AutoCAD 2007 Nâng Cao

ks.
nguyn vn thip
Autocad 2d nng cao

Cc k nng khai thc trit cc chc nng ca
AutoCAD
Nng cao hiu qu thit k
CAD / CAM CENTRE
tr-ng i hc giao thng vn ti
trung tm cng ngh cad/cam
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
Gii thiu chung

tng c-ng hiu qu trong thit k v v cc bn v theo ph-ng php truyn
thng (v cc bn v 2D) chng ti bin son ti liu v m cc kho o to ring
nhng ng-i bit dng AutoCAD nh-ng ch-a pht huy ht kh nng ca phn mm
cng nh- ca bn thn, ni cch khc l mt kho nng cao gip cc bn khai thc
AutoCAD mt cch trit hn.
Trong ti liu ny, chng ti -a ra cc kh nng ca AutoCAD mc su
hn, c cc v d, cc tnh hung minh ho vn dng kh nng .
Hin nay cc phin bn AutoCAD ph bin t 2004 n 2007. Trong ti liu ny
chng ti gii thiu cc cng c c trong cc phin bn ni trn. Nu bn no cn
dng AutoCAD R14, xin s dng ti liu xut bn nm 2002.
Nhng chc nng d hiu, d dng, chng tI gii thiu tn km theo vic giI
thch ngn gn. i vi chc nng phc tp hn, chng tI trnh by chi tit km theo
phm vi s dng.
Cch trnh by trong ti liu ny c khc cht t so vi cc ti liu c bn, khng
mang tnh tra cu thun ty m cn c cc tnh hung hay mc ch cng vic v cch
gii quyt. Nhng khc bit gia cc phin bn -c gii thiu y .
Sch gm cc ch-ng:
Ch-ng 1: Tnh hung v cc tham bin lin quan.
Ch-ng 2: Cc cng vic th-ng gp v cch thao tc nhanh.
Ch-ng 3: Nhm lnh tng c-ng trong Express.
Ch-ng 4: Trao i d liu gia AutoCAD v cc phn mm khc.
Ch-ng 5: B cc, to khung in bn v.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
Ch-ng 1
Tnh hung v cc tham bin lin quan

Trong AutoCAD, cc ch lm vic, cc ph-ng n thc hin cng vic -c
thi hnh thng qua cc tham bin. Trong phn c s ca AutoCAD, phn ln cc tham
bin -c dng ch mc nh. hiu su hn v s dng chng mt cch hiu
qu, chng ti -a vo ch-ng ny cc tham bin vi cc gi tr khc nhau cho cc
ph-ng n thc hin lnh. Khi nm -c cng dng tng gi tr ca cc tham bin,
chng ta d dng x l cc tr-ng hp bt th-ng xy ra.
Trn thc t khi tin hnh mt cng vic hoc thc hin mt lnh, cc ph-ng n,
cc la chn lin quan n nhng phn ci t ti nhng lnh khc. chng ta vn
dng mt cch d dng, d hiu, trong ch-ng ny chng ti trnh by nhng tham
bin no c tc ng tng th ln tt c cc lnh lin quan, cn trong cc chuyn mc
theo nhm s -c trnh by ti cc chuyn mc .
I.1 Mn hnh giao din

I.1.1 Tr-ng hp mt cc mc trn trnh n
Khi mn hnh ch c 1 mc nh- hnh d-i y:
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
Cch x l: Dng lnh Menu g t bn phm. Hp thoi xut hin:
1- Ti Files of Type, nhn chn theo cc phin bn sau:

- Cc phin bn t 2006 tr v tr-c: Menu Template (*.mnu).
- AutoCAD 2007: Customize User Information (*.cui).
2- Ti o File name, chn: acad.
3- Nhn nt Open, cc mc ca trnh n v cc thanh cng c thit yu li hin ln
y .
I.1.2 Cho mt phng v chim ton b mn hnh

Lnh ny ch c trong AutoCAD 2007.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Clean Screen
Dng lnh: Ctrl+0 (s khng).
Thanh cng c:
Gii thch
Nt thanh cng c nm d-i y mn hnh.
+ Sau khi ra lnh, cc thanh cng c tm n, nh-ng ch cho mt phng cha
hnh v.
+ Lp li lnh, mn hnh tr li nh- bnh th-ng.
Hnh d-i l mn hnh ch cha hnh v.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
I.1.3 Kho cc thanh cng c ti v tr hin hnh

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Windows Lock Location All Locked
Thanh cng c:
All
Dng lnh: lockui
Gii thch
Nt thanh cng c nm d-i y mn hnh.
Bnh th-ng, cc thanh cng c c th di chuyn n v tr bt k trong mn hnh
tu ng-i s dng.
Khi b kho, cc thanh ny gi nguyn v tr, khng di chuyn -c.
M kho: chn Unlocked.
+ Khi thc hin trn dng lnh, dng nhc hin ra:
Enter new value for LOCKUI <0>: cho gi tr mi. G s.
Cc s c ngha nhsau:
0
cc thanh cng c v thanh lnh khng b kho.
1
cc thanh cng c gn vo cc mp mn hnh b kho.
2
cc thanh ca s b gn vo mp mn hnh hoc b neo s b kho.
4
cc thanh cng c ang nm lng l b kho.
8
cc ca s ang nm lng l b kho.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
I.1.4 Gn dng lnh (Command Lines) vo y mn hnh

Th-ng dng lnh -c gn d-i y mn hnh, nh-ng cng c th di chuyn n
n v tr bt k trong mn hnh tr tr-ng hp b kho (xem lnh trn).
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
Khi dng lnh ang nm trong mn hnh v, mun -a v y mn hnh, phi

thc hin kim tra nhsau:
+ Nhn phi chut vo u ca thanh dng lnh.
+ nh du chn Allow docking cho php gn vo cnh mp ca s.
+ Nhn tri chut vo u thanh lnh v di chuyn xung y mn hnh.

+ Nu b du chn, thanh ny khng th gn vo cnh mp ca s.
I.1.5 Cho n, hin vng dng lnh Command Lines

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Command Line
Dng lnh: Ctrl+9
Gii thch
Nu ang hin, ra lnh ny, vng dng lnh b n i.
ang b n, ra lnh ny, vng dng lnh -c hin li.
I.1.6 Mi ln ch lm vic vi mt bn v
Trong AutoCAD t 2000 tr i, chng ta c th lm vic vi nhiu bn v mt lc
ti cc ca s m ng thi. Ngoi mt tch cc, c mt hn ch lm cho ng-i dng
d b nhm ln. khc phc vic ny, nu cn chng ta cng c th thit lp h
thng mi ln lm vic ch m -c mt bn v duy nht.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options System
Dng lnh: sdi
Gii thch
1- Dng trnh n
Hp thoi hin ra, nh du chn nh- hnh d-i.
+ C nh du ch cho m mt bn v duy nht.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
+ Khng nh du m nhiu bn v mt lc.

2- Dng trn dng lnh
Dng nhc hin ra:
Enter new value for SDI <1>: cho gi tr SDI mi. G s 0 hoc 1.
ngha cc s nhsau:
0
cho m nhiu bn v mt lc.
1
ch cho m mt bn v duy nht.
I.2 t cc tham bin h thng

Trong AutoCAD, cc tham bin h thng th-ng t mc nh sao cho thun tin
nht cho ng-i dng. Nh-ng trong mt s tr-ng hp c ng-i t li theo s thch lm
cho ng-i khc gp kh khn khi ngi vo my . Trong phn ny chng ti gii thiu
chc nng ca cc thit lp h thng th-ng gp nh h-ng n cng vic ng-i
dng d dng thit lp li cho cng vic tin trin tt hn.
I.2.1 Cho php nhp chut p sa cc i t-ng

Cc i t-ng nh- ch - TEXT, bng biu TABLE, mt ct HATCH, khi
BLOCK, v.v..., rt cn thao tc no hin ra cc thng s v chnh sa chng mt
cch nhanh chng. Cng c l nhp p vo i t-ng - Double click editing.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options User Preferences
Dng lnh: dblclkedit
Gii thch
1- Dng trnh n
+ Khi hp thoi Options hin ra, chn mc User Preferences.
+ Ti nhm Windows Standard Behavior nhn nh du hoc b du ON trong
la chn Double click editing nh- hnh d-i.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
- C nh du:
- Khng nh du:
cho php nhy p sa i t-ng.

khng cho php nhy p sa i t-ng.
2- Dng trn dng lnh

Dng nhc hin ra:
Enter new value for DBLCLKEDIT <ON>: cho gi tr DBLCLKEDIT mi. G s 0 hoc
1, hoc g ch ON hoc OFF.
ngha cc s nhsau:
0 (OFF)
khng cho php nhy p sa i t-ng.
1 (ON)
cho php nhy p sa i t-ng.
I.2.2 Cc thit lp khi nhn phi chut vo i t-ng

Phm phi chut cng c nhng cng dng tch cc ging nh- nhy p phm
tri. Phm phi chut th-ng lin quan n Trnh n ng. Trnh n ng l cc lnh
lin quan n cc i t-ng m chng ta nhm vo lm cho thao tc c ng hn.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options User Preferences
Dng lnh: shortcutmenu
Gii thch
1- Dng trnh n
+ Khi hp thoi Options hin ra, chn mc User Preferences.
+ Ti nhm Windows Standard Behavior nhn nh du hoc b du ON trong
la chn Shortcut Menus in Drawing Area nh- hnh d-i.
- C nh du:
nhy phi chut hin trnh n ng.

