Project Report

ON
APPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD

OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS
ADMINISTRATION
2010-13
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF :

SUBMITTED BY:

MRS. MONA KAWATRA

ANUBHAV GIRDHAR

(FACULTY, MAIMS)

(BBA (GEN) III SEM)

07714701710

MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University,
Delhi PSP Area, Plot No. 1, Sector 22, Rohini Delhi 110041.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take due pleasure to thank all those who have helped & supported me for the
completion of this project. At the outset I express my profound and sincere gratitude
to Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of management Studies, New Delhi for providing me
with the opportunity to explore the corridors of the corporate world and gather
invaluable information and practical experience in the field of Enviroment.
I express my indebtness and deepest gratitude to Mrs. Mona Kawatra (project
guide), who took great pains in going through each step of my project and made
valuable comments and suggestions, which has helped me to prepare this project on
time.
My thanks to the entire unit of Apple iStore, for their valuable guidance and the help
given directly or indirectly due to which I have been able to make optimum utilization
of my learning and knowledge into practice successfully.
I express my sincere gratitude to my parents for their invaluable support and
continuous encouragement for the successful completion of my project.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank GOD without whose grace, I wouldnt
have been able to complete this project.
A project of this nature calls for intellectual nourishment, professional help &
encouragement from various quarters. This report has naturally gained a number of
ideas and theory from the books of this subject. I express our thanks to all these
authors, too numerous to acknowledge.

ANUBHAV GIRDHAR
07714701710

ii

DECLARATION CERTIFICATE

I hereby declare that the project on APPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

submitted to Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Management Studies under the guidance
of Mrs. Mona Kawatra towards the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Business Administration is my original work and is not copied or meant
for any other degree/ diploma courses.
I hereby declare that all the information provided in the project is valid and is based
on immense research work done.
All the data provided is factual and based on the information provided as per the
website and the brochures of the organization.

ANUBHAV

iii

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project titled APPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT is an
academic work done by ANUBHAV GIRDHAR submitted in the Partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Business
Administration from Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, Delhi, under
my guidance & direction.
To the best of my knowledge and belief the data & information presented by him in
the project has not been submitted earlier.
Mrs. Mona Kawatra
Project Guide

iv

vi

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The project report is to acquaint the study with the real life situation of the
organization.
The report contains the corporate profile of Apple Inc.It also contains the list of all the
products sold by Apple. Further, its networking and marketing have been explained
in details. The features of all the products at Apple have been mentioned. The best
plans among these have been dealt in details. Then an analysis has been done about
the best plans. At last a conclusion has been drawn on the basis of the whole study.
The project makes aware of various things about apple and the societal values
performing by Apple Inc.. Besides this, it also makes familiar with the organization
culture, the generally accepted behaviors in an organisation, and the internal
environment.

vii

CHAPTER SCHEME
CHAPTER-1: INTRODUCTION: - chapter 1 includes details of the Apple Inc.
including its Stock Market price and Revenue generated along with its important
members and a glimpse of the company.
CHAPTER-2 PRODUCTS :- chapter 2 consists of poducts of Apple Inc. Besides it
also consists of the details of all the products sold by the company under its name.
CHAPTER-3 NETWORK :- chapter 3 contains details of the type of users
associated with Apple computers,Inc. including its headquarters and detailed study of
marketing stratergies of Apple since the formation of the company.
CHAPTER-4 FINDINGS & ANALYSIS: - chapter 4 has the broad details of the
findings and analysis of the entire project. There is a detailed analysis of the entire
company on the basis of the products it offers in various sectors and also the
companys financial results are kept in mind.
CHAPTER-5 CONCLUSION: - finally the last chapter-5 has the conclusion of the
detailed study of the project. The conclusion is drawn on the basis of the detailed
study of the entire project. Various points have bee kept in mind while drawing the
conclusion.
CHAPTER-6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY: -this chapter states the limits of
this project.

viii

CONTENTS
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-2 COMPANY PROFILE
USERS
HEADQUARTERS
ADVERTISING
LOGOS
CHAPTER-3 PRODUCTS
MAC AND ACCESSORIES
iPAD
iPOD
iPHONE
APPLE TV
SOFTWARE
CHAPTER-4 THE STORY BEHIND APPLES
ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT
CHAPTER-5 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

ix

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION

Apple Inc.

