A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE USING

RATIO ANALYSIS AT ING VYSYA BANK

PROJECT REPORT
Submitted To
UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of
MASTER OF COMMERCE
SUBMITTED BY
N.SABARISUDHA
(KC10557)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mrs. S. DEVA PRASANNA,M.com, M.Phil., MBA
Assistant Professor
Department of Commerce

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
CHEVALIER T.THOMAS ELIZABETH COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
Sembium, Chennai - 600 011
(Affiliated to the University of Madras)
1

CHEVALIER T.THOMAS ELIZABETH

COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
SEMBIUM, CHENNAI - 600 011
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project work entitled A STUDY ON FINANCIAL

PERFORMANCE USING RATIO ANALYSIS AT ING VYSYA BANK is a
bonafide work done by N. SABARI SUDHA of the DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE OF CHEVALIER T.THOMAS ELIZABETH COLLEGE FOR
WOMEN for the award of the Degree of Master Of Commerce batch 2011-2013
under the Guidance of Mrs. S. DEVA PRASANNA,M.com, M.Phil., MBA,
faculty incharge.

Head of the Department

Faculty In-Charge

Internal Examiner

External Examiner
2

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this project work A STUDY ON FINANCIAL

PERFORMANCE USING RATIO ANALYSIS is a record of original project
work undertaken by me under the valuable guidance and supervision of
Mrs.S.DEVA PRASANNA M.com., M.phil., MBA in partial fulfillment of
master degree in commerce. This project is done at ING VYSYA BANK. It has
not been submitted elsewhere for any degree or diploma.

Place : Chennai
Date :

N.SABARISUDHA

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I profoundly express my sincere gratitude to Dr.HANIFA GHOSH, M.A, M.PHIL,

PH.D, PRINCIPAL OF C.T.T.E COLLEGE FOR WOMEN for enabling me to
undergo PROJECT WORK AT ING VYSYA BANK.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to Mrs. R.RAJALAKSHMI, M.COM,
M.PHIL, DEAN OF THE COLLEGE AND HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE for her encouragement to the completion of my project.
I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude and thanks to Mrs.DEVA
PRASANNA, M.COM, M.PHIL,MBA, Assistant professor in DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE for her guidance.
I have great pleasure in thanking MR. MURALI KRISHNAN, MBA, Branch
Operations and Service Head for the continuous support and timely help rendered
to me during my training period.

TABLES OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO.

CHAPTER NAME

PAGE NO.

I.

Introduction

1.1 Objectives of the Study

22

1.2 Scope of the study

23

1.3 Limitations of the study

25

II.

Company profile

28

III.

3.1 Review of literature

55

3.2 Research Methodology

57

IV.

Analysis and Interpretation

60

V.

5.1 Findings

86

5.2 Suggestions

88

5.3 conclusion

90

Bibliography

92

Annexure

93

INTRODUCTION
The institutional training gives the students, as practical knowledge about the
functioning of the company as such there is a wide difference between doing things
practically and learning the same things theoretically.
The institutional training enlightens the mind of the students about various
policies, procedures and program of the organization. In addition, it helps to keep
in touch with the person holding high position which enriches.
Institutional training may be described as process of placing the students
before an organization, making them familiar with its line of function and asking
them to perform some duties, which involves technical skills.
This training bridges of group between for fetch theory and down to earth
really in an organization. Such training is an added significance because kinds of
jobs. So the students are become more adaptable and efficient in the future.
The subject of institution training is almost very important among the entire
subject that a student comes across during their course.

FINANCE (MEANING)
Finance is the life blood and nerve centre of a business, just as circulation of
blood is essential in the human body for maintaining life. Finance is very essential
for smooth running of business. Right from the very beginning i.e., conceiving an
idea to business, finance is needed to promote or establish the business, acquire
fixed assets, make investigations such as market surveys etc., develop product,
keep men and machines at work, encourage management to make progress and
create values. Even an existing firm may require further finance for making
improvement or expanding the business.

ORGANIZATION OF THE FINANCE FUNCTION

Many tasks of financial management and allied areas (like accounting)
which are specialised in nature and which are attended to by specialists. These
tasks will be performed by two financial officers of the firm, the treasurer and the
controller. The treasurer is responsible mainly for financing and investment
activities and the controller is concerned primarily with accounting and control.

FUNCTIONS OF TREASURER AND THE CONTROLLER

TREASURER

CONTROLLER

Obtaining finance

Financial accounting

Banking relationship

Internal auditing

Cash management

Taxation

Credit administration

Management accounting

Capital budgeting

And control

10

ORGANIZATION OF FINANCE FUNCTION

11

FINANCIAL SYSTEM
The financial system comprises of a variety of intermediaries, markets, and
instruments. It provides the principal means by which savings are transformed into
investments.
The financial system is divided into six sections
Functions of the financial system
Financial assets
Financial markets
Financial market returns
Financial intermediaries
Regulatory infrastructure

FUNCTIONS OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM

It provides a payment system for the exchange of goods and services.
It enables the pooling of funds for undertaking large scale enterprises.
It provides a mechanism for spatial and temporal transfer of resources.
It provides a way for managing uncertainty and controlling risk
It generates information that helps in coordinating decentralized
decision making.
It helps in dealing with the incentive problem when one party has an
informational advantage.

12

13

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
In order to manage finance, a new management discipline was conceived. Such
discipline is known as financial management. Financial management was a branch
of Economics till 1890. Later it was developed into a separate subject. Financial
management refers to the management of flow of funds in the firm.

DEFINITION
SOLOMON financial management is concerned with the efficient use of an
important economic resource, namely capital funds. PHILLIOPPATUS financial
management is concerned with the managerial decisions that result in the
acquisition and financing of short term and long term credits for the firm.

