Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FEBRUARY-2012
ISSN : 0126-0537
2)
ABSTRACT
The research is aimed to confirm the potency of
several botanical pesticides to be used as natural
biological control and to know the most infective
stadium of T. kanzawai was done at Pest and
Disease Laboratory of Indonesian Tropical Fruits
Research Institute from May to August 2009. A
factorial completely randomized design was used
in this research. Two factors were observed; first,
four kinds of botanical pesticides consist of four
treatment levels i.e. extracts of neem, soursop,
Siam weed leaves and sterilized water as
control.The second was the stadia of T. kanzawai
that consist of three levels i.e. larva, nymph and
adult. The result showed that Siam weed and
soursop leaves extracts caused anti-feedent
behavior and decreased mobility at five days after
treatment. In addition, exoskeleton of treated T.
kanzawai darkened from white, yellowish and
bright brown. Extracts of Sourshop and Siam
weed leaves caused very high mortality (96.67%)
of T. kanzawae compared to neem (79.17%).
However, there was no significant difference in
mortality rates among the four active stadia of T.
kanzawai with average mortality range from
65.63% to 79.38%.
Keywords: botanical pesticide, T. kanzawai, control
INTRODUCTION
Phytophagous mites are important agricultural pests due to their diverse host range and
behaviour. Their minute size often allows them to
remain undetected until populations have
reached economic levels. Some species of
phytophagous mites are known vector of several
plant viruses. One of the most damaging phyto-
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
Remarks:
CPM
= corrected percentation of mortalility
% MTM = percent mortality of tested mites
% MC = percent mortality of control
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
Tabel 1. Average number of T. Kanzawai that was done feed activity after application of botanical pesticide
Treatments
A0B1
A0B2
A0B3
A1B1
A1B2
A1B3
A2B1
A2B2
A2B3
A3B1
A3B2
A3B3
1
6.75 f
4.00 d
5.50 e
1.00 b
0.75 ab
2.50 c
0.75 ab
0.00 a
0.50 ab
1.75 ab
3.25 cd
0.75 ab
2
1.50 bc
5.00 e
6.75 f
2.00 c
1.00 b
3.50 d
0.75 ab
1.00 b
1.50 bc
0.50 ab
1.75 bc
0.00 a
1.50 b
5.25 c
6.50 d
1.25 b
1.75 b
4.75 c
0.00 a
0.50 ab
0.75 ab
0.75 ab
0.50 ab
0.25 a
1.75 bc
5.25 d
6.00 d
1.00 b
2.75 c
2.25 c
0.50 ab
0.50 ab
0.25 ab
0.00 a
0.25 ab
0.00 a
2.00 c
4.75 d
4.25 d
1.00 b
1.25 b
0.25 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
1.50 c
2.50 d
3.50 e
0.75 b
0.75 b
0.50 b
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
1.75 c
2.25 d
2.25 d
1.00 b
0.25 a
0.25 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
1.00 d
1.75 e
2.00 f
0.75 c
0.25 b
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.50 c
1.50 d
1.50 d
0.25 b
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
0.00 a
Remarks: - Means value in each column with the same letters are not significantly different at p = 0.05 based on
Honest Significantly Different (HSD) test. Combination treatment of botanical pesticides and stadium T.