Type
Traded as

Public
NASDAQ: AAPL
NASDAQ-100 Component
S&P 500 Component

Industry

Computer hardware
Computer software
Consumer electronics
Digital distribution

Founded
Founder(s)

Headquarters

Number of locations

April 1, 1976 (incorporated 1977 as Apple Computer, Inc.)

Steve Jobs
Steve Wozniak
Ronald Wayne
Apple Campus
1 Infinite Loop
Cupertino, California, U.S.
357 retail stores (as of October 2011)

Area served
Key people

Worldwide
Tim Cook
(CEO)

Revenue
Operating income
Profit
Total assets
Total equity
Employees
Subsidiaries

US$ 108.249 billion (FY 2011)

US$ 33.790 billion (FY 2011)
US$ 25.922 billion (FY 2011)
US$ 116.371 billion (FY 2011)
US$ 76.615 billion (FY 2011)
49,400 (2010)
Braeburn Capital
FileMaker Inc.

Introduction
Apple Inc. (formerly Apple Computer, Inc.) is an American multinational corporation that
designs and markets consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. The
company's best-known hardware products include the Macintosh line of computers, the iPod, the
iPhone and the iPad. Apple software includes the Mac OS X operating system; the iTunes media
browser; the iLife suite of multimedia and creativity software; the iWork suite of productivity
software; Aperture, a professional photography package; Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional
audio and film-industry software products; Logic Studio, a suite of music production tools; the
Safari web browser; and iOS, a mobile operating system. As of October 2010, the company
operates 317 retail stores in ten countries, and an online store where hardware and software
products are sold.As of September 2011, Apple is the largest publicly traded company in the
world by market capitalization and the largest technology company in the world by revenue and
profit.
Established on April 1, 1976 in Cupertino, California, and incorporated January 3, 1977,the
company was previously named Apple Computer, Inc., for its first 30 years, but removed the
word "Computer" on January 9, 2007,to reflect the company's ongoing expansion into the
consumer electronics market in addition to its traditional focus on personal computers. As of
September 2010, Apple had 46,600 full time employees and 2,800 temporary full time
employees worldwide and had worldwide annual sales of $65.23 billion.
For reasons as various as its philosophy of comprehensive aesthetic design to its distinctive
advertising campaigns, Apple has established a unique reputation in the consumer electronics
industry. This includes a customer base that is devoted to the company and its brand, particularly
in the United States.Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United
States in 2008, and in the world in 2008, 2009, and 2010. The company has however received
widespread criticism for its contractors' labor, environmental, and business practices.

COMPANY
PROFILE

Users

While this brand loyalty is considered unusual for any product, Apple appears not to have gone
out of its way to create it. At one time, Apple evangelists were actively engaged by the company,
but this was after the phenomenon was already firmly established. Apple has, however, supported
the continuing existence of a network of Mac User Groups in most major and many minor
centers of population where Mac computers are available.
Mac users would meet at the European Apple Expo and the San Francisco Macworld Conference
& Expo trade shows where Apple traditionally introduced new products each year to the industry
and public until Apple pulled out of both events. While the conferences continue, Apple does not
have official representation there. Mac developers, in turn, continue to gather at the annual Apple
Worldwide Developers Conference.
Apple Store openings can draw crowds of thousands, with some waiting in line as much as a day
before the opening or flying in from other countries for the event. The New York City Fifth
Avenue "Cube" store had a line as long as half a mile; a few Mac fans took the opportunity of the
setting to propose marriage. The Ginza opening in Tokyo was estimated in the thousands with a
line exceeding eight city blocks.

Headquarters
5

Apple Inc.'s world corporate headquarters are located in the middle of Silicon Valley, at 1-6
Infinite Loop, Cupertino, California. This Apple campus has six buildings that total 850,000
square feet (79,000 m2) and was built in 1993 by Sobrato Development Cos.

Future plans
In 2006, Apple announced its intention to build a second campus on 50 acres (200,000 m2)
assembled from various contiguous plots (east of N Wolfe Road between Pruneridge Avenue and
Vallco Parkway). Later aquisitions increased this to 175 acres. The new campus, also in
Cupertino, will be about 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the current campus. The new campus building
will be designed by Norman Foster.
On June 7, 2011, Steve Jobs gave a presentation to Cupertino City Council, detailing the
architectural design of the new building and its environs. The new campus is planned to house up
to 13,000 employees in one central four-storied circular building (with a caf for 3,000 sitting
people integrated) surrounded by extensive landscape (with parking mainly underground and the
rest centralized in a parking structure). There will be additional buildings such as an auditorium,
R&D facilities, a fitness center and a dedicated generating plant as primary source of electricity
(powered by natural gas and other more environmentally sound means).

