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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MARINE ELECTRO-TECHNOLOGY

Instructions:

1. Answer SIX questions, not more than THREE from each


section (SECTION 1 AND SECTION 2)
2. All Questions carry equal marks
3. Neatness in handwriting and clarity in expression carries
weightage

4. Illustration of an Answer with clear sketches /diagram


carries weightage
5. All unused pages of the answer script must be cancelled
out by two lines (X) across the page

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JUNE 2015
SECTION I
Q1. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:A. Describe a typical power source. B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously
i. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q2. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q3. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire. (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems.
B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method used for installing electric cables.

Q4. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following A. Rotor construction, B. Torque characteristic, C. Speed variation. ANSWER = Q1
Q5. Sketch and describe an arrangement for automatic connection of emergency batteries upon loss of main power.
Include in your answer. A. Means of obtaining D.C. charging supply from a.c. mains. B. A method of maintaining
charge on lead acid batteries; C. The arrangement to check that a battery operates a loss of main power. D. The
length of time for which emergency batteries of passenger and cargo ships must provide power.
SECTION II

Q6. A. What is meant by negative and positive feed backs? Explain the characteristics of negative feedback; B.
Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q7.

A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per

pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power m 3

Q8. A.

What is slip? What are the factors on which the torque or an induction motor depends? b) Calculate the pitch

factors Kp for a wipding having 24 stator slots, 4 poles, when the coil span is 1 to 6. Q9.A. How does change to
frequency affect the operation of the transformer? What makes this ratio different from the ratio of transformer?
B. A 550 KVA, 50 Hz single phase transformer has 1875 and 75 turns in the primary and secondary windings
respectively. If the secondary voltage is 220 V, calculate (i)Primary voltage; (ii)Primary and secondary currents; iii.
Maximum value of flux Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor,
series

Motor or cumulative compound motor? Explain.

B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
APRIL 2015
SECTION I
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Q1. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
1. Rectifier circuit; 2. Amplifier circuit; 3. Oscillator circuit.
Q2. A. In a.c. generators, voltage dip occurs in two stages.
I. Sketch a voltage-time graph showing the pattern of voltage dip. II. Referring to this graph, state with reasons the
effect on the electrical system of a small power installation when a large load is suddenly switched on.
B. Explain EACH of the following categories of voltage control: (i) Error operated; (ii) Functional.
Q3. A. Which of the following devices will prevent a DC generator from becoming motorized?
i. Over current relay; ii. Motorization trip; iii. Reverse power relay;

Iv. Reverse current relay

B. Give a detailed explanations as to why other options were not considered.

Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:- A. Describe a typical power source.
B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously - i. Explain how the emergency
installation can be periodically tested.

Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

SECTION II

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = Vra Sin
wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers?
(b)A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate: (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 3supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


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B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

MARCH 2015
Q1. Sketch and describe the method of speed control of synchronous motors by variable frequency.
State the advantages of this method over the other methods of speed control.
Q2. What is a marine high voltage system? Sketch and describe a shipboard high voltage switch board and its
protective devices.
Q3. What is a soft starting of an Induction motor? Describe with a circuit using a thyristors used for soft starting.
Discuss its advantages and dis-advantages.

Q4. A. Sketch a main engine shaft driven generator arrangement with an electronic system for frequency correction;
B. Describe the operation of the generator arrangement sketched in (A).

Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system A. State why this facility is
required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three stages of tripping as an
instantaneous protection against short circuit.

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = Vra Sin
wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers?
(b)A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate: (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 4supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
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Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

FEBRUARY 2015
SECTION I
Q1. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following A. Rotor construction, B. Torque characteristic, C. Speed variation.

Q2. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:A. Describe a typical power source. B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously
- i. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q3. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q4. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire. (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems.
B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method used for installing electric cables.
Q5. A. What are the causes of overheating of an induction motor?

B. What preventive measures are provided against damage to an induction motor in installed condition?
C. What is the purpose of fuse back up protection provided to an induction motor?
D. How does an induction motor develop torque?
E. What is the condition to be satisfied for achieving maximum running torque in an induction motor?
SECTION II

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.
Q7.

A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate - (i) The speed;

(ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q8. A. What is a commutator? Discuss its rectifying action in detail.

B. Calculate the e.m.f. generated by a 4-pole, wave wound armature having 40 slots with 18 conductors per slot
when driven at 1000 r.p.m. The flux per pole is 0.015 wb.

Q9. A. Discuss different methods of speed control of a d.c. series motor by adjusting field ampere turns.
B. A 230 V, d.c. shunt motor runs at 1000 r.p.m and takes 5 amperes. The armature resistance of the motor is
0.025 and shunt field resistance is 230 Calculate the drop in speed when the motor is loaded and takes the
line current of 41 amperes. Neglect armature reaction.
Q10. A. Why is a synchronous motor not self-starting? What are the various ways in which it can be started?

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B. A 500V , single phase synchronous motor gives a net output mechanical power of 7.46kW and operates at 0.9
power factor lagging. Its effective resistance is 0.8 . If the iron and friction losses are 500 w and excitation losses
are 800w , calculate the armature current and the commercial efficiency.

JANUARY 2015
SECTION I
Q1. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following: (i) Burn
out; (ii) Starting current; (iii) Starting torque; (iv) Speed. Q2. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the
following types of electronic circuits
1. Rectifier circuit; 2. Amplifier circuit; 3. Oscillator circuit.
Q3. With reference to U.M.S. operations: A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q4. A. In a.c. generators, voltage dip occurs in two stages.


I. Sketch a voltage-time graph showing the pattern of voltage dip. II. Referring to this graph, state with reasons the
effect on the electrical system of a small power installation when a large load is suddenly switched on.
B. Explain EACH of the following categories of voltage control: (i) Error operated; (ii) Functional.
Q5. A. Which of the following devices will prevent a DC generator from becoming motorized?
i. Over current relay; ii. Motorization trip; iii. Reverse power relay;

Iv. Reverse current relay

B. Give a detailed explanations as to why other options were not considered.


SECTION II

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.
Q7.

A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per
pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power m3

Q8 A. What is back emf Derive the relation for the back emf and the supplied voltage in terms of armature
reactance.
B. A three phase induction motor is wound for four poles and is supplied from a 5.0 Hz system.
Calculate. i. The synchronous speed; ii. The speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent; iii. The motor frequency
when the speed of the rotor is 600 r.p.m

Q9. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor?
B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.
Q10. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal

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voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine (a) frequency of supply, (b) current in each coil, (c) current in each
phase of the alternator, (d) total power supplied to the load.
DECEMBER 2014
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:
A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection?
B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in (A) to the shore Supply?

Q2. With reference to U.M.S. operations: A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q3. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q4. A. In a.c. generators, voltage dip occurs in two stages.


I. Sketch a voltage-time graph showing the pattern of voltage dip. II. Referring to this graph, state with reasons the
effect on the electrical system of a small power installation when a large load is suddenly switched on.
B. Explain EACH of the following categories of voltage control: (i) Error operated; (ii) Functional.
Q5. A. Which of the following devices will prevent a DC generator from becoming motorized?
i. Over current relay; ii. Motorization trip; iii. Reverse power relay;

Iv. Reverse current relay

B. Give a detailed explanations as to why other options were not considered.

Q6. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, an isolator for a 3 phase 440V, 20 amp electric supply List the safety
features of the isolator described in the sketch.
B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V
sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an
infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:
(i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis
of the transformer?
B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary
voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary
power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate:
(i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7 power factor
(ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7 (i) Lagging, (ii) leading
(iii) The secondary terminal voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)
Q8. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate - (i) The speed;

(ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. The primary and secondary windings of a 500 Kva transformer have resistance of 0.42 and 0.0019 respectively.
The primary and secondary voltages are 11 000 V and 415 V respectively and the core loss is 2.9 Kw, assuming
the power factor of the load to be 0.8. Calculate the efficiency on (i) Full load; (ii) Half load;
Q10. A 100 Kw, 460 V shunt generator was run as a motor on no load at its rated voltage and speed. The total
current taken was 9.8 A, including a shunt current of 2.7 A. The resistance of the armature circuit at normal working
temperature was 0.11 Calculate the efficiencies at i. Full load; ii. Half load

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NOVEMBER 2014
SECTON 1

Q1. With reference to a three phase shipboard electrical distribution system:


A. Enumerate the advantages of an insulated neutral system; B. Enumerate the disadvantages of an insulated neutral
system; C. Describe how the earthed neutral system is Earthed; D. Compare the use of an insulated neutral system
as opposed to the use of an Earthed neutral System with regard to the risk of electric shock from either system.
Q2. A. i.

Describe the characteristics of a d.c. motor. ii Explain the advantages of such a motor for deck

machinery; B. Describe with the aid of a sketch a control system for the motor in (aA).
Q3. List at least two factors that cause deterioration of the frequency response of a transistor amplifier. Explain how
each factor affects the performance of the amplifier and the portion of the frequency range where it is effective.
Q4. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
1. Rectifier circuit; 2. Amplifier circuit; 3. Oscillator circuit.

Q5. A) Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled.
(b)Explain the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you
would require following such event;

Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open under

fault Condition.

SECTON 2

Q6. What design factor limits the maximum torque of a d-c motor? Of an a-c motor?
A shunt motor runs on no load at 700 r/min off a 440 V supply. The resistance of the shunt circuit is 240. The
following table gives the relationship between the flux and the shunt current:
Shunt current (A)

0.5

0.75

1.0

1.25

1.5

1.75

2.0

Flux per pole (m Wb)

6.0

8.0

9.4

10.2

10.8

11.2

11.5

Calculate the additional resistance required in the shunt circuit to raise the no-loiad speed to 1000 r/min.
Q7. A. On what factors does the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor depend?
A tuned circuit consisting of a coil having an inductance of 200 H and a resistance of 20 in parallel with a
variable capacitor is connected in series with a resistor of 8000 across a 60 V supply having a frequency of 1
MHz. Calculate the value of C to give resonance; The dynamic impedance and the Q factor of the tuned circuit; The
current in each branch

Q8. A. What is reactive power? Why is such term not encountered when d-c sources are used in electric circuit?
B. A transistor amplifier stage comprises a transistor of parameters hie = 800 and hfe = 50 and hoe = 20 S,
and bias components and coupling capacitors of negligible effect. The input signal consists of an e.m.f of 60mV from
a source of internal resistance 2.2k and total load on the stage output is 4k . Determine the current, voltage and
power gains of the amplifier stage.

Q9 A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form.
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q10 A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sinwt,
what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

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OCTOBER 2014
Q1. What is a marine high voltage system? Sketch and describe a shipboard high voltage switch board and its
protective devices.
Q2. What is a soft starting of an Induction motor? Describe with a circuit using a thyristors used for soft starting.
Discuss its advantages and dis-advantages.

Q3. Differentiate between half and full wave rectification. State where half wave rectification may be used and the
purpose for which it is not well adapted. Sketch a bridge connection by which full wave rectification may be
obtained.
Q4. Describe with the aid of a simple sketch the arrangement of the three phase winding of an alternator showing
the neutral point; Explain why for most ships the neutral point is insulated; Explain why in some installation the
neutral point is Earthed.
Q5. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following: (i) Burn
out; (ii) Starting current; (iii) Starting torque; (iv) Speed.

