BI TP PHN NG HU C

GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

Cu 1:
Khi clo ha C5H12 100OC c chiu sng thu c cc sn phm vi t l sn phm
nh sau:
2Clo2Metylbutan
28,4%
1Clo2Metylbutan
24,4%
2Clo3Metylbutan
35,0%
1Clo3Metylbutan
12,2%
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng v nu c ch phn ng.
b) Nu thay Cl2 bng Br2 th t l sn phm phn ng thay i nh th no.? Gii
thch. Nu tng nhit trong phn ng brom ha th t l sn phm phn ng thay
i nh th no?
c) D on t l sn phm monoclo ha propan v isobutan.
Cu 2:
Cho nPropyl benzen tc dng vi Cl2
a) Khi un nng c xc tc bt st thu c hn hp ba dn xut monoclo vi t l
tng ng l 60%, 38%, 2%.
b) Khi chiu sng v un nng nh thu c hn hp ba dn xut monoclo vi t l
tng ng l 68%, 22%, 10%.
Nu c ch phn ng v xc nh % tng ng vi cc sn phm.
Cu 3:
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng cng Br2 vo propen v nu c ch phn ng.
b) Vit phng trnh phn ng khi thay Br2 bng BrCl, IBr, ICl. Cho bit th tc
phn ng tng dn theo dy: I2 < .... < Br2 < .... < .... < Cl2
c) Vit phng trnh phn ng gia BrCl vi But1en, pent2en, axit propenoic,
brometen. So snh tc phn ng gia cc cht trn vi BrCl.
Cu 4:
Trong thuc l c anabazin v ng phn ca n l nicotin (rt c). Ngoi ra ngi
ta cn tng hp c nicotirin c cu to tng t nicotin.
anabazine

nicotine

nicotirine

NH

a) Vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho mi cht phn ng vi HCl theo t l 1:1.
b) Sp xp tng dn kh nng phn ng ca mi cht vi HCl.
c) Oxi ha cc cht trn bng HNO 3 c nng. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc axit
thm to thnh.
Cu 5:
Vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho 1 mol xiclohexylbenzen phn ng vi
a) 1 mol HNO3 c/H2SO4 c
b) 1mol Br2 / nh sng.
c) KMnO4 c, d un nng.
d) 1 mol H2 /Ni, tO
Cu 6:
Iotbenzen c iu ch nh sau:
30OC
Page 1 of 8

BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

C6H6 + I2 + HNO3 C6H5I + NO + NO2 + H2O

Cho bit vai tr ca HNO3 ? Nu c ch phn ng.
Cu 7:
Cho phng trnh phn ng sau:
OH

H2SO4 85%,10oC
H=55%

a) Vit phng trnh phn ng

b) Thay A bng A1 v A2 c sn phm tng ng B1 (Hiu sut 86%) v B2 (Hiu
sut 65%).
OH
OH

A2

A1

Vit phng trnh phn ng v gii thch s khc nhau gia hiu sut ca ba phn
ng.
Cu 8:
Cho bit cc phn ng sau thuc loi phn ng oxi ha kh hay phn ng khc:
+CH3OH/H+

OCH3

CHO
OCH3

a)
+Br2

b)

Br
Br

+HBr

c)

Br

CrO3 Pyridin
H2CrO4
d) C2H5OH CH3CHO CH3COOH
e) CH4 CH3OH HCOOH HCHO CO2
f) C2H5OH + LiAlH4 / TiCl3 C2H6
Cu 9:
a) un nng mt dn xut tetraclo ca benzen vi dung dch NaOH trong CH 3OH ri
cho sn phm thu c phn ng vi natri monocloaxetat ri sau cng l axit ha th
thu c cht it c 2,4,5 T.
Vit s phn ng v c ch phn ng.
b) Trong qu trnh phn ng sinh ra mt sn phm ph c c tnh cc mnh v l
thnh phn gy c mnh nht v lu di nht ca cht c mu da cam l ioxin.
Vit phng trnh phn ng to ra ioxin.
Cu 10:
Khi ch ha hn hp cc ng phn khng gian ca 2,3ibrom3metylpentan vi
Zn thu c cc hirocacbon khng no.
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BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

a) Vit cng thc cu trc ca cc hirocacbon .