Advertising
Since the introduction of the Macintosh in 1984 with the 1984 Super Bowl commercial to the
more modern 'Get a Mac' adverts, Apple has been recognized in the past for its efforts towards
6

effective advertising and marketing for its products, though its advertising has been criticized for
the claims of some more recent campaigns, particularly 2005 Power Mac ads and iPhone ads in
Britain.

Name
According to Steve Jobs, Apple was so named because Jobs was coming back from an apple
farm, and he was on a fruitarian diet. He thought the name was "fun, spirited and not
intimidating".

Slogans
Apple's first slogan, "Byte into an Apple", was coined in the late 1970s.[From 19972002, Apple
used the slogan "Think Different" in advertising campaigns. Although the slogan has been
retired, it is still closely associated with Apple. Apple also has slogans for specific product
lines for example, "iThink, therefore iMac" was used in 1998 to promote the iMac, and "Say
hello to iPhone" has been used in iPhone advertisements "Hello" was also used to introduce the
original Macintosh, Newton, iMac ("hello (again)"), and iPod.

Commercials
Apple's product commercials gained fame for launching musicians into stardom as a result of
their eye-popping graphics and catchy tunes. First, the company popularized Canadian singer
Feist's "1234" song in its ad campaign.Later, Apple used the song "New Soul" by French-Israeli
singer-songwriter Yael Nam to promote the MacBook Air. The debut single shot to the top of the
charts and sold hundreds of thousands of copies in a span of weeks.

Logos

The original logo with Isaac Newton under an apple tree

The rainbow "bitten" logo, used from late 1976 to 1998

The monochrome logo, used since 1998

Apple's first logo, Wayne, depicts Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree.

Almost immediately, though, this was replaced by Rob Janoff's "rainbow Apple", the nowfamiliar rainbow-colored silhouette of an apple with a bite taken out of it. Janoff presented Jobs
with several different monochromatic themes for the "bitten" logo, and Jobs immediately took a
liking to it. While Jobs liked the logo, he insisted it be in color to humanize the company. The
Apple logo was designed with a bite so that it wouldn't be recognized as another fruit. The
colored stripes were conceived to make the logo more accessible, and to represent the fact the
monitor could reproduce images in color. The logo is often erroneously referred to as a tribute to
Alan Turing, with the bite mark a reference to his method of suicide.Both the designer of the
logo and the company deny that there is any homage to Turing in the design of the logo.
In 1998, with the roll-out of the new iMac, Apple discontinued the rainbow theme and began to
use monochromatic themes, nearly identical in shape to its previous rainbow incarnation, on
various products, packaging and advertising. An Aqua-themed version of the monochrome logo
was used from 20012003, and a Glass-themed version has been used since 2003.
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak were Beatles fans, but Apple Inc. had trademark issues with
Apple Corps Ltd., a multimedia company started by The Beatles in 1967, involving their name
and logo. This resulted in a series of lawsuits and tension between the two companies. These
issues ended with their most recent law suit in 2007.

PRODUCTS

10

MAC AND ACCESSORIES

Mac mini, consumer sub-desktop computer and server introduced in 2005.
iMac, consumer all-in-one desktop computer introduced in 1998.
Mac Pro, workstation-class desktop computer introduced in 2006, replacing the Power
Macintosh.
MacBook, consumer notebook introduced in 2006, replacing the iBook, now only being sold
to educational institutions.
MacBook Pro, professional notebook introduced in 2006, replacing the PowerBook.
MacBook Air, ultra-thin, ultra-portable notebook introduced in 2008.
Apple also sells a variety of computer accessories for Mac computers including the AirPort
wireless networking products, Time Capsule, Thunderbolt Display, Magic Mouse, Magic
Trackpad, Wireless Keyboard, and the Apple Battery Charger

iPad
11

On January 27, 2010, Apple introduced their much-anticipated media tablet, the iPad running a
modified version of iOS. It offers multi-touch interaction with multimedia formats including
newspapers, magazines, ebooks, textbooks, photos, movies, TV shows videos, music, word
processing documents, spreadsheets, video games, and most existing iPhone apps.It also includes
a mobile version of Safari for web browsing, as well as access to the App Store, iTunes Library,
iBooks Store, contacts, and notepad. Content is downloadable via Wi-Fi and optional 3G service
or synced through the user's computer.AT&T was initially the sole US provider of 3G wireless
access for the iPad.
On March 2, 2011, Apple introduced an updated iPad model which had a faster processor and
two cameras on the front and back respectively. The iPad 2 also added support for optional 3G
service provided by Verizon in addition to the existing offering by AT&T.However, the
availability of the iPad 2 has been limited as a result of the devastating tsunami and ensuing
earthquake in Japan in March 2011.

