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1 Discuss the various steps involved in research process with a suitable diagram.
1. Steps involved in research process
2. Research process diagram
Ans:
research process starts with the formulation of research problem, selecting from among
various methods of research, research design, sample design, data collection analysis and
interpretation of data, finally ending in a research report
please find the following steps of research. process
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2:What is Secondary data? What are the advantages & disadvantages of Secondary Data?
Ans:
Secondary data means the data which is already available, that is, they refer to the data, which
have already been composed and analyzed by someone else. When the examiner utilizes
secondary data, then he has to look into various sources from where he can obtain them. In
this case he is certainly not confronted with the problems that are usually linked with the
collection of original data as the researcher is mainly concerned with collecting the data for
the research problem.
The advantages & disadvantages of Primary and Secondary Data are as follows:
Primary Data
Secondary Data
methods and tools used in primary data are mainly A longer time period and water geographical area
as per the requisites of a researcher
may be covered much cost
Primary data are those that have never been
collected before, and are collected solely for the
purpose of your investigation
Some of the principles to be remembered while framing a good questionnaire are given below:
1. It must be simple: The questions should be straightforward and short. They should be simple,
which could be easily answered.
2.
Begin with a covering letter: The front page of the questionnaire must contain an introduction
to the investigator or institution collecting the data, and the purpose of the quest. If the
questionnaires are to be sent by mail, then the address to which they are to be sent must be
clearly mentioned.
3.
The number of questions must be minimum: The questions to be asked must be relevant and
minimum and should pertain to the topic of study. Any questions which do not cover the subject
study must be avoided.
4.
Minimum use of technical terms: Avoid using too many technical terms in the questionnaire.
Any abbreviations used, should be explained in detail. However, the researcher should be
conversant with the technical terms used.
5.
Questions must be logically arranged: The questions should be put in such a way that they
should flow naturally from the answer to the previous question.
6. Avoid asking controversial Questions: Do avoid those types of questions which are
controversial in nature and too personal.
7. Pre-testing of Questionnaire: Before the final administration, the questionnaire should be pre
tested with a small number of respondents. This will help in rectifying the problems or mistakes
if any. If needed, additions or deletions of questions can be done.