IMPORTANCE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

The importance of financial management cannot be overemphasized. In
every organization, where funds are involved, sound financial management
is necessary.
Finance manager must realize that when a firm makes a major decision, the
effect of the action will be felt throughout the enterprise.
Sound financial management is essential in both profit and nonprofit
organizations.
The financial managements help in monitoring the effective deployment of
fund in fixed assets and in working capital.
Financial management also helps in ascertaining how the company would
perform in future.
It helps in indicating whether the firm will generate enough funds to meet its
various obligations.
14

OBJECTIVES OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENTS

1. Basic objectives
2. Other objectives

Basic Objectives
Maintenance of liquid assets
Profit maximization
Wealth maximization

Other objectives
1. Ensuring a fair return to shareholders.
2. Building up reserves for growth and expansion.
3. Ensuring maximum operational efficiency by efficient and effective
utilization of finances.
4. Ensuring financial discipline in the organization.

15

Methods of financial management

Financial management is concerned with raising financial resources and
their effective utilization towards achieving the organizations goals. This requires
application of appropriate financial methods or tools. The term financial method
refers to any logical method or technique to be employed for the purpose of
accomplishing the following two goals

1. Measuring the effectiveness of firms actions and decisions

2. Measuring the validity of the decisions regarding accepting or rejecting
future projects
The important financial tools or methods used by the financial
manager in perform of his job
Cost of capital
Financial leverage or trading on equity
Capital budgeting appraisal methods
Abc analysis
Ratio analysis
Fund flow analysis and cash flow analysis

16

Financial statement (meaning)

Financial statements refers to formal and original statement prepared by a
business concern to disclose its financial information. AICPA (American Institute
Of Certified Public Accountants) says financial statements are prepared for the
purpose of presenting a periodical review or report on the progress by the
management and deal with
1. The status of investments in the business and
2. The results achieved during the period under review

Nature of financial statement

Financial statements are prepared to review the state of investment in a
business and result achieved during a specific period. The reflect recorded facts,
accounting conventions and personal judgments.

Functions or Important of financial statements

Financial statements provide meaningful, useful and valuable information
periodically regarding financial position and future prospects of the business
concern. Various parties interested can utilise the information provided by the
financial statements for analysis and interpretation

17

 For management

Management will be able to take effective decisions only when correct

and reliable information is at its disposal.

If information is not

available management can neither plan nor fulfill the functions of

operations and control.
For financiers

Financial statements are also of great importance to the financiers and

lenders.

Lenders need information regarding customers financial

position, solvency, credit standing, profitability, etc.

Financial

statements help the banker and lenders to decide whether to extend

loans to the customers.
For creditors

Trade creditors are another class for whom financial statements are
important.

Trade credit implies extending facilities of deferred

payment for credit purchase by seller to buyer. Financial position of a

creditor can be revealed by financial statements with a help of
solvency ratios, cash and fund flow analysis, etc.

18

 For investors

Present and prospective investors are interested in studying financial

statements to assess earning capacity, growth potential and efficiency
of management.

Limitation of financial statements

1. Information show in financial statements is not precise.
2. Financial statements do not always disclose the correct financial positions of
business concerns.
3. Balance sheet of concern is a static document as it discloses the financial
position of a concern on a particular date.
4. Information disclosed by profit and loss account may not be real profit.
5. Financial statement of one period may not be comparable as such with the
statement of other periods.

19

FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS

DEFINITION
According to myres, financial statements analysis is largely a study of the
relationship among the various financial factors in a business as disclosed by
a single set of statements and a study of the trend of these factors as shown
in a series of statements.

OBJECTIVES
i.

To interpret the profitability and efficiency of various business

activities with the help of profit and loss account.

ii.

To measure managerial efficiency of the firm

iii.

To measure short-term and long-term solvency of the business.

iv.

To ascertain earning capacity in future period.

v.

To determine the future potential of the concern.

vi.

To measure utilization of various assets during the period.

vii.

To compare operational efficiency of similar concerns engaged in the

same industry.

LIMITATIONS
a. Based on past data
b. Financial statement analysis cannot be a substitute for judgment.
c. Reliability of figures
d. Different interpretations
e. Change in accounting methods
f. Price level changes
g. Limitations of the tools of analysis
20

21

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of the study are furnished below:

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES
To study and analyze the financial performance of the ING VYSYA BANK
LTD.
To analyze the profitability and solvency position of the bank.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES
To study the working capital management of the bank.
To access the factors influencing the financial performance of the
organization.
To study financial strengths and weaknesses of the firm.
To find out the performance of the study through ratio analysis.
To understand the overall financial position of the bank.

22

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study clearly defines the financial status of the concern during
the working period.
The study report being made here brings out the financial structure
and the position of the ING VYSYA BANK comparing from
different years.
The financial study helps us to analyze the financial background and
the utilization of the income earned through the organization process.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

To understand the meaning, significance and limitation of financial
statement analysis.
To calculate liquidity, solvency, profitability and activity ratios of the
organization.
To make a comparative study and give solutions for the organisational
improvement.

23

24

LIMITATIONS
The limitations of the study are furnished below:
The financial details of the bank are collected for 4 years only.
ING Vysya Bank is a multinational company cannot be studied in a month
so time is considered as main constrain.
The information given from the bank was limited.

Time is 6 weeks, so much of economic fluctuations are not seen.

In this study, only selected ratios are used.
Since the study relates only to the financial performance of ING VYSYA
BANK, the findings and suggestions cannot be generalised.