iPod
12

The current iPod family, featuring the iPod Shuffle, iPod Nano, iPod Classic, and iPod Touch
On October 23, 2001, Apple introduced the iPod digital music player. It has evolved to include
various models targeting the wants of different users. The iPod is the market leader in portable
music players by a significant margin, with more than 220 million units shipped as of September
2009. Apple has partnered with Nike to offer the Nike+iPod Sports Kit enabling runners to
synchronize and monitor their runs with iTunes and the Nike+ website. Apple currently sells four
variants of the iPod.
iPod Shuffle, ultraportable digital audio player first introduced in 2005, currently available in a
2 GB model.
iPod Nano, portable media player first introduced in 2005, currently available in 8 and 16 GB
models. The latest generation has a FM radio, a pedometer, and a new multi-touch
interface that replaced the traditional iPod click wheel.
iPod Classic (previously named iPod from 2001 to 2007), portable media player first
introduced in 2001, currently available in a 160 GB model.
iPod Touch, portable media player that runs iOS, first introduced in September 2007 after the
iPhone went on sale. Currently available in 8, 32, and 64 GB models. The latest
generation features the Apple A4 processor, a Retina Display, and dual cameras on the
front and back. The back camera allows for HD video recording at 720p.

iPhone
At the Macworld Conference & Expo in January 2007, Steve Jobs revealed the long anticipated
iPhone, a convergence of an Internet-enabled smartphone and iPod.The original iPhone
13

combined a 2.5G quad band GSM and EDGE cellular phone with features found in hand held
devices, running scaled-down versions of Apple's Mac OS X (dubbed iOS, formerly iPhone OS),
with various Mac OS X applications such as Safari and Mail. It also includes web-based and
Dashboard apps such as Google Maps and Weather. The iPhone features a 3.5-inch (89 mm)
touch screen display, 4, 8, or 16 GB of memory, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (both "b" and "g").The
iPhone first became available on June 29, 2007 for $499 (4 GB) and $599 (8 GB) with an AT&T
contract.
On February 5, 2008, Apple updated the original iPhone to have 16 GB of memory, in addition to
the 8 GB and 4 GB models.On June 9, 2008, at WWDC 2008, Steve Jobs announced that the
iPhone 3G would be available on July 11, 2008. This version added support for 3G networking,
assisted-GPS navigation, and a price cut to $199 for the 8 GB version, and $299 for the 16 GB
version, which was available in both black and white. The new version was visually different
from its predecessor in that it eliminated the flat silver back, and large antenna square for a
curved glossy black or white back. Following complaints from many people, the headphone jack
was changed from a recessed jack to a flush jack to be compatible with more styles of
headphones. The software capabilities changed as well, with the release of the new iPhone came
the release of Apple's App Store; the store provided applications for download that were
compatible with the iPhone. On April 24, 2009, the App Store surpassed one billion downloads.
On June 8, 2009, at Apple's annual worldwide developers conference, the iPhone 3GS was
announced, providing an incremental update to the device including faster internal components,
support for faster 3G speeds, video recording capability, and voice control. On June 7, 2010, at
WWDC 2010, the iPhone 4 was announced, which Apple says is its "'biggest leap we've taken"
since the original iPhone.

14

On October 4, 2011, Apple unveiled the iPhone 4S, which was released in the United States,
Canada, Australia, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan on October 14, 2011, with
other countries set to follow later in the year.This was the first iPhone model to feature the Apple
A5 chip, as well as the first offered on the Sprint network (joining AT&T and Verizon Wireless
as the United States carriers offering iPhone models). On October 19, 2011, Apple announced an
agreement with C Spire Wireless to sell the iPhone 4S with that carrier in the near future,
marking the first time the iPhone was officially supported on a regional carrier's network.
Another notable feature of the iPhone 4S was Siri voice assistant technology, which Apple had
acquired in 2010 as well as other features, including an updated 8 megapixel camera with new
optics. Apple sold 4 million iPhone 4S phones in the first three days after its release, which made
it not only the best iPhone launch in Apple's history, but the most-successful launch of any
mobile phone ever.

