DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY-DASMARIAS

College of Engineering Architecture & Technology

FINAL EXAM IN ELECTRONICS (ECET528A)
INSTRUCTIONS. Select the best answer for each of the following questions. Fully shade the letter of your choice on the official answer sheet provided.
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.
1. An energy source forces a constant current of 2A for
10s to ow through a light bulb. If 2.3X1010 erg is given
off in the form of light and heat energy, calculate the
voltage drop across the bulb.
a. 100 Volts
b. 1.10 Volts
c. 115 Volts
d. 1.15 Volts
2. The voltage generated across the finite resistance of
a real ammeter is known as
a. the compliance voltage
b. the burden voltage
c. the open circuit voltage
d. the short circuit voltage
3. Two series-opposing-connected 7-H inductors are
adjacent to each other; their coefficient of coupling is
0.64. What is the value of the total inductance?
a. 5.04 H
b. 4.48 H
c. 28 H
d. 14 H
4. Determine the reverse saturation current of a
germanium diode with a forward current of 10 mA at
temperature of 27 oC.
a. 62 nA
b. 72 nA
c. 82 nA
d. 92 nA
5. Calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration of GaAs
at T = 500 oF.
a. 6.027X1011 cm-3
b. 6.027X1015 cm-3
c. 5.033X1011 cm-3
d. 5.033X1015 cm-3

6. What is the value of Boltzmanns constant in terms

of eV/K?
a. 1.38X10-23
b. 8.6X10-3
c. 86X10-6
d. 138X10-23
7. Of the following substances, the best conductor is
a. air
b. copper
c. iron
d. salt water
8. An 8.2 V (8.2 V at 25 oC) has a positive temperature
coefficient of 0.05 %/ oC. What is the zener voltage at 60
o
C?
a. 8.25 V
b. 8.34 V
c. 8.97 V
d. 8.22 V
9. A 1N4736 zener diode has a ZZT of 3.5. The data
sheet provides VZT = 6.8 V at IZT = 37 mA and IZK = 1
mA. What is the voltage across the zener terminals
when the current is 50 mA?
a. 6.76 V
b. 6.85 V
c. 6.92 V
d. 6.63 V
10. A type of special purpose diode commonly used in
electronic tuning circuits used used in communication
systems.
a. Varactor
b. PIN
c. Tunnel
d. ESAKI

11. The output power of a LED light source is

decreased to 70% after 12 years. Determine the time it
takes to decrease its output power to lifetime.
a. 16 years
b. 9 years
c. 18 years
d. 24 years
12. A photodiode should be operated in
a. Forward-biased
b. Reverse-biased
c. Both forward and reverse biased
d. Peak biased
13. A PIN diode during forward bias acts as a
a. inductor
b. capacitor
c. variable resistor
d. comparator
14. A capacitor consisting of two metal plates each of
area 50 cm2 and spaced 0.2 mm apart in air, is
connected across a 120 V supply. Calculate the energy
stored in eV.
a. 8.7X1011
b. 9.9X1011
c. 8.7X1012
d. 9.9X1012
15. Determine the e.m.f. induced in a coil of 200 turns
when there is a change of flux of 25 mWb linking with it
in 50 ms.
a. -100 V
b. -200 V
c. 100 V
d. 200 V
16. What is true about FET?
a. It is a bipolar device
b. It is a current controlled device
c. both electrons and holes contribute during conduction