Q6. A. Describe the effect of the following loads on power factor: - (i) Induction motors; (ii)Partly loaded motors;(iii)
Cage type motors.
B. In a 50-Kav, star-connected, 440-V, 3-phase, 50-Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is 0.25 ohm per
phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 ohm per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 ohm phase. Determine at
rated load and unity power factor: (a) Internal e.m.f E (b) no-load e.m.f E (c) percentage regulation on full-load (d)
value of synchronous reactance which replaces armature reaction.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = Vra Sin
wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers?
(b)A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate: (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.

Q9. A. Explain the working principal of a 3 phase induction motor. What are the various types of rotors?
B. An 18.65Kw, 6-pole, 50Hz, 3 phase slip ring induction motor runs at 960 rpm on full load with a rotor current
per phase of 35A, allowing 1Kw for mechanical losses, find the resistance per phase of 3-phase rotor winding.
Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series Motor or
cumulative compound motor? Explain.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
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SEPTEMBER 2014

Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:


A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection?
B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in (A) to the shore Supply?

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems A. Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control B. Describe
each component shown in the diagram in a.
Q3. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:A. Describe a typical power source. B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously
i. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.
Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances; B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose
internal resistance is 20 is to supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load
current, (ii) DC load current, (iii) AC load current.
Q7. A. Describe the

characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate: (i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q8. A. What is back emf Derive the relation for the back emf and the supplied voltage in terms of armature
reactance.
B. A three phase induction motor is wound for four poles and is supplied from a 5.0 Hz system.
Calculate. i. The synchronous speed; ii. The speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent; iii. The motor frequency
when the speed of the rotor is 600 r.p.m

Q9. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor?
B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.

Q10. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine (a) frequency of supply, (b) current in each coil, (c) current in each
phase of the alternator, (d) total power supplied to the load.

AUGUST 2014
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator; B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two
generators are running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?

Q2. A. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of: i. Rotor resistance;

ii. Cascade system; iii. Pole-changing


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B. Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.

Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?; B. What is meant by equivalent resistance?

Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch: Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor; Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.
Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery: State TWO important parameters that may be
recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed.
Q6. A. Describe the effect of the following loads on power factor: - (i)Induction motors; (ii)Partly loaded motors;(iii)
Cage type motors.
B. In a 50-Kav, star-connected, 440-V, 3-phase, 50-Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is 0.25 ohm per
phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 ohm per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 ohm phase. Determine at
rated load and unity power factor: (a) Internal e.m.f E (b) no-load e.m.f E (c) percentage regulation on full-load (d)
value of synchronous reactance which replaces armature reaction.
Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = Vra Sin
wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate: (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q9. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, vi.) Grid bias voltage
Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series Motor or
cumulative compound motor? Explain.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

JULY 2014
Q1. A. Sketch a main engine shaft driven generator arrangement with an electronic system for frequency correction.
B. Describe the operation of the generator arrangement sketched in (A).

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems A. Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control B. Describe
each component shown in the diagram in a.

Q3. A. Sketch a circuit diagram for an automatic voltage regulator illustrating how the A. V.R. utilizes a Siliconcontrolled rectifier to control the excitation system for an alternator.

B. Describe how the A. V.R. monitors output

and controls the excitation system.


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Q4. It is proposed to operate a bow thrusters unit from a 3.3 KV electrical supply outline suitable option for the
design of installation under each of the following heading. Protection of main switch board Overload of a bow
thrusters motor Cable protection.

Q5. With reference to a three phase shipboard electrical distribution system:


A. Enumerate the advantages of an insulated neutral system; B. Enumerate the disadvantages of an insulated neutral
system; C. Describe how the earthed neutral system is Earthed; D. Compare the use of an insulated neutral system
as opposed to the use of an Earthed neutral System with regard to the risk of electric shock from either system.
Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.
Q7

A. Describe the

characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate (i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature
Q8 A.What is back emf Derive the relation for the back emf and the supplied voltage in terms of armature
reactance; B. A three phase induction motor is wound for four poles and is supplied from a 5.0 Hz system.
Calculate. i. The synchronous speed; ii. The speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent; iii. The motor frequency
when the speed of the rotor is 600 r.p.m

Q9. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor?
B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.

Q10. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?

B.

twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected load.
Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal voltage of
the alternator is 440V. Determine (a) frequency of supply, (b) current in each coil, (c) current in each phase of the
alternator, (d) total power supplied to the load.

JUNE 2014
Q1. With reference to alkaline batteries used on board ship.
A. Describe the operation of a battery cell and state the material used; B. Describe how the cells are mounted to
form a battery; C. State the advantages and disadvantages compared with lead-acid batteries.

Q2. A. State the necessary conditions required prior to the synchronizing of electrical alternators.
B. Describe the type of cumulative damage that may be caused when alternators are incorrectly synchronized.
C. Explain how the damage referred to in (b) can be avoided / reduced.

Q3. With reference to U.M.S. operations: A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B.

As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space

fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q4. A. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of: i. Rotor resistance;

ii. Cascade system; iii. Pole-changing

B. Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.

Q5. A. Differentiate between series and parallel resonances. Draw impedance characteristics of these circuits.
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B. A 2,000-K VA, 3-phase, 8-pole alternator runs at 750 r.p.m in parallel with other machines on 6,000 V bus-bars.
Find synchronizing power on full-load 0.8 p.f. lagging per mechanical degree of displacement and the corresponding
synchronizing torque. The synchronous reactance is 6 ohm per phase.

Q6. A. What is meant by negative and positive feed backs? Explain the characteristics of negative feedback.
B. Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q7.

A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per
pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power m 3

Q8. A. What is slip? What are the factors on which the torque or an induction motor depends?
B. A 220-V, 3- 4-pole, 50Hz, Y-connected induction motor is rated 3.73 KW The equivalent circuit parameters are:
R1=0.45, X1=0.8, R2=0.4, B0=1/30ohm. The stator core loss is 50W and rotational loss is 150W. For a slip of
0.04, find (i) input current (ii) p.f. (iii) air-gap power (iv) mechanical power (v) electro-magnetic torque (vi) output
power and (vii) efficiency?
Q9.A. How does change to frequency affect the operation of the transformer? What makes this ratio different from the
ratio of transformer?
B. A 550 KVA, 50 Hz single phase transformer has 1875 and 75 turns in the primary and secondary windings
respectively. If the secondary voltage is 220 V, calculate (i)Primary voltage; (ii)Primary and secondary currents; iii.
Maximum value of flux

Q10.A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

APRIL 2014
Q1. A. What is Open loop & Close loop? Discuss the relative advantage of each.
B. Sketch a practical close loop system and describe the loop explaining the meaning of the Terms ;

(ii)Feedback;

(I)Servo-motor

(iii)Sensor Element

Q2. A. State the necessary conditions required prior to the synchronizing of electrical alternators; B. Describe the type
of cumulative damage that may be caused when alternators are incorrectly synchronized; C. Explain how the damage
referred to in (b) can be avoided / reduced.

Q3. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on A.C. powered. Ships
Describe with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q4. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.

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Q5. Describe - A. A safety lamp approved as part of slips statutory equipment LIFEBUOY SELF IGNITING LIGHTS;
B. A self-igniting lamp suitable for attachment to a lifebuoy; C. State the attention required to maintain them in a
satisfactory working condition.

Q6. A. A series circuit having resistance, Inductance and capacitance is to be operated on a constant voltage supply
of available frequency. Indicate graphically how changes will take place in the terms, Reactive terms, i.e. Capacitive
reactance and inductance reactance; B. A resistance of 130 and a capacitor of 30F are connected in parallel
across a 230 Volt, 50Hz supply. Find the current in each component, total current, phase angle and the power
consumed.

Q7. A. Explain the working principal of a 3 phase induction motor. What are the various types of rotors?
B. An 18.65Kw, 6-pole, 50Hz, 3 phase slip ring induction motor runs at 960 rpm on full load with a rotor current
per phase of 35A, allowing 1Kw for mechanical losses, find the resistance per phase of 3-phase rotor winding.
Q8. Describe how a self-excited AC generator would work.

B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine (a) frequency of supply, (b) current in each coil, (c) current in each
phase of the alternator, (d) total power supplied to the load.
Q9. Sketch a graph of starting current, and torque against the speed of rotation for a single cage motor.
B. A 230V motor, which normally develops 10Kw at 1000 rev/min with an efficiency of 85%, is to be used as a
generator. The armature resistance is 0.15Ohm and the shunt field resistance is 220Ohm. If it is driven at 1080
rev/min and the field current is adjusted to 1.1A by means of the shunt regulator what output in Kw could be
expected as a generator, if the armature copper loss was kept down to that when running as a motor.

Q10. A. Compare the effectiveness of a current limiting circuit breaker with that of a HRC fuse. B. A coil having a
resistance of 10Ohm, and an inductance of 0.15H is connected in series with a capacitor across a 100V, 50Hz
supply. If the current and the voltage are in phase what will be the value of the current in the circuit and the
voltage drop across the coil.

MARCH 2014
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:
A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection?
B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in (A) to the shore Supply?
Q2. With reference to electronic control systems A. Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control B. Describe
each component shown in the diagram in a.

Q3. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:-

A. Describe a typical power source. B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously
- i. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form ; B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two
alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies 6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other
alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. Sketch an arrangement showing the principal of proportional plus integral (P+I) control loop;
B. Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.
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Q8. A. Explain the potential hazards if liquid-cooled transformers are used.


B. What are the losses in transformers? Mention the various factors which affect these losses. In a 25 KVA,
3300/233 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full-load Cu. Losses are respectively 350 and 400 watts. Calculate
the efficiency at half-full load, 0.8 power factor.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived; B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected
together, between the positive terminals of A and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a
resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.
FEBRUARY 2014
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator; B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two
generators are running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?

Q2. A. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of: i. Rotor resistance;

ii. Cascade system; iii. Pole-changing

B. Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.

Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?; B. What is meant by equivalent resistance?

Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch: Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor; Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.
Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery:
State TWO important parameters that may be recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects
may be revealed.
Q6.A.

Describe with the aid of a sketch, an isolator for a 3 phase 440V, 20 amp electric supply List the safety

features of the isolator described in the sketch.


B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V
sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an
infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:
(i) The readings on the ammeters;

(ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis
of the transformer?

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B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary
voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary
power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate:
(i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7 power factor
(ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7 (i) Lagging, (ii) leading
(iii) The secondary terminal voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)

Q8. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate
(i) The speed;

(ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. The primary and secondary windings of a 500 Kva transformer have resistance of 0.42 and 0.0019 respectively.
The primary and secondary voltages are 11 000 V and 415 V respectively and the core loss is 2.9 Kw, assuming
the power factor of the load to be 0.8. Calculate the efficiency on (i) Full load; (ii) Half load;
Q10. A 100 Kw, 460 V shunt generator was run as a motor on no load at its rated voltage and speed. The total
current taken was 9.8 A, including a shunt current of 2.7 A. The resistance of the armature circuit at normal working
temperature was 0.11 Calculate the efficiencies at i. Full load; ii. Half load

JANUARY 2014
Q1. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire. (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems; B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method
used for installing electric cables.
Q2. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following A. Rotor construction, B. Torque characteristic, C. Speed variation.