25

26

27

INTRODUCTION
The Origin of ING Group
ING group originated in 1990 from the merger between Nationale Nederlanden
the largest Dutch Insurance Company and NMB Post Bank Group.
Combining roots and ambitions, the newly formed company called Internationale
Nederlanden Group M a r k e t c ir c le s s o o n a b b re v ia te d t he n a me to I - N G . T he c o mp a n y fo llo w e d s u it b y c ha n g in g t h e s ta t u t o r y na me t o
IN G G r o u p . IN G is a g lo b a l financial services company providing
banking, investments, and life insurance and retirement services and operates
in more than 50 countries.

PROFILE
The ING VYSYA bank is a premier player in the Indian private banking
sector. It operates 530 branches in all over the country. With more than
28000employees.
ING is a global financial institution of Dutch origin offering banking,
investments, life insurance and retirement services. ING serve more than
85 million private, corporate and institutional customers in Europe,
North and Latin America, Asia and Australia. They draw on their experience
and expertise, their commitment to excellent service and their global scale to meet
the needs of a broad customer base, comprising individuals, families, small
businesses, large corporations, institutions and governments

28

STRATEGY
INGs ove ra ll mis s ion is to he lp c us to me rs ma na ge
t h e i r f i n a n c i a l f u t u r e . Capitalizing on changing customer preferences and
building on our solid business capabilities, INGs strategic focus is on
banking, investments, and life insurance and retirement services. They
provide retail customers with the products they need during their lives to
grow savings, manage investments and prepare for retirement with confidence.
With wide range of products, innovative distribution models and strong
footprints in both mature and developing markets, ING has the long -run
e c o n o mic , te c h n o lo g ic a l a n d d e mo g ra p h ic t re n d s o n t h e ir s id e .
IN G a li g n s its business strategy around a universal customer ideal
saving and investing for the future should be easier. While steering the
business through turbulent times, ING will execute efforts across all its
business lines to strengthen customer confidence and meet their needs, preserve a
strong capital position, further mitigate risks and bring its costs in line with
revenue expectations.

STRATEGIC INTENT
VISION
We are committed to providing quality and door step banking service to our
customer, service quality being our paramount importance.

29

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
ING wants to pursue profit on the basis of sound business ethics and respect
for its stakeholders. Corporate responsibility is therefore a fundamental
part of INGsstrategy ethical, social and environmental factors play an integral
role in business decisions
ING Vysya Bank Ltd., is an entity formed with the coming together of
erstwhile, Vysya Bank Ltd, a premier bank in the Indian Private Sector and a
global financial powerhouse, ING of Dutch origin, during Oct 2002.
The origin of the erstwhile Vysya Bank was pretty humble. It was in the year
1930 that a team of visionaries came together to form a bank that would extend a
helping hand to those who werent privileged enough to enjoy banking services.
Its been a long journey since then and the Bank has grown in size stature to
encompass every area of present-day activity and has carved a distinct identity of
being Indias Premier Sector Bank.
In 1980, the bank completed 50 years of services to nation and the post
1985; the bank made rapid strides to reach the coveted position of being the
number one private sector bank. In 1990, the bank completed its Diamond Jubilee
year. At the Diamond Jubilee Celebrations, the Finance Minister Prof. Madhu
Dandavate, had termed the performance of the bank Stupendous. The 75 th
anniversary, the Platinum Jubilee of the bank was celebrated during 2005.

30

The long journey of seventy-five years has had several milestones

1930

Set up in Bangalore

1948

Scheduled Bank

1985

Largest Private Sector Bank

1897

The Vysya Bank Leasing Ltd Commenced

1988

Pioneered the concept of Co branding of Credit cards

1990

Promoted Vysya Bank housing finance ltd

1962

Deposits cross Rs.100 Crores

1993

Number of Branches crossed 300

1996

Signs Strategic Alliance with BBL., Belgium. Two National Awards by Gem &
Jewellery Export Promotion Council for excellent performance in Export
Promotion

1998

Cash management Services & Commissioning of VSAT, Golden Peacock

Award for the best HR Practices by institute of Directors. Rated as Best
Domestic Bank in India by Global Finance (International Finance Journal
June 1998)

2000

State of the art Date centre art ITPL, Bangalore

RBI clears setting up off ING Vysya Life Insurance Company

2001

ING Vysya Bank commenced Life Insurance Company

2002

The Bank launched a range of products & services like the Vys Vyapar Plus,

31

the range of loan schemes for traders, ATM services, Smartsev, personal
assistant service, Save & secure, an account that provides accident
hospitalization and insurance cover, Sambandh, the international debt card and
the mi-bank net banking service.
2002

ING takes over the Management of the Bank from October 7th, 2002
RBI clears the new name of the Bank as ING Vysya Bank Ltd, vide their letter
of 17.12.02

2003

Introduced customer friendly products like Orange Savings, Orange

Current and Protected Home Loans

2004

Introduced Protected Home Loans a housing loan product

2005

Introduced Solo My own Account Youth and Customer Service Line Phone
Banking
Service

2006

Bank has networked all the branches to facilitate AAA transactions i.e.
Anywhere, Anytime & Anyhow Banking

32

In terms of pure numbers, the performance over the decades can better be
appreciated from the following table
Rs. In Millions
YEAR

NETWORTH DEPOSITS ADVANCES PROFITS OUTLETS

1940

0.001

0.400

0.400

0.001

1950

1.40

5.30

3.80

0.09

16

1960

1.60

20.10

13.50

0.13

19

1970

3.00

91.50

62.80

0.74

39

1980

11.50

1414.30

813.70

1.13

228

1990

162.10

8509.40

4584.80

50.35

319

2000

5900

74240

39380

443.10

481

2001

6527

81411.10

43163.10

371.90

484

2002

6863.24

80680

44180

687.50

483

2003

7067.90

91870

56120

863.50

456

2004

7473.20

104780

69367

590.01

523

2005

7094

125693.10

90805.90

(381.80)

536

2006

10196.90

133352.50

102315.20

90.60

562

2007

11101.90

154185.70

119761.70

889

626

2008

14260

204980

146500

1569

677

2009

15940

248900

167510

1888

857

2010

2223

258650

185070

2422

866

33

Outlets comprises of 468 branches, 13 ECs, 28 Satellite Offices and 357

ATMS as of March 31st 2010. Additionally the bank also has Internet Banking,
Mobile Banking Customer Service Line for Phone Banking Services.