d. operates with one type of charge carrier

17. Calculate the dynamic resistance of a transistor
differential amplifier if the tail current is 10 mA.
a. 2.6 ohm
b. 10.333 ohm
c. 5.2 ohm
d. 2.8 ohm
18. In FET, when VGS = 0, the value of the drain-tosource voltage At which ID becomes essentially
constant is known as the
a. Widlar voltage
b. burden voltage
c. cut-off voltage
d. pinch-off voltage
19. The partial datasheet for a 2N5459 JFET indicates
that typically IDSS = 9 mA and VGS(Off) = -8 V (maximum).
Using these values, determine the drain current for VGS
= -1 V.
a. 3.37 mA
b. 6.89 mA
c. 7.88 mA
d. 2.29 mA
20. Suppose that you have an unlimited supply of 1-W,
100 resistors, and you need to get a 100, 10W
resistor. This can be done most cheaply by means of a
series-parallel matrix of
a. 3 x 3 resistors
b. 4 x 3 resistors
c. 4 x 4 resistors
d. 2 x 5 resistors
21. Determine the transfer function of a 3-bit DAC with a
reference voltage of 8 volts. Code 2 has an equivalent
DAC output of 2 volts and Code 4 has an equivalent of
4 volts.
a. 2 Volts
b. 1 Volt
c. 3 Volts
d. 8 Volts
22. Determine the value of the source resistance to selfbias a p-channel JFET with IDSS = 25 mA and VGS(Off) = 15 V. VGS is to be 5 V.
a. 330 ohms
b. 640 ohms
c. 220 ohms
d. 450 ohms

23. A 2N7008 E-MOSFET gives ID(on) = 500 mA

(minimum) at VGS = 10 V and VGS(th) = -1 V. Determine
the drain current for VGS = -5 V
a. 98.7 mA
b. 83.9 mA
c. 64.2 mA
d. 22.9 mA
24. A T-MOSFET is a special type of
a. D-MOSFET
b. JFET
c. E-MOSFET
d. Both a and c are correct
25. The output impedance of an emitter follower
transistor configuration
a High
b. Low
c. 0
d. Medium
26. The Metal in a MOSFET is typically made up of
a. ALNICO
b. Nickel
c. Platinum
d. Aluminum
27. The thermal voltage of silicon at room temperature
is known as
a. 25.6 mV
b. 0.7 V
c. 0.3 V
d. 1.03 V
28. The Drain-to-Source terminal of Enhancement
mode MOSFETs are
a. normally closed
b. normally open
c. normally closed and open
d. on active mode
29. The minimum typical input resistance of an Nchannel JFET is
a. 100 Tohm
b. 100 Kohm
c. 100 Gohm
d. 100 Mohm
30. A certain cascaded voltage amplifier has the
following gains: Av1 = 10, Av2 = 15, Av3 = 20. What is
the overall gain expressed in dB?
a. 34.8 dB
b. 69.5 dB
c. 33.1 dB
d. 16.5 dB

31. A transistor has how many depletion regions?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
32. A half-wave rectified AC signal has a maximum
value of 50 V. What is the rms value of the wave?
a. 25 V
b. 35.35 V
c. 70.72 V
d. 31.8 V
33. The voltage gain of an emitter follower configuration
is ideally
a. 0
b. 1
c. infinite
d. low
34. In BJT, if is 200, will most likely be
a. 0.995
b. 0.0995
c. 1
d. 1.005
35. The base of a BJT transistor
a. is lightly doped
b. is heavily doped
c. generates 98% of the total current
d. is manufactured by epitaxial method to minimize the
stray capacitance of the transistor
36 A low voltage such as 12V,
a. is never dangerous
b. is always dangerous
c. is dangerous if it is ac, but not if it dc
d. can be dangerous under certain conditions
37. The common mode voltage of an ideal op-amp
configured as non-inverting amplifier is
a. 0
b. the input voltage
c. infinite
d. the output voltage
38. Which of the following will not normally cause a
large error in an ohmmeter reading?
a. a small voltage between points under test
b. a slight change in switchable internal resistance
c. a small changed in the resistance to be measured
d. a slight error in the range switch position