b) Thay 2,3ibrom3metylpentan bng 2,4ibrom2metylpentan.
Cu 11:
Vit phng trnh phn ng sau:
+C6H5CCH
+ CH3CHO + H2O
a) CH3CH2CH2MgBr ? ? ?
+ oxiran

+ H2O

b) CH3CH2CH2MgBr ? ?
+ H2O / H+

+CO2

c) CH3CH2CH2MgBr ? ?
+D2O

d) CH3CH2CH2MgBr ?
+HCHO

+ D2O

e) CH3CH2CH2MgBr ? ?
Cu 12:
Hon thnh s phn ng sau:
+NaOH /H2O,tO

+C2H5OH/HCl

a) Br(CH2)4CHO A B
+NaOH /H2O, tO
+HCl, tO
b) Br(CH2)4COOH C D
+ Br2 , H2O

H+, tO

c) Glucoz E F
H+, tO

d) (R) CH2OHCH2C(CH3)OHCH2COOH (ktc)

Cu 13:
Hon thnh s phn ng (cc tc nhn cha bit c th l mt hoc nhiu cht) ghi
k hiu c ch phn ng:
a) CH3(CH2)3COOH +Cl2 (Xc tc photpho)
b) CH3(CH2)3COOH +Cl2 (iu kin nh sng)
c) CH3CH2CCCOOH + CH3CH2CH=CHCOOH + D2 (t l 1:1:1)
d) CH3CH2CCCOOH + CH3CH2CH=CHCOOH + Br2 (dung mi, t l 1:1:1)
e) CH3CH2CH=CHCOOH + .... CH3CH2CHBrCHICOOH
f) CH3CH2CH=CHCOOH + .... CH3CH2CHICHBrCOOH
g) CH3 CH2 CH2 CH=CH2 + HCHO (Xc tc H2SO4 long)
Cu 14:
Axit salixylic (axit 2Hiroxibenzoic) c trong nhiu loi ong. Este ca n c
dng lm dc liu: Metyl salixylat, aspirin ( axit 2metylcacbonyloxibenzoic).
Ngi ta iu ch axit salixylic theo s sau:
tO , p cao

C6H5ONa + CO2 A
A + H2SO4 long axit salixylic
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng v c ch phn ng.
b) Vit phng trnh phn ng to cc dc liu trn.
Cu 15:
Hon thnh s phn ng chuyn ha sau:
Page 3 of 8

BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

PCl5

AlCl3

CH3CHO/HCl

HCl, tO

1) O3 2) Zn/HCl

C6H5(CH2)3COOH A B C D E
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng v nu c ch phn ng (2) (4)
b) Vit li qu trnh (5) nu thay tc nhn l KMnO4 / H2SO4 tO
Cu 16:
Khi oxi ha Etilenglycol bng HNO3 thu c hn hp 5 cht hu c.
a) Vit cng thc cu to ca 5 cht hu c ni trn.
b) So snh nhit si ca 5 cht v etilenglycol vi tng cht .
c) Vit cng thc cu dng bn nht ca mi cht.
d) Cht no tan nhiu trong nc?
Cu 17:
C6H5MgBr

H2O/H+ tO

CH(OC2H5)3

H2O tO

CH3MgI

a) CH3CCH A B C D E
Bit C l mt anehit khng no
+HBr/O2

+Mg/ete

+ Oxiran

+ HCl

b) (CH3)2C=CHCH3 A B C D
+H2O/H+,tO

HBr

KCN

1) C2H5MgBr 1) CH3MgBr

c) CH3(CH2)2CH=CH2 A B C D E
2) +H3O+

2) H+

Bit rng E l mt ru bc 3.
+ HCl

+Mg/ete

CH(OC2H5)3

H2O/H+ tO

d) (CH3)3COH A B C D
+ Cl2 nh sng

Na, tO

e) A B C6H5(CH2)2C6H5
+Mg/ete

1) C2H5MgBr

2) +H3O+

H2SO4c,180OC

B C D E
PBr3

+Mg/ete

1) +CH3COOC2H5

H2SO4 c,

KMnO4 tO

f) CH3 CHOH C2H5 A B C D E

2) +H3O+

180OC

Cu 18:
Cho s tng hp cht X c cng thc phn t C 8H8Cl2 t oO2NC6H4C2H5 (A) nh
sau:
Sn,HCl