Q3. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.

Q4. In the event of a failure, of the main electrical power supply on a: ship, an emergency source of power must
be available, state the circuits which must be fed from such a source and discuss the reasons governing the
selection of such circuits.

Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery:


State TWO important parameters that may be recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects
may be revealed.

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = Vra Sin
wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

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Q8. A. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

17

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers? B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary
and secondary resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1
and 0.035 respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate:
(i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading
Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 17supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

DECEMBER 2013
Q1. A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation.
B. (i) Sketch a reverse power trip; (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based
and How tripping is activated.
Q2. Sketch a circuit diagram of an emergency generator power supply system suitable fore passenger vessel:
including in your diagram the essential services supplied. With reference to an emergency generator statge - Its
location; Methods of automatic starting; The time available for starting and connection of power to switchboard; Angles
of heel and trim up to which it must be capable of operating; The length of time it must be cable of supplying
emergency power

Q3. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following: A. Burn
out; B. Starting current; C. Starting torque; D. Speed.

Q4. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits - A. Rectifier circuit;
B. Amplifier circuit; C. Oscillator circuit.
Q5. With reference to U.M.S. operations:
A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe
how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space fire alarm system whilst the ship is on
voyage.

Q6. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, an isolator for a 3 phase 440V, 20 amp electric supply List the safety
features of the isolator described in the sketch; B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are
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connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to
current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate: (i)
The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis
of the transformer?
B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary
voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary
power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate: (i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7
power factor; (ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7 Lagging and leading; (iii) The secondary terminal
voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)
Q8. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate (i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. The primary and secondary windings of a 500 Kva transformer have resistance of 0.42 and 0.0019 respectively.
The primary and secondary voltages are 11 000 V and 415 V respectively and the core loss is 2.9 Kw, assuming
the power factor of the load to be 0.8. Calculate the efficiency on (i) Full load;

(ii) Half load;

Q10. A 100 Kw, 460 V shunt generator was run as a motor on no load at its rated voltage and speed. The total
current taken was 9.8 A, including a shunt carrent of 2.7 A. The resistance of the armature circuit at normal working
temperature was 0.11 Calculate the efficiencies at - Full load; Half load

NOVEMBER 2013
Q1. A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation.
B. (i) Sketch a reverse power trip; (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based
and How tripping is activated.

Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R.; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.

Q3. With the aid of sketch describe the main features and principle of operation of a D.C. moving Coil meter. If
such a meter is designed to give full scale deflection with 150 mA, State how it May be adapted; As an ammeter
to read up to 150 A; (ii) As a voltmeter to read up to 150 V.; No calculations are required.

Q4. With reference to U.M.S. operations: A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system A. State why this facility is
required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three stages of tripping as an
instantaneous protection against short circuit.

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form; B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators
in parallel. One alternator supplies 6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the
power factor.
Q7. A. Sketch an arrangement showing the principal of proportional plus integral (P+I) control loop; B. Compare the
series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

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Q8. A. Explain the potential hazards if liquid-cooled transformers are used.


B. What are the losses in transformers? Mention the various factors which affect these losses. In a 25 KVA,
3300/233 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full-load Cu. Losses are respectively 350 and 400 watts. Calculate
the efficiency at half-full load, 0.8 power factor.
Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them

OCTOBER 2013
Q1. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
A. Rectifier circuit; B. Amplifier circuit; C. Oscillator circuit.
Q2. A. In a.c. generators, voltage dip occurs in two stages.
I. Sketch a voltage-time graph showing the pattern of voltage dip. II. Referring to this graph, state with reasons the
effect on the electrical system of a small power installation when a large load is suddenly switched on.
B. Explain EACH of the following categories of voltage control - (i) Error operated; (ii) Functional.
Q3. A. Which of the following devices will prevent a DC generator from becoming motorized - i. Over current relay;
ii. Motorization trip; iii. Reverse power relay;

iV. Reverse current relay

B. Give a detailed explanations as to why other options were not considered.


Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied
simultaneously; C. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q6 A.What is back emf Derive the relation for the back emf and the supplied voltage in terms of armature
reactance; B. A three phase induction motor is wound for four poles and is supplied from a 5.0 Hz system.
Calculate. i. The synchronous speed; ii. The speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent; iii. The motor frequency
when the speed of the rotor is 600 r.p.m

Q7. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor?
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B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.
Q8. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque? B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at
600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm
and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A) frequency of
supply, B) current in each coil, C) current in each phase of the alternator, D) total power supplied to the load.
Q9. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.
Q10.

A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate (i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

SEPTEMBER 2013
Q1. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire. (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems; B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method
used for installing electric cables.
Q2. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following A. Rotor construction, B. Torque characteristic, C. Speed variation.

Q3. In the event of a failure, of the main electrical power supply on a: ship, an emergency source of power must
be available, state the circuits which must be fed from such a source and discuss the reasons governing the
selection of such circuits.

Q4. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems - A. High starting current;
B.

Low starting torque.

Q5. A. Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled; B. Explain
the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you would
require following such event; C. Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open under
fault Condition
Q6. A. What are factors on which the speed of a motor depends? Discuss them for series and shunt motors.
A shunt motor supplied at 230 V runs at 900 rpm. When the armature current is 30 A, the resistance of the
armature circuit is 0.4 , calculate the resistance required in series with the armature circuit to reduce the speed to
500 rpm. Assume that the armature current is 25 Amps.

Q7. A. Describe the possible causes and the effect of running a three phase motor with one phase open circuited.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
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Q8. A. Sketch a simplified circuit of a reverse power relay explain why there is a time delay incorporated before the
reverse power relay operates; B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and
supplies a balanced star-connected load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive
reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current
in each coil, C. current in each phase of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.
Q9. A. Describe the effects of changes in speed, rotor current and torque as load is applied to an induction motor.
B. How does the motor adjust its stator current with changes in mechanical load?;
A shunt motor runs at 900 rev/min when connected to a 440 V supply, the armature current being 60 A and
armature resistance 0.4 ohm. At what speed will it run on a 220 V supply with an current of 40 A. Assume 60
percent reduction in flux for the 220 V connection.

AUGUST 2013
Q1. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following - A. Rotor construction;

B. Torque characteristic;

C. Speed variation.

Q2. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:-

A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied
simultaneously; C. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q3. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems - A. High starting current; B.
Low starting torque.

Q4. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire. (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems; B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method
used for installing electric cables.

Q5. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form; B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators
in parallel. One alternator supplies 6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the
power factor.
Q6. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = Vra Sin
wt, what is the voltage across the load resisto? ; B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward
resistance of the diode can be considered negligible and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the
battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is
1.0 A.

Q7. A. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?

B.

100

KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate:
(i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit; ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage
for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii) 0.8 leading.

Q8. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
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B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenold into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in Weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
Q9. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them

JULY 2013
Q1. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following: A. Burn
out; B. Starting current; C.

Starting torque; D. Speed.

Q2. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
1.Rectifier circuit; 2.Amplifier circuit; 3.Oscillator circuit.

Q3. With reference to U.M.S. operations: A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q4. A. In a.c. generators, voltage dip occurs in two stages - I. Sketch a voltage-time graph showing the pattern of
voltage dip; II. Referring to this graph, state with reasons the effect on the electrical system of a small power
installation when a large load is suddenly switched on; B. Explain EACH of the following categories of voltage control
- (i) Error operated; (ii) Functional.

Q5. Which of the following devices will prevent a DC generator from becoming motorized?
A. Over current relay; B. Motorization trip; C. Reverse power relay; D. Reverse current relay; Give a detailed
explanations as to why other options were not considered.

Q6. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, an isolator for a 3 phase 440V, 20 amp electric supply List the safety
features of the isolator described in the sketch.
B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V
sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an
infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:
(i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis
of the transformer?
B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary
voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary
power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate:
(i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7 power factor; (ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7
Lagging and leading; (iii) The secondary terminal voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)

Q8. The armature and field resistances of a 220V shunt motor are 0.25 and 110 ohms respectively and, when
running on no load, the motor takes 6A, calculate the losses attributable to iron, friction and windage and assuming
this value to rmain constant on loads, determine the efficiency when the current supplied is 62A.

Q9. A 3-phase transformer has 560 turns on the primary and 42 turns on the secondary. The primary windings are
connected to a line voltage of 6.6 Kv, calculated the secondary line voltage when the transformer is connected
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A. Star Delta; B. Delta-Star

Q10. two shunt generators X and Y work in parallel. theri external characteristics may be assumed to be liner over
their normal working range. The terminal voltage of X falls from 265V on no load to 230V. When delivering 350A to
the bus bars, while the voltage falls from 270V on no load to 240V when delivering 400A to the bus bars, calculate
the current which each machines delivers when they share a common load of 500A, what is the bus bar voltage
under this condition and power delivered by each machine?
JUNE 2013
NOTE: Q1- Q4 SAME AS JUNE 2012, Q6-Q9 SAME AS MARCH 2013
Q5. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?;What is meant by equivalent resistance?
Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A and
B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

APRIL 2013
Q1. Sketch a standby battery charging/discharging circuit;

Describe the circuit sketched, making special reference to

how battery charge is maintained and how it operates upon loss of main power.
Q2. A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation.
B. (i) Sketch a reverse power trip. (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based
and How tripping is activated.
Q3. A. (i) Describe with the aid of a sketch the operation of a synchroscope; (ii) State the information obtained from
it; B. Suggest a substitute in the event of synchroscope and stand by light failure.

Q4. List at least two factors that cause deterioration of the frequency response of a transistor amplifier. Explain how
each factor affects the performance of the amplifier and the portion of the frequency range where it is effective.
Q5. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
Rectifier circuit; Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.
Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.

Q7. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.


A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per
pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power

Q8. What is a commutator? Discuss its rectifying action in detail.


Calculate the e.m.f. generated by a 4-pole, wave wound armature having 40 slots with 18 conductors per slot when
driven at 1000 r.p.m. The flux per pole is 0.015 wb.

Q9. Discuss different methods of speed control of a d.c. series motor by adjusting field ampere turns.

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B .A 230 V, d.c. shunt motor runs at 1000 r.p.m and takes 5 amperes. The armature resistance of the motor is
0.025 and shunt field resistance is 230 Calculate the drop in speed when the motor is loaded and takes the
line current of 41 amperes. Neglect armature reaction.