39. Why is it that the input impedance of an ideal opamp is infinite?

a. to maximize the Gain-Bandwidth product
b. for maximum power transfer
c. to avoid loading effect
d. to compensate for the stray and bulk capacitance
40. In comparator, it is the difference of the 2 input
voltages
a. Hysteresis
b. GND noise
c. Saturating Voltage
d. VIH
41. It accounts for the instability in the equivalent
input capacitance of an inverting voltage amplifier due
to amplification of the effect of capacitance between the
input and output terminals
a. Seebeck effect
b. Miller effect
c. Tribo-electric effect
d. Flywheel effect

47. Real op-amp parameters are subject to slow change

over time and with changes in temperature, input
conditions, etc.
a. Drift
b. VOS
c. slew-rate
d. AOL

54. A 240o phase-shift oscillator has the following

elements: R = 10 kohm, C = 0.001 uF. Calculate the
frequency of oscillation.
a. 23.27 kHz
b. 15.92 kHz
c. 6.5 kHz
d. 7.97 kHz

48. Determine the open-loop gain for an op-amp having

a frequency of 10 Hz, an open-loop cut-off frequency of
100 Hz and a midrange open-loop gain of 100,000 Hz.
a. 10,000 Hz
b. 99,503 Hz
c. 70,710 Hz
d. 9950 Hz

- Correct answer not included on the choices. This

is considered as BONUS!

49. Movements of holes in a semiconductor

a. is like the flow of electrons in the same direction
b. is possible only if the current is high enough
c. results in a certain amount of electric current
d. causes the material to stop conducting

42. An op-amp has the following parameters: ACL =

finite, Vo = 0 V, Vos = 50 uV. Calculate the input voltage.
a. 50 uV
b. 0
c. 51 uV
d. Cannot be solved, due to unknown value of finite gain
and unknown resistive elements.

50. Determine the value of the external gain-setting

resistor RG for a certain IC instrumentation amplifier with
R1 = R2 = 25 kohm. The closed loop voltage gain is to
be 500.
a. 100 ohm
b. 50 ohm
c. 100 kohm
d. 50 kohm

43. The opposite of noise gain is known as

a. Open-loop gain
b. Closed-loop gain
c. Mid-gain
d. Gain-Bandwidth product

51. The feedback element of a logarithmic op-amp

a. capacitor
b. rectifier diode
c. resistor
d. varistor

44. A star ground connection reduces

a. ESD ground effect
b. ground loop effect
c. Noise gain effect
d. Tribo-electric effect

52. A low pass filter

a. allows DC
b. blocks DC
c. is also known as notch filter
d. is one that significantly attenuates or rejects all
frequencies below the cut-off frequency

45. It is the current flowing from the output of an op-amp

when the output is grounded.
a. Burden current
b. Widlar current
c. Short circuit current
d. Wilson current
46. A battery is usually configured as
a. Rail-to-Rail Op-amp
b. General purpose op-amp
c. Non-inverting op-amp
d. Instrumentation amplifier

53. A certain band-pass filter has a center frequency of

15 kHz and a bandwidth of 1 kHz. Determine the
damping factor and classify the filter.
a. 15 Hz, narrow-band filter
b. 15 Hz, wide-band filter
c. 66.67 ms, narrow-band filter
d. 66.67 ms, wide-band filter
- Answer must be 33.33 m, narrowband. This is
considered as BONUS!

55. A 555 timer configured to run in the astable mode

has the following resistor values: R1 = 2.2 kohm, R2 =
4.7 kohm. What is the duty cycle?
a. 59.5 %
b. 46.8 %
c. 16.8 %
d. 83.333%
56. An oscillator differs from an amplifier because
a. it requires no input signal
b. it has more gain
c. it requires no dc supply
d. it always has the same output
57. Which of the following is not an input or output pin of
the 555 timer?
a. Threshold
b. Clock
c. Trigger
d. Control voltage
58. Phase-shift oscillators are based on
a. positive feedback
b. both positive and negative feedback
c. negative feedback
d. high gain
59. An oscillator whose frequency is changed by a
variable dc voltage is known as
a. a crystal oscillator
b. An Armstrong oscillator
c. a VCO
d. a piezoelectric oscillator
60. A temperature sensor employs a temperature
change of 18 oF. What is the temperature change in oC?
a. -7.778 oC
b. 10 oC
c. 181.4 oC
d. 20 oC
61. It is a mathematical condition to determine when
a linear electronic circuit will oscillate.
a. Seebeck criterion