15

Apple TV

The Apple TV, in its most recent revision

At the 2007 Macworld conference, Jobs demonstrated the Apple TV, (previously known as the
iTV), a set-top video device intended to bridge the sale of content from iTunes with highdefinition televisions. The device links up to a user's TV and syncs, either via Wi-Fi or a wired
network, with one computer's iTunes library and streams from an additional four. The Apple TV
originally incorporated a 40 GB hard drive for storage, includes outputs for HDMI and
component video, and plays video at a maximum resolution of 720p. On May 31, 2007 a 160 GB
drive was released alongside the existing 40 GB model and on January 15, 2008 a software
update was released, which allowed media to be purchased directly from the Apple TV. In
September 2009, Apple discontinued the original 40 GB Apple TV and now continues to produce
and sell the 160 GB Apple TV. On September 1, 2010, alongside the release of the new line of
iPod devices for the year, Apple released a completely redesigned Apple TV. The new device is
1/4 the size, runs quieter, and replaces the need for a hard drive with media streaming from any
iTunes library on the network along with 8 GB of flash memory to cache media downloaded.
Apple with the Apple TV has added another device to its portfolio that runs on its A4 processor
along with the iPad and the iPhone. The memory included in the device is the half of the iPhone
4 at 256 MB; the same as the iPad, iPhone 3GS, iPod touch 3G, and iPod touch 4G. It has HDMI
out as the only video out source. Features include access to the iTunes Store to rent movies and
TV shows (purchasing has been discontinued), streaming from internet video sources, including
YouTube and Netflix, and media streaming from an iTunes library. Apple also reduced the
price of the device to $99.

16

Software
Apple develops its own operating system to run on Macs, Mac OS X, the latest version being
Mac OS X Lion (version 10.7). Apple also independently develops computer software titles
for its Mac OS X operating system. Much of the software Apple develops is bundled with its
computers. An example of this is the consumer-oriented iLife software package that bundles
iDVD, iMovie, iPhoto, iTunes, GarageBand, and iWeb. For presentation, page layout and
word processing, iWork is available, which includes Keynote, Pages, and Numbers. iTunes,
QuickTime media player, Safari web browser, and Software Update are available as free
downloads for both Mac OS X and Windows.
Apple also offers a range of professional software titles. Their range of server software includes
the operating system Mac OS X Server; Apple Remote Desktop, a remote systems management
application; WebObjects, Java EE Web application server; and Xsan, a Storage Area Network file
system. For the professional creative market, there is Aperture for professional RAW-format
photo processing; Final Cut Studio, a video production suite; Logic, a comprehensive music
toolkit and Shake, an advanced effects composition program.
Apple also offers online services with MobileMe (formerly .Mac) that bundles personal web
pages, email, Groups, iDisk, backup, iSync, and Learning Center online tutorials. MobileMe is a
subscription-based internet suite that capitalizes on the ability to store personal data on an online
server and thereby keep all web-connected devices in sync. Announced at MacWorld Expo 2009,
iWork.com allows iWork users to upload documents for sharing and collaboration.

17

The Story Behind Apples Environmental Footprint.

Apple reports environmental impact comprehensively. Apple do this by focusing
on their products: what happens when we design them, what happens when we
make them, and what happens when you take them home and use them.

18

Total Footprint

Manufacturing

Transportation

Product Use

Recycling

Facilities
19

Total carbon footprint

For 2010, we estimate that Apple was responsible for 14.8 million metric
tons of greenhouse gas emissions.
How Apple calculates their carbon footprint.
To accurately measure a companys environmental footprint, its important to look at the impact
that companys products have on the planet. For the past three years, Apple has used a
comprehensive life cycle analysis to determine where greenhouse gas emissions come from. That
means adding up the emissions generated from the manufacturing, transportation, use, and
recycling of our products,

as well as the emissions generated by its facilities.Apple learned that about 98 percent of Apple's
carbon footprint is directly related to their products. The remaining 2 percent is related to their
20

facilities.

Minimizing the impact of our growth.

