Procedure 2A with a drying cycle according to Procedure E.
Garments labelled as dry cleanable: 5 dry cleaning cycles shall be carried out according
to ISO 3175-1:1998.
Dimensional change shall not exceed 3 % in either the machine and cross direction.
2.7 Retroreflective/fluorescent performance
Retroreflective/fluorescent material when tested in accordance with EN 471:1994,

following the CIE 54 measurement protocol, shall have a coefficient of retroreflectivity ≥
100 cd/lux/m2 with an entrance angle of 5 degrees and observation angle of 12 minutes.
2.8 Marking
Marking shall comply with Clause 11
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ISO/CD 16073.2
3. Gloves
3.1 Design requirements
3.1.1 Component assembly
Gloves shall consist of a component assembly meeting the performance requirements of

this International Standard. This component assembly shall be permitted to be
configured as a continuous or joined single layer, or as continuous or joined multiple
layers.
3.1.2 Glove body length
The glove body length shall extend circumferentially beyond the wrist crease not less
than 25 mm. The location of the wrist crease shall be determined as shown in Figure
3.1.
Key
1 - Dactylion III
a - Stylion
b - Wrist crease
c - Proximal edge of navicular
Figure 3.1 — Anatomical landmarks at base of hand
3.1.3 Wristlet or cuff
Gloves shall be provided with either a cuff or a wristlet or both. Where gloves are
provided with a cuff or a wristlet, the sample glove body and the cuff or wristlet shall
extend circumferentially at least 50 mm beyond the wrist crease, taking into
consideration the requirement specified in clause 3.1.2.
3.1.4 Glove sizing
23
ISO/CD 16073.2
3.1.4.1 Minimum sizing
Gloves shall be provided in a minimum of 6 unique and distinct sizes. The manufacturer
shall indicate the range in hand circumference and hand length for wearers of each
glove size as determined in clause 3.1.4.2.
NOTE The intent of this requirement is to allow manufacturers to report information to

the user that assists in their selection of the appropriate size. Standard sizes are not
defined by this International Standard.
3.1.4.2 Hand dimensions
Hand dimensions for selection of proper glove size shall consist of measuring two
dimensions, hand circumference and hand length, as shown in Figure 3.2.
Hand circumference shall be measured by placing the measuring tape on a table or

other flat surface with the numerals facing downward. The subject shall place the right
hand, palm down and fingers together, in the middle of the tape so that the tape can
pass straight across the knuckles (metacarpals). The circumference shall be measured
to the nearest millimetre, 20 mm from the crotch between thumb and index finger as
shown in Figure 3.2.
Hand length shall be measured by placing the subject's hand, palm down, on a piece of
paper with the fingers together and the hand and arm in a straight line. The thumb shall
be fully abducted, extended away from the palm as far as possible. The paper shall be
marked at the tip of the third, or middle, finger. A pencil mark shall be placed in the notch
at the base of the thumb where the thumb joins the wrist. The straight line distance
between the two points shall be measured to the nearest millimeter, as shown in Figure
3.2.
Dimensions in millimetres
a - Hand length
Palm View
Figure 3.2 — Method of measuring hand dimensions for selection of proper glove
3.1.4.3 Marking of glove size
24
ISO/CD 16073.2
Glove size shall be indicated on the label.
NOTE Manufacturers should also provide information to the end-user or purchaser on

how they have defined their sizes in terms of hand length and circumference.
3.1.5 Leather chromium VI content
Leather used in the construction of gloves shall have a Cr(VI) content of less than 10
mg/kg when tested in accordance with EN 420:2003, Annex B.
3.1.6 Other design requirements
Gloves shall be designed to restrict the entry of embers or foreign particles through the
glove openings.
Gloves shall be compatible with the sleeves of the firefighters’ protective clothing used.
Any labels or accessories shall not adversely affect the performance of the gloves or
present a hazard to the wearer.
3.2 Sampling and pretreatment
3.2.1 Inspection
Inspection for determining compliance with the design requirements specified in clause
6.1 shall be performed on whole gloves.
3.2.2 Testing
3.2.2.1 Specimens
Testing for determining material and component compliance with the requirements
specified in clause 3.3 shall be performed on samples representative of materials and
components used in the actual construction of the protective glove. If suitably sized
representative materials and components for the respective test method cannot be
obtained, then samples from the glove shall be used as specified in the performance
requirement.
3.2.2.2 Exposure surface
In all surface tests, the outermost surface shall be exposed.
3.2.2.3 Interpretation criteria
In all tests involving measurements, the determination of compliance shall be based on

the mean value unless specified in the specific test methods.
3.2.3 Pretreatments
3.2.3.1 Washing pretreatment
25
ISO/CD 16073.2
When pretreatment is specified as part of the test procedure or performance

requirement, then the test materials shall be cycled through five cleaning cycles.
Washing shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 6330:2000 by Procedure 2A at 60
°C ± 3 °C using a front loading horizontal drum machine with a detergent which achieves
a pH of 7,0 and drying shall be carried out by Procedure E (tumble drying) unless
otherwise specified in the care labelling. A total of five cleaning cycles shall be used. A
laundry bag shall not be used.
After the five cleaning cycles, sample gloves shall be donned by a test subject and shall
be flexed by making a tight fist 10 times during a 30 s period.
3.2.3.2 Dry conditioning
Sample gloves and sample specimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 20 ± 2

°C and at a relative humidity of 65 ± 5 % for at least 24 h in accordance with ISO
139:1973.
Sample gloves and sample specimens shall be tested within 5 min of removal from
conditioning.
NOTE This conditioning is used in some cases after washing pretreatment to ensure
that the gloves are totally dry before testing.
3.2.3.3 Wet conditioning
Sample gloves or sample specimens shall be conditioned by completely immersing the

glove or the glove specimen in water at a temperature of 20 ± 2 °C for 2 min. If gloves
are used the glove specimen shall be first filled with water prior to immersion.
Sample gloves or sample specimens shall be removed from the water, hung in a vertical
position for 5 min with the fingers uppermost, laid horizontal with textile blotting paper
both under and over the specimen, under a pressure of 3,5 kPa for a period of 20 min.
Sample gloves or sample specimens shall be tested within 5 min of conditioning.
3.3 Performance requirements
3.3.1 Thermal requirements
3.3.1.1 Flame resistance
The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 15025:2000,
Procedure A face ignition, before and after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1
followed by the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2, shall meet the following
requirements:
a) no specimen shall exhibit hole formation in any layer;
b) no specimen shall produce flaming or molten debris;
c) the mean value of afterflame time shall be ≤ 2 s;
26
ISO/CD 16073.2
d) the mean value of the afterglow time shall be ≤ 2 s.
If suitably sized representative materials cannot be obtained then the whole glove shall
be used for testing. The flame shall be contacted on the glove at the palm side, back
side and fingers. Turn out the glove to verify if no melting or destruction of material has
occurred.
If the glove assembly incorporates wristlet material, this material shall be tested
separately applying the flame to the outer surface of the wristlet material.
If the glove assembly incorporates seams, specimens of component assembly