b. Kelvin criterion
c. Barkhausen criterion
d. Armstrong criterion
62. How many op-amps are needed to build a window
comparator?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
63. The purpose of channel separation in an IC
package is to reduce
a. crosstalk
b. jitter
c. non-linear response
d. chatter
64. It is defined as the unwanted transitions due to rapid
change of input voltage due to the noise in the output of
comparator
a. crosstalk
b. jitter
c. hysterisis
d. chatter
65. Calculate the resonant frequency of a lead-lag
circuit with the following values: R1 = R2 = 6.8 kohm,
and C1 = C2 = 0.02 uF.
a. 585.1 Hz
b. 1.2 kHz
c. 490 Hz
d. 3.34 kHz
66. In SCR, average forward current is
a. the maximum anode current (dc)
b. the maximum anode current (ac)
c. the minimum current required to turn-on
d. the nominal amount of current to turn-on
67. When an SCR is turned-on, the typical anode-tocathode forward voltage is around
a. 0.7 V
b. 1 V
c. 0.3 V
d. 3 V
68. The purpose of gate-to-ground resistor in an LASCR
a. is to adjust the sensitivity
b. is to control the firing delay angle
c. is to reduce base-to-ground stray capacitance
d. is to increase safety factor
69. A type of low pass filter that provides maximum
pass band flatness

a. Bessel
b. Cschebyscheff
c. Butterworth
d. IRR
70. SCS has how many gate terminals?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
71. The data sheet of a certain UJT gives the intrinsic
stand-off ratio of 0.6. Determine the peak-point emitter
voltage if the bulk-base voltage is 20 V.
a. 0.7 V
b. 33.33 V
c. 11.3 V
d. 12.7 V
72. What should be the equivalent OFF period duration
of a pulse width modulated signal if the ON period
duration is 10 ms to control a boost converter with
converter gain of 10?
a. 4.69 ms
b. 5 ms
c. 3.33 ms
d. 1.11 ms
73. It is the countermeasure to the unwanted transition
in a comparator.
a. Low Pass filter
b. Jitter Histogram
c. Magnetic Amplifier
d. Schmitt trigger
74. A PH electrode sensor detects a PH level of 5. The
solution is most likely in a form of
a. Urine
b. Bleach
c. Tomato juice
d. Black coffee
75. He is considered the father of robotics
a. George Devoe
b. Warren Johnson
c. Douglas Engelbert
d. Aristotle
76. The robot TOPIO is a/an
a. Android
b. Humanoid
c. Cyborg
d. Robo-dog

77. In 1959, Bernard Lown commenced research on

defibrillator into an alternative technique which involved
charging of capacitors to approximately 1 kV with an
energy of
a. 100-200 Joules
b. 500-600 Joules
c. 800-900 Joules
d. 50-100 Joules
78. It is an instrument used to examine the interior of a
hallow organ or cavity of the body.
a. endoscope
b. fluoroscope
c. mammogram
d. pacemaker
79. The bandwidth of EEG is typically in the range of
a. 0.05 150 Hz
b. 0.0005 - 1.5 Hz
c. 5 1500 Hz
d. 0.5 - 40 Hz
80. It is the time between pressure application and weld
a. squeeze time
b. weld time
c. hold time
d. off time
81. A coil of 300 turns is wound uniformly on a ring of
non-magnetic material. The ring has a mean
circumference of 40 cm and a uniform cross-sectional
area of 4 cm2. If the current in the coil is 5 A. Determine
the total magnetic flux in the ring.
a. 2.885 uWb
b. 1.885 uWb
c. 3.68 uWb
d. 4.712 uWb
82. A mild steel ring has a radius of 50 mm and a crosssectional area of 400 mm2. A current of 0.5 A flows in a
coil wound uniformly around the ring and the flux
produced is 0.1 mWb. If the relative permeability at this
value of current is 200, find the number of turns on the
coil.
a. 625
b. 825
c. 526
d. 826
83. A conductor carries a current of 10 A to a magnetic
eld having a ux density of 0.9T. If the length of the
conductor in the eld is 30 cm, determine the value of
the force if the conductor is inclined at an angle of 30 to
the direction of the field.
a. 13500 N

