VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
SUBJECT

: EC6404 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

SEM / YEAR: IV / II year B.E.

UnitIBASICSOFOPERATIONALAMPLIFIERS
Current mirror and current sources, Current sources as active loads, Voltage sources, Voltage
References, BJT Differential amplifier with active loads, Basic information about opamps Ideal
OperationalAmplifierGeneraloperationalamplifierstagesandinternalcircuitdiagramsofIC741,DC
andACperformancecharacteristics,slewrate,Openandclosedloopconfigurations.
PartA
Q.No
Questions
BTLevel
Competence
1.
Describeoffsetvoltageofanoperationalamplifier
BTL1
Remember
2.
DefineCMRR.
BTL1
Remember
3.
Explaintheconceptthatwhatdoyoumeanbybalancedand
BTL2
Understand
unbalancedoutput?
4.
Whatisanidealopamp?
BTL1
Remember
5.
Explainthermaldrift?
BTL1
Remember
6.
Writeshortnoteaboutcurrentmirrorwithmagnification.
BTL1
Remember
7.
Describeslewrateandwhatcausestheslewrate?
BTL1
Remember
8.
Stateloadingeffect?Howcanyoureduceit?
BTL2
Understand
9.
WhydoweuseRcompresistor?
BTL2
Understand
10.
Whatisthegaincrossoverandphasecrossoverfrequencies?
BTL2
Understand
11.
Categorizethecharacteristicsofanidealopamp.
BTL3
Apply
12.
Givetheinternalblockdiagramofanopamp.
BTL3
Apply
13.
DrawthepindiagramofIC741.
BTL3
Apply
14.
Mentiontheimportanceofinputoffsetcurrent.
BTL4
Analyze
15.
Writenoteaboutinputbiascurrent.
BTL4
Analyze
16.
AnalyzethedrawbacksofusinglargeRCindifferentialamplifier.
BTL4
Analyze
17.
Briefthenecessityofactiveloadspreferredthanpassiveloadsin
BTL5
Evaluate
theinputstageofanoperationalamplifier.
18.
Justifythat,whyIC741opampnotusedforhighfrequency
BTL5
Evaluate
applications?
19.
Calculatethemaximumdistortedamplitudethatasinewave
BTL6
Create
inputof10kHz,canproduceattheoutputofanopampwhose
slewrateis0.5v/sec.
20.
ADifferentialamplifierhasadifferentialvoltagegainof2000and
BTL6
Create
K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

1.
2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.
8.

9.

10.

commonmodegainof0.2.DetermineCMRR.
PartB
Define and explain slew rate. Derive its equation. Also explain
BTL1
methodadaptedtoimprovingslewrate.
(i) Write down the characteristics and their respective values of
BTL1
anidealoperationalamplifier(6)
(ii) Draw the circuit of basic current mirror and explain its
operation.(10)
(i) Describe about output offset voltage. Explain methods to
BTL1
nullifyoffsetvoltage.(8)
(ii) With neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of Voltage
referencecircuitusingtemperaturecompensation.(8)
(i)Discussoncurrentmirrorwithmagnification.(8)
BTL2
(ii) Use appropriate block diagram, explain the general stages of
anOpAmpIC.(8)
(i) Explain in detail about frequency compensation techniques
BTL2
appliedtooperationalamplifiers.(8)
(ii)Brieflydescribeaboutmultiplecurrentsources.(8)
(i) Draw the circuit of basic current mirror and explain its
BTL3
operation(8)
(ii)GivethedetailtheDCanalysisofabasicdifferentialamplifier
or obtain the expression for operating point values of a basic
differentialamplifier.(8)
Obtain the expression for differential gain, common mode gain,
BTL4
CMRR,RIandROofanemittercoupleddifferentialamplifier.
(i)SketchtheWilsoncurrentsourceandgivedetailednoteabout
BTL3
it.(8)

(ii) Using suitable diagram and necessary equations, explain the

BTL4
conceptofWidlarcurrentsourceusedinopampcircuit.(8)
Derive the transfer characteristics of dual input differential

amplifier showing the linear and limiting regions. Comment on

BTL5
thesame
(i) A square wave peaktopeak amplitude of 50mV has to be
BTL6
amplifiedtoapeaktopeakamplitudeof3V,withrisetimeof4
sorless.CanIC741beused?(8)
(ii) A IC741 OpAmp whose slew rate is 0.5V/s is used as an
invertingamplifierwithagainof50.ThevoltagegainVsfrequency
curveofIC741isflatupto20kHz.Whatmaximumpeaktopeak
inputsignalcanbeappliedwithoutdistortingtheoutput.(8)

