The physical elements of a township are divided into three categories:

1. Networks
Networks are array of pathways to carry the flow of people, goods, water, energy, and
information.
2. Buildings,
Buildings are the most visible elements of a township, which establish its unique character.
Residential buildings
Commercial buildings
Institutional buildings
3. Open spaces.
Open space is sometimes treated as leftover, but it greatly contributes the quality of life.
Hard spaces such as plazas, courtyards provide settings for public activities.
Soft spaces such as parks, gardens provide essential relief and serves for
recreational activities.
Aims and objectives
To create a township where a sense of continuity of fundamental values of security exist
and to plan a good living environment.
To achieve a settlement character by establishing a harmony between the built
environment and the people.
To create a balanced community encouraging co-operation, fraternity , tolerance and self
help generated through a physical planning process.
To improve the transportation facilities
To optimize the resources utilization
To balance population and economic activities
Checklist to design a healthy housing environment
Compact in size
Mix of uses
Area of amenities like market, recreational centers, halls should not be less than 5 of
gross area and should be evenly placed. Minimum primary healthcare facilities should
be provided in required place.
Network of streets
Public open spaces
These areas should excluding statutary open spaces and should be distributed in all
residential clusters. Minimum 20% area should provide as open space and allow general
public also
Building typologies
Shall be clustered, neighborhood planning or plotted in proper grid pattern.
Parking strategies

 Transit opportunities
Infrastructure Facilities
The entire onsite infrastructure includes, Roads, approach road, street lights , water
supply, drainage systems and amenities .
o Water supply
Develop rain water harvesting, ground water recharge and waste water recycling
project on site.
o Drainage and garbage disposal
Develop proper means for disposal of sewage and solid waste
o Power supply
Develop renewable energy sources such as solar parks to make the housing unit
self sustained.
Neighborhood unit should consist of orderly arrangement of all facilities which are to be shared
in common by the residents. Basic amenities at reach of 5minute radius

Parks
Community centre
Educational institutes
Neighborhood services
Commercial services
Weekly markets
Healthcare facilities
Senior citizen meeting places
Place of worship

PROTECTIVE STRIPS
These are necessary to protect the units from annoyance of the traffic. This can be done by
providing a commercial strip along the primary road and also provision of space for facilities like
parks, playgrounds and road widening in future.
Environmental Aspects considered in design:
Environmental aspects include the factors which are responsible to define the environmental
conditions of that township. The environmental indicators includes
Rain water harvesting
Waste management
Use of Passive technologies for energy generation.
Use of ecofriendly materials in building constructions.
Gardens and open spaces
Provision of space for community farming
Reduction in pollution/ No pollution of Air/water/soil/Noise etc.
Reduction in building footprints.