Q10. Why is a synchronous motor not self stating; What are the various ways in which it can be started ?
A 500V, single phase synchronous motor gives a net output mechanical power of 7.46kW and operates at 0.9 pf
lagging, Its effective resistance is () the iron and friction losses are 500w and excitation losses are 800w, calculates
the armature current and the commercial efficiency.
MARCH 2013
Q1. A. What are the causes of overheating of an induction motor? B. What preventive measures are provided against
damage to an induction motor in installed condition? C. What is the purpose of ' fuse back up protection' provided
to an induction motor? D. How does an induction motor develop torque? E. What is the condition to be satisfied for
achieving maximum running torque in an induction motor?
Q2. In the event of a failure, of the main electrical power supply on a: ship, an emergency source of power must
be available, state the circuits which must be fed from such a source and discuss the reasons governing the
selection of such circuits.
Q3. List at least two factors that cause deterioration of the frequency response of a transistor amplifier. Explain how
each factor affects the performance of the amplifier and the portion of the frequency range where it is effective.
Q4. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
Rectifier circuit; Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.

Q5. A. Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled.
B. Explain the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you
would require following such event; C. Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open
under fault Condition.
Q6.

Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define

the form factor of such a wave form.


B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?


And low values of voltages regulation for power transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
(ii) The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and
(ii) 0.8 leading.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
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B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 25supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

JANUARY 2013
Q1. Sketch and describe the method of speed control of synchronous motors by variable frequency.
State the advantages of this method over the other methods of speed control.

Q2. What is a marine high voltage system? Sketch and describe a shipboard high voltage switch board and its
protective devices.

Q3. What is a soft starting of an Induction motor? Describe with a circuit using a thyristors used for soft starting.
Discuss its advantages and dis-advantages.

Q4. A. Sketch a main engine shaft driven generator arrangement with an electronic system for frequency correction;
B. Describe the operation of the generator arrangement sketched in A
Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system A. State why this facility is
required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three stages of tripping as an
instantaneous protection against short circuit.
Q6. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q7. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?


And low values of voltages regulation for power transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q8. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke, iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, vi.) Grid bias voltage
Q9. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during

the transition from initial to final, steady-

state conditions.

DECEMBER 2012
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Q1. What is a marine high voltage system? Sketch and describe a shipboard high voltage switch board and its
protective devices.
Q2. What is a soft starting of an Induction motor? Describe with a circuit using a thyristors used for soft starting.
Discuss its advantages and dis-advantages.

Q3. Differentiate between half and full wave rectification. State where half wave rectification may be used and the
purpose for which it is not well adapted. Sketch a bridge connection by which full wave rectification may be
obtained.
Q4. A. Describe with the aid of a simple sketch the arrangement of the three phase winding of an alternator
showing the neutral point; Explain why for most ships the neutral point is insulated; Explain why in some installation
the neutral point is Earthed.
Q5. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following: A. Burn
out; B. Starting current; C.
Q6.

Starting torque; D. Speed.

Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form

Define the form factor of such a wave form.


B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. Sketch an arrangement showing the principal of proportional plus integral (P+I) control loop; B. Compare the
series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q8. A. Explain the potential hazards if liquid-cooled transformers are used.


B. What are the losses in transformers? Mention the various factors which affect these losses. In a 25 KVA,
3300/233 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full-load Cu. Losses are respectively 350 and 400 watts. Calculate
the efficiency at half-full load, 0.8 power factor.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 26supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

NOVEMBER 2012
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator; B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two
generators are running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?

Q2. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of: Rotor resistance; Cascade system; Pole-changing; Give examples where each system may be employed
with advantage.

Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?; What is meant by equivalent resistance?

Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch: Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor; Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.
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Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery; State TWO important parameters that may be
recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed.
Q6. A. Describe the effect of the following loads on power factor - (i) Induction motors; (ii)Partly loaded motors; (iii)
Cage type motors.
B. In a 50-kAV, star-connected, 440-V, 3-phase, 50-Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is 0.25 ohm per
phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 ohm per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 ohm phase. Determine at
rated load and unity power factor - A. Internal e.m.f; B. no-load e.m.f E; C. percentage regulation on full-load D.
value of synchronous reactance which replaces armature reaction.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.

Q9. What is meant by i.) Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke, iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, vi.) Grid bias voltage
Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series Motor or
cumulative compound motor? Explain.
B.A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

OCTOBER 2012
Q1. With reference to a three phase shipboard electrical distribution system:
A. Enumerate the advantages of an insulated neutral system; B. Enumerate the disadvantages of an insulated neutral
system; C. Describe how the earthed neutral system is Earthed;D .Compare the use of an insulated neutral system
as opposed to the use of an Earthed neutral System with regard to the risk of electric shock from either system.
Q2. A. (i) Describe the characteristics of a d.c. motor; (ii) Explain the advantages of such a motor for deck
machinery; B. Describe with the aid of a sketch a control system for the motor in A.
Q3. List at least two factors that cause deterioration of the frequency response of a transistor amplifier. Explain how
each factor affects the performance of the amplifier and the portion of the frequency range where it is effective.
Q4. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
Rectifier circuit; Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.

Q5. A. Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled; B. Explain
the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you would
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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

require following such event. C. Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open under
fault Condition.
Q6. A. What is meant by negative and positive feed backs? Explain the characteristics of negative feedback.
B. Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q7.

Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.

A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per

pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power

Q8. A. What is slip? What are the factors on which the torque or an induction motor depends?
B.A 220-V, 3- 4-pole, 50Hz, Y-connected induction motor is rated 3.73 KW The equivalent circuit parameters are:
R1=0.45, X1=0.8, R2=0.4, B0=1/30ohm. The stator core loss is 50W and rotational loss is 150W. For a slip of
0.04, find (i) input current (ii) p.f. (iii) air-gap power (iv) mechanical power (v) electro-magnetic torque (vi) output
power and (vii) efficiency?
Q9. A. How does change to frequency affect the operation of the transformer? What makes this ratio different from
the ratio of transformer?
B. A 550 KVA, 50 Hz single phase transformer has 1875 and 75 turns in the primary and secondary windings
respectively. If the secondary voltage is 220 V, calculate - (i)Primary voltage; (ii)Primary and secondary currents; (iii)
Maximum value of flux

Q10.A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series Motor or cumulative
compound motor? Explain.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
SEPTEMBER 2012
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:
A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection?
B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in A to the shore Supply?

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems - Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe
each component

Q3. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must

be supplied

simultaneously; C. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.


Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems - A. High starting current;
Low starting torque.

B.

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.

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B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.

Q7. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.


A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per

pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power
Q8A. What is back emf Derive the relation for the back emf and the supplied voltage in terms of armature
reactance.
B. A three phase induction motor is wound for four poles and is supplied from a 5.0 Hz system.
Calculate - The synchronous speed; The speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent; The motor frequency when
the speed of the rotor is 600 r.p.m

Q9. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor?
B. The star-connected rotor of an induction motor has a stand-still resistance of 4.5 ohms/phase and a resistance of
0.5/phase. The motor has an induced emf of 50 V between the slip-rings at stand-still on open circuit when
connected to its normal supply voltage. Find the current in each phase and the power factor at start when the slip ring is short-circuited.

Q10. A. List the factor that determines the maximum developed torque of the induction motor. How does the motor
adjust to its stator current changed in mechanical load?
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current in each coil, C. current in each phase
of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.

AUGUST 2012
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship - A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C.
shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection? B. Describe the method of safely
connecting the arrangement sketched in A. to the shore Supply?

Q2. With reference to U.M.S. operations - A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q3. Direct on line starting for large induction motors such as those for bow thrust units, may not

be viable.

A. State the reasons for this; B. Sketch a starting system that may be used for such motors; C. Describe the
starting method sketched in B..

Q4. A In a.c. generators, voltage dip occurs in two stages. Sketch a voltage-time graph showing the pattern of
voltage dip. Referring to this graph, state with reasons the effect on the electrical system of a small power
installation when a large load is suddenly switched on.
B. Explain EACH of the following categories of voltage control - (i) Error operated; (ii) Functional.
Q5. A. Which of the following devices will prevent a DC generator from becoming motorized?
Over current relay; Motorization trip; Reverse power relay; Reverse current relay;

B. Give a detailed explanations as

to why other options were not considered.


Q6. A. Differentiate between series and parallel resonances. Draw impedance characteristics of these circuits.
B. A 2,000-K VA, 3-phase, 8-pole alternator runs at 750 r.p.m in parallel with other machines on 6,000 V bus-bars.
Find synchronizing power on full-load 0.8 p.f. lagging per mechanical degree of displacement and the corresponding
synchronizing torque. The synchronous reactance is 6 ohm per phase.

Q7. A. Distinguish between power efficiency and all-day efficiency. Why is all-day efficiency considered more
reasonable basis for comparison than ordinary efficiency.
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B. The no-load current of a transformer is 5.0 Amps, power factor 0.25 when supplied at 235 V, 50 Hz. Turns on
the primary winding is 200. Calculate A. the maximum value of flux in the core, B. the core loss.
Q8. A. What is a commutator? Discuss its rectifying action in detail.
B. Calculate the e.m.f. generated by a 4-pole, wave wound armature having 40 slots with 18 conductors per slot
when driven at 1000 r.p.m. The flux per pole is 0.015 wb.
Q9. A. Discuss different methods of speed control of a d.c. series motor by adjusting field ampere turns.
B. A 230 V, d.c. shunt motor runs at 1000 r.p.m and takes 5 amperes. The armature resistance of the motor is
0.025 and shunt field resistance is 230 Calculate the drop in speed when the motor is loaded and takes the
line current of 41 amperes. Neglect armature reaction.
JULY 2012
Q1. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire; (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems. B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method
used for installing electric cables.
Q2. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following - A. Rotor construction, B. torque characteristic, C. speed variation.
Q3.

Diesel electric propulsion, is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.

Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.

Q4. In the event of a failure, of the main electrical power supply on a: ship, an emergency source of power must
be available, state the circuits which must be fed from such a source and discuss the reasons governing the
selection of such circuits.

Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery:


State TWO important parameters that may be recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects
may be revealed.
Q6.

A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form;

Define the form factor of such a wave form.


B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 31supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

JUNE 2012
Q1. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied
simultaneously; C. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.
Q2. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current; B. Low starting torque.
Q3. A. (i) Discuss the various hazards and problems which are associated with electric cable Insulation in the event
of fire; (ii) Suggest remedies for these problems. B. State how the spread of fire may be reduced by the method
used for installing electric cables.
Q4. Differentiate between squirrel cage and wound rotor motor of the three phases: a.c. induction. In respect of the
following - A. Rotor construction, B. torque characteristic, C. speed variation.

Q5. A. What are factors on which the speed of a motor depends? Discuss them for series and shunt motors.
B. A shunt motor supplied at 230 V runs at 900 rpm. When the armature current is 30 A, the resistance of the
armature circuit is 0.4 , calculate the resistance required in series with the armature circuit to reduce the speed to
500 rpm. Assume that the armature current is 25 Amps.
Q6. A. Describe the materials used as conductors in cables; Conductor as the name suggest should be able to
conduct electricity with negligible resistance.
A section of a supply cable AB 1km long has a fault to earth such that, when end B is disconnected, the
resistance measurement form end A to earth is 5 ohm. When end A is disconnected, the resistance reading from
end B to earth is 3 ohm. The length of the cable AB has a resistance reading from end B to earth is 3 ohm. The
length of the cable AB has a resistance of 4 ohm when intact. Find the distance of the fault from end A.
Q7. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

Q8. A. Sketch a simplified circuit of a reverse power relay explain why there is a time delay incorporated before the
reverse power relay operates
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
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voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current in each coil, C. current in each phase
of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.
Q9. A. Describe the effects of changes in speed, rotor current and torque as load is applied to an induction motor.
B. How does the motor adjust its stator current with changes in mechanical load?; C. A shunt motor runs at 900
rev/min when connected to a 440 V supply, the armature current being 60 A and armature resistance 0.4 ohm. At
what speed will it run on a 220 V supply with an current of 40 A. Assume 60 percent reduction in flux for the 220
V connection.
Q10. Diesel electric propulsion, is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.