UNITIIAPPLICATIONSOFOPERATIONALAMPLIFIERS

Remember
Remember

Remember

Understand

Understand

Apply

Analyze

Apply

Analyze

Evaluate
Create

SignChanger,ScaleChanger,PhaseShiftCircuits,VoltageFollower,VtoIandItoVconverters,adder,
subtractor,Instrumentationamplifier,Integrator,Differentiator,Logarithmicamplifier,Antilogarithmic
amplifier, Comparators, Schmitt trigger, Precision rectifier, peak detector, clipper and clamper, Low
pass,highpassandbandpassButterworthfilters.
K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

PARTA
Q.No

Questions

BTLevel

1.

What are the advantages of variable transconductance

technique?

BTL2

Competence

Understand

2.

Write the output expression for following: inverting & non

invertingamplifiers,Integratoranddifferentiator.

BTL2

Understand

3.

Mentiontheapplicationsofvoltagetocurrentconverters.

BTL2

Understand

4.
5.

Briefnoteaboutaninstrumentationamplifier
Compare the performance of inverting and non inverting
operationalamplifierconfigurations.
Givetheapplicationsofinverting&non invertingamplifiers.
Draw the inverting & non inverting amplifiers with appropriate
equatons.

BTL1
BTL4

Remember
Analyze

BTL1
BTL3

Remember
Apply

6.
7.
8.

List the applications for each of the following circuits: Voltage

follower,Peakdetector,Schmitttrigger,Clamper.

BTL2

Understand

9.

Why integrators are preferred over differentiators in analog

computers?

BTL5

Evaluate

10.

SummarizethefrequencyexpressionsforLPF,HPFandBPF.

BTL1

Remember

11.

Enumeratetheadvantages&disadvantagesofpassivefilters?

BTL1

Remember

12.

Sketchtheopampintegrator&differentiatorcircuitwith
necessaryequation.
Definecomparator
Illustratesomeoftheimportantfeaturesofaninstrumentation
amplifier.
Constructanaddercircuitusingopamptogettheoutput
expressionasVo=(0.1V1 +V2+5V3)
Demonstratetheneedforfrequencycompensationinpractical
opamps
Show the necessity of active guard drive in an instrumentation
amplifier.

BTL3

Apply

BTL1
BTL1

Remember
Remember

BTL3

Apply

BTL4

Analyze

BTL4

Analyze

Findtheoutputvoltageofthefollowingcircuit.GivenR1 =R2 =
10kand Rf =100

BTL6

Create

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

19.

Howdoesprecisionrectifierdifferfromtheconventional
rectifier?
20. Designanamplifierwithagainof10andinputresistanceequal
to10k.

PARTB
1. Explain the operation of Instrumentation amplifier with suitable

BTL5

Evaluate

BTL6

Create

BTL2

Understand

diagram.
(i)UsingappropriateequationsdiscussabouttheworkingofHalf
BTL4

wavePrecisionRectifier.(10)
BTL4
(ii)ExaminetheprincipalofoperationofVoltagefollowerWiththe
neatcircuitdiagramandmathematicalexpressions.(6)
3. (i) Draw and explain the operation of Triangular wave generator.
BTL1

(6)
BTL1
(ii)WriteshortnotesonsecondorderLowPassButterworthfilter
(Sallenkeyfilter).(10)
4. (i) With neat sketch explain the working of Full wave Precision
BTL3

Rectifierindetail.(8)
BTL3
(ii)SketchtheIntegratorcircuitandexplaintheworkingprinciple
indetail.(8)
5. (i)DesignanOPAMPbasedfirstorderactivelowpassfilter.(8)
BTL6

(ii) Create a second order Butterworth LPF having upper cutoff

BTL6
frequency1kHz.Determinethefrequencyresponse.(8)
6. Construct the basic circuit using opamp for the mathematical
BTL1
operationofdifferentiationandexplainindetail.
7. (i)Drawandexplainthecircuitofavoltagetocurrentconverterif
BTL1
theloadisa)Floatingb)Grounded(8)

(ii)Withtheneatcircuitdiagramandmathematicalexpressions,
BTL3
explaintheoperationofScalechanger.(8)
8. Derive the expression for log computation using opamp and

BTL5
explainnecessarycircuitdiagram.
9. i)WithneatdiagramexplaintheoperationofSchmitttrigger.(8)
BTL2
ii)Design a wide band filter having FL=400Hz, FH=2kHz and pass
bandgainof4.FindthevalueofQoffilter(8)
10. (i)Concludethathowantilogcomputationsareperformedusing
BTL5

IC741explainusingcircuitsandnecessaryequations.(8)

(ii)InvestigatetheoperationofInvertingadderandNoninverting
BTL4
adder With the neat circuit diagram and mathematical
expressions.(8)

2.