Nt Right-click Customization... -c kch hot.
- Khng nh du:
nhy phi chut khng hin trnh n ng.
+ Nhn nt Right-click Customization... thit lp vic nhn phm phi chut.
Hp thoi tip theo hin ra.
Trong ny c cc nt chn cho cc nhm cng vic nhsau:
Repeat Last Command: lp li lnh va thc hin.
Shortcut Menu:
cho hin trnh n ng.
+ Nhn Apply& Close kt thc hp thoi ny.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
2- Dng trn dng lnh

Dng nhc hin ra:
Enter new value for SHORTCUTMENU <11>: cho gi tr SHORTCUTMENU mi. G
s.
ngha cc s nhsau:
0
nhy phi chut khng hin trnh n ng. Khi nhp phi chut t-ng
-ng vi phm Enter.
1
nhy phi chut hin trnh n ng.
2
nhy phi chut trnh n ng hin ra sa i t-ng.
4
nhy phi chut hin trnh n ng khi mt lnh ang thc hin. V d khi
ang v, nhp phi chut, trnh n ng hin ra chn cc ph-ng n
phc v cho lnh v .
8
nhy phi chut hin trnh n ng khi mt lnh ang thc hin ch trong
tr-ng hp trong lnh ny c cc ph-ng n la chn.
16 nhy phi chut hin trnh n ng khi ti hp thoi ni trn chn:
Shortcut Menu.
I.2.3 Tham bin Highlight

chc nng
t ch nh du (bin thnh nt t) hay khng nh du cc i t-ng khi
bm chn trong cc lnh hiu chnh. Khng c tc dng cho la chn bng grips.
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: Highlight
Nguyn Vn Thip
10 AutoCAD 2D nng cao
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
New value for HIGLIGHT <0>: Cho mt trong cc s sau:
0
i t-ng -c chn khng nh du bng nt dt.
1
i t-ng -c chn nh du bng nt dt.
I.2.4 t ch hin th ch
Trong mt s tr-ng hp, do v tnh hay c , cc dng ch khng -c hin th
y , ch hin ra khung hnh ch nht. Chng ta c th khc phc bng tham bin
qtextmode.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options Display
Dng lnh: qtextmode
Gii thch
1- Thchin trn trnh n
Show text boundary frame only

ON (c nh du ) cho hin th hnh ch nht thay cho dng ch.
OFF ch hin bnh th-ng.
Mun cho ch hin y th nhn b khng nh du.
2- Dng trn dng lnh
Dng nhc xut hin:
New value for QTEXTMODE <0>: g s. Cho mt trong cc s sau:
0
Quick Text mode off: ch hin y .
1
Quick Text mode on: dng ch thay bng hnh ch nht.
I.2.5 Selections chn i t-ng

Mc ny cho php ci t cc tham s lin quan n cc ch chn i t-ng.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options Selection
Dng lnh: ddselect
Gii thch
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao 11

Hp thoi xut hin, chn mc Selection.
Cc nt chn c tc dng sau:
Noun/Verb Selection :
(c nh du ) cho php bm vo i t-ng tr-c khi thc hin mt lnh
(cc nt vung xut hin ti cc im cht ca i t-ng). Khi ra mt lnh,
n tc ng tc th n cc i t-ng ni trn (coi nh- -c chn).
OFF khi ra mt lnh, khng c tc ng g n cc i t-ng ni trn.
ON
Use Shift to Add to Selection:

ON (c nh du ) mun chn nhiu i t-ng phi gi phm Shift.
OFF chn i t-ng nh- bnh th-ng.
Press and Drag:

Cho php chn hai im ko thnh ca s bao quanh cc i t-ng.
Implied Window:
(c nh du ) cho php chn i t-ng bng cch nhn chut v ko
thnh ca s bao ly cc i t-ng.
OFF khng nhn chut thnh ca s -c.
ON
Object Grouping:
(c nh du ) khi to ra cc nhm i t-ng bng lnh Group, nhn
chn vo mt thnh vin ca nhm th tt c cc thnh vin khc ca
nhm u -c chn.
OFF chn i t-ng nh- bnh th-ng.
ON
Assosiactive Hatch:
(c nh du ) khi chn mt ct th c cc i t-ng lm -ng bao cng
-c chn.
OFF ch chn ring phn mt ct.
ON
I.2.6 Lnh Viewres

ngha
t ch thao tc nhanh v khng ch vng gii hn i vi cc lnh ZOOM,
PAN v cho trn ca -ng trn, cung trn, elp ... khi ZOOM.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options Display
Dng lnh: viewres
Gii thch
Nguyn Vn Thip

1- Dng trn trnh n
Hp thoi xut hin, chn mc Display.
Cho gi tr vo nhp liu: Arc and circle smoothness
2- Dng trn dng lnh

Dng nhc:
Do you want fast zooms? <Y>: g y hoc n
- n: cc lnh ZOOM, PAN, theo ch Real time khng c tc dng.
- Y: cc lnh ZOOM, PAN, theo ch Real time hot ng bnh th-ng.
Enter circle zoom percent (1-20000) <500>: cho s on to thnh cung trn trong
lnh ZOOM. S cng ln th -ng trn cng mn mi khi ZOOM bt k ch
no v khu vc thc hin lnh ZOOM hoc PAN cng rng.
I.3 Cc tin t ca lnh v lnh ngoi

Trong AutoCAD, c mt s lnh thm mt s tin t s c cc ph-ng n thc
hin khc th-ng mt cht. Chng ti s gii thiu mt s lnh c tin t c th khai
thc tt hn trong mt s tr-ng hp no .
I.3.1 Hu b (Undefine) v khi phc (Redefine) tn lnh

1- Lnh Undefine
Chc nng
Hu b tn mt lnh. Khi tn mt lnh b hu b, n khng cn tc dng khi la
lnh ti mi phng thc ra lnh (trnh n, thanh cng c, bn phm.).
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: undefine
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Command name: cho tn lnh cn hu b.
Khi g xong tn lnh, t nay lnh khng cn tc dng.
2- Lnh Redefine
Nguyn Vn Thip
Chc nng
Khi phc li tn mt lnh b hu b.
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: redefine
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Command name: cho tn lnh cn cn khi phc.
Khi g xong tn lnh, t nay lnh li c tc dng.
I.3.2 Lnh bt u bng du chm (.) tr-c tn lnh

y l lnh nguyn thy ca AutoCAD.
Phm vi: Tt c cc lnh.
Trong AutoCAD cn bao hm phn mm AutoLISP lp trnh c th to ra cc
lnh mi hoc nh ngha li lnh ca AutoCAD. V d nu ai nh ngha li lnh
LINE theo ca h, hoc tn lnh b hu b bng lnh UNDEFINE, khi chng ta ra
lnh LINE, cc b-c thc hin khng phi l v on thng m l lm mt vic g
khc hoc khng th thc hin lnh. Lc gi li lnh ng chc nng ca n ta
thm du chm tr-c tn lnh k c g tt cng -c.
Tm li nu khi ra lnh m lnh khng thc hin ng cc b-c v kt qu
khc hoc lnh khng thc hin -c th dng lnh nguyn thy.
Cch ra lnh:
G t bn phm, v d .line
I.3.3 Lnh c du ' tr-c tn lnh

y l lnh xuyn sut (transparent). Lnh ny c th thc hin c lp hoc c
th -c thc hin ngay trong qu trnh ang thc hin mt lnh khc. khi thc hin
lnh ny, qu trnh thc hin lnh ch th tm ng-ng, khi kt thc lnh xuyn sut, qu
trnh thc hin lnh ch th li tip tc.
Cch ra lnh:
Thc hin c lp: tin hnh nh- bnh th-ng.
Thc hin trong qu trnh thc hin lnh khc:
G t bn phm, v d 'zoom hoc 'z hoc c th dng trnh n hoc thanh cng
c nu c.
Phm vi:
Ch c mt s lnh -c gn ch ng ny. Sau y l cc lnh xuyn sut:
'ABOUT
cho thng tin v AutoCAD.
'APERTURE
cho kch th-c vung truy bt im.
'APPLOAD gi ch-ng trnh ng dng.
'ATTDISP
cho attribute hin th hay khng.
'BASE
ly im c s khi xut hnh thnh khi hoc ra tp tin dng
chung vi phn mm khc
'BLIPMODE
cho hin du ta im hay khng.
'CAL
tr gip tnh ton.
'COLOR
nh mu cho i t-ng sp v.
'DDGRIPS hin v nh kch th-c GRIPS.
'DDPTYPE nh dng im (POINT).
Nguyn Vn Thip

'DDRMODES
lnh drawing aids.
'DDSELECT
lnh selection.
'DDUNITS
lnh Units c hin hp thoi.
'DELAY
lnh l-u nh trn mn hnh.
'DIST
lnh DIST.
'DRAGMODE
cho php hin hnh i t-ng khi ko.
'ELEV
nng cao trong khng gian 3 chiu theo trc Z.
'FILL
lnh FILL.
'FILTER
lnh FILTER.
'GRAPHSCR
t-ng -ng F2.
'GRID
lnh GRID.
'HELP
F1.
'ID
lnh ID.
'ISOPLANE
nhn hnh chiu trc o trong khng gian 3 chiu.
'LAYER
lnh LAYER
'LIMITS
lnh LIMITS
'LINETYPE lnh LINETYPE.
'LTSCALE
lnh LTSCALE.
'MATCHPROP lnh MATCHPROP.
'ORTHO
F8
'OSNAP
lnh OSNAP
'PAN
lnh PAN.
'QTEXT
cho php hin hnh ch nht thay cho dng ch.
'REDRAW
lnh REDRAW
'REGENAUTO cho ch t ng khi to bn v.
'RESUME
kt thc chy tp tin p bn.
'SCRIPT
chy tp tin p bn.
'SETVAR
cho gi tr bin h thng.
'SNAP
F9
'SPELL
kim tra chnh t (ting Anh).
'STATUS
hin thi trng thi bn v.
'STYLE
lnh STYLE
'TEXTSCR F2
'TIME
hin trng thi thi gian thc hin bn v.
'TREESTAT
Displays information about the drawing's current spatial
'UNITS
lnh UNITS khng hin hp thoi.
'VIEW
lnh VIEW.
'ZOOM
lnh ZOOM.
I.3.4 Lnh ngoi - External commands