containing seams shall be tested separately by applying the flame to the seam portion of
the component assembly with the seam oriented vertically.
Performance shall be determined using the poorest results from all areas of the glove
that are tested.
3.3.1.2 Heat transfer (flame exposure)
The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 9151:1995 shall
give the following minimum performance:
HTI24 ≥ 9 s and (HTI24 - HTI12) ≥ 3 s
Testing shall be performed on the glove component assembly after the following
pretreatments:
a) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2.
b) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1 and then followed by the
pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2.
Where different, the palm and back sides of the glove shall be tested. The performance
of the glove shall be determined using the lowest mean results for each side.
3.3.1.3 Heat transfer (radiant exposure)
The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 6942:2002 Method
B and shall give the following minimum performance and shall have a mean
transmission factor ≤ 70 %:
20 kW/m2 RHTI24 ≥ 8 s and (RHTI24 - RHTI12) ≥ 3 s
pretreatments:
27
ISO/CD 16073.2
3.3.1.4 Heat transfer (conductive exposure)
The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 12127:1996 at a
contact temperature of 250 °C shall give the following minimum performance:
tt ≥ 6 s
pretreatments:
c) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1 and then followed by the
3.3.1.5 Heat resistance
Complete glove specimens, when tested in accordance with the method described in
ISO 17493:2000, using the procedures for protective gloves at the test temperature of
260 °C after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1, shall not melt, separate or
ignite, and shall not shrink ≤ 10 % as specified in length or width.
Specimens of the innermost lining of the glove body component assembly that is
designed to come into contact with the wearer's skin, when tested in accordance with the
method given in ISO 17493:2000, using the procedure for flat textile or other sheet
materials at the test temperature of 260 °C after the pretreatment specified in clause
3.2.3.1, shall not melt, separate or ignite.
3.3.2 Mechanical requirements
3.3.2.1 Abrasion resistance
Specimens of the outer material from the palm area of the glove body component
assembly when tested in accordance with ISO 12947-4:1996 with a 300 g/m2 finish glass
paper (grade 100/F2) at a pressure of 9 kPa after the pretreatment specified in clause
3.2.3.2, shall give the following minimum performance:
No wear-through after 2000 cycles
28
ISO/CD 16073.2
3.3.2.2 Cut resistance
Specimens of the outer material from the palm and back areas of the glove body
component assembly and where cuffs or wristlets are provided when tested in
accordance with ISO 13997:1999 after the pretreatments specified in clauses 3.2.3.2
and 3.2.3.3, shall give the following minimum performance:
Cut force ≥ 7 N
3.3.2.3 Tear resistance
Specimens of outer material from the palm area of the glove body component assembly
when tested in accordance with EN 388:2003 Clause 6.3 after the pretreatment specified
in clause 3.2.3.2, shall give the following minimum performance:
Tear resistance ≥ 25 N
of the glove shall be determined using the lowest mean of the results for each side.
3.3.2.4 Puncture resistance
Specimens of outer material from the palm area of the glove body component assembly
when tested in accordance with ISO 13996:1999 after the pretreatments specified in
clauses 3.2.3.2 and 3.2.3.3, shall give the following minimum performance:
Puncture resistance ≥ 60 N
of the glove shall be determined using the lowest mean of the results for each side.
3.3.2.5 Label legibility
Specimen glove labels when tested after pretreatment as specified in clause 3.2.3.1
shall be legible at a distance of at least 30 cm by a person with 20/20 vision, or vision
corrected to 20/20.
3.3.3 Ergonomic requirements
3.3.3.1 Dexterity
Specimen gloves, when tested for dexterity in accordance with Clause 6.3 of EN
420:1994 after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1, shall have a performance
level of 1 or better.
3.3.3.2 Grip
29
ISO/CD 16073.2
Specimen gloves when tested in accordance with Annex C after the pretreatments
specified in clauses 3.2.3.1 and 3.2.3.3, shall not have a weight pulling capacity less
than 80 % of the bare hand control values.
3.3.3.3 Donning
Specimen gloves when tested in accordance with Annex D after the pretreatment
specified in clause 3.2.3.1, shall not have a donning time exceeding the baseline
donning time plus 20 s.
3.4 Marking
Marking shall comply with Clause 11.
30
ISO/CD 16073.2
4. Helmets
4.1 General
Wildland firefighters require head protective devices to minimise the impact or

penetration caused by falling tree branches as well as provide protection to the head
from flames, burning embers and radiant heat. The head protective device shall also be
fitted with a securing mechanisms to prevent it from being dislodged during wildland
firefighting operations.
Head protective devices used for wildland firefighters shall meet the performance
requirements of ISO 3873:1977 as well as the additional tests in Clauses 4.3, 4.4 and
4.5.
4.3 Flame tests
When tested by the method given in ISO 3873:1977 the material of the shell shall not
burn with the emission of flame after a period of 5 s has elapsed after removal of the
flame.
4.4 High temperature stability
Head protective devices when tested in accordance with Paragraph G4 (Test 1) of

Annex G shall show no visible distortion of the shell. Head protective devices to be
tested shall have previously been conditioned at 50 oC.
Any failure of headbands or other internal components during this test (e.g. melting or
collapse of the headband) shall not be the basis for rejection of the head protective
device.
NOTE The purpose of this test is to ensure the suitability of the shell material when it is
exposed to radiant heat sources capable of raising the shell of the head protective
device to 120 oC. Headbands within the head protective device and in contact with the
wearer’s head will not contact or be exposed to such sources.
4.5 High radiant heat environments
Head protective devices when tested in accordance with Paragraph G5 (Test 2) of

Annex G shall meet the following requirements:
a) No part of the head protective device shell shall touch the headform.
b) No shell distortion in the posterior portion of the headform shall extend more than
40 mm below the original position of the head protective device.
c) No distortion of the anterior and lateral portions of the head protective device shall
extend more than 30 mm below the original position of the device.
d) No ignition of any part of the head protective device assembly shall occur.
31
ISO/CD 16073.2
e) No melting or dripping is allowed.
Any failure of headbands or other internal components during this test (e.g. melting or
collapse of the headband) shall not be the basis of rejection of the head protective
device.
NOTE The purpose of this test is to ensure the suitability of the shell material when it is
exposed to radiant heat sources capable of raising the shell of the head protective
device to 200 oC for a short period of time. Headbands within the head protective device
and in contact with the wearer’s head will not contact or be exposed to such sources.
4.6 Marking
32
ISO/CD 16073.2
5. Footwear
5.1 Design
Footwear for wildland firefighters shall be selected from the designs in Figure 5.1.
a) b) c)
d)
e)
Figure 5.1 : Designs of footwear
1 : variable extension which can be adapted to the wearer
a : low shoe (not allowed)

b : ankle boot
d : knee height boot
c : Half-knee boot
e : Thigh boot
Note 1 Design E is a knee-height boot (design D) equipped with a thin impermeable material which extends the upper
and which can be cut to adapt the boot to the wearer.
Note 2 Design A shall not be used

.
33
ISO/CD 16073.2
5.2 Sampling and conditioning
The minimum number of samples, i.e. separate items of footwear, to be tested in order
to check compliance with the requirements specified in Clause 5 and EN ISO
20344:2004, together with the minimum number of test pieces taken from each sample,
is given in Table 5.1.
Wherever possible, test pieces shall be taken from the whole footwear unless otherwise
stated.
NOTE If it is not possible to obtain a large enough test piece from the footwear, then a
sample of the material from which the component has been manufactured can be used
instead and this should be noted in the test report.
Where samples are required from each of three sizes, these shall comprise the largest,
smallest and a middle size of the footwear under test.
All test pieces shall be conditioned in a standard atmosphere of 23 ± 2 °C and 50% ±

5% relative humidity for a minimum of 48 h before testing, unless otherwise stated in the
test method.
The maximum time which shall elapse between removal from the conditioning
atmosphere and the start of testing shall be not greater than 10 min, unless otherwise
stated in the test method.
Each test piece shall individually satisfy the specific requirement, unless otherwise
stated in the test method.
Table 5.1. Minimum number of samples and test specimens or test pieces
ISO 16073 Number of test pieces

Number of samples
Clause reference from each sample
Requirement as per EN ISO 20344:2004 and plus
Thread melting 5.3.3.2 3 Threads 1
Laces melting 5.3.3.1 3 laces 1
Contact heat 5.3.3.3.1 1 pair 1 pair
Radiant heat 5.3.3.3.2 1 pair 1 pair
Flame 5.3.3.3.3 1 pair 1 pair
5.3 REQUIREMENTS
5.3.1 General requirements
Footwear for firefighters shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 5.2 and
one of the 5 options given in Table 5.3.
Note: Footwear without a permanent insole is non-compliant with this standard.
34
ISO/CD 16073.2
Table 5.2: General requirements
Marking
Reference Test
Requirements Symbol
EN ISO
ISO 16073
20345 :2004
Height of upper 5.2.1 X

Whole Specific ergonomic features 5.3.4 X
Footwear Leakproofness 5.3.3 N/A
Water resistance 6.2.5 X
Heat resistance 5.3.2.3.4 X
General
Flame resistance 5.3.2.3.3 X
5.2.2 X
Design B Figure 1
Seat
region Design C and D Figure 1 5.2.2 X
Design E Figure 1 5.2.2 -
Construction 5.3.1.1 X
Upper/outsole bond strength 5.3.1.2 X
X
HI1 or HI2
Sole Contact heat 5.3.2.3.1 (At least
or HI3
Whole performance HI1 )
Footwear Slip Resistance Subject to current review
Energy absorption of seat region 6.2.4 X
Penetration resistance 6.2.1 O P
General 5.3.2.1 O T
Toe cap length 5.3.2.2 O T
impact resistance 5.3.2.3 O T
Toe Rigidity of toe 5.3.2.4 * R
Protection Compression resistance 5.3.2.4 O
corrosion resistance of metal toe caps 5.3.2.5 O
Non Metallic toe caps 5.3.2.6 O
Electrical
Electrical Insulating footwear ▲ I
properties 5.3.2.5 X
Antistatic footwear ▲ A
Resistance to insulation against heat 6.2.3.1 X
inimical
environments insulation against cold * C
5.3.2.1
Thread/Laces Melting O
5.3.2.2
Zipper 5.5.1 O ϑ
accessories Eyelet & Stud Post Attachment 5.5.2 O
Metatarsal protection 6.2.6 * M
Ankle Protection 6.2.7 * AN
Tear strength 5.4.2 X
Tensile properties 5.4.3 X
Water vapor permeability and
5.4.5 X
coefficient
Upper
Chromium VI 5.4.8 X
Water penetration and water.
6.3.1 X
absorption
35
ISO/CD 16073.2
Table 5.2 (continued)
Marking
Reference Test
Requirements Symbol
EN ISO
ISO 16073
20345 :2004
Upper construction 6.3.2 X