Analyze
Analyze

Remember

Remember
Apply

Apply
Create

Create
Remember

Remember

Apply

Evaluate
Understand

Evaluate

Analyze

UNITIIIANALOGMULTIPLIERANDPLL
AnalogMultiplierusingEmitterCoupledTransistorPair GilbertMultipliercell Variabletransconductance
technique,analogmultiplierICsandtheirapplications,OperationofthebasicPLL,Closedloopanalysis,

K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

Voltagecontrolledoscillator,MonolithicPLLIC565,applicationofPLLforAMdetection,FMdetection,FSK
modulationanddemodulationandFrequencysynthesizing.
PARTA
Q.N
o
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Questions

BTLevel

Competence

ListthebasicbuildingblocksofPLL.
Definelockinrange&capturerangeofaPLL.
WhatisPullintime?
Forperfectlock,whatshouldbethephaserelationbetweenthe
incomingsignalandVCOoutputsignal?
Nametheclassificationofphasedetector.Writeaboutswitchtype
phasedetector.
Illustratetheproblemsassociatedwithswitchtypephasedetector

BTL1
BTL1
BTL1
BTL4

Remember
Remember
Remember
Analyze

BTL2

Understand

BTL2

Understand

WhyVCOisalsocalledasVtoFconverter?
OnwhatparametersdoesthefreerunningfrequencyofVCOdepend
on?
GivetheexpressionfortheVCOfreerunningfrequency.
DemonstrateVoltagetoFrequencyconversionfactor.
IdentifythepurposeofhavingalowpassfilterinPLL.
Discusstheeffectofhavinglargecapturerange.
EvaluatesometypicalapplicationsofPLL
HowwouldyouexplaincompanderIC?Givesomeexamples.
Identifythemeritsofcompanding
TelltheapplicationsofOTA.
Estimatefourquadrantmultiplier.
Whatisthenecessityofmodulation?
DrawthecircuitofAMdetectorusingPLL.
Comparetheadvantages&disadvantagesofmonolithicPLLsover
DiscretePLLs?

BTL1
BTL3

Remember
Apply

BTL2
BTL2
BTL3
BTL6
BTL5
BTL1
BTL3
BTL1
BTL5
BTL6
BTL4
BTL4

Understand
Understand
Apply
Create
Evaluate
Remember
Apply
Remember
Evaluate
Create
Analyze
Analyze

BTL1

Remember

BTL2

Understand

BTL4
BTL3

AnalyzeApply

BTL6

Create

PARTB
1.
2.
3.

4.

HowwouldyoudescribetheblockdiagramofPLLandderivethe
expressionforLockrangeandcapturerange.(16)
IllustratetheoperationofVCOwithneatblockdiagram.Alsoderivean
expressionforf0.(16)
(i)AnalyzetheGilbertsfourquadrantmultipliercellwithaneatcircuit
diagram.(8)
(ii)Identifyhowafrequencydoublercanberealizedusingthiscell.(8)
DiscussanythreeapplicationsofPLLindetail.(16)

K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

5.

Explainthepurposeandfunctioningof
(i)Variabletransconductancemultiplier(8)
(ii)Frequencysynthesizer(8)

ii) Estimate the working principle of operational Transconductance

Amplifier (OTA). (10)
ii) Explain the application of VCO for FM generation. (6)
7. i)Definecapturerangeandlockrange. (4)
ii)Explaintheprocessofcapturingthelockandalsoderiveforcapture
rangeandlockrange.(12)
8. i) How would you explain the working of a VCO. (8)
ii) Derive the expression for voltage to frequency conversion factor.
(8)
9. DeterminehowtheIC565PLLcanbeusedasaFrequency
multiplier/divider.(16)
10. (i)Outlinethemultipliercellusingemittercoupledtransistorpair.(8)
(ii)Analyzethattheoutputvoltageisproportionaltotheproductof
thetwoinputvoltagesandstatetheirlimitations.(8)
6.