Ac2O

HNO3

Cl2 xt

OH/H2O 1) HNO2

Sn,HCl

1) HNO2

A A1 B C D E F G X
H2SO4

2) Cu2Cl2

2) C2H5OH

a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

b) Nu vai tr ca Ac2O trong phn ng th hai.
c) Cng xut pht t A iu ch Y l ng phn ca X. Y khc X v tr ca nguyn
t Clo c trong phn t D. Y c mt nguyn t Clo nhm etyl, nguyn t ny d b
thu phn bi NaOH
Cu 19:
Page 4 of 8

BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

Br2 dd

dd NaOH d, tO

CH3CH=CHCOOCH=CHCH3 (A) B C + D
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng. Bit C,D khng phi l ng phn.
b) Gi tn cc hp cht hu c trn.
c) Vit k hiu cc c ch phn ng.
d) Cc hp cht A,B,C,D c bao nhiu ng phn cu hnh. Cc sn phm B, C, D
gm my ng phn cu hnh?
e) Cho cht ban u c cu hnh bn nht, xc nh cu hnh cc cht cn li.
g) Cho A phn ng vi tc dng ring r vi D 2 d/Ni v LiAlH4 . Vit cng thc cu
trc ca cc sn phm
Cu 20:
O
OCH3
Cho cht hu c A c cng thc nh sau:
a) in cc k hiu lp th vo A
b) Gi tn quc t ca A.
H3C
Br
(A)
c) Cho bit cu hnh ca A.
OCH3
d) Vit cng thc cu trc sn phm
CH2OH
khi cho A tc dng vi:
NaOH/etanol
Br2 /CCl4
H2 d/Ni
(CH3)3CONa/(CH3)3COH (2 sn phm l ng phn cu to )
Cu 21:
Hon thnh s phn ng
+KMnO4 long
+ H2 /Pd,PbCO3
D
B
1) HCOOOH
E
2) H3O+

C2H2 + 2HCHO A
+ KMnO4 long
+Na + NH3

E
1) HCOOOH

D
2) H3O+

Cu 22:
Hon thnh s phn ng, ghi r iu kin nu cn.
a) C6H5 CH(CH3)CH2Cl + Br2 (nh sng) C9H10BrCl
b) C6H5(CH2)2CHOHCH3 C10H12
c) CH2=CHCOOCH3 + CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2 C9H14O2
d) OHC(CH2)2COOH + HCN .... C5H5NO2
Nu c ch phn ng a,b,d.
Cu 23:
Trnh by c ch phn ng v cng thc cu to ca sn phm.
a) Hex3in + 2 HCl
b) But2in + Br2 /CCl4
c) Axit (E)But2enoic + Br2 /CCl4
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BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

d) Axit (Z)But2enoic + Br2 /CCl4

Cu 24:
Novocain c dng rng ri trong y hc lm thuc gy t cc b. dng baz
novocain c tn l: 2(N,Nietylamino)etyl4aminobenzoat.
a)Vit cng thc cu to ca novocain.
b) iu ch novocain t toluen v cc cht hu c khng qu 2C.
c) Vit phng trnh phn ng ca novocain vi
HCl long ngui (t l 1:1).
dung dch H2SO4 long d, un nng
Dung dch NaOH
Cu 25:
Cho s sau:
(CH3O)2SO2 /baz

(C2H5CO)2O/AlCl3

Kh

H2O

A B C D E+ C2H4O
(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

C6H5OH
HCHO/H+

C6H5COCl/OH

F,F G,G
(6)

CH3I OH
(8)

(7)

KMnO4 /H+

HI, tO

H,H I,I K,K'

(9)

(10)

Bit rng
E cha 70,57% C; 5,92% H. E c dng pha ch m phm v tng hp dc
phm.
D lm mt mu dung dch KMnO 4 long, lnh. D phn ng vi HI un nng to ra
CH3I
G,G l ng phn cu to c cng cng thc phn t C21H16O4 .
K,K' l ng phn cu to c cng cng thc phn t C 7H6O3 . Tnh axit ca K
mnh hn K'.
a) Xc nh cng thc v gi t A,B,C,D,E.
b) Xc nh cng thc cu to ca F,F,G,G,I,I,K,K'. Bit rng cc cht c to ra
tng ng: F G. F H ........
c) Nu tc nhn phn ng (3), (4), (5).
d) K hiu c ch phn ng (1), (2), (4), (6), (7), (8) v vit c ch phn ng (10).
e) iu ch M,N bng phng php tng hp ngn gn v hiu qu xut pht t
phenol.
Cu 26:
Thc hin phn ng monobrom ha cc hp cht sau. So snh kh nng phn ng ca
cc nguyn t H cc v tr khc nhau.