Thread Melting 5.3.2.2 O
Upper
Radiant heat 5.3.2.3.2 X
Flame resistance 5.3.2.3.3 X
Tear strength 5.5.1 X
Abrasion resistance 5.5.2 X
Vamp lining 5.5.3 X
coefficient
Chromium VI 5.5.5 X
Tear strength 5.5.1 O

Abrasion resistance 5.5.2 O
Quarter lining 5.5.3 O
coefficient
Chromium VI 5.5.5 X
Tear strength 5.6.1 O

Tongue Chromium VI 5.6.3 O
Chromium VI Table 5.3 X

Insole Water absorption and desorption Table 5.3 X
Abrasion resistance Table 5.3 X
Tear Strength 5.8.2 X

Abrasion resistance 5.8.3 X
Flexing resistance 5.8.4 X
Hydrolysis 5.8.5 X
Interlayer bond strength 5.8.6 O
Outsole Resistance to fuel oil 5.8.7 X
Cleated area 6.4.2 X
Cleat height 5.4.2 X

Cleat design 5.4.1 X
Breast heel 5.4.3 X
Resistance to hot contact 6.4.4 X
NOTE The applicability of a requirement to a particular classification is indicated in the table by

the following.
36
ISO/CD 16073.2
X means that the requirement has to be met. In some cases the requirement relates only
to particular materials within the classification – e.g. pH value of leather components.
This does not mean that other materials are precluded from use.
O means that if the component part exists, the requirement has to be met.
- means not allowed.
* means that if the property is claimed, the requirement given in the appropriate clause
has to be met.
▲ obligatory one of the 2 requirements shall be choosen.
N/A not applicable.
The absence of X, - or O indicates that no requirement is made.
Table 5.3 : Basic requirements for insoles and insocks
Requirements to fulfil EN ISO 20345:2004

Component
Water Chromium
Options to be pH Å Abrasion Abrasion
absorption VI Å
assessed
5.7.2 desorption 5.7.4.1 5.7.4.2
5.7.3 5.7.5
No insole or if
Non
present not
1 removable Insock X X X X
fulfilling the
insock
requirements
No insock
2 Insole X X X X
Seat sock
present
Insock and
Full insock, insole X
3 non together
removable
Insole Insock X X X
present
Full insock,
removable Insole X X X X
4
and water
permeable♦ Insock X X X
Full insock, Insole X X X X
removable,
5
not water
permeable♦
Insock X X X X
X means that the requirement shall be met.

♦ a water permeable insock is one that, when tested in accordance with EN ISO 20344:2004, 7.2, lets water
through in 60 s or less
Å those requirements are only for leather
Note For removable insocks see clause 8.3.
37
ISO/CD 16073.2
5.3.2 Whole footwear
5.3.2.1 Laces
When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.1, the laces shall
not melt, drip or ignite and remain functional.
5.3.2.2 Thread
When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.1, the thread shall
not melt, drip or ignite and remain functional.
5.3.2.3 Thermal behaviour
5.3.2.3.1 Contact heat
When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.2 the footwear shall
meet at least one of the levels defined in Table 5.4. After testing, the footwear shall
remain functional (see Annex E).
Table 5.4 : Level of performance for contact heat
HI 2 HI 3
o
Sandbath ( C) 250 250
Inside temperature of the
<42o after 10 min. and <55o after 15 min.
footwear (oC)
Total duration of the test 20 min. 40 min.
Assessment
5.3.2.3.2 Radiant heat
When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.3, the value RHTI24
shall be ≥ 35 s.
5.3.2.3.3 Flame
When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.4, the footwear shall
neither flame for more than 2 s (after-flame time) or glow more than 2 s (after-glow time).
When the flame is removed the footwear shall remain functional (see Annex E).
5.3.2.3.4 Whole Footwear Heat Resistance Test
When tested in accordance with the method described in Clause 5.6.8, a complete
middle size sample shall not melt, drip or ignite and shall remain functional (see Annex
E).
NOTE All options need to be tested as part of the footwear eg. zipper sections
38
ISO/CD 16073.2
5.3.2.4 Rigidity of the forepart of footwear
When footwear is tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.5, the
clearance under the toecap at a compression load of 500 N ± 10 N shall be not less than
the appropriate value given in Table 5.5.
Table 5.5 — Minimum clearance under toecaps at compression
Size of footwear Minimum internal clearance (mm)

Paris points English
36 and below 3 and below 12,5
37 and 38 4 and 5 13,0
39 and 40 6 13,5
41 and 42 7 and 8 14,0
43 and 44 9 and 10 14,5
45 and above 11 and above 15,0
5.3.2.5 Electrical Properties
Electrical properties shall comply with either clause 5.3.2.5.1 or clause 5.3.2.5.2.
5.3.2.5.1 Electrically Insulating footwear

Footwear identified as electrically insulating shall comply with all the requirements given
in clause 6.2.2.3 of EN ISO 20345:2004.
5.3.2.5.2 Antistatic footwear

Footwear identified as antistatic shall comply with all the requirements given in clause
6.2.2.2 of EN ISO 20345:2004.
5.4 Outsole
5.4.1 Heel breast
The outsole shall have an inclined-breast heel. Distance 'a' (the waist area) shall be at
least 35 mm, angle ‘α’ shall be greater than 90° and less than 120° and dimension 'b'
shall be at least 10mm. (See Figure 7.2).
Figure 5.2 Outsole dimensions
39
ISO/CD 16073.2
5.5 Accessories
5.5.1 Zipper (Slide fastener)
When tested in accordance with the methods described in clause 5.6.6 the attachment
strength of the puller shall be greater than 250 N and the lateral strength shall be greater
than 370 N.
5.5.2 Eyelet and Stud Post attachment
When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.7 the attachment
strength shall be greater than 400 N.
5.6 Test methods
5.6.1 Thread and Lace Heat Resistance Test
5.6.1.1 Principle
This test method determines the melting point of thread, using a hot contact plate and
magnifying glass.
5.6.1.2 Equipment
5.6.1.2.1 Apparatus, An electrically heated stage, having a circular depression large

enough to insert a micro cover glass with a variable transformer controlling the rate of
input into the stage, and with armoured stem thermometer with a range of 150 to 300 °C
accurate to ± 1 °C.
5.6.1.2.2 Low powered magnifying glass (at least 10 x).
5.6.1.2.3 Two micro cover glasses.
5.6.1.2.4 A spatula – Pick needle or other instrument for applying pressure to the cover
glasses.
5.6.1.2.5 Soxhlet extraction apparatus.
5.6.1.3 Specimen
The specimen shall be extract with chloroform for a minimum of 20 extractions in a

Soxhlet extractor and dried. The specimen shall then be cut into lengths of 0.2 cm
lengths or less.
5.6.1.4 Procedure
The apparatus shall be calibrated by determining the melting point of a pure material of
known melting point. The melting point of the pure material shall be in the range of 240
to 260 °C. In subsequent determinations immediately following the initial determination,
the stage in each case shall be cooled to approximately 200 °C before the specimen is
40
ISO/CD 16073.2
placed for testing. The specimen shall be placed in a small mound on a cover glass and
covered with another cover glass. The cover glasses shall be pressed together gently
but firmly, and placed in a circular depression on the stage. The temperature of the
stage shall be quickly raised to a temperature 240 °C below the expected melting point,
and thereafter at a rate of 3 to 4 °C per minute until a temperature of 260 °C is reached.
A slight pressure shall be applied to the top cover glass to make sure that the cover
glass remain in contact with the complete fibre. The specimen shall be observed with the
aid of a magnifying glass and a determination made at 260 °C whether the specimen
has ignited, melted or charred. Two different specimens shall be tested.
5.6.1.5. Report
Specimens which show ignition, melting or charring at, or below 260 °C, shall be
reported as failing the test. Specimens which do not show these characteristics at 260
°C shall be reported as passing the test.
5.6.2 Contact heat
Condition the samples at least two days in 23 ± 2 ºC and a relative humidity of 50 ± 2 %.
The test shall be conducted according to the procedure described in EN ISO