THE ORIGIN OF ING GROUP

On the other hand, ING group originated in 1990 from the merger between
Nationale - Nederlanden
NV the largest Dutch Insurance Company and NMB Post Bank Group NV.
Combining roots and ambitions, the newly formed company called Internationale
Nederlanden Group. Market circles soon abbreviated the name to I-N-G. the
company followed suit by changing name to ING Group N.V.

PROFILE
ING has gained for its, integrated approach of banking, insurance and asset
management. Furthermore, the company differentiates itself from other financial
service providers by successfully establishing life insurance companies in countries
with emerging economies, such as Korea, Taiwan, Hungary, Poland, Mexico and
Chile. Another specialization is ING Direct, an Internet and direct marketing
concept with which ING is rapidly winning retail marketing share in mature
markets. Finally, ING distinguishes itself internationally as a provider of
employee benefits i.e. arrangements of nonwage benefits, such as pension plans
for companies and their employees.

34

MISSION
INGs mission is to be a leading, global, client-focused, innovative and lowcost provider of financial services through the distribution channels of the clients
preference in markets where ING can create value.

THE NEW IDENTITY

The immediate benefit to the bank, ING Vysya Bank, has been the pride of
having become a Member of the global financial giant ING. As at the end of the
year December 2010, INGs total assets exceeded 1247 billion Euros, with a
underlying net profit of 3893 million Euros, employed around 105000 people,
serves over 85 million customers, across 40 countries. This global identity coupled
with the backup of a financial power house and the status of being the first Indian
International Bank, would also help to enhance productivity, profitability, to result
in improved performance of the bank, for the benefit of all the stake holders.

35

ING VYSYA MANAGEMENT TEAM

Name (Sri)
Arun Thiagarajan
part-time Chairman
Shailendra Bhandari
Managing Director & Chief Executive Officer
Aditya Krishna
Director
Richard Cox
Director
Santhosh Ramesh Desai
Director
M. Damodaran
Director
Vaughn Nigel Richtor
Director
Peter Henri Maria Staal
Director
Lars Kramer
Director
Vikram Talwar
Director
Mark Edwin Newman
Director
36

EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT COUNCIL (IN ALPHABETICAL

ORDER) (UPDATED AS OF 28.07.10)

NAMES

DESIGNATION

SBU/FUNCTION

PLACE

Ashok Rao B

Chief of Staff

Legal and

Bangalore

compliance
Jan Van

Chief Risk Officer

Credit Optional &

Wellen

Bangalore

Market Risk
Country Head

Treasury &

wholesale Banking

Wholesale Banking

Jayant

Chief Financial

Finance &

Mehrotra

Officer

Accounts

Meenakshi A

Head-Operations

Operations

Bangalore

MSR

Chief Audit

Internal Audit

Bangalore

Manjunatha

Executive

Department

Prasad C V G

Chief Information

Information &

Officer

Technology

Janak Desai

37

Mumbai

Bangalore

Bangalore

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS

WEAKNESS

ING as one on the biggest

Very few branches

financial MNC. 7th in 500

Less variety of

fortunes

financial/banking products

Only foreign bank which has

acquired an Indian Private
Bank (ING Vysya Bank)
Higher rate of interest than
other private banks
Most of the financial plans are
legalized under 80 (ccc)
Top notch customer care and
staff behavior
Unique features with different
kinds of accounts
Working hours

38

location

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

New segments of Doctors,

Presence of two top private

Students and CAs as they

like innovation in their

banking players in the

financial needs and like to

market (ICICI & HDFC)

Large market share already

enjoy the services

High class (upper strata)

captured
Non willingness of

population of city
Increase in different kind of

Muzaffarnagar citizens to

financial products

change for something new,

NGO and public relations

or to try innovation in their

banking

39

BRANCHES OF ING VYSYA BANK

STATE
ANDHRA PRADESH

BRANCH NAME
ADONI, AMALAPURAM, ARYA VYSYA
SANGHAM ,ANAKAPALLE

UTTAR PRADESH
GUJARAT
MAHARASHTRA
RAJASTAN
UTTAR PRADESH
RAJASTAN
WEST BENGAL
TAMIL NADU

AGRA, ALLAHABAD, BAREILLY

AHMEDABAD, MANI NAGAR, BARODA
AHMED NAGAR, AURANGABAD
ALWAR
ALAHABAD, ALIGARH, MATHURA
ALWAR
ASANSOL
ADYAR, ANNA NAGAR, ASHOK NAGAR, G.N.
STREET, GUINDY, KILPAUK, MADIPAKKAM,
MOUNT ROAD, MYLAPORE, PERUNGUDI,

KARNATAKA

BANGALKOT, BAGDAL, AVENUE ROAD,

BANASHANKARI (DEVAGIRI) BRANCH,
BANGALORE TURF CLUB, BOMMANAHALLI

ORISSA

BARBIL, BERHAMPUR, BHUBANESWAR

40

PRODUCT PROFILE
ING Vysya Bank Ltd
The ING Vysya Bank Ltd is one of the well known financial organizations
in India. It is applicable for both short term and long term financial solutions. It is
mainly an entity or a venture which has been formed with the global financial giant
ING of Netherlands. The ING Vysya Bank Ltd is a trusted name in the banking
and commercial sector of the country.