BTL2

Understand

BTL3

Apply

BTL1

Remember

BTL1

Remember

BTL5

Evaluate

BTL2
BTL4

Understand
Analyze

UNITIVANALOGTODIGITALANDDIGITALTOANALOGCONVERTERS
AnalogandDigitalDataConversions,D/Aconverter specifications weightedresistortype,R2RLadder
type,VoltageModeandCurrentModeR2RLaddertypesswitchesforD/Aconverters,highspeed
sampleandholdcircuits,A/DConvertersspecificationsFlashtypeSuccessiveApproximationtypeSingle
SlopetypeDualSlopetypeA/DConverterusingVoltagetoTimeConversionOversamplingA/D
Converters
PARTA
Q.
No
1.
2.
3.

Questions

BTLevel

Competence

BTL2
BTL4
BTL1

Understand
Analyze
Remember

4.

HowwouldyouclassifyADCs.
ListthedirecttypeADCs.
Whatisthefunctionofintegratingtypeconverter?Listoutsome
integratingtypeconverters.
BrieftheprincipleofoperationofsuccessiveApproximationADC.

BTL2

Understand

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

WhatarethemainadvantagesofintegratingtypeADCs?
WherearethesuccessiveapproximationtypeADCsused?
ComparetheadvantagesanddrawbacksofadualslopADC.
Distinguishbetweenconversiontimeandsettlingtime.
Estimateyouropinionofresolutionofadataconverter.
Defineaccuracyofconverter.
BriefaboutmonotonicDAC?
Summarizedeltamodulation.
HowwouldyoujustifywhichtypeofADCisthefastest?
Spelltheprincipleofoperationofvoltagetotimeconversion?

BTL1
BTL1
BTL2
BTL4
BTL5
BTL1
BTL1
BTL2
BTL5
BTL1

Remember
Remember
Understand
Analyze
Evaluate
Remember
Remember
Understand
Evaluate
Remember

K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

15. CalculatethevaluesofLSBandMSBforan8bitDACfor0Vto10V
range.
16. Constructgranularerrorandslopeoverloaderror.
17. Solvean8bitDAChasanoutputvoltagerangeof02.55V.Calculate
itsresolution.
18. Inventthenumberofcomparatorsrequiredforrealizinga4bitflash
ADC.
19. CompareandcontrastbinaryladderandR2RladderDAC.
20. ModelSampleandholdcircuit,Whyisitneeded?

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

7.

8.

9.

PARTB
Withneatinternaldiagram,explainthefollowing

(i)DualslopeADC(8)

ii)SuccessiveApproximationADC.(8)
a)EstimatetheworkingofR2RladdertypeDAC.(8)
b)ComparebinaryweightedDACwithR2RladdernetworkDAC.(8)
WithcircuitschematicexplainanalogswitchesusingFET.(16)
(i)WhatarethedifferentsourcesoferrorinDAC(8)
(ii)AnalysethetypesoferrorsinDAC(8)
ShowtheworkingprincipleofDMandADM.(16)
DiscussindetailaboutthefollowingDigitaltoAnalogconversion
techniques.
i)R2RladdertypeDAC(8)
ii)WeightedresistorDAC(8)
.
(i)Drawthediagramofsampleandholdcircuit. (8)
(ii)Statehowyouwillreduceitsholdmodedroop.(8)

Designa4bitbinaryweightedresistorDACforthefollowing
specifications:UseLM741opamp,R=10k,Vref=2.5Vandfullscale
output=5V.(16)
AdualslopeADChasafullscaleinputof2Volts.Itusesanintegrating
timeof10msandintegratingcapacitorof0.1f.themaximum
magnitudeoftheintegratoroutputshouldnotexceed3V.Calculate
thevalueoftheintegratingresistor.(16)

10. i)Explaintheworkingofavoltagetotimeconverterandvoltageto
frequencyconverter.(8)
ii)ConstructtheworkingofdualslopeADC(8)

BTL6

Create

BTL3
BTL3

Apply
Apply

BTL6

Create

BTL4
BTL3

Analyze
Apply

BTL2

Understand

BTL5
BTL4
BTL1

Evaluate
Analyze
Remember

BTL4

Analyze

BTL1
BTL2

Remember
Understand

BTL1
BTL1

Remember
Remember

BTL6

Create

BTL3

Apply

BTL5
BTL3

Evaluate
Apply

UNIT V WAVEFORM GENERATORS AND SPECIAL FUNCTION ICS

Sine-wave generators, Multivibrators and Triangular wave generator, Saw-tooth wave generator,
ICL8038 function generator, Timer IC 555, IC Voltage regulators Three terminal fixed and adjustable
voltage regulators - IC 723 general purpose regulator - Monolithic switching regulator, Switched
capacitor filter IC MF10, Frequency to Voltage and Voltage to Frequency converters, Audio Power
amplifier, Video Amplifier, Isolation Amplifier, Opto-couplers and fibre optic IC.
PART A
Q.No
Questions
BT Level Competence
K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

1.