20344:2004 clause 5.12.
5.6.3 Radiant heat
All different material including the seams and the closing mechanisms shall be tested. At
least 3 test pieces from the upper of one pair of footwear (dimension at least 80 x 80
mm) shall be tested.
NOTE Test pieces are including lining and padding.
Test the test pieces shall be tested according to EN ISO 6942:2002 Method B at a heat
flux density of 20 kW/m² exposing the outer surface of each test piece to the radiant
heat. The result is the lowest value of t24.
5.6.4 Flame Resistance Test
5.6.4.1 Conditioning
All different external materials, including external seams, as provided as a complete

sample of footwear shall be tested in accordance with ISO 15025:2000 after being
conditioned at 23 ± 2 0C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity for at least 48 hours.
Testing shall be carried out within 10 minutes of removing the sample from the
conditioning atmosphere.
5.6.4.2 Procedure
5.6.4.2.1 The bunsen burner shall be placed on a flat surface with the burner and flame
in a vertical position.
41
ISO/CD 16073.2
5.6.4.2.2 Secure the boot so that the appropriate part of the boot to be tested is 17 ± 1
mm directly above the top of the bunsen burner.
5.6.4.2.3 Ignite the burner and preheat it for 2 min and adjust the flame to 35 ± 2 mm in
height in accordance with ISO 15025:2000.
5.6.4.2.4 Position the burner as in clause 5.6.4.2.2 and apply the flame for 10 s to the
designated area.
5.6.4.2.5 Remove the flame and measure the after-flame and after-glow as defined in
ISO 15025 and record.
5.6.4.2.6 Repeat Procedures in clause 5.6.4.2.2, 5.6.4.2.4 and 5.6.4.2.5 for all different
external materials used in the construction of the footwear and external seams
5.6.4.2.7 The footwear shall neither flame for more than 2 s (after-flame time) or glow
more than 2 s (after-glow time).
5.6.4.2.8 When the flame is removed the footwear shall remain functional.
5.6.5 Rigidity of Toe
Test in accordance with EN ISO 20344:2004 Clause 5.5 subject to the following change,
compress with a load of 500 N.
5.6.6 Zipper Tests
5.6.6.1 Puller Attachment Strength
5.6.6.1.1 Principle
The puller is subjected to tension whilst the slider is rigidly supported.
5.6.6.1.2 Apparatus
A tensile machine which produces a constant rate of jaw separation of 100 ± 20 mm/min.
A plate to mask the slider so that tension is confined to the puller and its attachment to
the slider.
5.6.6.1.3 Procedure
Mount the slider in the lower jaw of the tensile with the puller passed through the
masking plate. Clearing the end of the puller in the upper jaw of tester so that tension is
applied perpendicular to the slider. Set the testing machine in use until failure occurs.
Record the maximum force to cause failure. Three specimens shall be tested and the
mean value recorded.
5.6.6.2 Lateral Strength Test
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ISO/CD 16073.2
5.6.6.2.1 Principle
The zipper is subjected to a lateral force to measure the resistance of the closed zip to
opening. The force required to cause failure of the zipper ie measured and the type of
failure recorded.
5.6.6.2.2 Apparatus
A tensile machine with a jaw separation rate of 100 ± 20 mm/min. The facility to record
the force throughout the test. Gripping jaws of 25 mm wide and constructed and finished
so as no to damage the tape of the zipper.
5.6.6.2.3 Test Specimens
Three test pieces from one or more zippers so that the minimum length of closed chain
for each test is 75 mm.
5.6.6.2.4 Procedure
Clamp the test specimen in the jaws of the testing machine so that there is at least 25
mm of closed chain either side of the jaws. The jaws shall be positioned 3 mm from the
chain. Figure 5.3 shows the arrangement. Set the machine in operation and measure
the force to induce failure. Three test pieces shall be tested and the mean value of the
three test results reported.
Figure 5.3 Zipper Test
5.6.7 Eyelet and Stud Post attachment
5.6.7.1 Principle
A test specimen which includes the eyelet or stud post is cut from the footwear. The test
specimen is clamped in one jaw of a tensile testing machine, a length of lace is inserted
through the fastening and clamped in the second jaw. The force required to cause failure
of the fastening is measured and the type of failure recorded.
43
ISO/CD 16073.2
5.6.7.2 Apparatus
A tensile testing machine with:
a) Jaw separation rate of 100 ± 20 mm/min.
b) The capability of measuring the forces up to 1 Kn.
c) A strong nylon or polyester lace of a weight that might be used with the fastening in
the footwear.
5.6.7.3 Preparation of test specimens
a) Cut at least 3 test specimens from the footwear.
b) Cut a rectangle from the facing as shown in Figure 5.4. Mark the clamping line onto
the test specimen 15 ± 1 mm from the eyelet or stud post.
Figure 5.4 : Eyelet and Stud Sample
5.6.7.4 Procedure
a) Clamp the test specimen in one jaw of the testing machine.
b) Cut a piece of lace of length at least 200 mm long. Insert the lace through the eyelet
or around the stud post, equalise the length of the two ends of the lace and insert
side by side in the second jaw of the testing machine.
c) Operate the testing machine and stop the machine when any failure that would make
the fastener inoperative in wear occurs. This may be:
44
ISO/CD 16073.2
• Tearing of the upper.

• Distortion or breakage of the stud post.
• Pulling out of the stud post eyelet or attachment rivets.
• Breakage of the lace.
d) Record the force at which failure occurs in Newtons to the nearest 5 N.
e) If breakage of the lace occurs the result is invalid unless the result obtained is well
above specification. If necessary use a stronger lace.
f) Calculate the arithmetic mean of the three test specimens and record this value
together with the type of failure.
5.6.8 Heat Resistance Test
5.6.8.1 Test Method
The complete item of footwear with all attachments shall be suspended in a hot air
circulating oven at 1200C and tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000 for 4 hours.
5.6.8.2 Test Report
Observe and report:
a) Any ignition of the specimen.

b) Any melting of the specimen, hole formation, dripping.
c) Any separation of the specimen, splitting, delamination.
d) Any shrinkage of the specimen in either length or width direction, if the shrinkage is
greater than 10%.
5.7 Electrical properties
5.7.1 Antistatic footwear
Each pair of antistatic footwear shall be supplied with a leaflet containing the following
wording.
“Antistatic footwear should be used if it is necessary to minimize electrostatic build-up by

dissipating electrostatic charges, thus avoiding the risk of spark ignition of, for example
flammable substances and vapours, and if the risk of electric shock from any electrical
apparatus or live parts has not been completely eliminated. It should be noted, however,
that antistatic footwear cannot guarantee an adequate protection against electric shock
as it introduces only a resistance between foot and floor. If the risk of electric shock has
not been completely eliminated, additional measures to avoid this risk are essential.
Such measures, as well as the additional tests mentioned below, should be a routine
part of the accident prevention program at the workplace.
Experience has shown that, for antistatic purposes, the discharge path through a product
should normally have an electrical resistance of less than 1000 MΩ at any time
throughout its useful life. A value of 100 kΩ is specified as the lowest limit of resistance
45
ISO/CD 16073.2
of a product when new, in order to ensure some limited protection against dangerous
electric shock or ignition in the event of any electrical apparatus becoming defective
when operating at voltages of up to 250 V. However, under certain conditions, users
should be aware that the footwear might give inadequate protection and additional
provisions to protect the wearer should be taken at all times.
The electrical resistance of this type of footwear can be changed significantly by flexing,
contamination or moisture. This footwear will not perform its intended function if worn in
wet conditions. It is, therefore, necessary to ensure that the product is capable of
fulfilling its designed function of dissipating electrostatic charges and also of giving some
protection during the whole of its life. The user is recommended to establish an in-house
test for electrical resistance and use it at regular and frequent intervals.
Classification I footwear can absorb moisture if worn for prolonged periods and in moist
and wet conditions can become conductive.
If the footwear is worn in conditions where the soling material becomes contaminated,
wearers should always check the electrical properties of the footwear before entering a
hazard area.
Where antistatic footwear is in use, the resistance of the flooring should be such that it
does not invalidate the protection provided by the footwear.
In use, no insulating elements should be introduced between the inner sole of the
footwear and the foot of the wearer. If any insert is put between the inner sole and the
foot, the combination footwear/insert should be checked for its electrical properties”.
5.7.2 Electrically insulating footwear
Footwear with insulating properties provide limited protection against the inadvertent
contact with damaged electrical apparatus and therefore each pair shall be supplied with
the following information.
a) Footwear with insulating properties shall be worn if there is a danger of electric

shock, for example from damaged live electrical apparatus.
b) Electrically insulating footwear cannot guarantee 100% protection from electric shock
and additional measures to avoid this risk are essential. Such measures, as well as
the additional tests mentioned below, should be part of a routine risk assessment
program.
c) The electrical resistance of footwear should meet the requirements of EN