GROWTH OF ING Vysya Bank Ltd

The ING Vysya Bank Ltd was established in the month of October in the
year 2002. The bank came into existence when the Vysya Bank Ltd went into a
venture with global financial giant ING. Vysya Bank Ltd was one of the first
private sector banks in the country and was set up in the year 1930. The main
objective of setting up the bank was to provide financial support to the various
sectors of the economy. In the year 1948, the Vysya Bank was listed among the
Scheduled Banks.
In order to increase its profit and add to its operations, the Vysya Bank Ltd
merged with ING. Currently, it is one of the well known banks in the country and
has around 677 branches across various parts of the country. The headquarters of
the bank is located in the city of Bangalore. Among the total number of branches,
there are 407 regular branches, 28 satellite offices, 39 extension counters. The
number of ATMs is around 203 which are expected to increase within the next few
years. The deposit of the bank amounts to around ` 204980.00 millions while the
net worth is around` 14260.00 millions. The profits of the bank amount to
around ` 1569.00 millions.
41

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF ING Vysya Bank Ltd

Being a well known name in the domain of financial and banking services in the
country, the ING Vysya Bank Ltd has come up with a number of financial
solutions and services in a number of areas. Some of the well known segments in
which the bank offers customized and specialized services are

Accounts and deposits

Short and long term loans

Private banking

NRI services
Personal Banking The personal banking department of ING Vysya Bank Ltd

offers high quality services and solutions to cater to the financial needs and
preferences. The high end solutions make them a one stop organization to fulfill
the needs and requirements of the customers. Some of the well known services
offered in the segment of personal banking are

Mutual Funds

Tax Savings Bonds

NRI Services

Internet Banking

Phone Banking

Mobile Banking

Self Banking

Term deposits

Demat accounting

Wealth management
42

Wealth Management services the wealth management services of the ING

Vysya Bank Ltd offers the best services in order to take care of the needs and
preferences of the consumers in various wealth management sectors. The secure
services

offered

by

the

bank

also

minimize

the

risk

processes.

In addition to these, ING Vysya Bank Ltd also offers business banking facilities
and services of high standards. The services are meant to take care of the business
needs and also provide high degree of financial stability to the various corporate
organizations and business sectors. Some of the well known services that are
offered include

Long and term loans in the agro based sector

SME- Power Business account and loans

Financial market analysis

Market trading

Asset liability management services

Financial market sales

Cash management services

Corporate and investment banking services

Off shore borrowing services

Trade and community finance services

In addition to these, ING Vysya Bank Ltd also carries out research and

development to add more stability to the Indian economic scenario. The customers
are also given useful guidance about investing their assets and funds.

43

PRODUCTS

Accounts & Deposits

Savings
Orange Saving
Advantage Salary
Aspira Corporate Salary Solution
Orange Salary
Solo
Saral
General
Freedom
ING Formula Savings Account

Current Accounts
Orange Current
Advantage Current
General Current
Comfort Current
Flexi Current Account

44

 Term Deposits
Fixed Deposit
Cumulative Deposit
Akshaya
Tax Advantage Deposit
Demat Account
Jiyo Easy Hand Book Terms & Conditions

Loans
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54

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
REVIEW RELATED TO LITERATURE
This part provides a review of some notable, theoratical and empirical research works
done by various institutions and authors in evaluating the financial performance.
Mr. K. Veerakumar in his study on An evaluation of the Performance of the
Ramanathapuram District Central Co- operative Bank Limited mainly concluded that
for improving the Performance of the Bank , its reserves and capital should be
strenghtened.
Miss. H. Rehana Praveen in her study on Performance Evaluation of Ponnambalam
Finance , Coimbatore mainly suggested that for improving the performance of the
Finance the firm must recovered all its bad debts within time.
Miss. P. Uchimahali in her study on Performance Analysis of Lakshmi Engineering
Works , Kovilpatti analyzed and suggested that the company must take efforts to
reduce the stock level and utilize investments in fixed and current assets to strenghten
the position of the company.

55

56

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology is usually a guideline system for solving a problem, with
specific components such as phases, tasks, methods, techniques and tools. It can be
defined also as follows
1. The analysis of the principles of methods rules and postulates
employed by a discipline.
2. The systematic study of methods that are, can be, or have been
applied within a discipline;
3. The study or description of methods
A methodology can be considered to include multiple methods, each as applied to
various facets of the whole scope of the methodology. The research can be divided
between two parts; they are qualitative research and quantitative research

PRIMARY DATA
Data that has been collected from first-hand-experience is known as primary data.
Primary data has not been published yet and is more reliable, authentic and
objective. Primary data has not been changed or altered by human beings, therefore
its validity is greater than secondary data.

IMPORTANCE OF PRIMARY DATA

Primary data cant be neglected
A research can be conducted without secondary data. But a research based
on only secondary data is least reliable and may have biases
In statistical surveys it is necessary to get information from primary sources
and work on Primary data
57

SECONDARY DATA
Data collected from a source that has already been published in any form is called
as secondary data. The review of literature in any research is based on secondary
data. Mostly from books, journals and periodicals.

IMPORTANCE OF SECONDARY DATA

Secondary data can be less valid but its importance is still there.
Sometimes it is difficult to obtain primary data.
In these cases getting information from secondary sources is easier and
possible.
Sometimes the primary data is present but the respondents are not willing to
reveal it.

PURPOSE
The main purpose of this study is to study the financial performance of

ING

VYSYA BANK LTD.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The information needed for this study was collected from the organization in
the form of secondary data.

TOOLS USED IN ANALYSIS

Ratio analysis

PERIOD OF STUDY
The study covers the period of (2011-12 to 2012-13) ING VYSYA BANK
58

59

RATIO ANALYSIS
Ratio analysis is one of the techniques of financial analysis where ratios are
used as a yardstick for evaluating the financial condition and performance of a
firm. Ratio analysis was pioneered by Alexander wall who presented a system of
ratio analysis in the year 1909.