Apple know that the most important thing they can do to reduce their impact on the environment
is to improve their products environmental performance. Thats why they design them to use
less material, ship with smaller packaging, be free of toxic substances used by others, and be as
energy efficient and recyclable as possible. So as their growth continues to outpace that of the
rest of the industry, Apple remains committed to creating products that have the least amount of
impact on the environment.

Since 2008, as Apples revenue grew 74 percent, their greenhouse gas emissions grew only 57
percent. And theyre the only company in their industry that can claim that every product we sell
not only meets but exceeds the strict energy guidelines of the ENERGY STAR specification.

21

22

Manufacturing
Manufacturing including extraction of raw materials and product
assembly accounts for 46 percent of Apples total greenhouse gas
emissions.

6,852,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions

23

Material use.

Over the past decade, Apples designers and engineers have pioneered the development of
smaller, thinner, and lighter products. As their products become more powerful, theyre using
less material to produce and generating fewer carbon emissions. For example, although todays
21.5-inch iMac is more powerful and has a much larger screen than the first-generation, 15-inch
iMac, it is designed with 50 percent less material and generates 50 percent fewer emissions.
Even the iPad became 33 percent thinner and up to 15 percent lighter in just one generation,
producing 5 percent fewer carbon emissions.

Toxic substance removal.

24

Designing greener products means considering the environmental impact of the materials used to
make them. From the glass, plastic, and metal in their products to the paper and ink in their
packaging, our goal is to continue leading the industry in reducing or eliminating
environmentally harmful substances.
One of the environmental challenges facing Apple industry today is the presence of toxic
substances such as arsenic, brominated flame retardants (BFRs), mercury, phthalates, and
polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in products. Although most countries still allow use of these
substances, we have worked with our manufacturing partners to eliminate them from our
products. Not only is every product we sell free of BFRs and other harmful toxins, we have also
qualified thousands of components to be free of elemental bromine and chlorine, putting us years
ahead of anyone else in the industry. In addition, every display Apple make whether its built
into a system or available as a stand-alone features mercury-free LED backlighting and
arsenic-free glass.

25

Responsible manufacturing.
Apple is committed to ensuring that working conditions in their supply chain are safe, workers
are treated with respect and dignity, and manufacturing processes are environmentally
responsible.

26

Transportation
Six percent of Apples greenhouse gas emissions are a result of
transporting our products from assembly locations to distribution hubs
in regions where our products are sold.

931,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions.

Smaller packaging.
27

Apple employs teams of design and engineering experts who develop product
packaging thats slim and light yet protective. Efficient packaging design not only
reduces materials and waste, it also helps reduce the emissions produced during
transportation.
For example, the packaging for iPhone 4 is 42 percent smaller than for the original
iPhone shipped in 2007. That means that 80 percent more iPhone 4 boxes fit on
each shipping pallet, more pallets fit on each boat and plane, and fewer boats and
planes are used resulting in fewer CO2 emissions.

By reducing iPhone packaging by 42 percent from 2007 to 2010, we ship 80 percent more boxes
in each airline shipping container. That saves one 747 flight for every 371,250 units we ship.*
*Calculated using U.S. configurations.

28

Product Use
The use of Apple products generates 45 percent of Apples total
greenhouse gas emissions.

6,642,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions.

Energy efficiency.
A significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions Apple accounts for are produced
29

when you plug in our products and start using them. Thats why we design our products to be as
energy efficient as possible. Because we design both the hardware and the operating system,
were able to make sure they work together to conserve power. Take Mac mini, for example.
Through innovations both big and small, it uses as little as one-fifth the power consumed by a
typical lightbulb.Mac mini uses even less power than a single 13-watt CFL lightbulb, making it
the most energy-efficient desktop computer in the world.
Apples A5 chip in iPad 2 and A4 chip in iPhone 4, iPod touch, and Apple TV are another
example of energy-efficient design. Apple engineers designed the A5 and A4 chips to be
extremely powerful yet remarkably energy efficient. With them, your Apple devices can perform
complex jobs while maximizing battery life.

ENERGY STAR qualification.

Unlike other manufacturers who may have one or a few products that are ENERGY STAR
qualified, every single Apple product not only meets but exceeds the United States
Environmental Protection Agencys strict ENERGY STAR guidelines for efficiency. Apple is the
only company in the industry that can make this claim.

30

Facilities
Apples facilities including corporate offices, distribution hubs, data
centers, and retail stores account for 2 percent of our total greenhouse
gas emissions.

303,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions

Facilities in the big picture.