50321:2000, clause 6.3 at any time throughout the life of the footwear.
d) This level of protection can be affected during service by:
i) Footwear becoming damaged by nicks, cuts, abrasions or chemical

contamination, regular inspections are necessary, worn and damaged
footwear should not be used.
ii) Classification I footwear can absorb moisture if worn for prolonged periods
and in moist and wet conditions, and can become conductive.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
e) If footwear is worn in conditions where the soling material becomes contaminated,

for example by chemicals, caution should be taken when entering hazardous areas
as this may well affect the electrical properties of the footwear.
f) It is recommended that the users establish an appropriate means of having the

electrical insulating properties of footwear inspected and tested whilst in service.
5.8 Marking
Marking shall comply with Clause 11
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ISO/CD 16073.2
6. Eyewear
6.1 General
Note: Wildland firefighters eyes are exposed to irritants such as smoke particles and off
gassing chemicals which will cause severe irritation and discomfort to the eyes. Eye
protective devises should protect the eyes from the ingress of smoke particles and other
irritants. The complete eyes protective device shall also prevent fogging.
6.2 Performance
All eye protective devices shall meet the requirements and optional tests of ISO
4849:1981 as follows.
6.3 Impact Tests
The complete eye protective device shall withstand the lateral and frontal impacts as
defined in ISO 4849:1981.
6.4 Stability at an elevated temperature
The complete eye protective device shall show no apparent deformation when tested by
the method specified in ISO 4849:1981.
6.5 Prolonged high temperature stability
The complete eye protective device when tested in accordance with Paragraph G4 (Test
1) of Annex G shall show no breakage or visible distortion of the body. The complete eye
protective device to be tested shall have previously been conditioned at 50 oC.
6.6 Extreme high radiant heat environments
The complete eye protective device when tested in accordance with Paragraph G5 (Test
2) of Annex G shall show no breakage or visible distortion of the body. The complete eye
protective device to be tested shall have previously been conditioned at 50 oC.
6.7 Resistance to corrosion
After having undergone the test for resistance to corrosion specified in ISO 4849:1981
all metal parts of the complete eye protective device shall display smooth surfaces, free
from corrosion, when they are examined by a trained observer.
6.8 Resistance to ignition
The complete eye protective device shall be tested in accordance with the method
specified in ISO 4849:1981 and shall be considered to be satisfactory if no part of the
eye protective device ignites or continues to glow after removal of the steel rod.
6.9 Protection against large dust particles
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ISO/CD 16073.2
The complete eye protective device shall be tested in accordance with the method
specified in ISO 4849:1981. The result shall be considered to be satisfactory if the
reflectance after the test is not less than 80% of it’s value before the test.
6.10 Resistance to surface damage by fine particles
The complete eye protective device shall be resistant to surface damage by fine
particles as defined in ISO 4849:1981.
6.11 Resistance to fogging
The complete eye protective device shall remain free from fogging to a minimum of 8 s
when tested in accordance with ISO 4849:1981.
6. 12 Marking
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ISO/CD 16073.2
7. Hearing Devices
7.1 General
Note: Hearing protective devices may be required to protect wildland firefighters from
mechanically generated noise produced from equipment such as; chainsaws, pumps
and blowers. A risk assessment should be carried out to determine the need if any, for
the provision of hearing protective equipment.
Hearing protective devices used for wildland firefighters shall meet the performance
requirements of EN 352:2002 subject to risk assessment and type of hearing protective
device utilised.
7.3 Marking
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ISO/CD 16073.2
8. Respirator
8.1 General
Note 1: This clause will contain the performance requirements for Respiratory Protective
Devices (RPD) for Wildland Firefighting.
Note 2: No suitable protection methodology has yet been identified and ISO/TC 94/SC
15 (Respiratory Protection) will provide these requirements that will be based upon
respiratory environment criteria provided by ISO/TC 94/SC 14/WG 3.
Note 3: Until such performance requirements are available, the choice of suitable RPD
to be used in conjunction with the Wildland PPE identified in this standard, should be
based upon a local risk assessment and control measures adopted.
8.2 Marking
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ISO/CD 16073.2
9. Fire hood
The fire hood shall be close fitting and able to be worn without discomfort or significant
restriction to head movement. The fire hood shall fit around the head, face and neck and
be compatible with any eye wear without reducing the field of view.
Labels and closure systems or accessories shall be tested to the heat and flame
requirements.
NOTE 1 Over-stretching will reduce the heat protective performance of the fire hood
and should be avoided by design.
NOTE 2 Excess material in the construction of the fire hood may hamper the wearer
and compromise the wearing of other personal protective equipment.
9.1 Facial opening
The fire hood shall have a facial opening to fit around the eyewear creating an interface
area, the integrity of which shall be maintained.
9.2 Yoke interface area
The fire hood shall have a yoke creating an interface area with the personal protective
equipment, the integrity of which shall be maintained.
9.3 Sizing
The fire hood shall be manufactured in various sizes or vary in sizes such that when
worn, the hood shall be close fitting to the head and neck without over-stretching the
material.
9.4 Flexibility
The fire hood shall have flexibility to take up the shape of the wearer's head without
discomfort, and shall not restrict head movement.
9.5 Labels
Labels shall be positioned in the area defined as the yoke of the fire hood.
9.6 Sampling and pre-conditioning
The material or component assembly shall be pre-conditioned by washing and drying 5

times in accordance with procedures 3A (at 60 +/- 3)0C and E of ISO 6330:2000.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
The performance requirements shall be met after sampling and preconditioning

according to Clause 9.6.
9.8 Flame resistance (surface ignition)
Flame resistance shall be tested in accordance with ISO 15025:2000 Procedure A, and
shall satisfy the following requirements.
a) No specimen shall give flaming to top or either side edge;
b) No specimen shall give hole formation in any layer;
c) No specimen shall give flaming or molten debris;
d) The mean value of after flame time shall be ≤ 2 s;
9.9 Heat resistance
Each material used in the clothing assembly when tested in accordance with ISO
17493:2000, at a temperature of 2600C shall not melt, drip, separate, or ignite, or shrink
more than 10%.
9.10 Heat transfer (flame exposure)
When tested in accordance with ISO 9151:1995, shall achieve the respective
performance in Table 9.1.
Table 9.1 Heat transfer (flame exposure)

Heat transfer index Result
HTI24 ≥ 9s
HTI24 - HTI12 ≥ 3s
9.11 Heat transfer (radiant exposure)
When tested in accordance with ISO 6942:2002, Method B at a heat flux density of 20
kW/m2 shall achieve the respective performance in Table 9.2.
Table 9.2 Heat transfer (radiant exposure)

Heat transfer Result
RHTI24 ≥8s
RHTI24 - RHTI12 ≥ 3s
9.12 Residual strength of material following radiant heat exposure
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ISO/CD 16073.2
When tested in accordance with ISO 5081:1977 after pretreatment of the complete
assembly by ISO 6942:2002, Method A at the respective heat flux density and shall
achieve the respective performance in Table 9.3.
Table 9.3 Residual strength following radiant exposure

Test parameter or Result
measurement
Heat flux density 20 kW/m2
Tensile strength ≥ 450 N
Testing shall be performed on a minimum of three machine and three cross machine
specimens. A 50 mm wide tensile specimen shall be obtained by cutting the exposed
specimen on both sides so that the exposed specimen area is in the middle of the tensile
specimen.
Tensile strength shall be separately determined in the machine and cross machine
directions. The average tensile strength for each direction shall be calculated and used
to determine compliance with this requirement.
9.13 Seam breaking strength
One specimen of each seam type used in the construction of the fire-hood shall have a
burst strength of ≥ 450 kPa when tested in accordance with ISO 13939-1: using a test
area of 7.3 cm2 and a testing time to burst of (30 +/- 10) s.
9.14 Dimensional change
The material or component assembly shall have a dimensional change ≤ 5 % when

tested in accordance with ISO 5077:1984 using the laundering specified in Clause 9.7.
9.15 Marking
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ISO/CD 16073.2
10. Compatibility (Optional)
This clause is designed to assist in the determination of compatibility of Wildland

firefighting PPE.
10.1 Mobility tests
10.1.1 Test subjects
For this test, a group of three adults in the large, medium and small size range on the
protective clothing shall be selected for the test subjects.
10.2 Test method
10.2.1 Climbing vertical ladder test
Each test subject wearing only normal clothing and without any personal protective
equipment shall climb up and down a vertical ladder of a height of 5 m. The time
required for this work shall be measured for each test subject and recorded as the time
without personal protective equipment.
Then each test subject wearing the personal protective equipment (including clothing,
gloves, boots and helmet) shall climb up and down the same vertical ladder. The time
required for this work shall be measured for each test subject and recorded as the time
with personal protective equipment.
10.2.2 Work simulation test
Each test subject wearing only normal clothing and without any personal protective
equipment shall perform the series of activities specified in figure 10.1. Each time
required for climbing up and down the ladder, climbing up and down the staircase, and
the series of activities in total shall be measured for each test subject and recorded as
the time without personal protective equipment.
Then each test subject wearing the personal protective equipment (including clothing,
gloves, boots and helmet) shall perform the same activities. Each time required for the
activities shall be measured in the same manner as above for each test subject and
recorded as the time with personal protective equipment.
10.2.3 Overlap of PPE
The items of PPE being evaluated should provide a continuous overlap between each
adjoining item.
10.2.4 Evaluation
The outcomes of the times taken in 10.2.1 and 10.2.3 shall be recorded and reported.
The overlap or lack overlap of the PPE shall be recorded and reported.
55
ISO/CD 16073.2
START END
Walking straight (about 18 m) Walking straight (about 18
Turning to the left 90