APRIL 2012
Q1. It is proposed to operate a bow thrusters unit from a 3.3 KV electrical supply outline suitable option for the
design of installation under each of the following heading. Protection of main switch board Overload of a bow
thrusters motor Cable protection.

Q2. Sketch a circuit diagram of an emergency generator power supply system suitable fore passenger vessel:
including in your diagram the essential services supplied. With reference to an emergency generator statge - Its
location; Methods of automatic starting; The time available for starting and connection of power to switchboard; Angles
of heel and trim up to which it must be capable of operating; The length of time it must be cable of supplying
emergency power

Q3. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following:
A. Burn out; B. Starting current; C.

Starting torque; D. Speed.

Q4. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
Rectifier circuit; Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.
Q5. With reference to U.M.S. operations:

A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe
how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space fire alarm system whilst the ship is on
voyage.
Q6. A. What design factor limits the maximum torque of a d-c motor? Of an a-c motor?
B. A shunt motor runs on no load at 700 r/min off a 440 V supply. The resistance of the shunt circuit is 240.
The following table gives the relationship between the flux and the shunt current:
Shunt current A.

0.5

0.75

1.0

1.25

1.5

1.75

2.0

Flux per pole (m WB.

6.0

8.0

9.4

10.2

10.8

11.2

11.5

Calculate the additional resistance required in the shunt circuit to raise the no-loiad speed to 1000 r/min.
Q7. A. On what factors does the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor depend?
B. A tuned circuit consisting of a coil having an inductance of 200 H and a resistance of 20 in parallel with a
variable capacitor is connected in series with a resistor of 8000 across a 60 V supply having a frequency of 1
MHz. calculate the value of C to give resonance; The dynamic impedance and the Q factor of the tuned circuit; The
current in each branch
Q8. A. what is reactive power? Why is such term not encountered when d-c sources are used in electric circuit?A
transistor amplifier stage comprises a transistor of parameters hie = 800 hfe = 50 and hoe = 20 S, and bias
components and coupling capacitors of negligible effect. K, and the total load on the stage output is 4 k.
Determine the current, voltage and power gains

of the amplifier stage.

Q9. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form
Define the form factor of such a wave form.
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
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Q10. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

MARCH 2012
Q1. It is proposed to operate a bow thrusters unit from a 3.3 KV electrical supply outline suitable option for the
design of installation under each of the following heading. Protection of main switch board Overload of a bow
thrusters motor Cable protection.
Q2. Sketch a circuit diagram of an emergency generator power supply system suitable fore passenger vessel:
including in your diagram the essential services supplied. With reference to an emergency generator statge - Its
location; Methods of automatic starting; The time available for starting and connection of power to switchboard; Angles
of heel and trim up to which it must be capable of operating; The length of time it must be cable of supplying
emergency power
Q3. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following:
A. Burn out; B. Starting current; C.

Starting torque; D. Speed.

Q4. A. State the necessary conditions required prior to the synchronizing of electrical alternators; B. Describe the type
of cumulative damage that may be caused when alternators are incorrectly synchronized; C. Explain how the damage
referred to in B. can be avoided / reduced; D. For two alternators operating in parallel state the consequences of:
(i) Reduced torque from the prime mover of one machine; (ii)Reduced excitation on one machine.
Q5. Sketch and describe an arrangement for automatic connection of emergency batteries upon loss of main power.
Include in your answer - A. Means of obtaining D.C. charging supply from a.c. mains; B. A method of maintaining
charge on lead acid batteries; C. The arrangement to check that a battery operates a loss of main power. D. The
length of time for which emergency batteries of passenger and cargo ships must provide power.

Q6. Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q7. A. Describe the no-load saturation characteristic of a.d.c. generator.


B. A 4-pole machine running at 1500 r.p.m. has an armature with 80 skits abd 6 conductors per pole. The flux per

pole is 6 x 106 lines. Determine the terminal e.m.f. of d.c. generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current
per conductor is 100 Amps, determine the electrical power

Q8. A. What is slip? What are the factors on which the torque of a induction motor depends? B. Calculate the pitch
factors Kp for a wipding having 24 stator slots, 4 poles, when the coil span is 1 to 6.

Q9. A. How does change to frequency affect the operation of the transformer? What makes this ratio different from
the ratio of transformer?
B. A 550 KVA, 50 Hz single phase transformer has 1875 and 75 turns in the primary and secondary windings
respectively. If the secondary voltage is 220 V, calculate

(i)Primary voltage; (ii)Primary and secondary currents;

Maximum value of flux


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Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

FEBRUARY 2012
Q1. With reference to a three phase shipboard electrical distribution system:
A. Enumerate the advantages of an insulated neutral system; B. Enumerate the disadvantages of an insulated neutral
system; C. Describe how the earthed neutral system is Earthed; D. Compare the use of an insulated neutral system
as opposed to the use of an Earthed neutral System with regard to the risk of electric shock from either system.
Q2. A. (i) Describe the characteristics of a d.c. motor. (ii) Explain the advantages of such a motor for deck
machinery.; B. Describe with the aid of a sketch a control system for the motor in A..
Q3. List at least two factors that cause deterioration of the frequency response of a transistor amplifier. Explain how
each factor affects the performance of the amplifier and the portion of the frequency range where it is effective.
Q4. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits
Rectifier circuit; Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.

Q5. A. Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled; B. Explain
the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you would
require following such event; C. Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open under
fault Condition.

Q6. A. Explain what is meant by the terms wave form, frequency and average value; B.A moving coil ammeter, a
thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V sinusoidal a.c. supply. The
circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an infinite resistance to current
in the reverse direction. Calculate - (i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current
wave.

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis
of the transformer?
B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary
voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary
power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate - (i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7
power factor; (ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7 (i) Lagging, (ii) leading; (iii) The secondary terminal
voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)

Q8. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate
(i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. The primary and secondary windings of a 500 Kva transformer have resistance of 0.42 and 0.0019 respectively.
The primary and secondary voltages are 11 000 V and 415 V respectively and the core loss is 2.9 Kw, assuming
the power factor of the load to be 0.8. Calculate the efficiency on
(i) Full load;

(ii) Half load;


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Q10. A 100 Kw, 460 V shunt generator was run as a motor on no load at its rated voltage and speed. The total
current taken was 9.8 A, including a shunt current of 2.7 A. The resistance of the armature circuit at normal working
temperature was 0.11 Calculate the efficiencies at - Full load; Half load

JANUARY 2012
NOTE: FIRST 5 QUESTIONS SAME AS APRIL 2013
Q6. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, an isolator for a 3 phase 440V, 20 amp electric supply List the safety
features of the isolator described in the sketch.
B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V
sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an
infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:
(i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. A. What is leakage flux as it applies to the iron-core transformer? How is it taken into account in the analysis
of the transformer?
B. The following results were obtained on a 50KVA transformer: open circuit test-primary voltage, 3300V; secondary
voltage, 415 V; primary power, 430 W. Short circuit test primary voltage, 124V; primary current, 15.3 A; primary
power, 525 W; secondary current full load value. Calculate:
(i) The efficiencies at full load and at half load for 0.7 power factor; (ii) The Voltage regulations for power factor 0.7
(i) Lagging, (ii)leading; (iii) The secondary terminal voltages corresponding to (i) and (ii)

Q8. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate
(i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature

Q9. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. The primary and secondary windings of a 500 kVA transformer have resistance of 0.42 and 0.0019 respectively.
The primary and secondary voltages are 11 000 V and 415 V respectively and the core loss is 2.9 kW, assuming
the power factor of the load to be 0.8. Calculate the efficiency on - (i) Full load; (ii) Half load;
Q10. A 100 kW, 460 V shunt generator was run as a motor on no load at its rated voltage and speed. The total
current taken was 9.8 A, including a shunt carrent of 2.7 A. The resistance of the armature circuit at normal working
temperature was 0.11 Calculate the efficiencies at - Full load; Half load

DECEMBER 2011
Q1. A. Sketch a main engine shaft driven generator arrangement with an electronic system for

frequency correction.

B. Describe the operation of the generator arrangement sketched in A)

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.
Q3. A. Sketch a circuit diagram for an automatic voltage regulator illustrating how the A. V.R. utilizes a

Silicon-

controlled rectifier to control the excitation system for an alternator; B. Describe how the A. V.R. monitors output and
controls the excitation system.
Q4. It is proposed to operate a bow thrusters unit from a 3.3 KV electrical supply outline suitable option for the
design of installation under each of the following heading. Protection of main switch board Overload of a bow
thrusters motor Cable protection.
Q5. With reference to a three phase shipboard electrical distribution system:
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A. Enumerate the advantages of an insulated neutral system; B. Enumerate the disadvantages of an insulated neutral
system; C. Describe how the earthed neutral system is Earthed; D. Compare the use of an insulated neutral system
as opposed to the use of an Earthed neutral System with regard to the risk of electric shock from either system.

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.

Q7. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the break over voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate
(i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature
Q8. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of he three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. A three-phase induction motor is will for four poles and is supplied from a 50 Hz system Calculate:
i) the synchronous speed; ii) the speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent; iii) the rotor frequency when the
speed of the rotor is 600 r/min

Q9. A. Describe the situations in which hand regulation might be desirable for operation of generators.
B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.

Q10. A. Sketch a simplified circuit of a reverse power relay explain why there is a time delay incorporated before
the reverse power relay operates
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current in each coil, C. current in each phase
of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.

NOVEMBER 2011
Q1. A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation; B. (i)
Sketch a reverse power trip; (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based and
How tripping is activated.

Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R.; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.
Q3. With the aid of sketch describe the main features and principle of operation of a D.C. moving Coil meter. If
such a meter is designed to give full scale deflection with 150 mA, State how it May be adapted; As an ammeter
to read up to 150 A; (ii) As a voltmeter to read up to 150 V.; No calculations are required.
Q4.With reference to U.M.S. operations:
A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe
how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space fire alarm system whilst the ship is on
voyage.

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Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution systemA. State why this facility is
required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three stages of tripping as an
instantaneous protection against short circuit.

Q6. A. Describe the effect of the following loads on power factor -

(i)Induction motors;(ii)Partly loaded motors;(iii)

Cage type motors.


B. In a 50-kAV, star-connected, 440-V, 3-phase, 50-Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is 0.25 ohm per
phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 ohm per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 ohm phase. Determine at
rated load and unity power factor - A) Internal e.m.f E B) no-load e.m.f E C) percentage regulation on full-load D)
value of synchronous reactance which replaces armature reaction.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. A. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.

