Intelligent Heating / Cooling (Qbus PID) Control

PRINCIPLE
The Qbus intelligent Heating Cooling Control works similar to PID control. The controller calculates an
"error" value as the difference between a measured process variable and a desired setpoint. The
controller attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the process control inputs. We hereby refer to
Intelligent Heating / Cooling Control or Qbus PID Control.
The Intelligent Heating / Cooling control works as follows:
1) the difference between the room temperature and the set temperature is measured (DIFF);
2) the time it takes to change the temperature with 0,5 degrees Celsius is measured (TIME)
3) the DIFF value and the TIME value are multiplied with the GAIN (see below) to calculate the
Proportional value which will control the heating / cooling system.

Figure 1: representation of the Proportional aspect of Intelligent Heating

During each Proportional step, an finetuning mechanism based on the Integrator value can speed up /
down the heating / cooling. See below for more information about the integrator values.

Figure 2: representation of the integration mechanism of Intelligent Heating/Cooling control

Qbus PID Control_v4

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The general Qbus intelligent heating / cooling works according to the principle as visualized in the
drawing below. Both heating and cooling will only be activated when the room temperature is 0.5
degrees Celsius below (heating) or above (cooling) the setpoint. Between heating and cooling, a dead
zone avoids the continuous switching from heating and cooling and vice versa: when a room is
heating up, and the required setpoint has been reached, cooling can only start to work when the room
temperature increased a number of degrees Celsius (to be set via the Qbus System Manager).

Figure 3: Qbus Intelligent Heating / Cooling Overall Principle

CONFIGURING QBUS PID THERMOSTAT IN THE SYSTEM MANAGER

REMARK: this requires the use of System Manager 3.2.18 or higher with Controller firmware
2.55 or higher. The Qbus Intelligent Heating / Cooling control is defined under the PID-field in
the Thermostat screen of the System Manager.
As soon as a PID Field is selected (Heating or Cooling), the Thermostat screen changes. CLICK ON
THE DEFAULT BUTTON A THE TOP RIGHT OF THE SCREEN TO GET THE DEFAULT VALUES
FOR INTELLIGENT HEATING / COOLING; IS SUGGESTED TO USE THESE DEFAULT VALUES
AND ADJUST OVER TIME BASED ON THE ACTUAL RESULTS.

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Integrator: both for relay- and 0-10V-based Intelligent Heating / Cooling. The integrator value is
added to the control value (the latter being calculated as DIFF x TIME x GAIN; see explanation above)
to flatten of the regulation process. The higher the value, the flatter the curve which means that the
adjustment process will be slowed down. Suggested to keep the integrator at the default level
adjustments can be made after using the system for some time.
Gain: used in calculating the Proportional control value for the heating / cooling system (calculated as
DIFF x TIME x GAIN; see explanation above). The higher the value, the bigger the jumps in control
value will be to speed up the control process). A gain which is too high can result in overshoot.
Suggested to keep the gain at the default level adjustments can be made after using the system for
some time.
Delay: only when using relay modules for Intelligent Heating / Cooling. When relay modules are used
to control the heating / cooling valves, a time-base of 10 minutes is used as the cycle time of one
Intelligent Heating / Cooling cycle. As relays can only be open or closed, we calculate a 75% open
relay as a cycle during which the relay is open for 75% of that cycle time, and closed for 25% of that
time. As the thermostatic valves have a delay in opening and closing, the time mentioned in this
Delay-field will be added to the time-base in order to wipe out the impact of this delay in the valve.
Button2 on DIS01: if Qbus PID is activated and this box is ticked, then the second button on a
DIS02IT can be used to enable / disable the cooling.
Speed 2: only when the difference between set temperature and room temperature is at least the
number of degrees defined in Speed 2. Speed 2 is an output which can be allocated to a ventilator
(see below).
PID Minimum / Maximum: describes the range that can be used for manual temperature control (via
touch screens or switches). When a Thermostat program with a set temperature lower than the PID
minimum is selected, the cooling will not be activated. This to avoid that e.g. airco would be activated
to cool down a room during the night or when away.
PID Diff H/C: dead zone between heating and cooling: when cooling off, temperature has to be the
number of degrees mentioned in this field lower than the set temperature before heating would kick in.
Vice versa, it would have to be that number of degrees higher than the set-point before cooling starts.
See also Figure 3 for a visual representation.

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Events: In the default settings events are Off. When it is required that the events of the Intelligent
Heating / Cooling regulation (each time a value is changing an event is generated) are registered, click
on the No button; the Yes button will appear. Next to this button the interval at which the events will
be sent can be selected. It is suggested to use at least 2 minutes for event registration.

CONFIGURING OUTPUTS FOR QBUS PID

Configuring Relay Outputs

Creating a Qbus PID thermostat output will automatically generate 4 different outputs: Heating,
Cooling, Speed 1 and Speed 2. All of these outputs can be allocated to relay contacts.

Heating and Cooling need to be allocated to the valve on the relay module which control heating /
cooling. Speed 1 and Speed 2 are meant to be allocated to the ventilator if this one is available. Speed
2 will only start functioning if the difference between set temperature and room temperature is at least
the number of degrees defined in the thermostat screen.

Configuring Analog (0-10V) Outputs

As the Speed1 / Speed2 outputs generated by a PID Thermostat are ON/OFF contacts, they can only
be allocated to relay outputs and hence not to 0-10V outputs. Only the Heating and Cooling outputs
can be allocated to 0-10V modules.

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Configuring an Air Quality Sensor (CO2 / Humidity / Temperature)

WARNING: INTELLIGENT HEATING / COOLING IS ONLY SUPPORTED IN THERMOSTAT MODE,
NOT IN HVAC MODE. WHEN USING THE TEMPERATURE SENSOR IN THE AIR01 SENSOR YOU
NEED TO LINK THE PID THERMOSTAT OUTPUT TO THAT TEMPERATURE SENSOR, NOT THE
HVAC THERMOSTAT OUTPUT.
This can be done via the TH Link button in the AIR01 set-up screen as shown below.

USING ANALOG LOGIC WITH QBUS PID

A PID thermostat will generate following outputs to be used in Analog Logic:

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Thermostat (Setpoint): Setpoint of this thermostat; can be used as condition (IF Setpoint = X
degrees, THEN) or as result (If X is ON, then X degrees Setpoint)

Thermostat (RoomTemp.): Room temperature measured by this thermostat; only used as condition
Thermostat (Prog): Respective program (Comfort, Economy, Night, Freeze,) measured by this
thermostat; can be used as condition or as result.

Thermostat (TimeOff): If the Time-Off function of the respective program of this thermostat is on or
off; can be used as condition or as result

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Thermostat (Heating): if the Heating output of this thermostat is On or OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (Cooling): if the Heating output of this thermostat is On or OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (Speed1): if the Speed1 output of this thermostat is On or OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (Speed2): if the Speed2 output of this thermostat is On or OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (HeatingPWM): if the PID Heating control via RELAYS is On or OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (CoolingPWM): if the PID Cooling control via RELAYS is On or OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (HeatingAnalog): if the PID Heating control via ANALOG MODULES (0-10V) is On or
OFF; used as condition
Thermostat (CoolingAnalog): if the PID Cooling control via ANALOG MODULES (0-10V) is On or
OFF; used as condition

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