What are the different protection circuits inside the monolithic IC

regulator?

BTL 2

Understand

2.
3.

List the applications of opto coupler.

State the two conditions for oscillation.

BTL 4
BTL 1

Analyze
Remember

4.

Give the classification of voltage regulators

BTL 2

Understand

5.

What is a switching regulator?

BTL 1

Remember

6.

List the applications of 555 timer in Monostable mode of

operation.

BTL 1

Remember

7.
8.

What are the three different wave forms generated by ICL8038?

Mention the need for current limiting in voltage regulators?

BTL 2
BTL 4

Understand
Analyze

9.
10.

Compare Linear regulator and Switched mode regulator.

Give some examples of monolithic IC voltage regulators.

BTL 5
BTL 1

Evaluate
Remember

11.
12.
13.

Draw the functional block diagram of IC 723 regulator.

Compare Audio Power Amplifier and Video Amplifier.
How would you classify an opto-coupler ? List the characteristics
of opto-couplers.

BTL 1
BTL 2
BTL 5

Remember
Understand
Evaluate

14.

Define line and load regulation of a regulator.

BTL 1

Remember

15.

In a Astable multivibrator of 555 times RA=606k and C=0.1F.

Calculate (a) t HIGH (b)t LOW (c) free running frequency (d) duty
cycle (D).
How does switched capacitor emulate resistor?
With reference to a VCO, define voltage to frequency conversion
factor Kv.
In a monostable multivibrator using 555 timer, R=100k and the
time delay is 100ms.Find the value of C.

BTL 6

Create

BTL 3
BTL 3

Apply
Apply

BTL 6

Create

19.

List the types of Multivibrator.

BTL 4

Analyze

20.

What is the purpose of connecting a capacitor at the input and

output side of an IC voltage regulator?

BTL 3

Apply

BTL 2

Understand

BTL 2

Understand

BTL 1

Remember

16.
17.
18.

PART B
1.
2.

Write a short notes on

i) Opto couplers and Switched capacitor filter (10)
ii) Isolation amplifier (6)
(i)Explain the functional diagram of LM 380 power amplifier. (10)
(ii)Write the essential characteristics of power amplifier.

3.

(6)

What is 555 timer? Explain the working of 555 timer as

Monostable Multivibrator (10)
(ii) Derive an expression for the frequency of oscillation with
relevant waveforms.(6)
K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)

4.
5.

(i) What is a Switching regulator? Explain the operation of

switching regulator with neat diagram. (10)
(ii) Write short note on frequency to voltage converters.(6)
(i) Explain the working of Astable Multivibrator using op-amp.(10)

BTL 4

Analyze

BTL 1

Remember

BTL 6

Create

BTL 1

Remember

BTL 5

Evaluate

BTL 3

Apply

BTL3

Apply

BTL 4

Analyze

(ii) Explain any one application of Astable Multivibrator(6)

6.
7.
8.
9.

i)Design a phase shift oscillator to oscillate at 100 Hz. (6)

ii)Describe Monostable multivibrator with necessary diagrams and
derive for ON time and recovery time.(10)
(i) Explain the working of Linear Voltage regulator with neat
circuit diagram using op-amps.(10)
(ii) List the characteristics of voltage regulator(6)
(i)Briefly describe about monolithic switching regulator .(10)
(ii) Write short note on voltage to frequency converters.(6)
(i)Explain in detail the function of 555 timer in Astable mode(10)
(ii)Derive the expression for the pulse width. (6)

10. (i) What is the basic principle of function generator? Draw the
schematic of ICL 8038 function generator and discuss its
features.(10)
(ii)Find the expression for the frequency of a triangular waveform
generator and explain the circuit.(6)

K.KAMALA, AP(Sr.G)

S.SUBBULAKSHMI, AP(Sr.G)

M.SELVARAJ, AP(O.G)