Problem common-mode and Difference

2.71 The circuit shown in Fig. P2.71 is a representation of a versatile, commercially available IC, the
INA105, manufactured by Burr-Brown and known as a different amplifier module. It consists of an
op amp and precision, laser-trimmed, metal-film resistors. The circuit can be configured for a
variety of applications by the appropriate connection of terminals A, B, C, D, and O.

(a) Show how the circuit can be used to implement a difference amplifier of unity gain
(b) Show how the circuit can be used to implement single ended amplifier with gain:
(i)
1V/V
(ii)
+ 1V/V
(iii)
+ 2V/V
(iv)
1/2V/V
Avoid leaving a terminal open-circuited, for such a terminal may act as an antenna, picking up
interference and noise through capacitive coupling. Rather, find a convenient node to connect such
a terminal in a redundant way. When more than one circuit implementation is possible, comment on
the relative merits of each, taking into account such considerations as dependence on component
matching and input resistance.
Answer:

Ad

R2
,
R1

(a) From a differential gain,

Ad

R2
1
R1

Hence,
(b) Here,

vo
1,
vi
(i)

the circuit becomes

vo
1,
vi
(ii)

the circuit becomes

then we connect C to O and the circuit becomes

The left circuit ideally has infinite input resistance.

vo
2,
vi
(iii)

vo
1 / 2,
vi
(iv)

vi
v
vo o 1 / 2
2
vi

2.72 Consider the instrumentation amplifier of Fig. 2.20(b) with a common-mode input voltage +3V (dc)
and a differential input signal of 80-mV peak sine-wave.

2 R1 1k, R2 50k, R3 R4 10k.

Let

Find the voltage at every node in the circuit.

(a)
Answer:

(b)

3 0.04 sin t 3 0.04 sin t

0.08 sin t mA
1k
v A 3 0.04 sin t 50k i 3 4.04 sin t Volt

v B 3 0.04 sin t 50k i 3 4.04 sin t Volt

1
vB 1.5 2.02 sin t Volt
2
vo vB v A 8.08 sin t Volt
vC vD

vo1 and vo 2

vI 1 and vI 2
2.74 (a) Expressing

in terms of differential and common-mode components, find

vo 2 vo1

in the circuit in Fig. 2.20(a) and hence find their differential component

and their

1
vo1 vo 2 .
2
common-mode component
Now find the differential gain and the common-mode
gain of the first stage of this instrumentation amplifier and hence the CMRR.

(a)
(b)
(b) Repeat for the circuit in Fi. 2.20(b), and comment on the difference between the two circuits.
Answer:
(a) Consider figure (a),

vI 1 vcm vd / 2

vI 2 vcm vd / 2
Then, the output of the first stage:

R
v01 1 2 vcm vd / 2
R1

R
vo 2 1 2 vcm vd / 2
R1

Hence,


R
R
vo 2 vo1 1 2 vd Ad 1 1 2
R1
R1

vo1 vo 2
R
R
1 2 vcm Acm 1 1 2
2
R1
R1

Thus, CMRR at the first stage,

CMRR 20 log

Ad
0
Acm

(b) Consider the figure (b), the output at the first stage:

vI 1 vI 2
R
vcm vd / 2 2 vd
2R
2 R1

vo1 v I 1 R2
vo1 vcm

vd
2

R2

R1

vI 1 vI 2
R
vcm vd / 2 2 vd
2R
2 R1

vo 2 vI 2 R2
vo1 vcm

vd
2

R2

R1

Therefore,

R
R
vo 2 vo1 vd 1 2 Ad 1 1 2
R1
R1

v01 vo 2
vcm Acm 1 1
2
Thus,CMRR at the first stage,

CMRR 20 log

Ad
R
20 log 1 2
Acm
R1

Here, the common mode voltage is not amplified and it is only propagated to the outputs of the
first stage.