T DUY GII PHNG TRNH & BT PHNG TRNH V T

Gv: Nguyn i Dng

B i ton:

x4 3x 5

13 x

x 1

x R .
x1
3x 2
thi th THPT 2016 Offline ln 6

u k n 1 x 3 .
Hng 1: Hm s:

x4 3x 5
3x 2

13 x

x 1

3x 2 3x

x 4 3 x 5 2 3 x x 13 x 1

2 3 x 12 2 3 x x 1 12

x 4 3 x 5 2 3 x 13 x x 1

x 1

Do 1 x 3 0 x 1 2; 2 2 2 3 x 2
X

m s f t t 2 12 t t 3 12t v t 0,2

f ' t 3t 2 12 3 t 2 4 0 t 0,2 . Hm s n

Pt f 2 3 x f

c b n.

x 1 2 3 x x 1

Cch 1: Bnh phng * x 2 0

2

Cch 2: Nhm hng ng thc *

c x y a k

x 1 1

x 1 3 x

Cch 3: nh gi B.C.S:
n

3 x 1 0 x 2

12 x 1 3 x 2

x 1
3x

x2
1
1

Hng 2: t n ph. Do bi ton ch cha 2 cn n gin

t x 1 t 2 1 x 0 t 2 .
Pt

t2 6 4 2 t2
2 t2 2

12 t t

t2 2

Ch : t 2 2 4 2 t 2 2 2 t 2

2 t2

T DUY TIP CN BT NG THC

Gv: Nguyn i Dng

t2 6 4 2 t2
2 t2 2

t2 6 4 2 t2

6t 2 4 2 t 2

t 2 2 t2

12 t t
2

2 t2

2 t2

2 t 2 12t t 3

2 t 2 12t t 3

2t 6 t 4

2 t2 0

Do 2t 6 t 4 2 t 2 0 t 0, 2

Pt t 2 2 t 2 0 x 1 3 x 2
Ngo i ra sau khi t n ph ta cn c th lin hip hoc bnh phng.
Hng 3: nh gi: Do bi ton c nghim kp

Pt x 4 3 x 5 2 3 x 13 x x 1

6x 2 3 x 3 x 13 x x 1
dn AM-GM:
Pt 6 x 2 3 x

x 11 x

2
2
x
3 x 13 x x2 x 4 2 3 x 3 x 0
2
x 1

5 x 3

3 x 1

3 x 0 3 x 1 x 2

T l a y x 2 l n m ca
n
n .
Vy
n
n c n m duy n x 2 .
Bnh lun:
Cch tip cn bi ton th hin t duy ca chnh ngi gii, cc em khi gii mt
ton th c th s dng bt c cch no min bi ton c gii trn vn nhng
trong phng thi th cch lm ti u nht s quyt nh vic cc em c u hay
khng.
Ngi nh gii 100 1000 bi ton cng khng bng 30 gii mt bi ton
phng thi. Cc em nn ghi nh tc gii bi ton quyt nh t duy logic tt
hay khng ch khng phi ta c tru b x l n cui cng hay khng v i khi
cc em gii ra trn vn th khng kp thi gian na ri.