Turning to the right 90
Walking straight (about 4 m)
Walking straight (about 4
Climbing up and down a vertical ladder of about
2 m height, passing once in each direction Climbing up and down a vertical ladder of
through a horizontal manhole of 0.6 m × 0.6 m at about 2 m height, passing once in each
a height of about 1.5 m direction through a horizontal manhole of
0 6m × 0 6m at a height of about 1 5 m
Walking straight (about 3 m)

Walking straight (about 3
Picking up a fire extinguisher

on a floor Putting down the fire
extinguisher to the floor
Walking straight while carrying

the fire extinguisher (about 4 m) Walking straight while carrying
the fire extinguisher (about 4
Climbing up a staircase Climbing down a staircase

while carrying the fire while carrying the fire
extinguisher (about 10 m) extinguisher (about 10 m)
TURNING POINT
Figure 10.1 Standard procedure of work simulation test
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ISO/CD 16073.2
11 Marking
11.1 Clothing
Clothing compliant with Clause 2, shall be marked as follows:
Each item of clothing shall be marked. The marking shall be on the item itself or on a
label permanently fixed on the inside of the item and legible following 50 cleaning cycles
in accordance with clause 2.2.3.
The marking shall provide the following information:
a) Name, trade mark or other means of identifying the manufacturer or its

authorised representative.
b) Designation of size.
c) The materials employed.
d) Care instructions shall be indicated in accordance with ISO 3758:1991.
e) This item of personal protective equipment conforms to the requirements of ISO

16073.
f) Lot or trace number.
g) The pictogram used shall be as given in Figure 11.1.
h) One or more of the following symbols shall be marked in the bottom right hand
corner of the pictogram.
Symbol ‘E’ will be included where edge ignition test is undertaken
Symbol ‘P1” will be included where testing is done in accordance with Table 2.1
Performance Level 1.
Symbol ‘P2’ will be included where testing is done in accordance with Table 2.1
Performance Level 2.
ISO 16073 Wildland - C
57
ISO/CD 16073.2
Figure 11.1 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of protective clothing for
wildland firefighters.
11.2 Gloves
Gloves compliant with Clause 3, shall be marked as follows:
ISO 16073 Wildland - G
Figure 11.2 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of gloves for wildland
firefighters.
11.3 Helmets
Helmets compliant with Clause 4, shall be marked as follows:
ISO 16073 Wildland - H
Figure 11.3 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of head protective devices for
11.4 Footwear
Footwear compliant with Clause 5, shall be marked as follows:
Each item of footwear for firefighters shall be clearly and permanently marked, for
example by embossing or branding, with the following:
a) Size.
b) Manufacturer’s identification mark.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
c) Manufacturer’s type designation.
d) Year of manufacture; at least the quarter.
e) The number and year of this standard, i.e. ISO 16073.
f) The marking symbol(s) from table 5.2 appropriate to the protection provided
which is not covered by the symbol(s) of the pictogram (see Figure 11.4).
In addition, the pictogram shown in Figure 11.4 shall be given on a label of dimensions
at least 30 mm x 30 mm attached in a visible position on the outside of the footwear.
One of the following symbols shall be marked in the bottom right hand corner of the
pictogram.
F1 All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2.
F1P All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for penetration
resistance.
F1A All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for antistatic
properties.
F1PA All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for penetration
resistance and for antistatic properties.
F1I All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for electrical
insulating properties.
F1PI All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for penetration
resistance and electrical insulating properties.
ISO 16073 Wildland - F
Figure 11.4 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of footwear for wildland
firefighters.
11.5 Eyewear
59
ISO/CD 16073.2
Eye protective devices compliant with Clause 6, shall be marked as follows:
ISO 16073 Wildland - E
Figure 11.5 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of eye protective devices for
11.6 Hearing Devices
Hearing protective devices compliant with Clause 7, shall be marked as follows:
ISO 16073 Wildland -

HP
Figure 11.6 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of hearing protective devices
for wildland firefighters.
11.7 Respirator
Respirators compliant with Clause 8, shall be marked as follows:
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ISO/CD 16073.2
ISO 16073 Wildland - R
Figure 11.7 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of respiratory protective

devices for wildland firefighters.
11.8 Fire Hood
Fire Hood compliant with Clause 9, shall be marked as follows:
ISO 16073 Wildland -

FH
Figure 11.8 – Pictogram indicating types and protection of fire hood for wildland
firefighters.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
12 Manufacturer's information
Personal protective equipment shall be supplied to the client accompanied by

instructions written at least in the official languages of the country of use. All this
information shall be clear. It shall comprise (when possible or applicable):
a) Name, trade mark or other means of identification of the manufacturer or his

authorised representative;
b) Designation of the product type, commercial name or code;
c) Pictograms and levels of performance, if applicable;
d) Care labeling;
e) Name and full address of the manufacturer and/or their authorised representative;
f) Name and full address and identification number of the notified body involved in type
approval and/or quality control;
g) Number of the standard and year of publication;
h) Explanation of any pictograms and level of performance. A basic explanation of the
tests that have been applied to the personal protective equipment and a
corresponding list of performance levels, preferably in a table of performance;
i) All main constituent materials of all layers of personal protective equipment shall be
given;
j) Instructions for use as appropriate for the specific standard;
- tests to be carried out by the wearer before use;
- fitting; how to put on and off;
- instructions concerning appropriate use of the product to minimise the risk of injury;
- limitations on use (e. g. temperature range etc.);
- instructions for storage and maintenance, with maximum periods between
maintenance checks;
- complete instructions for cleaning and/or decontamination (e.g. cleaning
temperature, drying process, pH value, mechanical action, maximum number of
cleaning cycles);
- warnings against problems likely to be encountered, (e.g. domestic washing of
contaminated clothing);
- details of additional items of protective clothing that need to be used to achieve the
protection intended;
- information about any materials used in the product that may cause allergic
responses or may be carcinogenic, toxic to reproduction or mutagenic;
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ISO/CD 16073.2
- details of any significant ergonomic penalties of using the product such as a

reduction of the field of vision, acuity of hearing or a risk of heat stress;
- instructions on how to recognise ageing and loss of performance in the product
- if helpful illustrations, part numbers etc. shall be added;
- instructions concerning repair;
k) Reference to accessories and spare parts if relevant;
l) Type of packaging suitable for transport if relevant.
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ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex A
(Informative)
Uncertainty of measurement and results interpretation
A.1 Test report and uncertainty of measurement
For each of the required measurements performed in accordance with this standard, a
corresponding estimate of the uncertainty of measurement shall be evaluated. This
estimate of uncertainty shall be applied and stated when reporting test results, in order
to enable the user of the test report to assess the reliability of the data. The following
protocol with regard to uncertainty of measurement shall be applied to test results:
If the limit value for the particular test given in the standard, falls outside of the range of
values calculated from the test data plus/minus the uncertainty U of measurement, then
the result shall be deemed to be a straightforward pass or fail (Figures C.1 and C.2)
If the limit value for the particular test given in the standard, falls within the range of
values calculated from the test data plus/minus the uncertainty U of measurement, then
the assessment of pass or fail shall be determined on the basis of safety, that is
considering the safest conditions for the user of the PPE (Figure C.3)
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ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex B
(informative)
Guidelines for Clothing Design
The materials used for the different items of the fire fighters equipment should not induce
any risk or other inherent nuisance factors.
The garment should be designed to avoid as much as possible any restriction in the
movements during the tasks undertaken by fire fighters.
PPE should be designed to get dressed or undressed easily and as quickly as possible
Loose fitting clothing is as important as the fire resistance of materials in minimising the
risk of injury. Clothing that is tight fitting poses a danger to the wildland firefighter from
radiant heat and heat stress, while, at the same time, diminishing the firefighter's ability
to perform.
Clothing should be light and flexible in order to be effective without inducing heat stress
in the wearer.
As a guide, a suit should be provided with an interface area of a minimum of 15 cm

