Different process of paint

How to Texturize
Step 1 - Prepare Surfaces
Before creating a textured effect on your wall(s) or any other
surface, be sure to properly prepare it by cleaning it thoroughly. Also
repair any protruding nails or other imperfections.
Step 2 - Apply the Finish
Using a roller, apply the textured wall paint onto a clean surface.
Step 3 - Apply the Base Color
After you have allowed time for the sand finish to dry completely,
roll on your selected
base color.
Step 4 - Create a Glaze Mixture
Mix together Studio Finishes Latex Glaze (405) with paint in a
color different from your
base color.
Dampen a lint-free cloth, dip it into the mixture, and use a
"washing" techniquea
circular or wide-sweeping motionto
apply color to the wall.
Work in small sections, taking care to maintain a wet edge to
avoid hard, overlapping
lines. For different texture effects, vary
your stroke techniques.
Helpful Hints for Texture Painting

In homes with expansive natural views, textured walls link your

home's interior with the outdoors, connecting rooms to their
surroundings.

Because of their ties to natural materials, textured walls may

look best with warmer, organic colors. Experiment with warm
greens, golds, browns, and grays.

Textured paint cannot hide major damage to walls, but it is a

great choice to cover up time-worn, pitted surfaces too large to
sand smooth.

Wood finishing
refers to the process of refining or protecting a wooden surface,
especially in the production of furniture where typically it represents between
5 and 30% of manufacturing costs
Wood Furniture Finishes

Surface Coatings are clear, built-up, highly durable finishes that are
virtually maintenance-free. Examples of surface coatings are varnish,
shellac and lacquer. Surface coating finishes will add depth and
warmth to the appearance of the woodwork, while enhancing the color
and grain.

'Natural' Finishes - are clear finishes that are used to add lustre,
warmth, and character to the wood while protecting it from wear and
tear.

Pigmented finishes - are not transparent, and basically resembles

paint. Black lacquer is a pigmented finish.

Penetrating Finish - penetrates the wood grain rather than 'setting

up' on the surface and leaves no appreciable surface coating or film.
This is done with oil. Oil will impart a beautiful low lustre finish, but
requires more maintenance than the surface coating finish. Generally
speaking, a penetrating finish is used when striving for a country or
modern look.

Wax Polish - is the ultimate rich-looking and labor intensive finish that
seals and protects the wood. It is used to rejuvenate and old finish or
can be used as a finish itself. Surprising to most, a professionally
applied wax finish requires little maintenance. It can also be applied

over a penetrating finish, to reduce the amount of maintenance that

would typically be required.

Wood Finishes

Wax - Waxes confer matting effects andwear resistance to

paints.Polyethyelene waxes areincorporated into inks in the formof
dispersions to decrease friction.
Shellac - provides a glossyfinish, but lacks durability. Thismeans that
you will need toapply a new coat more oftenthan you would with
otherfinishes.
Polyurethane - is available in satinand high-gloss formulas.
Thedurability of polyurethane makesit ideal for finishing high
trafficareas like floors, tables anddesktops.
Tung Oil - is a penetrating oilvarnish that is derived from theseed of
the tung tree. In additionto varnish, tung oil is available inpure and
polymerized forms.
Linseed Oil - is a traditionalpenetrating finish material thatleaves a
glossy finish. You can mixlinseed oil with a variety of otherelements to
create a specific kind ofcharacter for your finish.
Nitrocellulose Lacqueris - a somewhat imprecise term for aclear or
coloured varnish that dries bysolvent evaporation and often a
curingprocess as well that produces ahard, durable finish, in any sheen
levelfrom ultra matte to high gloss and thatcan be further polished as
required.
Alkyds varnish - are used in paints and inmoulds for casting. They
arethe dominant resin or "binder"in most commercial "oilbased"coatings.

Wood Finishing Techniques

Staining is used to enhance the true color of the woodwork or to

achieve uniformity when the wood has an inconsistent appearance. It
can also be used to change the natural color of the wood to a color
more in keeping with the owner's tastes.

Glazing and Toning are techniques used to highlight the details in

the woodwork or to unify and add depth to the color. These two
techniques can also be used to give "age" to the finish. The process is
one of applying transparent pigmented liquid over or between coats of
finish.

Pickling and Liming are traditional finishing processes used to

accentuate the wood grain. The highlighting is achieved by using two
contrasting colors: a base color and another color rubbed into the
grain.

Bleaching is used to lighten the natural color of wood or to remove

discoloration caused by moisture. Bleaching can also be used to
achieve the base color in preparation for pickling or liming. It is not
used to remove stain or dyes.

Distressing is a technique that can be used to give age and interest

to the finish. This can be done any number of ways, including:
o sanding the finish away from areas that would have been worn
over the years
o rubbing the finish away with a chemical
o striking the surface with a mix of objects that will randomly dent
the finish

Basic wood finishing procedure

Wood finishing starts with sanding either by hand, typically using a
sanding block or power sander, scraping, or planing. Imperfections or nail
holes on the surface may be filled using wood putty or pores may be filled
using wood filler. Often, the wood's color is changed by staining, bleaching,
or any of a number of other techniques.
Once the wood surface is prepared and stained, the finish is applied. It
usually consists of several coats of wax, shellac, drying oil, lacquer, varnish,
or paint, and each coat is typically followed by sanding.

Finally, the surface may be polished or buffed using steel wool, pumice,
rotten stone or other materials, depending on the shine desired. Often, a
final coat of wax is applied over the finish to add a degree of protection.
French polishing is a finishing method of applying many thin coats of
shellac using a rubbing pad, yielding a very fine glossy finish.
Ammonia fuming is a traditional process for darkening and enriching
the color of white oak. Ammonia fumes react with the natural tannins in the
wood and cause it to change colours.[28] The resulting product is known as
"fumed oak".
Applying Wood finish:
The steps required to create a durable wood finish are called a finish
system, is comprise the following:
1) Preparatory steps:
i) Stripping away of old finish
ii) Bleaching
iii) Patching (if necessary)
iv) Sanding
v) Priming or sealing
2) Staining
3) Grain filling
4) Glazing
5) Top coating:
i) Filling nail holes
ii) Final top coating 6) Maintenance