kanzawai were used involve Control (Sterile water / A0), Neem leaves extract(A1), Soursop leaves
extract(A2), Siam weed leaves extract (A3), Larva (B1), Nymph (B2), Adult (B3)
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
Table 2. Average numbers of touch toward T. Kanzawai as parameters of infection symptom such walk
capability after application of botanical pesticide
Treatments
A0B1
A0B2
A0B3
0.93 ab
0.58 a
0.73 ab
0.75 a
0.90 a
1.03 a
1.15 a
1.15 a
1.03 a
1.18 a
1.25 a
1.38 a
1.30 a
1.05 a
1.30 a
1.38 a
1.08 a
1.70 a
1.73 a
1.48 a
2.0 a
1.80 a
2.05 a
3.30 a
2.38 a
2.53 a
4.10 a
A1B1
A1B2
2.28 d
3.25 e
2.28 c
1.83 bc
2.35 b
2.28 b
3.73 b
2.70 b
3.95 b
5.03 bc
4.38 b
5.60 bc
6.18 b
6.40 b
8.13 b
7.0 b
8.55 b
7.48 b
A1B3
A2B1
1.68 c
1.25 b
2.38 c
2.18 c
3.0 bc
2.45 b
3.68 b
3.48 b
5.23 bc
4.45 b
6.28 c
5.95 bc
8.45 c
6.33 b
8.43 b
8.40 b
9.00 b
8.90 b
A2B2
A2B3
0.63 a
0.68 a
1.80 bc
2.93 d
4.80 d
3.60 cd
5.13 c
6.43 cd
7.15 cd
8.30 d
7.73 cd
8.60 d
7.53 bc
8.60 c
7.83 b
8.68 b
8.53 b
8.90 b
A3B1
A3B2
1.08 b
0.95 ab
1.75 bc
1.08 ab
4.20 d
3.28 c
6.68 d
5.43 c
7.50 cd
6.40 c
8.25 d
7.50 cd
8.68 c
8.18 c
8.78 b
8.55 b
8.88 b
8.80 b
A3B3
1.10 b
1.53 b
4.68 d
7.15 d
8.20 d
8.30 d
8.58 c
8.78 b
9.00 b
Remarks: - Means value in each column with the same letters are not significantly different at p = 0.05 based on
Honest Significantly Different (HSD) test.
- Combination treatment of botanical pesticides and stadium T. kanzawai were used involve
Control (Steril water / A0), Neem leaves extract(A1), Soursop leaves extract(A2), Siam
weed leaves extract (A3), Larvae (B1), Nimph (B2), Adult (B3)
- 0-1 numbers of touch mean walk very fast
- 2-3 numbers of touch mean walk fast
- 4-6 numbers of touch mean walk slow
- 7-9 numbers of touch mean walk very slow or unmoved but still alive or die
10,00
9,00
8,00
7,00
6,00
5,00
4,00
3,00
2,00
1,00
0,00
Larvae
Nimph
Imago
Control
Neem
Soursop
Kind of botanical pestiside
Siam weed
Figure 1. Walk capability of several stadia T. kanzawai after treated by some botanical pesticides
extract at the end of observation (ninth days after treatment) based on number of touch
by used of a very fine drawing brush
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
120
Larvae
100
Nimph
Imago
80
60
40
20
0
Control
Neem
Soursop
Siam weed
Percentage of mortality several stadia of T. kanzawai after treated with some extracts of
botanical pesticides at the end of observation (ninth day after treatment)
90
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FEBRUARY-2012
ISSN : 0126-0537
Table 3. Body colour changes as sign of infection symptom on T. kanzawai as result of botanical pesticides treatment
Kind of Botanical Pesticides
Dat
1
2
3
4
A0B1
White
transparent
White
transparent
White
transparent
Yellowish
green
Control
A0B2
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
A0B3
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
A1B1
White
transparent
White
transparent
White
transparent
Yellowish
green
Neem
A1B2
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Dark
brown
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Dark
brown
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Dark
brown
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Dark
brown
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
A1B3
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Soursop
A2B2
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
A2B3
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
A3B1
White
transparent
White
transparent
White
transparent
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
A2B1
White
transparent
White
transparent
White
transparent
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Black
Dark brown
to black
Black
Dark brown
to black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown
to black
Dark
brown
to black
Black
Black
Siam weed
A3B2
Yellowish
green
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
A3B3
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Yellowish
green
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Bright
reddish
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Dark
brown to
black
Black
http://dx.doi.org/10.17503/Agrivita-2012-34-1-p084-093
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
Table 4. Interaction between kind of botanical pesticide treatment and kind of T. Kanzawai stadium
toward parameter percentage of mortality at the end of the observation
Kind of botanical pesticide
Control/water (A0)
Neem leaves extract (A1)
Sourhop leaves extract (A2)
Siam weed leaves extract (A3)
Average
Remarks:
12.50 a
65.00 b
92.50 c
92.50 c
65.63 b
17.50 a
100 c
100 c
100 c
79.38 b
Average
14.17 a
79.17 b
96.67 c
96.67 c
71.67
Means value in each column with the same letters are not significantly different at p = 0.05 based on
Honest Significantly Difference (HSD) test
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Affandi and Handoko: The Potency of Botanical Pesticide to Control..
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