overlap between them which should be maintained for example whilst stooping, reaching
or turning movements.
Closure systems, any label, accessory, touch and close fastener,

retroreflective/fluorescent material, etc attached to the protective clothing should not
adversely affect the clothing's performance.
Pocket flaps should be able to maintain pocket as being closed. As a guide a pocket flap
may be 20 mm larger than the opening in order to avoid the flap being placed inside the
pocket.
All closure systems should be designed to prevent the entry of burning debris.
Trousers and sleeves should have a closure system, which allows the ends of the
trousers and sleeves to interface sufficiently well with footwear and gloves that may be
used for wildland firefighting.
Firefighters should be trained in the selection, use, care and maintenance of the
protective clothing covered by this standard, including an understanding of its limitation.
65
ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex C
(normative)
Grip Test - Gloves
C.1 Principle
The bare-handed lifting capacity of a test subject using a halyard and a set of weights is
compared with the same test subject wearing wet gloves on a dry and wet halyard.
C.2 Equipment
Grip testing shall be conducted with a 9,5 mm diameter, 3-strand pre-stretched polyester
rope attached to a calibrated force measuring device.
C.3 Specimens
A minimum of three pairs of gloves each for sizes small and large shall be used for
testing by at least two different test subjects. Each pair of gloves, as a complete set of
gloves, shall be tested in the new, as-distributed condition.
The laboratory shall ensure that glove specimens do not receive special softening
treatments prior to tests. Glove specimens shall be conditioned as specified in clauses
3.2.4.2 and 3.2.4.3.
C.4 Procedure
C.4.1 Test subjects shall be selected such that their hand dimensions are as close as
possible to the middle of the range for hand length and to the hand circumference for
small and large gloves.
C.4.2 Each test subject shall make three successive attempts to lift as much weight as
possible using the halyard and both hands and keeping both feet firmly planted on the
ground while pulling downward on the halyard. The average weight hoisted over the
three trials shall be the bare-handed weight lift capability.
C.4.3 Dry-conditioned specimen gloves shall be tested on a dry rope and then on a wet
rope.
C.4.4 Wet-conditioned specimen gloves shall be tested on a dry rope and then on a wet
rope.
C.4.5 Each test subject shall be evaluated with a minimum of three pairs of gloves. Test
subjects shall attempt one trial with each pair of gloves for a minimum of six grip tests for
each set of conditions, with at least three grip tests with small sized gloves and three
grip tests with large sized gloves.
C.4.6 The weight pulling capacity of a test subject with gloves shall be compared with
the bare-handed weight lift capability. The percentage of weight pulling capacity with
gloves to bare-handed weight lift capability shall be calculated as follows:
66
ISO/CD 16073.2
C.5 Report
The percent of bare hand control for each glove pair specimen, condition and test
subject tested shall be reported.
One or more glove pair specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance.
67
ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex D
(normative)
Donning Test - Gloves
D.1 Principle
Donning times are measured for gloves which have been repeatedly laundered to
determine failure of liner attachments within glove.
D.2 Specimens
A minimum of three pairs of gloves each for sizes small and large shall be used for
testing by at least two different test subjects. Specimens shall be conditioned as
specified in clause 3.2.4.1.
D.3 Procedure
D.3.1 Test subjects shall be selected such that their hand dimensions are as close as
possible to the middle of the range for hand length and to the hand circumference for
small and large gloves.
D.3.2 The time to don one glove of the glove pair specimen shall be determined by
measuring the time it takes for the test subject to don the single glove on three
consecutive trials without altering the sample glove linings between donnings.
D.3.3 Each donning trial shall start with the glove lying in front of the test subject and
end the trial when the test subject's fingers are seated in the sample glove.
D.3.4 The average of the first three donning times shall be used as the baseline donning
time. The baseline donning time shall not exceed 10 s.
D.3.5 Glove pair specimens shall be conditioned as specified in clause 3.2.4.1.
D.3.6 The average of the times for the first three donnings after removal from the final
drying cycle shall be used as the final donning time.
D.4 Report
The final donning time and the baseline donning time shall be reported to the nearest 0,1
s. for each trial. The average final and baseline donning times shall be calculated and
reported. The pass/fail performance shall be determined using the average final and
base line donning times.
68
ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex E
(normative)
Assessment of the Footwear
The following list and drawing is provided to assist in assessing the performance of
wildland firefighting footwear tested in accordance with Clause 5.
Criteria for the Assessment of the State of Footwear for Firefighters
Wildland firefighting footwear should be failed when tested to Clause 5 any of the signs
of wear identified below are found. Some of these criteria could vary according to the
type of footwear and materials used:
4 Beginning of pronounced and deep cracking affecting half of the upper material
thickness (Fig E6.1).
4 Strong abrasion of the upper material, especially if the toe-cap is revealed

(Fig E6.2).
4 The upper shows areas with deformations, burns, fusions or bubbles, or split
seams in the leg (Fig E6.3).
4 The outsole shows cracks higher than 10 mm long and 3 mm deep (Fig
E6.4).
4 Upper/sole separation of more than 10-15 mm long and 5 mm wide (deep).
4 Cleat height in the flexing area lower than 1,5 mm (Fig E6.5).
4 Original insock (if any) showing pronounced deformation and crushing.
4 The fastening system shall be in good working order (zip, laces, eyelets,
touch and close system...)
Fig E6.1 Fig E6.2
69
ISO/CD 16073.2
Fig E6.3 Fig E6.4
Fig E6.5 Fig E6.6
Figure E6 : Criteria for the assessment of the state of footwear for firefighter
70
ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex F
(informative)
Assessment of the Footwear by the Wearer
The following list and drawing may be provided to the wearer to assess the performance
of their footwear.
Criteria for the Assessment of the State of Footwear for Firefighters
Firefighter footwear should be replaced when any of the signs of wear identified below
are found. Some of these criteria could vary according to the type of footwear and
materials used:
4 Beginning of pronounced and deep cracking affecting half of the upper material
thickness (Fig E6.1 Annex E).
4 Strong abrasion of the upper material, especially if the toe-cap is revealed

(Fig E6.2 Annex E).
4 The upper shows areas with deformations, burns, fusions or bubbles, or split
seams in the leg (Fig E6.3 Annex E).
4 The outsole shows cracks higher than 10 mm long and 3 mm deep (Fig E6.4
Annex E).
4 Upper/sole separation of more than 10-15 mm long and 5 mm wide (deep).
4 Cleat height in the flexing area lower than 1,5 mm (Fig E6.5 Annex E).
4 Original insock (if any) showing pronounced deformation and crushing.
4 It is convenient to check manually the inside of the boot from time to time, aiming
at detecting destruction of the lining or sharp borders of the toe protection which
could cause wounds (Fig E6.6 Annex E).
4 The fastening system shall be in good working order (zip, laces, eyelets,
touch and close system...)
71
ISO/CD 16073.2
Annex G
(normative)
Thermal Stability of Helmets and Eyewear at Elevated Temperatures
G1 Scope
This Annex sets out two methods for determining the thermal stability of head protective
devices and eye protective devices.
G2 Principle
Items of head protective devices and eye protective devices are examined after
exposure to elevated temperatures under the following conditions:
a) TEST 1 – Sample items of head protective devices and eye protective devices are
heated in an oven over a specified prolonged period of time.
b) TEST 2 – Sample items of head protective devices and eye protective devices are
heated at a higher temperature than Test 1 above, for a specified very short period of
time.
G3 Apparatus
The following apparatus is required:
a) Headform - A headform constructed of rigid non-metallic material.
b) Oven for Test 1 – A circulating air oven to ISO 17493:2000 having a minimum
volume of 0.28 m3, capable of maintaining a temperature of 120 ± 3 oC.
c) Oven for Test 2 – A circulating air oven to ISO 17493:2000 having a minimum
volume of 0.28 m3, capable of maintaining a temperature of 200 ± 6 oC.
G4 Test 1
G4.1 Procedure
The procedure shall consist of the following:
a) Preheat to 120 ± 3 oC the rigid headform for a period not less than 1 h.
b) Place a sample head protective devices and eye protective devices on the headform
in the oven for a period of 4 ± 0.5 h. The temperature of the oven throughout this
period shall be maintained at 120 ± 3 oC.
c) After removal from the oven and being left to cool to ambient temperature, the head
protective devices and eye protective devices shall be examined for signs of visible
deformation, including any streaking or buckling of its outer surface.
72
ISO/CD 16073.2
G4.2 Report
The following shall be reported:
a) Identification of the test samples.
b) Any sample preparation or prior conditioning.
c) The name of the test laboratory or authority responsible for performing the tests.
d) Date on which the test was carried out.
e) Any visible distortion of the item was noted.
f) Any observation, in relation to either the test sample or the performance of the test,
which may assist in the correct interpretation of the test results.
g) Reference to the test method, i.e. Test 1 of Appendix G ISO 16073
G5 Test 2
G5.1 Procedure
The procedure shall consist of the following:
a) Mount the head protective devices and eye protective devices on the headform at
ambient room temperature.
b) Note the position of the item on the headform.
c) Preheat the oven to a temperature of 200 ± 6 oC.
d) Place the sample item on the headform in the oven and close the door within 15 s.
e) Remove the item and the headform after 90 s + 15 s, -0 s. Timing is to commence