31

Companies such as Dell and HP primarily report on their facilities as a gauge of their
environmental impact. But switching off lights and recycling office waste arent enough. The
products we make represent the biggest impact on our environment. Thats why Apple focuses on
product design and innovation. Even so, Apple has taken significant steps to lessen greenhouse
gas emissions produced by our facilities worldwide.

Energy use.
Apple reduces energy use in our facilities in a number of ways. Currently, our facilities in Austin,
Texas; Sacramento, California; and Cork, Ireland, are 100 percent powered by renewable energy
eliminating 21,500 metric tons of CO2e emissions. In addition, Apple continues to install
state-of-the-art digital controls, high-efficiency mechanical equipment, and monitoring
technology. Of course, we use energy-efficient Apple computers in all our facilities.

Employee commuter programs.

Apple offers its employees several commute alternatives. Many employees take advantage of our
public transportation incentives. And each day, over 900 Apple employees ride our free biodiesel
commuter coaches. We estimate that our commute programs have eliminated the CO 2e
equivalent of 1906 single-occupant cars from the roads each day or 10,135 metric tons of
CO2e emissions avoided per year.

32

33

Recycling
One percent of Apples total greenhouse gas emissions are related to
recycling.

96,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions.

34

Product recyclability.
Apples approach to recycling begins in the design stage, where we create compact, efficient
products that require less material to produce. And the materials we do use including arsenicfree glass, high-grade aluminum, and strong polycarbonate are reclaimed by recyclers for use
in new products. Even our product packaging uses recyclable materials wherever possible.

Longer-lasting products.
Apple designs products that last. The built-in battery in our MacBook Pro lineup is a perfect
example. Other notebook batteries can be charged only 200 to 300 times. The MacBook Pro
battery can be charged up to 1000 times.6 And because this battery lasts up to five years,
MacBook Pro uses just one battery in about the same time a typical notebook uses three. That
saves you money, produces less waste, and increases the lifespan of your MacBook Pro.

Responsible recycling.
All e-waste collected by Apple-controlled voluntary and regulatory programs worldwide is
processed in the region in which it was collected. Nothing is shipped overseas for recycling or
35

disposal. Our recyclers must comply with all applicable health and safety laws, and Apple does
not allow the use of prison labor at any stage of the recycling process. Nor do we allow the
disposal of hazardous electronic waste in solid-waste landfills or incinerators.

Apple recycling programs.

Once an Apple product reaches the end of its useful life, we will help you recycle it responsibly.
Apple has instituted recycling programs in cities and college campuses in 95 percent of the
countries where our products are sold, diverting more than 84,853 metric tons of equipment from
landfills since 1994. Our original goal for 2010 was to achieve a worldwide recycling rate of 50
percent. (To calculate this rate, we use a measurement proposed by Dell that assumes a sevenyear product lifetime. The weight of the materials we recycle each year is compared to the total
weight of the products Apple sold seven years earlier.) We exceeded that goal in 2009, one year
earlier than projected, when we achieved a rate of 66.4 percent. This far surpasses the last
reported numbers from Dell and HP, which were each lower than 20 percent. In 2010, Apple
global recycling exceeded our 70 percent goal, and we are confident that we will maintain this
level through 2015.

*As percentage of weight of products sold seven years earlier

36

Supplier Responsibility at Apple

Apple is committed to ensuring the highest standards of social responsibility wherever our
products are made. We insist that our suppliers provide safe working conditions, treat workers
with dignity and respect, and use environmentally responsible manufacturing processes.
Apples program is based on our comprehensive Supplier Code of Conduct, which outlines our
expectations for the companies we do business with. We evaluate compliance through a rigorous
auditing program and work proactively with our suppliers to drive change.

37

Auditing for Compliance

At the center of our supplier responsibility program is the Apple Supplier Code of Conduct,
specifying everything from fair hiring practices and work-hour limits to safe working conditions.
We execute an aggressive compliance monitoring program that includes factory audits,
corrective action plans, and verification measures.
Each year, Apple audits more suppliers across our supply base. We select facilities based on risk
38

factors so that we focus our efforts where they can have the greatest impact.