RATIO (MEANING)
A ratio is a mathematical relationship between two items expressed in a
quantitative form.

MODES OF EXPRESSION OF RATIOS

a. In proportion
b. In rate or times or coefficient
c. In percentage

60

ADVANTAGES OF RATIO ANALYSIS

a) Forecasting
b) Managerial control
c) Facilitates communication
d) Measuring efficiency
e) Facilitating investment decisions
f) Useful in measuring financial solvency
g) Inter firm comparison

LIMITATIONS
a. Practical knowledge
b. Ratios are means
c. Inter-relationship
d. Non availability of standards or norms
e. Accuracy of financial information
f. Consistency in preparation of financial statements
g. Detachment from financial statements
h. Time lag
i. Change in price level

61

CLASSIFICATION OF RATIOS
A. CLASSIFICATION OF RATIOS BY STATEMENTS

BALANCE SHEET
RATIOS

PROFIT&LOSS
A/C RATIOS

B/S AND P&L

A/C RATIOS

Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio
Proprietary
Ratio
Debt-Equity
Ratio
Fixed Asset
Ratio
Capital
Gearing Ratio

Gross Profit
Ratio
Operating
Ratio
Operating
Profit Ratio
Expense Ratio
Net Profit
Ratio

Return on
Investment
Return on
Shareholders
Funds
StockTurnover
Debtors
Turnover
Creditors
Turnover
Fixed assets
Turnover
Earnings Per
Share

62

B. CLASSIFICATION BY USERS
Under this classification ratios are grouped on the basis of the parties who are
interested in making use of the ratios. The following is the classification on this
basis.

Ratios For
management
Operating Ratio
Return on
Investment
Stock Turnover
Debtors Turnover
Debt equity
Fixed Asset
Turnover
Creditors
Turnover
Net Profit Ratio
Short-Term
Liquidity
Long-Term
Liquidity
Working capital
Turnover
Net Profit Ratio
Gross Profit Ratio

Ratios For
Creditors

Current Ratio
Solvency Ratio
Debt-Equity Ratio
Creditors
Turnover Ratio
Fixed asset Ratio
Assets Cover
Interest Cover

63

Ratios For
Shareholders

Return on
Shareholders
Fund
Payout Ratio
Capital Gearing
Dividends Cover
Dividend Yeild

C. CLASSIFICATION BY RELATIVE IMPORTANCE

This classification is being adopted by the British Institute Of Management
where there are three types of ratios

1. PRIMARY RATIOS
a) Return on capital employed
b) Assets turnover
c) Profit ratios
2. SECONDARY PERFORMANCE RATIOS
a) Working capital turnover
b) Stock to current assets
c) Current asset to fixed assets
d) Stock to fixed assets
e) Fixed assets to total assets
3. SECONDARY CREDIT RATIOS
a) Debtors Turnover
b) Liquid Ratio
c) Current Ratio
d) Creditors Turnover
e) Average Collection Period
4. GROWTH RATIOS
a) Growth Rate in Sales
b) Growth Rate in Net Assets

64

65

RATIO ANALYSIS OF ING VYSYA BANK

CURRENT RATIO
Current ratio is an indicator of firms commitment to meet its short term
liabilities. Current ratio is an index of the concerns financial stability since it
shows the extent of the working capital which is the assets exceeds the current
liabilities. As stated earlier a higher current ratio would indicate inadequate
employment of funds while a poor current ratio is a danger signal the management.
It shows the business is trading beyond its sources. The idea ratio is 2:1.

Current ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities

CURRENT RATIO
YEAR

CURRENT RATIO

2009

0.07

2010

0.05

2011

0.04

2012

0.05

66

CURRENT RATIO
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04

CURRENT RATIO

0.03
0.02
0.01
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTREPRETATION:
The ideal current ratio is 2:1
From the above calculation it is inferred that current assets for meeting current
liabilities are more during the year 2009 and later starts decreasing during the year
2010 and 2011. But, later it starts increasing during the year 2012 which shows
that current assets are more than current liabilities.

67

LIQUID RATIO OR CASH POSITION RATIO

Liquid Ratio is also known as Acid test ratio. This is the ratio of liquid assets
and liquid liabilities. The liquid assets are the assets that are converted into cash
and include cash balances, bills receivables, Debtors and short term investments.
Inventory and prepaid expenses are not including in liquid ratio. Liquid liability
includes all liability except bank over draft the ideal ratio is 0.5:1.

Liquid Ratio = Liquid Assets / Liquid Liabilities

LIQUID RATIO
YEAR

LIQUID RATIO

2009

6.57

2010

11.04

2011

13.25

2012

15.28

68

LIQUID RATIO
18
16
14
12
10
LIQUID RATIO

6
4
2
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
The ideal liquid ratio is 1:1
From the above said table reveals that the liquid ratio during the year 20092012 generally shows increasing trend. Liquid assets are sufficient to meet the
current liabilities. This shows the liquid position of assets is found to be very good.

69

DEBT-EQUITY RATIO
This ratio is ascertained to determine long- term solvency position of a company.
Debt equity ratio is also called external internal equity ratio . The ratio is
calculated to measure the relative portion of outsiders funds and shareholders
funds invested in the company. The best equity ratio shows the long- term financial
position of an organization. A lower debt equity ratio implies that a company as a
better capacity to meet in commitments.