Lnh ngoi l cc lnh -c to thm bng cc tp ch-ng trnh AutoLISP hoc
ARX (lp bng C hoc C++). Nu cc ch-ng trnh ny khng -c gi ra th lnh
khng c tc dng.
Mt s lnh ngoi thng dng:
- PROPERTIES:
c tnh ca i t-ng.
- MATCHPROP:
thay i mt lot cc i t-ng theo i t-ng mu.
- RECTANG:
v hnh ch nht.
- MTEXT:
ghi ch thnh tng khi.
..........
Nguyn Vn Thip

Cn nhiu cc lnh khc na.
Qua y chng ta cng thy s l-ng lnh ngoi chim mt phn khng nh
trong cc cng c ca AutoCAD.
Thit lp lin quan n lnh ngoi
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Tools Options Open and Save
Dng lnh: demandload
Gii thch
A- Dng trn trnh n
Hp thoi xut hin, chn mc Open and Save.
Trong nhm ObjectARX Applications, nhn nt
hnh d-i.
0-
123-
, chn cc ph-ng n nh-
Cc la chn c cng dng sau:

Disable Load on Demand: khng gi cc lnh ngoi. Cc lnh ngoi khng c tc
dng. Nu khi ra lnh, thy xut hin dng nhc:
properties Unknown command "PROPERTIES". Press F1 for help.
- Ti v d ny, chng ta ra lnh "PROPERTIES", dng nhc cho bit l khng
hiu lnh , lnh khng -c thc hin.
- Nh- vy lnh ny chnh l lnh ngoi.
Custom Object Detect: ch gi lnh ngoi no khi m bn v ra c i t-ng
dng lnh ngoi . Khng thc hin -c lnh "APPLOAD" gi cc ch-ng trnh
cha hm ngoi vo.
Command Invoke: cho gi ch-ng trnh ngun cha lnh ngoi khi mt trong cc
lnh ngoi -c s dng.
Object Detect and Command Invoke: kt hp c hai tr-ng hp 1 v 2, cc lnh
ngoi lun lun sn sng s dng.
B- dng trn dng lnh

Dng nhc xut hin:
Enter new value for DEMANDLOAD <1>: g mt trong cc s sau: 0,1, 2,3. Cc gi
tr ny c ngha nh- s th t cc la chn ti mc A.
I.4 Khi bn v l b xa hoc khng m -c

Trong phn ny chng ti gii thiu cch khi phc li tp bn v b xo hoc b
hng, hoc t mt khu bo v nh-ng qun mt, khng m -c bn v.
Nguyn Vn Thip
I.4.1 Dng tp tin *.sv$

y l tp tin l-u tr t ng, cng l bn sao ca tp tin *.dwg. Tp tin ny
th-ng -c l-u tr ti thmc:
C:\DOCUMENT AND SETTINGS\cad-cam\LOCALSETTING\Temp\
cad-cam: tn Acound.
Tn bn v km theo k hiu: banve1_1_1_6500.sv$ ..
Chng ta i tn tp ny thnh tp *.dwg l c th dng nh- mt bn v bnh
th-ng.
Dng lnh trn trnh n Tools Options, hp thoi xut hin.
A- Tm ni l-u tr
1- Nhn chn mc Files.
2- Nhn du + ti dng Automatic Save File Location, -ng dn v tn thmc hin ra.
B- Thit lp ch l-u tr t ng
Nhn chn mc Open and Save.
1- Ti nhm File Safety Precautions cc tp d phng an ton, nhn ON cho
la chn Automatic save.
2- Ti Minutes between saves cho s pht (sau bao nhiu pht l-u tr mt ln).
C- i tn tp
Dng NC i tn tp. Ch yu l i phn m rng thnh *.dwg.
I.4.2 Dng tp tin *. bak khi phc

Tp tin d phng (backup file). Tp tin ny -c sinh ra khi dng lnh Save,
cc i t-ng mi v thm -c l-u tr vo bn *.dwg, v mt bn sao ca *.dwg kt
Nguyn Vn Thip

qu ln l-u tr (Save) cui cng -c ghi vo bn *.bak cng tn. V d nu ta c tp
tin thietke1.dwg th cng s c mt bn thietke1.bak.
Cng dng: Thay th bn chnh khi cn thit. V d trong cc tr-ng hp bn
chnh b xa mt hoc li khng khi phc -c, ch cn dng lnh i tn (RENAME)
ca h iu hnh thay *.bak thnh *.dwg l c th dng nh- mt bn v bnh th-ng.
1- Thit lp tp d phng
+ Ti hp thoi Options, chn mc Open and Save.
+ Ti nhm File Safety Precautions cc tp d phng an ton, nhn ON cho la
chn Create backup copy with each save (to tp tin d phng sau mi ln l-u
tr)
2- i tn tp
Dng NC i tn tp. Ch yu l i phn m rng thnh *.dwg.
I.4.3 Lnh Recover

Chc nng
Dng khi phc d liu cho nhng bn v khi dng lnh OPEN khng m
-c. Nguyn nhn c th mt s d liu b mt hoc khng ng b.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: File Drawing Utilities Recover
Dng lnh: recover
Gii thch
Hp thoi ging nh- lnh OPEN xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip
Chn tp tin cn khi phc, nhn Open.

Qu trnh khi phc mt mt thi gian. Nu thnh cng, bn v s -c m.
Trong mt s tr-ng hp, mt s i t-ng c th b sai lch.
I.4.4 t mt khu cho bn v

Dng lnh
Trnh n: File Tools Options Open and Save
Gii thch
Hp thoi xut hin, nhn chn mc Open and Save.
1- t mt khu
Nhn nt
Nguyn Vn Thip
. Hp thoi tip theo xut hin.

Password or phrase to openthis drawing: cho mt khu khi m bn v.
Encrypt drawing properties: ON m ho d liu, nu m -c, d liu cng
khng c -c.
Nhn OK, kt thc hp thoi.
Hp thoi tip theo khng nh mt khu.
Nhn OK kt thc cng on ny.

Nhn OK kt thc lnh.
2- M bn v
Khi m bn v, hp thoi nhp mt khu hin ra.
G mt khu vo nhp liu.
Nhn OK.
Nu mt khu khng ng khng m -c bn v.
3- Hu mt khu
Khi m -c bn v, mun xo mt khu, dng li lnh t mt khu. Hp
thoi hin ra.
Xo mt khu t. Nhn OK.

Hp thoi tip theo khng nh xo hin ra (hhp thoi bn phi).
Nhn OK. Mt khu b xo.
Nu b qun mt khu bn s khng m -c bn v, do khng nn t
mt khu.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Ch-ng 2
K nng v v hiu chnh nhanh

II.1 Chn i t-ng
Trong phn c bn chng ta c cc ph-ng n la chn i t-ng, nh-ng
cng ch-a ht cc ph-ng n tng tc lm vic. Trong phn ny chng ti cung
cp thm cc ph-ng thc chn i t-ng mi vi qui m chuyn su hn.
II.1.1 Lnh Filter

cng dng
Gom cc i t-ng c nhng tham s trng vi tiu chun ra thnh mt nhm
phc v cho cc cng vic hiu chnh c lin quan n chng sau ny.
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: filter <fi hoc 'fi>
Gii thch
Hp thoi xut hin:
+ Nhm Select Filter - chn cc tiu chun lc

Dng chut nhn nt , danh sch mt lot cc i t-ng km theo cc tham s
xung ng-i dng chn.
Nguyn Vn Thip

i vi cc i t-ng c cc tham s km theo l to im v d tm -ng
trn, cung trn, v.v..., cc nhp liu X, Y, Z hin r ng-i dng cho gi tr khng
ch. Nt ngay cnh cho php chn cc ph-ng n >=, =, != v.v....
i vi cc i t-ng c cc tham s km theo l gi tr bng s v d bn knh
-ng trn, cung trn, v.v..., ch c nhp liu X hin r ng-i dng cho gi tr
khng ch.
Nt Substitute dng -a tn i t-ng v cc tham s lc (Filter) ca cc i

t-ng ln vng Object Selection Filter.
Nt Add to List cho ghi tip danh sch cc i t-ng vo b lc.
Nt Add Selected Object < -a tn v cc tham s ca i t-ng -c chn
vo danh sch tham s ca b lc.
+ Nhm Named Filters - t tn cc b lc
Ti nhp liu Save as cho tn ca b lc, t mt cI tn.
Nt Edit Item
cho php sa cc tham s tiu chun lc.
Nt Delete
xo mt vi tham s tiu chun.
Nt Clear List xo ton b tham s tiu chun.
Nt Delete filter list xo tn b lc khi danh sch.
Nt Apply
ra ngoI hp thoi chn cc i t-ng c tiu chun trn.
Nhng i t-ng no cng tiu chun v -c chn s -c gom vo nhm c tn t
ti Save as.
p dng
V d, trong bn v ca chng ta c 5 -ng trn c bn knh l 35, mt s on
thng thuc lp truc. Chng ta mun nhm thnh cc nhm c tn l c1 v ltruc.
A- Cch to b lc
1- Ra lnh Filter.
2- Nhn nt Add Selected Object cho tn v cc tham s vo danh sch
tiu chun. Ti bn v, chn vo -ng trn c bn knh l 35.
3- Ti hp thoi chn dng circle Center x =..., y = ..., z = ... v nhn nt
delete xo tiu chun ny i (nu tiu chun ny th trong bn v ch c
mt -ng trn duy nht).
1- Ti Save as g tn c1. Tn ny tn ti mi trong AutoCAD, ngay c i vi
bn v hon ton khc, ch khi no dng nt Delete filter list, tn ny mi b
xo.
Nguyn Vn Thip

