ECE 431/531 Midterm (Form 1)

Name:

Each question has ONE correct answer. Only choose one answer.
May 4 2016

A boost converter (with unidirectional power pole) is shown below. It is operating in CCM steady
state. The input voltage is 10 V. The FET duty ratio is 60%. The load resistance RL is 3 Ohms.
The inductor is 25 H. The switching frequency is 250 kHz. Assume the output capacitor is large
enough such that the ripple in vo is small.
idiode
+

RL

vin

iL

iC

1. What is the output voltage vo ?

A) 16.7 V
B) 25.0 V
C) 5.4 V
D) 6.0 V
E) 45.0 V
2. What is the inductor average current iL ?
A) 7.50 A
B) 13.89 A
C) 20.83 A
D) 5.00 A
E) 3.33 A
3. What is the inductor ripple current iL ?
A) 0.48 A
B) 0.64 A
C) 1.06 A
D) 0.75 A
E) 0.96 A

vo

4. What is the diode average current idiode ?

A) 2.0 A
B) 18.8 A
C) 9.4 A
D) 8.3 A
E) 5.6 A
5. What is the diode ripple current idiode ? (Where idiode is the peak-peak of the current
waveform.)
A) 14.1 A
B) 21.3 A
C) 7.5 A
D) 3.7 A
E) 18.8 A
6. What is the capacitor average current iC ?
A) -3.0 A
B) 19.2 A
C) 0 A
D) 8.3 A
E) 20.8 A
7. What is the capacitor ripple current iC ? (Where iC is the peak-peak of the current
waveform.)
A) 21.3 A
B) 3.6 A
C) 0.9 A
D) 14.1 A
E) 20.7 A

8. Which of following is true (choose one)?

A) Discontinuous conduction mode is not possible in this boost converter due to the unidirectional power pole.
B) Discontinuous conduction mode in a boost converter causes vo to be greater than
and approach infinity as RL approaches infinity (i.e., the load decreases).

vin
1D

C) This boost converter will go into discontinuous conduction mode if the average inductor
current becomes sufficiently large.
D) A low-side diode will prevent the possibility of discontinuous conduction mode in this
boost converter.
E) This boost converter cannot enter discontinuous conduction mode as the inductor current
cannot be maintained at zero for any part of the switching period.

A buck converter is used to drive a DC motor an in electric vehicle as shown below. The available
DC bus voltage, Vd , is 350 V, supplied by batteries. At a cruising speed of 40 mph, the voltage
produce by the motor, em , is 170 V. The motor winding resistance Rm is 1.5 . The motor current
im required to hold this speed is 30 A. The switching frequency is 25 kHz. The current and voltage
fall and rise times are trv = 10 ns, tf i = 15 ns, tri = 13 ns, tf v = 17 ns. The on-state drain-source
FET resistance RDS is 0.05 Ohms. The converter inductance is 1 mH.

9. What is the buck converter duty ratio? (Assume duty ratio in this case to be defined as the
percentage on-time for the high-side FET.)
A) 0.36
B) 0.71
C) 0
D) 0.49
E) 0.61

10. What is the average buck converter inductor current iL ?

A) 18 A
B) 30 A
C) 49 A
D) 0 A
E) 107 A
11. What is iL ?
A) 2.8 A
B) 6.2 A
C) 13.9 A
D) 3.3 A
E) 36.8 A
12. Neglecting any power loss in the buck converter, what is the average current drawn from the
batteries, id ?
A) -30.0 A
B) 30.0 A
C) 18.4 A
D) 0 A
E) 48.8 A
13. What is the switching loss in the high-side FET?
A) 7.2 W
B) 6.6 W
C) 73.3 W
D) 116.7 W
E) 14.4 W
14. What is the conduction loss in the low-side FET? (Assume the anti-parallel diode conduction
loss, which is during the switching events, is small and negligible. Also assume the ripple
current is small.)
A) 73.3 W
B) 116.7 W
C) 17.4 W
D) 219.4 W
E) 27.6 W
5

Assume now that the vehicle driver would like to brake the vehicle regeneratively and the required
motor current to do so is 15 A. The vehicle speed is the same and em is still 170 V.
15. What now is the duty ratio?
A) 0.47
B) 0.44
C) 0.55
D) 0.42
E) 0.00
16. What now is the iL ?
A) -4.6 A
B) -15 A
C) 0 A
D) -48.8 A
E) -30 A
17. What now is the iL ?
A) 47.2 A
B) 8.4 A
C) 3.4 A
D) 4.4 A
E) 2.1 A
18. What now is id ?
A) -10.0 A
B) 0 A
C) -6.3 A
D) -35.6 A
E) 10.0 A

A single phase rectifier is connected to 240 V RMS at 60 Hz. The equivalent load resistance RL on
the DC side is 10 .

19. Approximately what is vo ?

A) 228 V
B) 120 V
C) 3224 V
D) 370 V
E) 320 V
20. Approximately what is the average current idr ?
A) 0 A
B) 3224 A
C) 32 A
D) 322 A
E) 23 A