Debt Equity Ratio = Long Term Debts / Shareholders Funds

DEBT-EQUITY RATIO
YEAR

DEBT EQUITY RATIO

2009

15.66

2010

11.65

2011

11.99

2012

9.08

70

DEBT-EQUITY RATIO
18
16
14

12
10

DEBT-EQUITY RATIO

8
6
4
2
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
An ideal debt equity ratio is 1
From the above calculation it is observed that debt equity ratio is declined
during the year 2010 and later it starts increasing during the year 2011 and atlast
it decreased in the year 2012. This reveals that the debt is less when compared
the owners fund in the year 2012.

71

NET PROFIT MARGIN RATIO

Net profit margin (or profit margin, net margin, return on revenue) is a
ratio of profitability calculated as after-tax net income (net profits)
divided by sales (revenue). Net profit margin is displayed as a
percentage. Net profit margin is a key ratio of profitability. It is very
useful when comparing companies in similar industries. A higher net
profit margin means that a company is more efficient at converting sales
into actual profit.

Net Profit Margin Ratio = Profit (After Tax) / Revenue

NET PROFIT MARGIN RATIO

YEAR

NET PROFIT MARGIN RATIO

2009

6.77

2010

8.48

2011

9.56

2012

10.08

72

NET PROFIT MARGIN RATIO

12
10
8
6

NET PROFIT MARGIN RATIO

4
2
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
From the above said table it is revealed that during the year 2009 there is
a low net profit ratio and there is a upward trend in the net profit ratio which
shows the ING VYSYA BANK is earning more profits in the years 2011 and
2012 when compared to the previous years.

73

EARNING RETENTION RATIO

Earning Retention Ratio is also called as Plowback Ratio. As per definition,
Earning Retention Ratio or Plowback Ratio is the ratio that measures the amount of
earnings retained after dividends have been paid out to the shareholders. The prime
idea behind earnings retention ratio is that the more the company retains the faster
it has chances of growing as a business. There is always a conflict when it comes
to calculation of Earnings retention ratio, the managers of the company want a
higher earnings retention ratio or plowback ratio, while the shareholders of the
company would think otherwise, as the higher the plowback ratio the uncertain
their control over their shares and finances are. This ratio shows the amount that
has been retained back into the business for the growth of the business and not
being paid out as dividends. The investors prefer to have a higher retention ratio in
a fast growing business, and lower retention ratio in a slower growing business.

Earnings Retention Ratio = Retained Earnings /

Net Profit After

tax and

Preference Dividend * 100

EARNING RETENTION RATIO
YEAR

EARNING RETENTION RATIO

2009

86.97

2010

85.51

2011

86.11

2012

82.53

74

EARNING RETENTION RATIO

88
87
86
85
84

EARNING RETENTION RATIO

83
82
81
80
2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
From the above calculation it is analyzed that during the year 2009, earning
retention ratio is increased to 86.97 and in 2010 it is declined to 85.51 and in the
year 2011 it is increased to 86.11 and in the year 2012 it is decreased to 82.53. it
indicates that the bank is not following uniform policy in retaining the funds.

75

EARNINGS PER SHARE

EPS measures the profit available to the equity shareholders on a per share basis,
that is, the amount that they can get on every share held. It is calculated by
dividing the profits available to the equity shareholders are represented by net
profits after taxes and preference dividend. Thus,

EPS = Net Profit available to equity-holders / Number of Ordinary

Shares outstanding

EPS is a widely used ratio. Yet, EPS as a measure of profitability of a firm form
the owners point of view should be cautiously as it does not recognize the effect
of increase in equity capital as a result of retention of earnings.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
YEAR

EARNINGS PER SHARE

2009

18.40

2010

20.19

2011

26.34

2012

30.40

76

EARNINGS PER SHARE

35
30
25
20
EARNINGS PER SHARE

15
10
5
0

2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
From the above said table it is observed that during the year 2009, the earnings
per share is decreasing and later it starts increasing. In other words, the EPS has
increased over the years. It shows that the firms profitability has improved.

77

ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

Asset turnover (total asset turnover) is a financial ratio that measures the efficiency
of a company's use of its assets to product sales. It is a measure of how efficiently
management is using the assets at its disposal to promote sales. The ratio helps to
measure the productivity of a company's assets.

Assets Turnover = Revenue / Average Total Assets

OR

In Days = 365 / Assets Turnover

The numerator of the asset turnover formula shows revenues which are found on a
company's income statement (statement of comprehensive income) and the
denominator shows total assets which is found on a company's balance sheet
(statement of financial position). Asset turnover is a financial ratio that measures
the efficiency of a company's use of its assets in generating sales revenue or sales
income to the company. Companies with low profit margins tend to have high
asset turnover, while those with high profit margins have low asset turnover.

ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

YEAR

ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

2009

0.10

2010

0.09

2011

0.10

2012

0.11

78

ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06

ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

0.04
0.02
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
From the above calculation it is obtained that the ratio during the year 2009,
it is increased and later it starts diminishing during the year 2010 and the next year
2011 and 2012 it begins increasing which indicates that there is an efficient
utilization of assets of a business concern.

79

FIXED CHARGES COVERAGE RATIO

A ratio that indicates a firm's ability to satisfy fixed financing expenses, such as
interest and leases. It is calculated as the following:

Fixed Charges Coverage Ratio = EBIT + Fixed Charge (before tax) /

Fixed Charge (before tax) + Interest

FIXED CHARGES COVERAGE RATIO

YEAR

FIXED CHARGES COVERAGE RATIO

2009

1.23

2010

0.32

2011

0.30

2012

0.28

80

FIXED CHARGES COVERAGE RATIO

1.4
1.2
1
0.8
FIXED CHARGES COVERAGE
RATIO

0.6
0.4
0.2
0

2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
From the above calculation it is inferred that during the year 2009 the fixed
charges coverage ratio is high and later it started declining. It shows the firms
inability to satisfy fixed financing expenses.