2- Nhn nt Apply quay ra chn cc -ng trn c cng tiu chun. Nu
chn tng i t-ng mt th ch c -ng trn no -c chn -c -a vo
b lc. Nu g all th tt c 5 -ng trn -c -a vo b lc c1.
i vi on thng cng lm cc b-c nhtrn v phI xo cc tiu chun v
im u, im cui ca on thng.
B- S dng b lc trong cc lnh hiu chnh
Khi c mt s tn b lc, cc b-c tip theo s dng chng nhsau:

1234-
Ra lnh filter.
Ti hp thoi Filter, ti Current chn tn c1.
Nhn nt Apply.
Ti dng nhc Select Object: g all, tt c nhng -ng trn thuc b lc c1
-c chn.
5- Ra lnh hiu chnh.
6- Ti dng nhc Select Object: g p, tt c nhng -ng trn thuc b lc c1
-c chn. Cng vic tip theo tin hnh theo cc b-c ca lnh hiu chnh.
II.1.2 Lnh Group

cng dng
Gom cc i t-ng thnh mt nhm dng cho cc cng vic hiu chnh c lin
quan n chng.
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: group <g>
Gii thch
C 2 tr-ng hp khi dng Group.
1- Bt u to mt nhm
Hp thoi xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip

cho tn nhm.
cho mt dng m t ni dung nhm ny gm nhng i t-ng no
hoc thuc chi tit no v.v...
Nhn nt New chn i t-ng cho nhm va t tn. Dng nhc xut hin:
GROUP Select objects for grouping:
Select objects: chn i t-ng.
Sau khi chn xong cc i t-ng, quay li hp thoi v nhn OK.
Selectatble - ON cho php trong cc lnh khi chn i t-ng, ch cn nhn vo
mt thnh vin ca nhm th tt c cc thnh vin u b chn.
- OFF cc thnh vin khng l thuc vi nhau.
Group Name:
Description:
2- Thay i tham s ca cc nhm c

Hp thoi nhsau:
Nt Highlight
Nt Find name
cho hin cc thnh vin ca nhm.

tm tn nhm khi dng con tr nhn vo mt thnh vin
ca nhm.
Dng con tr nh du tn nhm cn thay i.
Remove loi mt s thnh vin (i t-ng) ra khi nhm. Hp thoi tm n, cc
thnh vin ca nhm -c hin ln, dng nhc xut hin chn i t-ng
cn loi ra:
GROUP Select objects to remove:
Remove objects: chn i t-ng cn loi. Quay tr li hp thoi.
Add
thm thnh vin vo nhm. Thao tc v dng nhc t-ng t nh- Remove.
Rename i tn nhm. t con tr vo Name, g tn mi nhn Rename.
Explode lm tan r nhm (hu vic to nhm).
Selectable t "yes hoc "no cho ch chn i t-ng theo nhm. Nu nhm no
t "yes khi chn i t-ng -c php dng tn nhm, hoc chn mt
thnh vin thuc nhm th tt c cc thnh vin khc u -c chn.
Nguyn Vn Thip

Ng-c li, ch ny b hu b, nhm khng cn tc dng nh-ng khng b
ph hu.
p dng
Gi nh trong bn v to ra cc nhm c tn obi1 gm cc i t-ng l bi
(nhng i t-ng nm bn trong hnh ch nht t m ca d-i).
Khi dng cc lnh hiu chnh (Modify) nh- Copy ..., ti dng nhc:
COPY
Select objects: g (g ch g (lnh Group)).
Enter group name: obi1 (cho tn nhm).
66 found
Cc thnh vin ca nhm -c chn nh- hnh d-i.

Sau cc cng vic tip theo ca lnh.
Select objects:
<Base point or displacement>/Multiple:
...
Nguyn Vn Thip
II.1.3 Lnh SSX

Chc nng ny -c xy dng bng file SSX.LSP.
cng dng
Dng chn gom tt c cc i t-ng c cng c tnh v tham s nh- i
t-ng -c chn trc tip trn mn hnh.
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: ssx
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select object/<None>: dng chut chn i t-ng mu.
Trn mn hnh xut hin dng nhc:
Filter: ((0 . "LINE") (8 . "DTRUC") (210 0.0 0.0 1.0))
>>Block name/Color/Entity/Flag/LAyer/LType/Pick/Style/Thickness/Vector:
cng dng ca dng th nht l i t-ng mu -c chn c cc tham s l:
- Loi -ng: LINE (on thng).
- Lp: DTRUC.
Dng nhc th hai cho php chn thm cc tiu ch la chn bng cch g cc
ch ci vit hoa. Nu khng thm tiu ch g, ti y g ENTER kt thc lnh. Dng
thng bo xut hin:
43 found. ngha l c 43 i t-ng (trong v d ny) c cc tham s nhtrn
-c chn.
p dng
1- t tiu ch chn i t-ng v lnh hiu chnh chng.
2- Ra lnh SSX theo tiu ch nh.
3- Ra lnh hiu chnh. Ti dng nhc:
Select object: g P.
Kt qu l cc i t-ng -c chn l cc i t-ng chn ti SSX.
Lnh ny gn ging vi cc lnh GROUP v FILTER, nh-ng d dng v c ng
hn.
II.1.4 Lnh Get Selection Set (GETSEL.LSP)

cng dng
Chn tp hp cc i t-ng theo lp kt hp vi kiu i t-ng.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Express Selection Tools Get Selection Set
Dng lnh: getsel
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select an object on the Source layer <*>: chn mt i t-ng trn mt lp (layer)
nh hoc g ENTER chn tt c cc lp.
Select an object of the Type you want <*>: chn mt i t-ng thuc loi nh
hoc g ENETER chn tt c cc i t-ng.
Nguyn Vn Thip

Ch ny chng ti phi gii thch c th hn mt cht.
Tr-c ht chng ta nh ra mc tiu cng vic l lm g vi cc i t-ng no.
V d: Trong bn v c lp MBHTRANG, cc i t-ng thuc lp c mu
khng theo lp. Vic hin nay l chuyn mu tt c cc i t-ng l on thng (LINE)
ca lp ny thnh BYLAYER (mu theo lp).
Ti dng nhc th nht chng ta chn mt i t-ng bt k m chng ta bit
chc n thuc lp MBHTRANG. Nh- vy tt c cc i t-ng thuc lp MBHTRANG l
mc tiu s chn.
Ti dng nhc th 2 chng ta chn mt i t-ng l on thng (LINE), c th n
thuc bt k lp no.
Kt qu l tt c cc on thng (LINE) thuc lp MBHTRANG -c -a vo
danh sch chn.
Nh- vy s c cc t hp ph-ng n xy ra khi chn:
1- Tt c cc i t-ng l LINE (hoc CIRCLE, ARC, PLINE v.v...ty thuc vo
vic chn ti dng nhc th 2) ca tt c cc lp -c chn.
2- Tt c cc i t-ng l LINE (hoc CIRCLE, ARC, PLINE v.v... ty thuc vo
vic chn ti dng nhc th 2) ca mt lp c th no -c chn ty thuc vo vic
chn ti dng nhc th 1.
3- Tt c cc i t-ng trong bn v -c chn nu ti c 2 dng nhc ta u g
ENTER.
p dng:
1- t tiu ch chn i t-ng v lnh hiu chnh chng.
2- Ra lnh Get Selection Set theo tiu ch nh.
3- Ra lnh hiu chnh. Ti dng nhc:
Select object: g P. Kt qu l cc i t-ng -c chn l cc i t-ng chn
ti Get Selection Set.
Lnh ny gn ging vi cc lnh SSX, GROUP v FILTER, nh-ng phm vi c
khc mt cht. Do ty theo ng cnh p dng.
II.1.5 Lnh Fast Select (fastsel.lsp)

cng dng
Chn i t-ng theo kiu dt dy.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Express Selection Tools Fast Select
Dng lnh: FS
Gii thch
Cc ph-ng n chn ph thuc vo bin hn thng Fsmode. y l bin s
-c cho bi lnh Fsmode.
Gi tr ny c ngha sau:
OFF: ch chn cc i t-ng lin quan trc tip n i t-ng -c ch nh.
ON: chn tt c cc i t-ng c lin quan n nhau theokiu dt dy bt u t
i t-ng -c ch nh.
Nh- vy, chc chn, chng ta phi s dng lnh Fsmode tr-c t gi tr
sau mi dng fs
1- Lnh fmode
Nguyn Vn Thip

