Part A

1. What is the need for an alternate fuel?

2. How alternative fuel is selected to use in diesel engines?
3. Compare any four important properties of methanol and ethanol.
4. Mention the modifications needed for using ethanol in an engine.
5. What are the major limitations for using vegetable oils in engines?
6. What is esterification process?
7. Tabulate the vegetable oil average emissions compared to diesel.
8. Mention the merits and demerits of biodiesel as alternate fuel.
9. What are the safety precautions to be taken for storing and operation of hydrogen?
10. List the various methods available for producing hydrogen.
11. Explain the on-board production of hydrogen
12. Mention few properties of hydrogen.
13. What are the advantages of CNG as an alternate automotive fuel?
14. Write about the material compatibility of LPG.
15. What are engine the modifications required while using gaseous fuels?
16. Mention the major constitutions of biogas.
17. What are the major types of rechargeable batteries considered for EV and HEV
applications?
18. List the criteria for choosing the battery for EV and HEV application.
19. What is the difference between electric and hybrid vehicles?
20. Suggest suitable hybrid electric drivetrain for city driving conditions and justify your
answer.
21. Enlist the merits of fuel cell technology over electric and hybrid technology for
automotive applications?
22. What are the desirable properties of alternate fuels?
23. Explain how Octane number of a fuel affects the engine performance?
24. What are the advantages of using alcohol in SI engines?
25. What are the desirable properties of biodiesel that makes it suitable for CI engines?
26. What is esterification process?
27. Write in brief about material compatibility of biodiesel.
28. How does Iodine value affects the suitability of vegetable oil in IC engine?
29. List the methods by which hydrogen can be stored on-board a vehicle.
30. Write about material compatibility of hydrogen
31. What are the advantages of using hydrogen as IC engine fuel?
32. Write in brief about the hazards of using hydrogen
33. What are the advantages of CNG as an alternate automotive fuel?
34. Write down the safety aspects of an LPG used in engine.
35. What is the engine modifications required while using gaseous fuels?
36. Write in brief about material compatibility of biogas.
37. Define the terms specific energy and specific power with respect to battery.
38. Sketch the layout of a hybrid vehicle.
39. What is the function of electronic control system in an automobile?
40. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Nickel Cadmium batteries?

Part B
1. Discuss in detail about different characteristics of alternate fuels and their availability
status in the current scenario.
2. Explain in detail about the performance and emission characteristics of alcohol- gasoline
blends in SI engine.
3. Give any four vegetable oils with their physical properties. Explain how they can be used
in a conventional engine.
4. Discuss the performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel and petro-diesel in CI
engine.
5. Explain in detail about the various methods of using hydrogen in SI engines.
6. Discuss the production and storage techniques for hydrogen.
7. Describe the operational functions of typical CNG kit elements with a neat sketch.
8. Explain the performance and emission characteristics of LPG in SI engine.
9. Explain in detail about lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries.
10. With the aid of nest block diagram explain the principle of working of series and parallel
type hybrid vehicle in detail.
11. Discuss in detail about different methods of ethanol production with schematic diagrams.
12. Discuss the properties of alcohol relevant to its use in IC engines and discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen as an IC engine fuel.
13. Explain the process of manufacturing biodiesel with a neat sketch and write the benefits
and drawbacks of biodiesel.
14. Discuss the performance and emission characteristics of vegetable oil in CI engine.
15. What are the major components of a simple petrol-CNG system? And explain the
principle of operation of petrol-CNG system.
16. Discuss the production and storage techniques for hydrogen.
17. What are the major components of a simple petrol-CNG system? And explain the
principle of operation of petrol-CNG system.
18. Write short notes about LPG,CNG& bio gas with their merits and demerits.

19. Explain the different layout of an electric vehicle with a neat sketch and write the
advantages and limitations of electric vehicles.
20. Write short notes on: (i) Hybrid vehicles; (ii) Fuel Cells.