b. 5400 N
c. 8500 N
d. 18800 N

b. 5.55 kW and 6.45 kW

c. 2.45 kW and 9.55 kW
d. 6.61 kW and 5.39 kW

b. is accurate to six digits or more

c. works by indirectly measuring the current
d. works by indirectly measuring the voltage

- Correct answer not included on the choices. This

is considered as BONUS!

90. A parallel resonant circuit consists of a coil L =

600uH and R = 60 and a 130pF capacitor. If the circuit
is connected to a 50mV source, what is the circuit
quality factor?
a. 10.7
b. 20.7
c. 35.8
d. 75.3

98. A type of Random access memory that requires

periodic refreshing
a. SRAM
b. DRAM
c. TRAM
d. volatile

84. At what velocity must a conductor 75 mm long cut a

magnetic field of flux density 0.6 T if an e.m.f. of 9 V is
to be induced in it? Assume the conductor, the field and
the direction of motion are mutually perpendicular
a. 100 m/s
b. 200 m/s
c. 300 m/s
d. 50 m/s
85. A series RLC circuit is connected across a 110
variable frequency source. When the frequency is
varied, the maximum effective current is 5.5 A and
occurs at 45 cps. At this frequency, the voltage across
the capacitor is 200 V. Find the power factor of the
circuit at 60 Hz.
a. 0.69 leading
b. 0.69 lagging
c. 0.33 leading
d. 0.33 lagging
86. Armature windings where in there are two paths in
parallel irrespective of the number of poles
a. lap windings
b. wave windings
c. pair windings
d. brush windings
87. It states that, in a system of N electrical
conductors, N-1 electrical meter or wattmeter elements,
when properly connected, will measure the electrical
power or energy taken
a. Blondels Law
b. Pierres Law
c. Millers Law
d. Curies Law
88. Determine the rms value of a semi-circular current
wave which has a maximum value is 16A
a. 20.41 A
b. 13.06 A
c. 19.59 A
d. 30.62A
89. Two wattmeters connected to a 3-phase motor
indicate the total power input to be 12 kW. The total
power factor is 0.6. Determine the readings of each
wattmeter
a. 10.62 kW and 1.38 kW

91. A rheostat
a. can be used in high voltage and/or high power dc
circuits
b. is ideal for tuning a radio receiver
c. is often used as bleeder resistor
d. is better than a potentiometer for low-power audio
92. Evaluate X Y Z + X Y Z + X Y Z + X Y Z
a. X
b. Y
c. Z
d. X Y Z
- Correct answer not included on the choices. This
is considered BONUS!
93. It is considered as the first stored program computer
a. ENIAC
b. EDVAC
c. EDSAC
d. UNIVAC
94. Convert 859 to base 10.
a. 7710
b. 36010
c. 6210
d. 5410
95. Considered as the most busiest bus
a. Address bus
b. Data bus
c. Control bus
d. Lorna bus
96. It is a way of propagation of virus
a. Love Bug
b. Trojan Horse
c. Milkweed
d. Runaway
97. A typical frequency counter
a. has an analog readout

99. USB port has a data rate of

a. 8 Mbit/sec
b. 12 Mbit/sec
c. 16 Mbit/sec
d. 24 Mbit/sec
100. The maximum number of partitions in a computer
a. 24
b. 26
c. 28
d. 30