Dng lnh: fsmode
Dng nhc xut hin:
FASTSEL chain selection <ON>: g ON hoc OFF.
2- Lnh FS
Dng nhc xut hin:
Use 'FSMODE to control chain selection.
FSMODE = OFF
Select touching object: chn i t-ng. Sau khi chn i t-ng, cc i t-ng lin
quan -c chn t ng.
Hnh d-i minh ho s khc nhau gia cc gia str ca bin s FSMODE.
II.2 ATTRIBUTE
ATTRIBUTE l cc tham bin hnh thc cha cc dng ch ca mt khi. Khi
chn khi vo bn v mi nhp ni dung tht s ca cc dng ch ny. Cc dng ch
trong mt khi c ni dung thay i mi ln chn khi vo bn v -c Hng AutoDesk
gi l ATTRIBUTE . T ny kh tm -c t ting Vit nn trnh phI giI thch di
dng, chng tI dng nguyn th ting Anh.
II.2.1 Lnh attdef

cng dng
nh ngha Attribute.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Draw Blocks Define Attributes.
Dng lnh: ddattdef
Gii thch
Nguyn Vn Thip

Hp thoi xut hin:
Nhm Mode gm cc la chn sau:

Invisible khng cho hin dng ch (attribute) khi chn khi.
La chn ny b ph nh bi lnh ATTDISP. C th nhsau:
Khi ra lnh ATTDISP dng nhc xut hin:
Normal/ON/OFF <ON>:
- n cho tham s khng c la chn Invisible hin th trong khi, cn tham
s c Invisible khng -c hin th.
- ON
cho hin th tt c cc Attribute.
- OFF
khng cho hin th tt c cc Attribute.
Constant
gi tr mc nh l bt bin (khng thay i khi chn khi).
Verify
cho php kim tra li ln cui dng ch g vo tr-c khi kt
thc lnh Insert.
Preset
cho ly gi tr mc nh ca Attribute khi chn khi. S khc
nhau gia la chn Constant v Preset l: Preset cho php
thay i Attribute khi sa cha, cn Constant th khng.
Nhm Attributes gm nhp s liu:

Tag
tn tham bin cha dng ch.
Prompt
dng nhc s hin ra d-i y mn hnh hoc trong hp thoi khi
chn khi, ch cho ng-i dng bit cn nhp ni dung cho tham bin no.
Value
gi tr mc nh ca tham bin (dng ch).
Nhm Text Option gm nhp s liu:

Cn chnh ch.
Chn kiu ch. Cc kiu ch ny -c xy dng tr-c bng
lnh TextStyle.
Hight
Cho chiu cao ch. C th cho bng s hoc nhn nt ny
cho bng cch nhn 2 Im trn mn hnh (xem phn nhp
khong cch trong tI liu ny).
Rotation
Cho gc nghing ca dng. Cch nhp s liu cng ging nhtrn.
Nhn OK, tr ra mn hnh v, dng nhc xut hin:
Justification
Text Style
Nguyn Vn Thip

Specify start point: cho im t dng ch.
Kt thc vic to mt i t-ng.
p dng
y l mt thnh vin ca khi (block), do n phI -c to thnh khi v
nn dng trong tr-ng hp mi ln chn khi, cc dng ch c ni dung khc nhau. V
d nh- khung tn cho mt lot cc bn v, cc k hiu ct mc v.v...
Cc b-c tin hnh nhsau:
1- V cc i t-ng c nh to nn thnh vin ca khi k c cc dng ch
khng thay i ni dung.
2- Dng lnh ATTDEF to cc dng ch bin i ti cc v tr nh sn.
3- Dng lnh BLOCK to khi.
4- Chn khi vo bn v. Khi chn khi, g cc ni dung cn thit theo cc dng
nhc. V d khi to khi l khung tn, c xut hin dng nhc:
.......
Enter attribute values
Cho tn bn v <Bn v lp>: g tn Bn v tng th.
Kt qu l ti v tr tn bn v trong khi khung tn -c In dng "Bn v tng
th".
Bin h thng lin quan n vic chn khi c Attribute - ATTDIA

Bnh th-ng, bin ATTDIA nhn gi tr mc nh l 0, ngha l khi chn khi c
attribute vo bn v, cc dng nhc nhp ni dung hin ti dng Command nh- ni
trn. Nu tr-c khi chn khi, dng lnh:
Command: attdia
Dng nhc xut hin:
New value for ATTDIA <0>: g s 1, th cc ni dung -c nhp vo bng hp thoi

nh- hnh d-i:
II.2.2 Lnh sa cha cc Attribute

Sau khi to ra Attribute, nu thy khng va c th chnh sa bng cc ph-ng
php sau:
1- Dng lnh TEXT EDIT
Nguyn Vn Thip

y l lnh s- ch thng th-ng p dng cho Attribute.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Object Text Edit
Dng lnh: ddedit (ed)
Gii thch
Dng nhc nh- dng nhc thng th-ng:
<Select an annotation object>/Undo: chn i t-ng l mt Attribute.
Hp thoi xut hin sa:
2- Dng lnh Modify Properties

y l lnh s- thuc tnh i t-ng thng th-ng p dng cho Attribute.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Properties
Dng lnh: ch
Gii thch
Hp thoi hin ra. Chn mt i t-ng l mt Attribute duy nht v g ENTER.
Hp thoi nhsau:
Chn vo cc gi tr cn thit sa.
II.2.3 S dng Attribute

Sau khi to -c Attribute, mun s dng -c, chng ta phi -a n vo
thnh khi Block v chn vo bn v.
1- To khi
Nguyn Vn Thip

Dng lnh Block hoc Wblock (xut khi thnh bn v ring) to khi.
2- Chn khi vo bn v
Cc thng s v ph-ng n nh- chn khi thng th-ng.
Tip theo cho cc gi tr ca Attribute bng hp thoi hoc trn dng lnh.
Hnh d-i minh ho hp thoi nhp gi tr.
II.2.3.1 Sa cha ni dung Attribute chn vo bn v

Dng lnh:
Trnh n: Modify Attributes Single
Dng lnh: attedit
gii thch:
Dng nhc:
Select block: chn khi c dng ch cn thay i.
Hp thoi xut hin.
1- Mc Attribute sa gi tr
-a con tr n tham bin cn sa.
Value: gi tr cn thay i. G gi tr mi.
Nguyn Vn Thip

2- Mc Text Options chn thng s cho ch
Ti y cho cc la chn mi v ch ghi gi tr (ni dung). Hp thoi nh- hnh
d-i.
3- Mc Properties chn dawcj tnh ca i t-ng

Hp thoi nh- hnh d-i. chn cc thng s cnd thay i.
Nhn OK kt thc lnh.
II.2.4 Sa cha tng th mt khi chn vo bn v

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Attributes global
gii thch
Dng nhc:
Edit attributes one at a time? <Y> C sa tt c cc attribute hay khng? Ti y
c hai trr-ng hp: Y (Yes) - c.
N (No) - khng.
A- Khi g Y
Nguyn Vn Thip

Dng nhc tip theo:
1- Block name specification <*>: cho tn khi hoc g ENTER. Nu cho tn
khi th ch -c thay i cc attribute ca khi . G ENTER, ngha l c
quyn chn thay i attribute ca bt k khi no.
2- Attribute tag specification <*>: cho tn tham bin (tn bin cha ni dung
dng ch) hoc g ENTER. Nu cho tn tham bin th ch -c thay i
thuc tnh ca cc th hin ca tham bin . G ENTER, ngha l c
quyn chn thay i cc th hin ca bt k tham bin no.
3- Attribute value specification <*>: cho gi tr ca tham bin (ni dung dng
ch) cn thay i hoc g ENTER. Nu cho gi tr ca tham bin th ch
-c thay i thuc tnh ca cc th hin ca tham bin c ni dung -c
g vo. G ENTER, ngha l c quyn chn thay i bt k th hin no
ca tham bin.
n y c th tm dng mt cht chng tI giI thch r rng hn.
Gi d chng ta to -c 2 khi: KT (khung tn) v MGIOI (mc gii).
Trong khi KT c cc tham bin TKE (cha tn ng-i thit k), DUYET (cha tn
ng-i duyt). Khi KT -c chn vo bn v 2 ln. Ln 1 tn ng-i thit k l Nguyn
Vn Trung (TKE = "Nguyn Vn Trung"), ln 2 TKE = "Phm Ngc Nam". C 2 ln
DUYET = "inh Cng Thnh".
Trong khi MGIOI c cc tham bin X, Y, Z. Khi MGIOI -c chn vo bn v n
ln, mi ln X, Y, Z nhn mt gi tr khc nhau.
Nu ti b-c 1 ta g kt (tn khi):
Block name specification <*>: kt
Ch c cc gi tr ca cc tham bin TKE v DUYET -c chn sa i.
Ti b-c 2, nu g tke:
Attribute tag specification <*>: tke
Ch c cc dng Nguyn Vn Trung hoc Phm Ngc Nam -c chn sa
i.
Ti dng nhc:
Select Attributes: ch -c chn vo 2 dng ni trn, nu chn dng khc s
khhng -c chp nhn.
Ti b-c 3, nu g Nguyn Vn Trung
Attribute value specification <*>: Nguyn Vn Trung
Th ch c dng Nguyn Vn Trung -c chn sa i.
Ti dng nhc:
Select Attributes: ch -c chn vo dng Nguyn Vn Trung, nu chn dng
khc s khng -c chp nhn.
Nu ti c 3 b-c u g ENTER, th tt c cc ni dung ca mi khi, mi
tham bin u c th -c chn sa i. Ph-ng n ny -c coi l thun
tin v d dng nht.
Ti dng nhc:
Select Attributes: ch vic nhn chut vo dng ch no cn s i.
Select Attributes: Tip tc chn hoc g ENTER kt thc chn.
Dng nhc tip theo cho c 2 ph-ng n ni trn:
1 attributes selected.
Value/Position/Height/Angle/Style/Layer/Color/Next <N>: g mt trong cc
ch ci chn mc tiu cn sa i.
Nguyn Vn Thip