Q9. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke, iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, vi.) Grid bias voltage
Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

OCTOBER 2011
Q1. Differentiate between half and full wave rectification. State where half wave rectification may be used and the
purpose for which it is not well adapted. Sketch a bridge connection by which full wave rectification may be
obtained.

Q2. A. Describe with the aid of a simple sketch the arrangement of the three phase winding of an alternator
showing the neutral point; Explain why for most ships the neutral point is insulated; Explain why in some installation
the neutral point is Earthed.

Q3. Explain the effect of reduced voltage on standard cage motors with respect to EACH of the following: A. Burn
out; B. Starting current; C. Starting torque; D. Speed.

Q4. A. what is intrinsic electric safety? B. can live maintenance be done on intrinsically safe circuits?C. Describe
intrinsically safe equipment used on board ship.
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Q5. A. (i) Sketch a diagrammatic arrangement of a static or self-excited alternator.; (ii) Describe the operation of the
self-excited alternator; B. state why the voltage dip is less in the self-excited alternator than in brushless or
conventional alternators.

Q6. A. What are factors on which the speed of a motor depends? Discuss them for series and shunt motors.
B. A shunt motor supplied at 230 V runs at 900 rpm. When the armature current is 30 A, the resistance of the
armature circuit is 0.4 , calculate the resistance required in series with the armature circuit to reduce the speed to
500 rpm. Assume that the armature current is 25 Amps
Q7. A. Derive an expression for the e.m.f induced in an a.c. generator.
B. A 3000 KVA, 6 pole alternators runs at 1000 r.p.m in parallel with other machines on 330G V bus-bars. The
synchronous reactance is 25%. Calculate the synchronizing power for one mechanical degree of displacement and the
corresponding synchronizing torque.

Q8. A. Explain the purpose of interlopes and state their magnetic polarity relative to the main poles of both
generators and motors.
A 200V, long-shunt compound-wound generator has a full-load output of 20kW. The various resistances are as follows;
armature (including brush contact) 0.15 ohm, series field 0.025 ohm, interlope field 0.028 ohm, shunt field (including
the field-regulator resistancE. 115ohm. The iron losses at full load are 780W, and the friction and wind age losses
590W. Calculate the efficiency at full load.

Q9. A 72 KVA transformer supplies A. a heating and lighting load of 12 KW at unity power factor B. a motor load
of 70 kVA at 0.766 (lagging) power factor. Calculate the minimum rating of the power-factor improvement capacitors
which must be connected in the circuit the ensure that the transformer does not become overloaded.

Q10. Evaluate for a frequency of 15 kHz, the amplification and the phase difference between input and output signals
of a voltage amplifier using a triode having an amplification factor of 48 and a mutual conductance of 1.2 m A/V
with an anode-load resistant of 160 k. The output p.d. is fed by a coupling capacitor of negligible reactance to a
subsequent circuit of resistance 480 k and the total shunt capacitance is 90 F.

SEPTEMBER 2011
Q1.A. Sketch a main engine shaft driven generator arrangement with an electronic system for frequency correction; B.
Describe the operation of the generator arrangement sketched in A..

Q2. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution systemA. State why this facility is
required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three stages of tripping as an
instantaneous protection against short circuit.

Q3. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke,; (iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, v.) Grid bias voltage
Q4. Explain the meaning of p and n type semi-conductor materials and give a brief description of the mechanism
by which current passes through them.

Q5. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in A.
Q6. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, an isolator for a 3 phase 440V, 20 amp electric supply List the safety
features of the isolator described in the sketch.
B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V
sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an
infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate -

(i) The readings on the ammeters; (ii) The form

and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. A. What is silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)? How is the breakover voltage of the SCR defined?
B. A d.c. motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2. The
machine has six poles and the armature is lap-connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 Wb.
Calculate - (i) The speed; (ii) The gross torque developed by the armature
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39

Q8. (. List the factors that determine the starting torque of he three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. A three-phase induction motor is would for four poles and is supplied from a 50 Hz system Calculate:
i) the synchronous speed; ii) the speed of the rotor when the slip is 4 per cent;

iii) the rotor frequency when the

speed of the rotor is 600 r/min


Q9. A. Describe the situations in which hand regulation might be desirable for operation of generators.
B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.

Q10. A. Sketch a simplified circuit of a reverse power relay explain why there is a time delay incorporated before
the reverse power relay operates
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current in each coil, C. current in each phase
of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.

AUGUST 2011
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator; B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two
generators are running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?
Q2. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of: Rotor resistance; Cascade system; Pole-changing
Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.
Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?; What is meant by equivalent resistance?

Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch:Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor; Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.

Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery: State TWO important parameters that may be
recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed.
Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form; Define
the form factor of such a wave form.
B.A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. Electric motors contain a stationary member as well as a rotating member. For each of the following
machines, identify in which part of the motor three field winding and the armature winding are located: three phase
induction motor, three phase synchronous motor, d.c. motor.
B. A 220 V, d.c. shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and an armature current of 40 A on full load.
Determine the reduction in flux necessary for a 50 per cent reduction in speed. The torque for both conditions can
be assumed to remain constant.

Q8. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. A 440 load of 400 KW at 0.8 (lagging) power factor is jointly supplied by two alternator A and B. The KW load
on A is 150 KW and the KVAr load on B is 150 KVAr (lagging). Determine the KW load on B, the KVAr load on
A, the power factor of operation on each machine and the current loading of each machine.
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Q9. A. Explain the preference for a 60 Hz system. Describe the dangers of running a 50 Hz system from a 60 Hz
supply; B. A ring-main, 900m long, is supplied at a point A at a p.d. of 220V. At a point B, 240m from A, a load
of 45A is drawn from the main, and at a point C, 580m from A, measured in the some direction, a load of 78A is
taken from the main. If the resistance of the main (lead and return) is 0.25 ohm per kilometre, calculate the current
which will flow in each direction round the main from the supply point A and the potential difference across the
main, at the load where it is lowest.

Q10. What is direct-connected alternator? How is a direct-connected exciter arranged in an alternator?

Sketch a

graph of starting current, and torque against the speed of rotation for a single cage motor.
A 440V shunt motor takes an armature current of 30A at 700 rev.min. The armature resistance is 0.7 ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming unchanged
resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch graphs
showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

JULY 2011
Q1.A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation.; B. (i)
Sketch a reverse power trip; (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based and
How tripping is activated.
Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.

Q3. With the aid of sketch describe the main features and principle of operation of a D.C. moving Coil meter. If
such a meter is designed to give full scale deflection with 150 Ma, State how it May be adapted:;As an ammeter to
read up to 150 A; (ii) As a voltmeter to read up to 150 V.; No calculations are required.

Q4.With reference to U.M.S. operations - A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q5.With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system:


A. State why this facility is required;

B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three

stages of tripping as an instantaneous protection against short circuit.

Q6. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form;

Define

the form factor of such a wave form.


B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation?

And low values of voltages regulation for power

transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
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respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate -

41

(i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;

The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 41supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A and
B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

APRIL 2011
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:
A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore
connection?; B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in A. to the shore Supply?

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.

Q3. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:- A. Describe a typical power source;
B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied simultaneously; C. Explain how the emergency
installation can be periodically tested.
Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B. Low starting torque.

Q6. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form. Define the
form factor of such a wave form
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

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Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 42supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A and
B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

MARCH 2011
Q1.With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:
A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore
connection?; B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in A. to the shore Supply?
Q2. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.

Q3.Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:-

A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied
simultaneously; C.

Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems: A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q6. Explain how rotating magnetic field is produced in three phase winding with three phase supply. A 4-pole, 3phase induction motor operates from a supply whose frequency is 50 Hz. Calculate (i) Speed at which the magnetic
field of the stator is rotating, (ii) speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04, (iii) the frequency of the rotor current
when the slip is 0.03.

Q7. Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

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Q8. A. Explain the potential hazards if liquid-cooled transformers are used.


B. What are the losses in transformers? Mention the various factors which affect these losses. In a 25 KVA,
3300/233 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full-load Cu. Losses are respectively 350 and 400 watts. Calculate
the efficiency at half-full load, 0.8 power factor.

Q9. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke, iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, v.) Grid bias voltage
Q10. A. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm.
If the flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

FEBRUARY 2011
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator.
B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two generators are
running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?
Q2. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of: Rotor resistance; Cascade system; Pole-changing
Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.
Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?; What is meant by equivalent resistance?
Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch: Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor,; Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.
Q5.

With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery: State TWO important parameters that may be

recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed.

Q6. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form
Define the form factor of such a wave form; B.A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two
alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies 6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other
alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. Electric motors contain a stationary member as well as a rotating member. For each of the following
machines, identify in which part of the motor three field winding and the armature winding are located: three phase
induction motor, three phase synchronous motor, d.c. motor.
B. A 220 V, d.c. shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and an armature current of 40 A on full load.
Determine the reduction in flux necessary for a 50 per cent reduction in speed. The torque for both conditions can
be assumed to remain constant.

Q8. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. A 440 V load of 400 KW at 0.8 (lagging) power factors is jointly supplied by two alternators A and B. The KW
load on A is 150 KW and the kVAr load on B is 150 KVAr (lagging Determine the Kw load on B, the kVAr load
on A the power factor of operation on each machine and the current loading of each machine.

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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Q9. A. Explain the preference for a 60 Hz system. Describe the dangers of running a 50 Hz system from a 60 Hz
supply.
B. A ring-main, 900m long, is supplied at a point A at a p.d. of 220V. At a point B, 240m from A, a load of 45A
is drawn from the main, and at a point C, 580m from A, measured in the some direction, a load of 78A is taken
from the main. If the resistance of the main (lead and return) is 0.25 ohm per kilometre, calculate the current which
will flow in each direction round the main from the supply point A and the potential difference across the main, at
the load where it is lowest.
Q10. What is direct-connected alternator? How is a direct-connected exciter arranged in an alternator?

Sketch a

graph of starting current, and torque against the speed of rotation for a single cage motor.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

JANUARY 2011
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a shipA. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C.
shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection? B. Describe the method of safely
connecting the arrangement sketched in A. to the shore Supply?
Q2.With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.
Q3. Diesel electric propulsion is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels.
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:-

A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied
simultaneously; C. Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems - A. High starting current;

B.

Low starting torque.

Q6. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form. Define the
form factor of such a wave form.
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. Sketch an arrangement showing the principal of proportional plus integral (P+I) control loop; B.Compare the
series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q8. A. Explain the potential hazards if liquid-cooled transformers are used.


B. What are the losses in transformers? Mention the various factors which affect these losses. In a 25 KVA,
3300/233 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full-load Cu. Losses are respectively 350 and 400 watts. Calculate
the efficiency at half-full load, 0.8 power factor.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
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B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 45supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A and
B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

NOVEMBER 2010
Q1.A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation. (i) Sketch
a reverse power trip; (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based and how
tripping is activated.

Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R.; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.

Q3. With the aid of sketch describe the main features and principle of operation of a D.C. moving Coil meter. If
such a meter is designed to give full scale deflection with 150 Ma, State how it May be adapted:As an ammeter to
read up to 150 A.; As a voltmeter to read up to 150 V;

No calculations are required.