81

CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO

According to the present norm, the Capital Adequacy Ratio of bank as defined
earlier should be at least 9%. Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), also called Capital to
Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (CRAR), is a ratio of a bank's capital to
its risk. National regulators track a bank's CAR to ensure that it can absorb a
reasonable amount of loss and complies with statutory Capital requirements.
Capital adequacy ratios (CARs) are a measure of the amount of a bank's core
capital expressed as a percentage of its risk-weighted asset. Capital adequacy
ratio is defined as:
TIER 1 CAPITAL - (paid up capital + statutory reserves + disclosed free reserves)
- (equity investments in subsidiary + intangible assets + current & b/f losses)
TIER 2 CAPITAL -A) Undisclosed Reserves, B) General Loss reserves, C) hybrid
debt capital instruments and subordinated debts where Risk can either be
weighted assets ( ) or the respective national regulator's minimum
total capital requirement. If using risk weighted assets,
The percent threshold varies from bank to bank (10% in this case, a common
requirement for regulators conforming to the Basel Accords) is set by the national
banking regulator of different countries.
Two types of capital are measured: tier one capital (

above), which can absorb

losses without a bank being required to cease trading, and tier two capital (
above), which can absorb losses in the event of a winding-up and so provides a
lesser degree of protection to depositors.

82

Capital adequacy ratio is the ratio which determines the bank's capacity to meet the
time liabilities and other risks such as credit risk, operational risk etc. In the most
simple formulation, a bank's capital is the "cushion" for potential losses, and
protects the bank's depositors and other lenders. Banking regulators in most
countries define and monitor CAR to protect depositors, thereby maintaining
confidence in the banking system.
CAR is similar to leverage; in the most basic formulation, it is comparable to
the inverse of debt-to-equity leverage formulations (although CAR uses equity
over assets instead of debt-to-equity; since assets are by definition equal
to debt plus equity, a transformation is required). Unlike traditional leverage,
however, CAR recognizes that assets can have different levels of risk.

Capital Adequacy Ratio = (Tier I Capital + Tier II Capital) /

Risk Weighted Assets (RWA)

CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO

YEAR

CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO

2009

11.65

2010

14.91

2011

12.94

2012

14.00

83

CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO

16

14
12
10
8

CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO

6
4

2
0

2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Secondary Data

INTERPRETATION
From the above said table it is inferred that during the year 2009, the capital
adequacy ratio is 11.65 and in the year 2010 it is increased to 14.91 in the year
2011 it is diminished to 12.94 and in the year 2012 it is increased to 14.0. It
shows that the capital adequacy ratio is not stable it is fluctuating and in the year
2012 the capital adequacy ratio is 14. It indicates that bank has a capacity to meet
the liabilities and other risks.

84

85

FINDINGS
The important findings recorded in this research report are consolidated as follows:
On comparative study of current ratio and liquid ratio it is observed that
there is an adequate current assets and liquid assets to meet the current
obligations, and it is revealed that the firm is in a good liquidity position.
The debt equity ratio is declining from the year 2009 to 2012 where it is
indicating the bank has lowered the investments in Long-Term Debt.
From the study, it is noted that there is a tremendous increase in the net
profit margin ratio which shows that the bank is earning more profits.
From the analysis of assets turnover ratio it is observed that the bank has
effective utilization of assets in the years 2011 and 2012 when compared to
the previous years.
The bank has effectively increased earnings per share over the years, which
indicates that bank profitability is very good and it is a positive indicator for
the equity shareholders and they will get more earnings per share.
The bank has negative effect on the earning retention ratio and capital
adequacy ratio which was fluctuating. The bank can have a uniform
retention policy of the profits.
The fixed charges coverage ratio is dissatisfied, the bank is unable to meet
all fixed payment obligations in time. Hence the bank can plan accordingly
to suit the circumstance so as to meet the fixed charges in time.

86

87

SUGGESTIONS

The banks current and liquid asset is sufficient to meet the current liabilities
of the bank which shows the sound liquid position. This has to be
maintained for the following years.

The bank should make efforts to increase the earning retention ratio for its
further business growth and development.

The bank has to take necessary steps to improve the capital adequacy ratio.
The debt capital is not utilized effectively and efficiently. So the bank can
extend its debt capital in the years to come.

The bank earnings per share is tremendously increased and it is advised that
it should be continued for the following years.

88

89

CONCLUSION
Indian Banking sector contributes 8.6% for the Indian economy in
2010
The phenomenal growth of the banking industry is the positive sign
for the growth and development of the country as the more number of
investors are interested to operate the banks.
In this current economic scenario ING vysya bank is performing
outstanding manner its consistent profit from the last 4 years and it is
performing well in the sector.

MY LEARNING
I got to know in detail about Banking products and services
Practical exposure to the corporate world
It also helped me enhance my knowledge in banking sector
Time management skills and working in a team
Preparation and presentation of the research reports
I got to meet a lot of people and have learnt a lot during this period

90

91

BIBILIOGRAPHY
A. Murthy , financial management , margham publishares.
Prasanna chandra , financial management(theory & practice ) , tata mc graw
hill publishers.

Dr.S.N. maheshwari , elements of financial management , sultan chand &

sons publishers.

Dr.S.N. maheshwari , financial management(principles &practice) , sultan

chand & sons publishers.

M.Y. khan, P.K. jain, management accounting(text problems &

cases) the Mc Graw Hill publishers.
T.S.Reddy, Y.Hari Prasad Reddy, management accounting, margham
publishares.
Saravanavel , Research Methodology, Kitab Mahal publishers.

Ravilochan , Research Methodology, margham publishares.

WEBSITES:
www.ingvysyabank.com
REPORTS
Annual Report of ING VYSYA Bank 2010-2011.
Annual Report of ING VYSYA Bank 2011-2012.

92

93