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BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

a)

b)

c)

d)
e)
Cu 27:
Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng
a) CH3 (CH2)3 COOH + Cl2 (nh sng)
b) CH3 (CH2)3 COOH + Cl2 (photpho)
c) CH3 (CH2)2 CH=CH2 + Cl2 + H2O
d) (CH3)2 C=CH CH2 CH=CH2 + HBr C7H13Br .
C7H13Br + HBr (O2) C7H14Br2
Cu 28:
Gii thch cc hin tng sau:
a) Nitro ha cumen cho sn phm para l ch yu (80%) cn sn phm octo ch
chim 16%.
b) Nitro ha halogeno benzen (Hal= F, Cl, Br, I) th trng hp Flouro benzen to ra
t sn phm octo nht.
c) Ankyl ha benzen to thnh ankyl benzen phi dng d nhiu benzen.
d) Ankyl ha bromo benzen phi dng dung mi l nitro benzen m khng dng
benzen.
e) Khng th iu ch biphenyl bng phn ng Frien Crap.
Cu 29:
Hon thnh s phn ng sau
C2H5Br/OH

Zn/HCl

NaNO2/HCl

C6H5OH

LiAlH4

a) pO2NC6H4OH A B C D E + F
Sn/HCl

0 5 OC
NaNO2/HCl C6H5OH (C2H5O)2SO2

SnCl2

AcCl

b) pO2NC6H4OC2H5 I J K L M N
0 5 OC

OH

Cu 30:
Vit y cc phng trnh phn ng ghi k hiu c ch phn ng.
a) (CH3)3 CI .... (CH3)3 CCl
b) (CH3)2 CO .... CH2 =CH(CH3)COOH
O

c)
.... OHC(CH2)3COCH3
d) HOOC (CH2)4 COOH .... H2N (CH2)4 NH2
Mi s c th s dng nhiu cht trung gian.
Cu 31:
Vit s phn ng theo chui bin ha sau:
Page 7 of 8

BI TP PHN NG HU C
GV inh Xun Quang Lng Vn Ty

C6H5NH2 A C6H5CN B C6H5CH2OH C6H5CH2Br C D

OF
C6H5CH2CH2COOH E
Cu 32:
Nm 1971 ngi ta tng hp cht X (C20H24O6) theo s sau:
OH

H+

OH

1) NaOH

C11H14O3
C26H34O7
(B)
(A) 2) (ClCH2CH2)2O

H2O,H+,to

1) NaOH

C16H18O5
X
(C) 2) (ClCH2CH2)2O

a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

b) X +H2 d xc tc niken 150OC c Y c cng thc phn t C20H36O6. Vit cng
thc cu trc cc sn phm c mt trong Y.
c) Gi tn v iu ch Cl(CH2)2O(CH2)2Cl t etilen v cc cht v c cn thit.
O

d) iu ch
t hirocacbon .
Cu 33:
Vit cng thc cu to cc sn phm chnh:
a) CH3CCH + HBrO (xc tc H+)
b) CH2=CHCH2Br +HBr (dung mi ioxan b lu).
c) CH3(CH2)3Cl +Cl2 (nh sng, 1:1).
d) mC2H5C6H4(CH2)2CHOHC2H5 (un nng vi H+).
e) CH3 CO (CH2)2 COOH + KCN +HCl C6H7O2N
Cu 34:
a) Xiclopetaien phn ng vi pbenzoquinon sinh ra sn phm A (C 11H10O2) v sn
phm B c khi lng phn t ln hn A . Vit cng thc cu to ca A v B.
b) Xiclopentaien phn ng vi cisNCCH=CHCN v trans NCCH=CHCN . Vit
cng thc cu trc ca sn phm.

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