Q4. With reference to U.M.S. operations - A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system:


A. State why this facility is required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three
stages of tripping as an instantaneous protection against short circuit.
Q6. A. Describe the effect of the following loads on power factor:
(i)Induction motors;

(ii)Partly loaded motors;

(iii) Cage type motors.

B. In a 50-Kav, star-connected, 440-V, 3-phase, 50-Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is 0.25 ohm per
phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 ohm per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 ohm phase. Determine at
rated load and unity power factor:
A. Internal e.m.f E ; B. no-load e.m.f E ; C. percentage regulation on full-load ; D. value of synchronous reactance
which replaces armature reaction.
Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

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Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?
B.A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q9. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke, iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, v.) Grid bias voltage
Q10. A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B.A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

OCTOBER 2010
Q1. Describe A. A safety lamp approved as part of slips statutory equipment LIFEBUOY SELF IGNITING LIGHTS; B.
A self-igniting lamp suitable for attachment to a lifebuoy; C. State the attention required to maintain them in a
satisfactory working condition.

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems


Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each component shown in the diagram in a.

Q3. Discuss the suitability and limitations of the following insulating materials for use on board ships and state
suitable application in each case. Particular reference should be made to the influence of environment and its 46
effect on deterioration in service - Pure rubber; Paper; Mica; Porcelain; Ebonite

Q4. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current;

B. Low starting torque.

Q5. Why upon heavy impact loading self-excited compounded alternator provide the best response in limiting voltage
dip and recovery time.
Q6. A. Define following terms with reference to alternating currents - Cycle; Time-period; Frequency; Peak factor
B. A heater unit of inductance has a resistance of 6.5 ohms and is intended for use with 100V mains. For what
50Hz voltage would it be suitable when placed in series with an external apparatus, of negligible resistance, having
an inductance of 0.01H. If the frequency rises by 5 per cent and this voltage remains constant, what constant, what
would be the resulting change or voltage at the heater terminals?

Q7. A. Describe the possible causes and the effect of running a three phase motor with one phase open circuited.
B.A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

Q8. A. Describe the materials used as conductors in cables; Conductor as the name suggest should be able to
conduct electricity with negligible resistance.
A section of a supply cable AB 1km long has a fault to earth such that, when end B is disconnected, the
resistance measurement form end A to earth is 5 ohm. When end Ais disconnected, the resistance reading from end
B to earth is 3 ohm. The length of the cable AB has a resistance reading from end B to earth is 3 ohm. The
length of the cable AB has a resistance of 4 ohm when intact. Find the distance of the fault from end A.
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Q9. A. Sketch a simplified circuit of a reverse power relay explain why there is a time delay incorporated before the
reverse power relay operates
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current in each coil, C. current in each phase
of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.

Q10. A. Describe the effects of changes in speed, rotor current and torque as load is applied to an induction motor;
B. How does the motor adjust its stator current with changes in mechanical load?
C. A shunt motor runs at 900 rev/min when connected to a 440 V supply, the armature current being 60 A and
armature resistance 0.4 ohm. At what speed will it run on a 220 V supply with an current of 40 A. Assume 60
percent reduction in flux for the 220 V connection.

SEPTEMBER 2010
Q1. Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits; Rectifier circuit;
Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.

Q2. With reference to U.M.S. operations:


A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe
how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space fire alarm system whilst the ship is on
voyage.
Q3. Explain the matching of an induction electric motor to a pump required for main circulating duty, with the aid of
pump characteristic and torque/ship diagrams.
Q4 Differentiate with the aid of simple sketches between the following types of electronic circuits; Rectifier circuit;
Amplifier circuit; Oscillator circuit.

Q5. A. Describe the circuit breaker for an a.c. generator using a sketch to show how arcing is Controlled; B. Explain
the sequence of events that might occur if the breaker opens on a short circuit and state the check you would
require following such event; C. Give a safe procedure to follow should a main circuit breaker fail to open under
fault Condition.
Q6. A. Explain what is meant by the terms wave form, frequency and average value.
B. A moving coil ammeter, a thermal ammeter and a rectifier are connected in series with a resistor across a 110 V
sinusoidal a.c. supply. The circuit has a resistance of 50 to current in one direction and, due to the rectifier, an
infinite resistance to current in the reverse direction. Calculate:
(i) The readings on the ammeters;(ii) The form and peak factors of the current wave.

Q7. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?
B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate - (i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit;
The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii)
0.8 leading.
Q8. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 47supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
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Q9. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


B. Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A
and B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.

Q10. A. What is the effect on the field flux of an alternator current in the synchronous motor that leads the
terminals voltage/
B. If an alternator supplies the following loads: A. 200Kw lighting load at utility power factor, B. 400KW inductionmotor load at 0.8 (lagging), power factor, C. 200KW synchronous-motor load, find the power factor of the
synchronous-motor load, to give an overall power factor of 0.97 (lagging).

AUGUST 2010
Q1. With reference to the provision of a shore electrical supply to a ship:
A. Sketch an arrangement for taking A.C. shore supply and checks to be carried out prior Taking shore connection?;
B. Describe the method of safely connecting the arrangement sketched in A. to the shore Supply?

Q2. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.
Q3.Diesel electric propulsion, is now being chosen as the power plant for an increasingly wide variety of vessels;
Sketch a simple layout of such an installation. Explain the advantages of selecting such a plant.
Q4. With reference to an emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships:-

A. Describe a typical power source; B. Give a typical list of essential services, which must be supplied
simultaneously; C.

Explain how the emergency installation can be periodically tested.

Q5. The direct on line start of squirrel cage motor is used for most electrical drives on a.c. powered. Ships Describe
with sketches as necessary one method of overcoming each of the following Problems:
A. High starting current; B. Low starting torque.

Q6. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form. Define the
form factor of such a wave form.
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. Sketch an proportional plus integral (P+I) control loop.
B. Compare the series and parallel resonance circuits. Find the frequency at which the following circuit resonates.

Q8. A. Explain the potential hazards if liquid-cooled transformers are used. What are the losses in transformers?
Mention the various factors which affect these losses.
B. In a 25 KVA, 3300/233 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full-load Cu. Losses are respectively 350 and
400 watts. Calculate the efficiency at half-full load, 0.8 power factor.

Q9. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?

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B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 49supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.
Q10. A. With the aid of delta and star connection diagrams, state the basic equation from which

delta star

delta conversion equation can be derived.


Three batteries A, B and C have their negative terminals connected together, between the positive terminals of A and
B there is a resistor of 0.5 ohm and between B and C three is a resistor of 0.3 ohm,
Battery A 105 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Battery B 100 V, Internal resistance 0.2 ohm
Battery C 95 V, Internal resistance 0.25 ohm
Determine the current values in the two resistors and the power dissipated by them.
JULY 2010
Q1.A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation.
(i) Sketch a reverse power trip;

(ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based

and How tripping is activated.

Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.
Q3. With the aid of sketch describe the main features and principle of operation of a D.C. moving Coil meter. If
such a meter is designed to give full scale deflection with 150
to read up to 150 A;

As a voltmeter to read up to 150 V.

A, State how it May be adapted - As an ammeter


No calculations are required.

Q4.With reference to U.M.S. operations - A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.
Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system:
A. State why this facility is required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three
stages of tripping as an instantaneous protection against short circuit.
Q6. A. Describe the effect of the following loads on power factor -

(i)Induction motors;

(ii)Partly loaded motors; (iii)

Cage type motors.


B. In a 50-Kav, star-connected, 440-V, 3-phase, 50-Hz alternator, the effective armature resistance is 0.25 ohm per
phase. The synchronous reactance is 3.2 ohm per phase and leakage reactance is 0.5 ohm phase. Determine at
rated load and unity power factor:
A. Internal e.m.f E B. no-load e.m.f E C. percentage regulation on full-load D. value of synchronous reactance which
replaces armature reaction.

Q7. A. By means of a schematic circuit diagram illustrate the peak rectifier. If the supply voltage is v(t) = V m Sin
Wt, what is the voltage across the load resistor?
B. A battery-charging circuit is shown below in Fig. The forward resistance of the diode can be considered negligible
and the reverse resistance infinite. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. Calculate the necessary value
of the variable resistance R so that the battery charging current is 1.0 A.

Q8. Why is it important to maintain high efficiency of operation? ; And low values of voltages regulation for power
transformers?
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B. A 100 KVA transformer has 400 turns on the primary and 80 turns on the secondary. The primary and secondary
resistances are 0.3 and 0.01 respectively, and the corresponding leakage reactances are 1.1 and 0.035
respectively. The supply voltage is 2200 V. Calculate:
(i) The equivalent impedance referred to the primary circuit; The voltage regulation and secondary terminal voltage for
full load having a power factor of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii) 0.8 leading.
Q9. What is meant by i.)Voltage Stabilization, ii.) Filter choke, iii.) Impedance, iv.) Rectification, v.) Grid bias voltage
Q10.A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.


B.A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
JUNE 2010
Q1. A. Explain why it is necessary to have reverse power protection for alternators intended for Operation.
(i) Sketch a reverse power trip. (ii) Explain briefly the principle on which the operation of this power trip is based
and How tripping is activated.

Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.

Q3. With the aid of sketch describe the main features and principle of operation of a D.C. moving Coil meter. If
such a meter is designed to give full scale deflection with 150 Ma, State how it May be adapted:
As an ammeter to read up to 150 A; As a voltmeter to read up to 150 V.

No calculations are required.

Q4. With reference to U.M.S. operations- A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery
spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space
fire alarm system whilst the ship is on voyage.

Q5. With reference to preferential tripping in a marine electrical distribution system:


A. State why this facility is required; B. With the aid of a sketch, describe a typical arrangement to provide three
stages of tripping as an instantaneous protection against short circuit.

Q6. A. What are the characteristics of PN junction diode? Point out its specifications. Also point out the significance
of dynamic and static resistances.
B. Draw the circuit of Half-wave rectifier and its output waveform. A diode whose internal resistance is 20 is to
supply power to 1000 load from 110 V (RMS) source. Calculate (i) peak load current, (ii) DC load current, (iii)
AC load current.
Q7. A. Describe the possible causes and the effect of running a three phase motor with one phase open circuited.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.

Q8. A. List the factors that determine the starting torque of the three-phase induction motor. How does this torque
generally compare with the value of the rated torque?
B. The low-voltage release of an a.c. motor-starter consists of a solenoid into which an iron plunger is drawn against
a spring. The resistance of the solenoid is 35 ohm. When connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz, a.c. 50supply the current
taken is at first 2A, and when the plunger is drawn into the full-in position the current falls to 0.7 A. Calculate the
inductance of the solenoid for both positions of the plunger, and the maximum value of flux-linkages in weber-turns
for the full-in position of the plunger.