V (Value) thay i gi tr, dng nhc tip theo ca ph-ng n ny:
Enter type of value modification [Change/Replace] <R>: g C hoc R.
R (Replace) Ghi ln gi tr -c chn. Theo ph-ng n ny, ton b
dng thay bng dng mi.Dng nhc tip theo:
Enter new attribute value: cho gi tr mi.
C (Change) Sa i ni dung. Theo ph-ng n ny c th sa mt vi t
ca dng ch.
Enter string to change: g nhng ch ca dng c cn thay i.
Enter new string: g ch mi thay th. Nu ti dng nhc trn ta g ENTER
(khng cho ch cn thay th), ti dng nhc ny ta g mt s ch ci th
cc ch ny -c thm vo pha tr-c ca dng c.
P (Position) Thay i v tr ca dng ch trong khi. Lc ny dng ch -c
gn vi con tr, ta c th -a dn v tr mi v nhn phm tri chut.
H (Height) Thay i chiu cao ch.
New height <2.5000>: 5 cho chiu cao ch.
A (Angle)
Thay i gc nghing ca dng ch.
New rotation angle <0>: 45 cho gc nghing ca dng.
C (Color)
Thay i mu ca dng ch.
New color <BYLAYER>: red cho s hiu mu.
S (Style)
Thay i kiu ch.
New style or press ENTER for no change: cho tn kiu ch cn thay i.
L (Layer)
Thay i lp ca dng ch.
New layer <DAM-VUA>: 0 cho tn lp cn chuyn n.
B- Khi g N
Edit attributes one at a time? <Y> n
Dng nhc tip theo:
Global edit of attribute values.
Edit only attributes visible on screen? <Y> ch sa gi tr ca nhng attribute
nhn thy trn mn hnh.
Y - ng .
N - khng.
Tr-ng hp g Y:
Ba dng nhc tip theo -c gii thch nh- phn trn 1,2,3.
Block name specification <*>:
Attribute tag specification <*>:
Attribute value specification <*>:
Dng nhc cho chn attribute:
Select Attributes: dng con tr nhn vo cc attribute cn sa.
Select Attributes: ....
Select Attributes: g ENTER kt thc chn.
2 attributes selected.
String to change: g cc ch cn sa. V d: Vn.
New string: g ch thay th. V d: Trung.
Nguyn Vn Thip

Kt qu ti cc dng ch (attribute) chn ny c ch Vn u b thay bng
ch Trung.
Tr-ng hp g N:
Edit only attributes visible on screen? <Y> n
Ba dng nhc tip theo -c gi thch nh- phn trn 1,2,3.
Drawing must be regenerated afterwards.
Block name specification <*>:
Attribute tag specification <*>:
Attribute value specification <*>:
String to change: g ch cn sa. V d ch Hng.
New string: g ch thay th. V d ch Dng.
Kt qu trong tt c cc ch Hng trong tt c cc attribute b thay bng ch
Dng.
Ch :
i vi Attribute, cn mt s lnh hu ch chng ti gii thiu ti phn
EXPRESS.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Ch-ng 3
Cc cng c tng c-ng

Phn ny b sung thm mt s cng dng rt thun tin cho vic thit k.
Th-ng khi ci t AutoCAD, cc cng dng ny -c -a vo mt cch t
ng.
Cc cng dng ny -c xy dng bng cc file LSP hoc ARX. Tn cc tp tin
chng tI ghi km theo ngay sau tn lnh. Ngoi nhng cng dng -c hin th
trn trnh n, chng ti cn -a thm mt s cng dng m chng ti thy hu ch
-c gi t cc tp tin (FILE) *.LSP hoc *.ARX. Cch s dng -c trnh by r rng
c th.
III.1 Cc thao tc vi lp Layer

Cc cng c nng cao thao tc vi cc lp -c b tr ti cc mc trnh n
(Menu) nhsau:
AutoCAD 2007:
Format Layer Tools.
AutoCAD 2000 n 2005:
Express Layers.
c cng c Express, trong khi ci t AutoCAD, chng ta phI ci thm phn
ny.
Trong phn gii thiu c th ca lnh, chng tI ch -a ra tn lnh cn -ng
dn n lnh t trnh n theo tng phin bn ni trn.
III.1.1 -a lp ca i t-ng -c chn lm lp hin hnh

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Make Objects Layer Current
Dng lnh: Laymcur
Thanh cng c: Layers
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select object whose layer will become current: chn i t-ng c lp cn -a ln.
Lighting is now the current layer.
Kt qu lp cha i t-ng chn l lp hin hnh.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
37
III.1.2 Xem cc i t-ng theo lp

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Walk
Dng lnh: laywalk
Gii thch
Hp thoi hin ra:
Ti y c 2 cch xem cc i t-ng ca mt lp.

1- Nhn nt
, chn i t-ng. Dng nhc:
Select objects: chn i t-ng. Lp ca i t-ng -c chn s -c bt cn
cc lp khc b tt.
2- nh du (bi en) cc lp cn bt trong danh sch. Lp khng bi en b tt.
III.1.3 -a cc lp v trng thi tr-c

Nu mt s lp b tt, b kho v.v..., dng lnh ny -a v trng thi nh- tr-c
khi b kho hoc b tt.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Previous
Dng lnh: LayerP
Thanh cng c: Layers
Gii thch
Cc lp lp tc -c tr li trng thi ban u.
Nguyn Vn Thip
III.1.4 Chuyn cc i t-ng sang lp ca i t-ng -c chn

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Match
Dng lnh: laymch
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select objects: chn i t-ng cn i lp.
Select object on destination layer or [Name]: chn mt i t-ng thuc lp cn
chuyn n hoc g N cho tn lp chuyn n.
+ Tr-ng hp g N, hp thoi hin ra:
Chn lp ti danh sch bn d-i, nhn OK kt thc lnh.
III.1.5 Chuyn cc i t-ng -c chn sang lp hin hnh

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Change to Current layer
Dng lnh: laycur
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select objects to be changed to the current layer: chn i t-ng cn chuyn.
Cc i t-ng -c chuyn n lp hin hnh.
III.1.6 Copy i t-ng v chuyn n lp mi

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Copy Obiiect to New Current layer
Dng lnh: copytolayer
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
39
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select objects to be changed to the current layer: chn i t-ng cn chuyn.
Cc i t-ng -c chuyn n lp hin hnh.
Select objects to copy: chn i t-ng.
Select object on destination layer or [Name] <Name>:chn mt i t-ng thuc lp
cn chuyn n hoc g N cho tn lp chuyn n.
+ Tr-ng hp g N, hp thoi hin ra:
Chn lp ti danh sch bn d-i, nhn OK kt thc b-c ny.

Specify base point or [Displacement/eXit] <eXit>: cho im gc.
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: cho
im ch.
Bn sao ca i t-ng gc -c chuyn n lp chn.
III.1.7 Lm ng cng tt c cc lp, tr lp ca i t-ng -c

chn (-c c lp)
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Isolate
Dng lnh: layiso
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Current setting: Viewports=Vpfreeze
Select objects on the layer(s) to be isolated or [Settings]: chn i t-ng thuc lp
cn c lp (isolated).
Kt thc chn i t-ng, cc lp khng cha cc i t-ng chn b ng cng.
Trong AutoCAD 2007 c thm la chn Settings.
Nhn ch S thit lp thm iu kin. Dng nhc ca ph-ng n ny:
Nguyn Vn Thip

In paper space viewport use [Vpfreeze/Off] <Vpfreeze>: G mt trong cc ch cI
i din cho cc la chn:
V - trong khng gian giy v (Paperspace) ch lm ng cng ti khung nhn
hin hnh, khung nhn khc khng b nh h-ng. Hnh d-i minh hoph-ng
n ny.
O - tt c cc lp khng cha i t-ng -c chn b tt (OFF) c khng gian

m hnh v khng gian giy v.
III.1.8 Lm ng cng lp ca i t-ng -c chn

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer freeze
Dng lnh: layfrz
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
1- AutoCAD 2007
Current settings: Viewports=Vpfreeze, Block nesting level=Block
Select an object on the layer to be frozen or [Settings/Undo]: chn i t-ng
thuc lp cn lm ng cng.
Select an object on the layer to be frozen or [Settings/Undo]: tip tc chn hoc
g ENTER kt thc lnh.
Tr-ng hp g S Settings:
Dng nhc tip theo:
Enter setting type for [Viewports/Block selection]: G mt trong cc ch cI i
din cho cc la chn:
V Viewports, hin cc la chn cho khung nhn ti khng gian giy v.
In paper space viewport use [Freeze/Vpfreeze] <Vpfreeze>: g ch
ci la chn.
-f
lm ng cng lp ca tt c cc khung nhn.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
41
- v ch lm ng cng lp ti khung nhn hin hnh.