immediately the door is closed.
f) Allow to cool for not less than 2 min.
g) Examine the item for signs of visible deformation. Any deformation shall be
measured at the sides, back and front, in relation to the previously noted position of
the item on the headform (see (b)).
G5.2 Report
The following shall be reported:
a) Identification of the test sample.
b) Any sample preparation or prior conditioning.
73
ISO/CD 16073.2
c) The name of the test laboratory or authority responsible for performing the tests.
d) Date on which the test was carried out.
e) Any visible distortion of the item, and the amount of deformation.
f) Any observation, in relation to either the test sample or the performance of the test,
which may assist in the correct interpretation of the test results.
g) Reference to the test method, i.e. Test 2 of Appendix G, ISO 16073.
74
ANNEX ZA
The following clauses of this ISO Standard are likely to support requirements of Directive 89/686/EEC, Annex II.
BASIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

Basic Requirement (EU Directive 89/686/EEC, Annex II) Applicable Verified in clause
1.1.1. Ergonomics YES 2.5 – 3.1 - 3.3.3
Annex B
1.1.2.1. Highest level of protection possible YES 2.3 – 2.4 – 2.5 – 2.6 -2.7 –
3.3 – 5.3 – 5.4 – 4.2 – 4.3
- 4.4 - 4.5 – 6.2 – 6.4 –
6.5 - 6.6 – 6.7 – 6.8 - 6.9
– 6.10 – 6.11 – 70.2
1.1.2.2. Classes of protection appropriate to different levels of risk YES 2.3.3.3 – 5.3.2.3.1 – 5.9
1.2.1. Absence of risks and other inherent nuisance factors YES Annex B
1.2.1.1. Suitable constituent materials YES 1
1.2.1.2. Satisfactory surface condition of all PPE parts in contact with the user YES 2.1.5 - Annex B
1.2.1.3. Maximum permissible user impediment YES Annex B
1.3.1. Adaptation of PPE to user morphology YES Annex B
1.3.2. Lightness and design strength YES Introduction - 2.1 – 3.1.2 –
3.1.3 – 3.1.4 -Annex B
1.3.3. Compatibility of different types of PPE YES 2.1.6 – 10 - annex B
1.4. Information supplied by the manufacturer YES 12
2.1. PPE incorporating adjustment systems NO
2.2. PPE "enclosing" the parts of the body to be protected YES Annex B
2.3 PPE for the face, eyes and respiratory tracts YES 4–6-8
2.4. PPE subject to ageing YES 2.3.2 -
2.5 PPE which can be caught up during use NO
2.6 PPE for use in explosive atmospheres NO
2.7. PPE intended for emergency use or rapid installation and/or removal YES Introduction - Annex B -
Annex D
2.8. PPE for use in very dangerous situations YES Introduction – 6.1 -
ISO/CD 16073.2
BASIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

Basic Requirement (EU Directive 89/686/EEC, Annex II) Applicable Verified in clause
2.9 PPE with components that can be adjusted or removed by the user NO
2.10 PPE for connection to another device YES Annex B
2.11 PPE incorporating a fluid circulation system NO
2.12. PPE bearing identification marks related to health and safety YES 2.8 - 3.4 – 5.9 – 4.6 - 6.12
– 8.2 - 7.3
2.13. PPE capable of signalling the users presence visually YES 2.3.3.3 – 2.7
2.14 Multi-risk PPE YES 1
3.1 Protection against mechanical impact NO
3.2 Protection against static compression NO
3.3 Protection against physical injury YES 2.4 – 3.3.2 – 5.3
3.4 Protection against drowning NO
3.5 Protection against the harmful effects of noise YES 7
3.6 Protection against heat and/or fire YES Introduction – 2 – 3 – 4 –
5 – 6 – 7 – 8 – 9 - 10
3.6.1 PPE constituent materials and other components YES 2.3 - 3.3.1 – 5.3.2.3 -
3.6.2 Complete PPE ready for use YES 3.3.1.1 - 5.3.2.3.4 – 4.3 –
4.4 – 4.5 - 6.2 – 6.3 – 6.4
– 6.5 – 6.8 – 10 - Annex G
3.7 Protection against cold NO
3.8 Protection against electric shock YES 5.3.2.5 - 5.7.2
3.9 Radiation protection NO
3.10 Protection against dangerous substances/infective NO

3.11 Safety devices for diving equipment NO
Compliance with the clauses of this standard provides one means of conforming with specific essential requirements of the Directives
concerned and associated EFTA regulations.
76

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COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/CD 16073.

ISO/TC 94 / SC 14 Circulated to P- and O-members, and to technical committees and

clothing and equipment - Fire-

approval for registration as a DIS in accordance with 2.5.6

(P-members vote only: ballot form attached)

Reference language version: English French Russian

Wildland Firefighting Personal Protective

Document type: International Standard

Annex A Uncertainty of measurement and result interpretation

Annex B Performing a risk assessment

Annex C Grip test – gloves

Annex D Donning test – gloves

Annex E Assessment of the footwear

Annex F Assessment of the footwear by the wearer

Annex G Thermal stability of helmets and eyewear at

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of

Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the

This standard provides minimum performance requirements for wildland firefighters

Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict any jurisdiction, purchaser or manufacturer

A risk assessment should be undertaken to determine if the personal protective

This International standard specifies the minimum performance requirements and

This standard supercedes ISO 15384:2003 Protective clothing for firefighters –

1.3 Normative references

CIE 54, Retroreflexion definition and measurement

EN 352:2002, Hearing protectors. Safety requirements and testing

EN 388:2003, Protective gloves against mechanical risks

EN 420:1994, General requirements for gloves

EN 471:1994, High-visibility warning clothing

EN ISO 20344:2004, Personal protective equipment - Test methods for footwear

EN ISO 20345:2004, Safety footwear

EN 50321:2000, Electrically insulating footwear for working on low voltage installations

ISO 139:1973, Textiles. Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

ISO 3146:2000, Plastics. Determination of melting behaviour (melting temperature or

ISO 3758:1991, Textiles. Care labeling code using symbols

ISO 3873:1977, Industrial safety helmets

ISO 4674-1:2003, Rubber - or plastics-coated fabrics. Determination of tear resistance.

ISO 4849:1981, Personal eye-protectors-specifications

ISO 5077:1984, Textiles. Determination of dimensional change in washing and drying

ISO 5081:1977, Textiles -- Woven fabrics -- Determination of breaking strength and

ISO 11092:1993, Textiles. Physiological effects. Measurement of thermal and water -

ISO 12947-4:1996, Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the

ISO 13688:1998 – Protective clothing – General requirements

ISO 13934-1:1998, Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Part 1: Determination of

ISO 13934-2:1998, Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Part 2: Determination of

ISO 13996:1999, Protective clothing — Mechanical properties — Determination of

ISO 13997:1999, Protective clothing — Mechanical properties — Determination of

ISO15538:2001, Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods and

1.4 Terms and definitions

NOTE This term does not cover seams.

EXAMPLE coat or shirt, trouser, or coverall.

EXAMPLE fasteners, rank marking, buttons, etc.

EXAMPLE quilted material.

NOTE May be contained within a cuff.

NOTE 1 The wearer’s foot is in direct contact with the lining.

1.5 General Requirements

1.5.1 Clothing Performance

Clothing shall comply with Clause 2, which specifies minimum performance

1.5.2 Glove Performance

1.5.3 Helmet Performance

Helmets shall comply with Clause 4, which specifies minimum performance

1.5.4 Footwear Performance

Footwear shall comply with Clause 5, which specifies minimum performance

1.5.5 Eyewear Performance