Q9. A. Describe the situations in which hand regulation might be desirable for operation of generators.
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B. Three conductors fitted side by side in the stator of a salient-pole alternator. Each generates maximum voltage of
200V (sinusoidal). The angle subtended at the centre of the stator between adjacent conductors is 20 electrical
degrees. If the three conductors are connected in series, find (i) the r.m.s. value of the effective voltage and (ii) the
breadth factor Using the theory that is the basis of this problem, give one reason why three-phase current has been
introduced.
Q10. A. Sketch a simplified circuit of a reverse power relay explain why there is a time delay incorporated before
the reverse power relay operates
B. A twelve-pole, three-phase, delta-connected alternator runs at 600 rev/min and supplies a balanced star-connected
load. Each phase of the load is a coil of resistance 35 ohm and inductive reactance 25 ohm. The line terminal
voltage of the alternator is 440V. Determine A. frequency of supply, B. current in each coil, C. current in each phase
of the alternator, D. total power supplied to the load.
APRIL 2010
Q1. With reference to alkaline batteries used on board ship- A. Describe the operation of a battery cell and state the
material used; B. Describe how the cells are mounted to form a battery; C. State the advantages and disadvantages
compared with lead-acid batteries.
Q2. A. State the necessary conditions required prior to the synchronizing of electrical alternators; B. Describe the type
of cumulative damage that may be caused when alternators are incorrectly synchronized; C. Explain how the damage
referred to in B. can be avoided / reduced; D. For two alternators operating in parallel state the consequences of:
(i) Reduced torque from the prime mover of one machine;
Q3. With reference to U.M.S. operations:

(ii)Reduced excitation on one machine.

A. State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces; B. As second Engineer, describe
how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the Machinery space fire alarm system whilst the ship is on
voyage.

Q4. Explain the meaning of p and n type semi-conductor materials and give a brief description of the mechanism
by which current passes through them.

Q5. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.

Q6. A. Derive the expression for current and voltage relations between line and phase values in the star and delta
cases. Draw vector diagram. Three impedances Z = 5 + j4 are connected in the form of a delta to three loads of a
balanced 3-phase circuit. The line voltage is 120 volts. Find A. the phase current, B. power factor, C. the voltampere in the circuit

Q7. A resistor of ohm value 3 ohms is connected in series with a coil of inductance 0.1 H and resistance 1 ohm.
If 100 V at a frequency of 50 Hz is applied to the circuit find the current flowing.

Q8. A. What is slip? What are the factors on which the torque or an induction motor depends?
B. A 220-V, 3- 4-pole, 50Hz, Y-connected induction motor is rated 3.73 KW The equivalent circuit parameters are:
R1=0.45, X1=0.8, R2=0.4, B0=1/30ohm.

The stator core loss is 50W and rotational loss is 150W. For a slip of

0.04, find (i) input current (ii) p.f. (iii) air-gap power (iv) mechanical power (v) electro-magnetic torque (vi) output
power and (vii) efficiency?
Q9. A. How does change to frequency affect the operation of the transformer? What makes this ratio different from
the ratio of transformer?
B. A 550 KVA, 50 Hz single phase transformer has 1875 and 75 turns in the primary and secondary windings
respectively. If the secondary voltage is 220 V, calculate Maximum value of flux

(i)Primary voltage; (ii)Primary and secondary currents;

Q10.A. Which of the following three motors has the poorest speed regulation: shunt motor, series

Motor or

cumulative compound motor? Explain.

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B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
MARCH 2010
Q1. With reference to electronic control systems; Draw a simple block diagram for temperature control; Describe each
component shown in the diagram in a.

Q2. A. Describe a brush less alternator with a.c. exciter static A.V.R; B. State the output voltage characteristics for
this type of machine.

Q3. A. State the necessary conditions required prior to the synchronizing of electrical alternators; B. Describe the type
of cumulative damage that may be caused when alternators are incorrectly synchronized; C. Explain how the damage
referred to in B. can be avoided / reduced; D. For two alternators operating in parallel state the consequences of:
(i) Reduced torque from the prime mover of one machine. (ii)Reduced excitation on one machine.
Q4. A. Sketch a circuit diagram of a push button direct on line contactor starter for a three phase Incorporating
overload and short circuit protection. B. Indicate, on a sketch of the typical characteristic curves of current and torque
against Speed, disadvantages of a direct on line start squirrel cage induction motor.
Q5. Describe A. A safety lamp approved as part of slips statutory equipment LIFEBUOY SELF IGNITING LIGHTS; B.
A self-igniting lamp suitable for attachment to a lifebuoy. State the attention required to maintain them in a
satisfactory working condition.
Q6. Differentiate between series and parallel resonances. Draw impedance characteristics of these circuits.
B. A 2,000-K VA, 3-phase, 8-pole alternator runs at 750 r.p.m in parallel with other machines on 6,000 V bus-bars.
Find synchronizing power on full-load 0.8 p.f. lagging per mechanical degree of displacement and the corresponding
synchronizing torque. The synchronous reactance is 6 ohm per phase.

Q7. Discuss different methods of speed control of a d.c. series motor by adjusting field ampere turns.
B. A 230 V, d.c. shunt motor runs at 1000 r.p.m and takes 5 amperes. The armature resistance of the motor is
0.025 and shunt field resistance is 230 Calculate the drop in speed when the motor is loaded and takes the
line current of 41 amperes. Neglect armature reaction.

Q8. A. What are the factors which determine the synchronous speed of a motor?
B. The star-connected rotor of an induction motor has a stand-still resistance of 4.5 ohms/phase and a resistance of
0.5/phase. The motor has an induced emf of 50 V between the slip-rings at stand-still on open circuit when
connected to its normal supply voltage. Find the current in each phase and the power factor at start when the slipring is short-circuited.

Q9. A. Explain the purpose of interlopes and state their magnetic polarity relative to the main poles of both
generators and motors.
B. A 200V, long-shunt compound-wound generator has a full-load output of 20kW. The various resistances are as
follows; armature (including brush contact) 0.15 ohm, series field 0.025 ohm, interlope field 0.028 ohm, shunt field
(including the field-regulator resistancE. 115ohm. The iron losses at full load are 780W, and the friction and wind age
losses 590W. Calculate the efficiency at full load.

Q10. What is direct-connected alternator? How is a direct-connected exciter arranged in an alternator?

Sketch a

graph of starting current, and torque against the speed of rotation for a single cage motor.
A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

53

FEBRUARY 2010
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator; B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two
generators are running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?

Q2. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of - Rotor resistance; Cascade system; Pole-changing
Give examples where each system may be employed with advantage.

Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?; What is meant by equivalent resistance?

Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch; Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor; Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.
Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery: State TWO important parameters that may be
recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed.

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form
Define the form factor of such a wave form.
B .A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.
Q7. A. Electric motors contain a stationary member as well as a rotating member. For each of the following
machines, identify in which part of the motor three field winding and the armature winding are located: three phase
induction motor, three phase synchronous motor, d.c. motor.
B. A 220 V, d.c. shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and an armature current of 40 A on full load.
Determine the reduction in flux necessary for a 50 per cent reduction in speed. The torque for both conditions can
be assumed to remain constant.

Q8. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. A 440 V load of 400 KW at 0.8 (lagging) power factors is jointly supplied by two alternators A and B. The KW
load on A is 150 KW and the kVAr load on B is 150 KVAr (lagging Determine the kW load on B, the kVAr load
on A the power factor of operation on each machine and the current loading of each machine.
Q9. A. Explain the preference for a 60 Hz system. Describe the dangers of running a 50 Hz system from a 60 Hz
supply.
B. A ring-main, 900m long, is supplied at a point A at a p.d. of 220V. At a point B, 240m from A, a load of 45A
is drawn from the main, and at a point C, 580m from A, measured in the some direction, a load of 78A is taken
from the main. If the resistance of the main (lead and return) is 0.25 ohm per kilometre, calculate the current which
will flow in each direction round the main from the supply point A and the potential difference across the main, at
the load where it is lowest.

Q10. What is direct-connected alternator? How is a direct-connected exciter arranged in an alternator?

Sketch a

graph of starting current, and torque against the speed of rotation for a single cage motor.
B. A 440V shunt motor tenets an armature current of 30A at 700 rev/min. The armature resistance is 0.7ohm. If the
flux is suddenly reduced by 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming
unchanged resisting torque to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch
graphs showing armature current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state
conditions.
JANUARY 2010
Q1. A. Give a brief outline of the care maintenance that should be given to the stator and rotor of an A.C.
generator.
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B. Explain what is likely to occur if the driving power of one A.C. generator suddenly fails when two generators are
running in parallel. What safety devices are usually provided for such events?
Q2. Compare methods of obtaining speed regulation of three-phase induction motor generally used in tankers by
means of - Rotor resistance; Cascade system; Pole-changing.

Give examples where each system may be employed

with advantage.
Q3. A. Explain how the efficiency and regulation of a transformer can be assessed by open circuit and short circuit
tests?;What is meant by equivalent resistance?
Q4. With reference to a 3 speed a.c. cage motor driven cargo winch; Sketch a circuit diagram for a pole change
motor, Describe how speed change and braking are achieved.

Q5. With reference to the condition monitoring of electrical machinery: State TWO important parameters that may be
recorded; Explain how the parameters are measured and what defects may be revealed.

Q6. A. Explain the significance of the root mean square value of an alternating current or voltage wave form. Define
the form factor of such a wave form.
B. A total load of 8000 KW at 0.8 power factor is supplied by two alternators in parallel. One alternator supplies
6000KW at 0.9 power factor. Find the KVA rating of the other alternator and the power factor.

Q7. A. Electric motors contain a stationary member as well as a rotating member. For each of he following
machines, identify in which part of the motor three field winding and the armature winding are located: three phase
induction motor, three phase synchronous motor, d.c. motor.
B. A 220 V, d.c. shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and an armature current of 40 A on full load.
Determine the reduction in flux necessary for a 50 per cent reduction in speed. The torque for both conditions can
be assumed to remain constant.

Q8. A. Show how the power that is transferred across the air gap of the three-phase induction motor is represented.
Explain the terms. What portion of this is useful power?
B. A 440 V load of 400 KW at 0.8 (lagging) power factors is jointly supplied by two alternators A and B. The KW
load on A is 150 KW and the kVAr load on B is 150 KVAr (lagging Determine the kW load on B, the kWAr load
on A the power factor of operation on each machine and the current loading of each machine.

Q9. A. Explain the preference for a 60 Hz system. Describe the dangers of running a 50 Hz system from a 60 Hz
supply; B. A ring-main, 900m long, is supplied at a point A at a p.d. of 220V. At a point B, 240m from A, a load
of 45A is drawn from the main, and at a point C, 580m from A, measured in the some direction, a load of 78A is
taken from the main. If the resistance of the main (lead and return) is 0.25 ohm per kilometre, calculate the current
which will flow in each direction round the main from the supply point A and the potential difference across the
main, at the load where it is lowest.

Q10. What is direct-connected alternator? How is a direct-connected exciter arranged in an alternator?

Sketch a

graph of starting current, and torque against the speed of rotation for a single cage motor; B. A 440V shunt motor
takes an armature current of 30A at 700 rev.min. The armature resistance is 0.7 ohm. If the flux is suddenly
reduced 20 per cent, to what value will the armature current rise momentarily? Assuming unchanged resisting torque
to motion, what will be the new steady values of speed and armature current? Sketch graphs showing armature
current and speed as functions of time during the transition from initial to final, steady-state conditions.

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