Comprehensive audit
An Apple auditor leads every audit, supported by local third-party auditors. Each of these experts
is thoroughly trained to use Apples detailed protocol and to assess requirements specified in our
Code.
During the audit, Apple cross-references data from multiple sources. We review hundreds of
records and conduct physical inspections of manufacturing facilities as well as factory-managed
dormitories and dining areas. We also conduct interviews with workers and senior management
in relevant functional areas.
Our auditors grade the facilitys level of compliance with every line item in the Code. At the
same time, we evaluate the strength of the underlying management systems and identify areas for
improvement. Management systems include policies and procedures, clear roles and
responsibilities, and training programs for workers, line supervisors, and managers.

39

Corrective action
Apple reviews all audit findings with the factorys senior management team. When a violation is
found, we require the facility to implement a corrective action plan that addresses not only the
specific violation but also the underlying management system improvements needed to prevent
its recurrence.
We track completion of all corrective and preventive action plans, with an expectation that they
will be closed within 90 days of the audit. Apple performs a verification audit to confirm that
actions have been executed. If we find issues that have been inadequately addressed, we continue
to collaborate with the supplier toward further improvement.

40

41

Beyond Compliance

Apples approach to supplier responsibility extends beyond monitoring compliance with our
42

Code. Ultimate success hinges on our suppliers taking ownership of their obligation to provide
safe working conditions and to treat workers with respect.

Knowledge is power

To raise awareness and empower workers, Apple is expanding an initiative that enables suppliers
to deliver social responsibility training. Courses for production workers cover Apples Code,
occupational health and safety, workers rights, and management obligations. Supervisors and
managers are also trained in effective management and communications, including
antiharassment, antidiscrimination, conflict resolution, and grievance procedures.

43

Apple has required our final assembly manufacturers to deliver social responsibility training to
all workers, supervisors, and managers who work on Apple products. In addition, we are
extending the program to more facilities deeper into our supply base, equipping
suppliers with the tools and skills to provide effective training.

Proactive engagement
When Apple discovers a violation of their Code, we demand immediate corrective actions. If the
violation appears to be common across a section of our suppliers, we take broader measures to
build a foundation for sustainable compliance.

For example, we found instances where foreign contract workers in certain geographies had paid
exorbitant recruitment fees. Apple took a leadership stance by establishing a limit on
recruitment fees and requiring reimbursement of the overcharges. Our actions went further to
include engagement and collaboration with suppliers, government agencies, NGOs, and peer
companies in Southeast Asia to educate our suppliers on solutions.
We are also working aggressively to prevent the hiring of underage workers. We are equipping
facilities with stronger age-verification tools and educating factory managers on personnel
44

systems and best practices for working with third-party recruiters.

In addition, Apple is at the forefront of a joint effort with the EICC to help our suppliers source
conflict-free tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold.

Accountability through business integration

Apple communicates the importance of social responsibility through regular business reviews
with our suppliers. During this process, Apple management reviews items such as commitment
to Apples Code, past audit performance, and closure of corrective action plans.
By addressing whats important to Apple and by holding suppliers accountable we motiv
ate our suppliers to improve their practices. In this way, Apple continues to increase awareness of
social responsibility and to drive improvements in working conditions across our supply base.

45

CONCLUSION

46

CHAPTER-7 CONCLUSION
This project concludes that Apple is doing its every bit to conserve the environment by using
minimum of packaging,production and removal of toxic wastes .
Apple Computers,Inc. is one of the leading computer based company in the world which is
producing environment friendly products which can be recycled again .It also promotes the
recycling process by offering their bit to the customers of the old computers.
Morever,It is concerned with social respnsibilty of its workers and its working conditions are
taken care of.iPhone,Macbook are some of the well known products manufactured with
aluminum body which can be recycled again. Thus, making a wonderful impact and change in
the society.

47

LIMITATIONS

48

CHAPTER-7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The limitations of this study is that it is secondary in nature that is it is obtained from secondary
data present in magazines, newspapers, journals and on internet and is not 100% authentic.
No first hand research has been conducted to determine facts,figures and data.The facts,figures
and performance are not of current year that is till last year and the study is not up to date.It may
be possible that some changes or improvisation is missed out.

49

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
William L.Simon, Gil Amelio (1999);My 500 Days At Apple
Carlton Jim, Apple : The Inside Story Of Intrigue, Egomania and Business Blunders
Deutschman Alan (2000), The Second Coming of Steve Jobs Broadway
Hertzfeld Andy (2004), Revolution In the Valley

WEBSITES
http//www.apple.com
http//www.wikipedia.com
http//www.gadgetsguru.com
http//www.google.com

50

51