B Block, hin cc la chn cho khi:
Enter Block Selection nesting level [Block/Entity/None] <Block>:
b - nu i t-ng -c chn l thnh vin ca khi th lp cha khi b
ng cng.
e - ch lm ng cng lp ca i t-ng -c chn
n - nu khi hoc xref -c chn th lp cha chng b ng cng.
2- AutoCAD 2005
Select an object on the layer to be frozen or [Options/Undo]: g O, chn cc
ph-ng n. dng nhc hin ra:
Enter an option [Entity level nesting/No nesting/]<Block level nesting>:
g mt trong cc ch ci.
ngha ging nh- trong AutoCAD 2007.
III.1.9 Lm tan ng cng tt c cc lp

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Thaw All Layers
Dng lnh: laythw
Gii thch
Tt c cc lp -c lm tan ng cng. Cc i t-ng li hin ra.
III.1.10 Tt lp ca i t-ng -c chn

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Off
Dng lnh: layoff
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
1- AutoCAD 2007
Current settings: Viewports=Vpfreeze, Block nesting level=Block
Select an object on the layer to be turned off or [Settings/Undo]: chn i t-ng
thuc lp cn tt.
Cc la chn ging nh- lm ng cng.
2- AutoCAD 2005
Options/Undo/<Pick an object on the layer be >: chn i t-ng thuc lp cn tt.
Options/Undo/<Pick an object on the layer to turned OFF>: Tip tc chn hoc
g ENTER kt thc lnh.
Nguyn Vn Thip
III.1.11 Bt tt c cc lp
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Turn All Layer On
Dng lnh: layon
Gii thch
Tt c cc lp -c bt li.
III.1.12 Kha lp ca i t-ng -c chn

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer lock
Dng lnh: laylck
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select an object on the layer to be locked: chn i t-ng thuc lp cn kha.
III.1.13 M cc lp b kho
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Unlock
Dng lnh: layulck
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select an object on the layer to be unlocked: chn i t-ng thuc lp cn m
kha.
III.1.14 Xo lp - Layers Layer Delete (LYDELMRG.LSP)

Cng dng
Xo lp v cc i t-ng nm trong lp .
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Delete
Command: laydel
Gii thch
1- AutoCAD 2007
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select object on layer to delete or [Name]: Chn i t-ng thuc lp cn xo hoc
g N nhp tn lp cn xo. Tr-ng hp g N gii thch ti cc mc trn.
Cc i t-ng v cc lp chn bin khi mn hnh ngay.
G Enter kt thc chn i t-ng. Dng nhc tip theo xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
43
Do you wish to continue? [Yes/No] <N>: g cc ch sau:

Y
lp chn v cc i t-ng b xo vnh vin khi bn v.
N
kt thc, lnh khng -c thc hin.
2- AutoCAD 2005
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select object on layer to delete or [Type-it/Undo]: Chn i t-ng trn lp cn xo
hoc g T nhp tn lp cn xo.
Khi chn lp (v d PLANTS), dng nhc tip theo:
Selected layers: PLANTS
Select object on layer to delete or [Type-it/Undo] <done>: tip tc chn lp hoc
g ENTER kt thc vic chn lp.
Dng nhc tip theo:
You are about to permanently delete layer PLANTS from this drawing.
Y
lp PLANTS b xo vnh vin khi bn v.
N
III.1.15 Kt hp nhiu lp lm mt - Layer Merge

(LYDELMRG.LSP)
Cng dng
Gp nhiu lp lm mt.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Layer Merge
Dng lnh: laymrg
Gii thch
1- AutoCAD 2007
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select object on layer to Merge or [Name]: chn i t-ng thuc lp cn kt hp
hoc g N nhp tn lp. Tr-ng hp g N gii thch ti cc mc trn.
Chn mt hoc nhiu lp.
G Enter kt thc chn i t-ng. Dng nhc tip theo xut hin:
Select object on layer to merge or [Name/Undo]: chn lp thuc lp ch hoc g
N. Tr-ng hp g N gii thch ti cc mc trn.
Dng nhc tip theo:
******** WARNING ********
You are about to merge 3 layers into layer "Lighting".
Do you wish to continue? [Yes/No] <No>: *Cancel*
Regenerating model.
Y
cc lp chn -c kt hp volp ch.
Nguyn Vn Thip

N
2- AutoCAD 2005
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select object on layer to merge or [Type-it/Undo]: chn i t-ng trn lp cn st
nhp hoc g t g tn lp.
Nu g t, dng nhc cho tn lp:
Enter layer name or [?]: cho tn lp.
Selected layers: LAYER1
Select object on layer to merge or [Type-it/Undo] <done>: tip tc chn i t-ng
trn lp cn st nhp hoc g t g tn lp hoc g ENTER kt thc vic chn
cc lp b st nhp.
Enter layer name or [?]:
Selected layers: LAYER2,LAYER1, nh- trong tr-ng hp ny ng-i dng cn b 2 lp
LAYER1 v LAYER2 st nhp vo mt lp khc.
Select object on target layer or [Type-it]: cho tn lp cha, lp ny phI -c to
sn trong bn v. V d ta chn lp TAM.
Dng cnh bo xut hin:
WARNING
There are 1 block definition(s) which reference the layer(s) you are
deleting.
The block(s) will be redefined and the entities referencing
the layer(s) will be changed to reference layer TAM.
You are about to permanently merge the following layers into layer TAM:
LAYER2
LAYER1
Ngha l cc i t-ng thuc 2 lp trn s -c chuyn sang lp TAM, cn bn
thn cc lp b xa.
Do you wish to continue? [Yes/No] <No>: Nu tip tc g y, cng vic s
-c hon tt, g n, cng vic b hu b.
III.1.16 Qun l lp - Layer Manager

Cng dng ny -c xy dng bng file LMAN.LSP.
Khi chng ta xy dng -c mt bn v hon chnh, cc lp -c to ra y
, dng cng dng ny l-u tr cc lp vo mt tp tin c phn m rng l *.LAY,
khi cn dng cho cc bn v khc c th gi cc lp ny vo mt cch tc th.
1- AutoCAD 2007
Dng lnh: lman
2- AutoCAD 2005
Trnh n: Layer manager
Dng lnh: lman
Gii thch
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
45
Hp thoi xut hin:

Trong hp thoi ny, vng trng l ni lit k tn cc nhm lp xut ra hoc
nhp vo.
Nt Save to mt nhm lp trong bn v. Hp thoi xut hin t tn nhm:
Tn mc nh l LAYER_SRATE1, c th cho tn khc v nhn OK. Tn ny

-c ghi ln vng trng ca hp thoi ln.
Ch :
D ti y chng ta t bao nhiu tn nhm, th ni dung ca tt c cc nhm
ny u ging nhau, ngha l cha cc lp m bn v hin hnh hin c.
Nt Edit cng dng nh- lnh Layer, hin hp thoi ng-i dng to mi, thay
i c tnh ca cc lp c v cp nht cho nhm.
Nt Delete xo tn nhm khi danh sch.
Nt Export l-u tr nhm lp vo mt tp (file).
Hp thoi:
Nguyn Vn Thip
Ti File name cho tn file cn l-u tr. Nhn Save.

Nt Import -a cc lp vo bn v. Hp thoi nh- Export, chn tn file cn nhp
v nhn nt Open. Cc lp ca nhm -c chn s -c -a vo bn v.
III.2 Cc thao tc vi khi Blocks

Cc lnh tng c-ng ny nm trong mc trnh n Express.
Trong cch ra lnh bn d-i chng ti ch gii thiu tn lnh, -ng dn s l:
Trnh n: Expess Block.
III.2.1 Lnh Copy Nested Entities

Cng dng
Dng copy nhng i t-ng ring r hoc nhng i t-ng l thnh vin ca
mt khi (block).
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Copy nested Entities
Dng lnh: ncopy
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select nested objects to copy: chn cc i t-ng. Ti y th-ng chn mt vi
thnh vin ca khi. Nu chn vo thnh vin no th ch c bn thn thnh vin
-c chn.
<Base point or displacement>/Multiple: cho im c s (hoc g m - nhn nhiu
bn sao) nh- lnh COPY thng th-ng.
Second point of displacement: cho im t.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
47
III.2.2 Lnh Trim to Block Entities

Cng dng
Dng nhng i t-ng l thnh vin ca mt khi (block) lm -ng chn cho
lnh TRIM.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Trim to Block Entities
Dng lnh: btrim
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select cutting edges: chn i t-ng l thnh vin ca khi lm -ng chn.
<Select object to trim>/Project/Edge/Undo: t y ging nh- lnh TRIM thng
th-ng.
III.2.3 Lnh Extend to Block Entities

Cng dng
Dng nhng i t-ng l thnh vin ca mt khi (block) lm -ng chn cho
lnh EXTEND.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Extend to Block Entities
Dng lnh: bextend
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select edges for extend: chn i t-ng l thnh vin ca khi lm -ng chn.
<Select object to extend>/Project/Edge/Undo: t y ging nh- lnh EXTEND
thng th-ng.
III.2.4 Lnh Extended Explode (Explode m rng)

Cng dng
Lnh bung mt khi (block) m rng. N khc lnh Explode thng th-ng l ch
dng bung cc Block -c chn vo bn v cn cc i t-ng dng khi nhHatch, Polyline, Text ... khng b tc ng. N -c gi l m rng v:
- Lnh Explode thng th-ng ch lm nhim v bung khi, tr cc i t-ng v
nguyn trng.
- Lnh Xplode ngoi vic bung khi cn cho php ng-i dng thay i c tnh
ca i t-ng theo yu cu.
Dng lnh
Dng lnh: xplode
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip

Select objects to XPlode.
Select objects: chn i t-ng l mt khi (block).
Dng nhc cho php thay i cc c tnh ca khi v ca i t-ng thnh vin:
Enter an option
[All/Color/LAyer/LType/LWeight/Inherit from parent block
/Explode] <Explode>:
G cc ch ci. Cc ph-ng n nhsau:
c (Color) thay i mu. Dng nhc chn mu:
Red/Yellow/Green/Cyan/Blue/Magenta/White/BYLayer/BYBlock
<BYLAYER>: g mt trong cc la chn. Nu chn byl (Bylayer) mu ca
cc i t-ng khi bung ra s theo lp hin hnh.
la (LAyer) thay i lp. Dng nhc tip theo:
XPlode onto what layer? <DAM-VUA>: cho tn lp chuyn n cc
thnh vin ca khi sau khi bung ra.
lt (LType) thay i kiu -ng nt.
Enter new linetype name. <BYBLOCK> : cho tn kiu -ng nt.
i (Inherit from parent block) tr v nguyn trng cc i t-ng nh- khi cn l cc
i t-ng gc to nn khi.
a (All) thay i ton b nh- mu, lp, kiu -ng nt... Cc dng nhc nhtrn
ln l-t hin ra ta cho cc gi tr thay th.
III.2.5 Lnh Explode Attributes to Text - bung Attribute thnh

dng ch thng th-ng
Cng dng
Lnh ny cho php bung mt khi c Attribute (xem lnh ATTDEF phn tr-c)
v ni dung (value) ca Attribute -c chuyn thnh dng ch bnh th-ng. Cn
lnh Explode thng th-ng l khi thc hin, cc ni dung ca cc Attribute bin
mt, ch hin ra tn tham bin (tag) ca n.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Explode Attributes to Text
Dng lnh: burst
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Initializing...
Select objects: chn i t-ng l mt khi.
Kt qu khi b bung ra cn cc ni dung (value) ca Attribute -c chuyn
thnh dng ch bnh th-ng.
III.2.6 Thay th khi

Cng dng
Lnh ny cho php thay th mt khi bng khi khc. Khi thay th, tt c cc
khi c ti bt k v tr no u -c thay bng khi mi.
Dng lnh
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
49
Trnh n: Replace block with other block

Dng lnh: blockreplace
Gii thch
Hp thoi hin ra:
Chn khi cn thay th theo 2 cch:

+ Nhn tn khi trn danh sch.
+ Nhn nt Pick< , tr li mn hnh v chn trc tip khi trong bn v.
Tip theo nhn OK, hp thoi tip theo chn khi thay th:
Cch lm t-ng t nh- khi cn thay. Nhn OK, dng nhc xut hin:
Purge unreferenced items when finished? <Y>: C g b khi b thay khi bn
v khi kt thc cng vic khng? (Xem lnh Purge).
Y c.
N khng.
Kt qu khi mi thay vo v tr khi c ti tt c nhng ni c khi c.
III.2.7 Hi s l-ng cc khi chn vo bn v

Dng lnh
Dng lnh: bcount
Gii thch
Nguyn Vn Thip

Dng nhc:
Press Enter to select all or...
Select objects: ti y c 2 kh nng:
+ G Enter s lit k ht tt c cc khi c trong bn v. Dnh sch v s l-ng
khi -c -a ra ti vng dng lnh. Nhn F2 xem ton b nh- hnh d-i.
Tn khi S l-ng
Block.................Count
--------------------------Sink..................
1
Bathtub............... 2
Receptacle............ 44
Lighting fixture...... 28
Door - French......... 2
new block............. 5
ARCHBDR-D......... 1
+ Nhn chn i t-ng l khi. i t-ng no -c chn s -a vo danh sch
lit k. S l-ng ph thuc vo i t-ng -c chn.
III.3 Cc thao tc vi TEXT

Trnh n: Expess Text.
III.3.1 Lnh Text Fit

Cng dng
t dng ch va kht vo khong gia 2 im -c chn.
Lnh ny ch c tc dng vi ch -c ghi bng DTEXT.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Text Fit
Dng lnh: textfit
Gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Select Text to stretch or shrink: chn dng ch.
Specify end point or [Start point]: cho im cui ca dng ch hoc g s cho
im u v im cui.
Tr-ng hp g s, dng nhc xut hin:
Pick new starting point: cho im u.
ending point:
cho im cui.
III.3.2 Lnh Text Mask
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
51
Cng dng
To ra mt khong trng che lp cc i t-ng khc xung quanh dng ch.
Lnh ny ch c tc dng vi ch -c ghi bng DTEXT.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Text Mask
Dng lnh: textmask
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Current settings: Offset factor = 0.35, Mask type = Wipeout
Select text objects to mask or [Masktype/Offset]: chn i t-ng l dng ch hoc
chn cc ph-ng n cho tham s.
M (Masktype): kiu mt n.
Dng nhc xut hin chn kiu:
Mask type currently set to Wipeout
Specify entity type to use for mask [Wipeout/3dface/Solid]
<Wipeout>: g ch ci.
w (Wipeout)
tm che l khong trng.
3 (3dface)
l mt mt ca khng gian 3 chiu.
s (Solid) l mt vng t mu c, ch -c t ni ln.
O (Offset): cho b rng khong trng bao quanh ch bng h s chiu cao
ch. Dng nhc cho h s:
Mask offset currently set to 0.35
Enter offset factor relative to text height <0.35>: g s. V d, ti y
ta cho s 0.2, chiu cao dng ch -c chn l 12, khi b rng khong
trng bao quanh ch s l 12x0.2 = 2.4 n v v. Nhng i t-ng no
nm bn trong khong trng s b che lp.
Dng nhc tip theo:
Select text objects to mask or [Masktype/Offset]: chn dng ch.
III.3.3 B khong trng bao quanh ch

Dng lnh
Trnh n: Unmask Text
Dng lnh: textunmask
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select text or MText object from which mask is to be removed.
Select objects: chn dng ch.
Dng ch -c b khong trng bao quanh.
III.3.4 Lnh Arc Aligned Text

Cng dng
Nguyn Vn Thip

V dng ch dc theo cung trn.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Arc Aligned Text
Dng lnh: arctext
Gii thch
thc hin -c lnh ny, trong bn v phi c sn mt cung trn lm i
t-ng ta cho dng ch.
Dng nhc:
Select an Arc or an ArcAlignedText: chn cung trn hoc dng ch hnh vng cung
-c to tr-c .
Chn cung trn ghi dng mi, chn dng ch c sn sa i.
Hp thoi chung cho c hai tr-ng hp nhsau:
D-i y l cng dng ca cc nt. Phn trong ngoc l lnh dng trn trnh n.
Cc nt bn d-i trnh n c ngha nhsau:
(Format -> Reverse Text) - o ch . o ng-c v tr cc ch ci. Hnh d-i
minh ho tr-ng hp ny.
Nu ang xui, nhn nt ny thnh ch ng-c, ch ang ng-c, nhn nt thnh

ch xui.
(Format -> Alignment -> Left) - cn t bn tri.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
53
(Format -> Alignment -> Right) - cn t bn phi.

(Format -> Alignment -> Fit) - cn va kn cung trn.
(Format -> Alignment -> Center) - cn t trung im ra (gia) .
(Format -> Position -> ConvexSide) - ch nm pha ngoi cung trn .
(Format -> Position -> ConcaveSide) - ch nm pha trong cung trn.
(Format -> Direction -> InWard to Center) - ch quay nh vo tm cung trn.
(Format -> Direction -> Outward from Center) - ch quay nh ra pha ngoi .
- t mu cho ch. Nhn nt
Cc la chn pha d-i:
chn mu.
n g t r n
Ba
Th
u knh
cu
n cng
Cu
Cc tham bin khc:

Height
chiu cao ch.
Width factor
t l gia chiu rng v chiu cao ca ch ci.
Char spacing
khong cch gia cc ch ci.
Offset from Arc khong cch t chn ch n cung trn.
Cc thng s khc ph thuc vo cc la chn cn chnh ph trn.
....
Text
ni g ni dung dng ch.
Khi v xong ch, nu cn c th xo cung trn.
D-i y l hnh minh ho mt s dng ch hnh cung.
III.3.5 Lnh Explode Text
Nguyn Vn Thip
Cng dng
Bung ch ra thnh cc i t-ng ring r.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Explode Text
Dng lnh: txtexp
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select text to be EXPLODED: chn dng ch.
Khi chn xong, nhn ENTER. Cc ch lin bin thnh cc on thng hoc
cung trn ni li vi nhau.
III.3.6 Lnh Convert Text to Mtext

Cng dng
Chuyn i Dtext (ch ghi theo tng dng mt) thnh Mtext (ch ghi thnh tng
khi). C th chn nhiu dng ghp thnh mt khi.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Convert Text to Mtext
Dng lnh: txt2mtxt
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select text objects, or [Options]<Options>:
Select objects: g ENTER cho cc ph-ng n hoc chn dng ch chuyn i.
Tr-ng hp g ENTER (chn ph-ng n), hp thoi xut hin:
Trong cc nt c tc dng nhsau:

Selection set order: nu chn t 2 dng tr ln th dng no chn tr-c -c t
nguyn ti v tr c, cc dng khc d bt c v tr no cng b dn v ngay sau
dng u to thnh mt khi ch.
Sort top-down: nu chn t 2 dng tr ln th dng no c to Y ln hn (nm
cao hn) -c xp ln trn, khng ph thuc vo th t lc bm chn.
Creat word-wrap Mtext: - ON tt c cc dng -c ghp thnh mt dng (khng
c du xung dng).
- OFF mi dng thnh vin vn l mt dng ring (phn
cch nhau bng du xung dng).
Select objects: chn cc dng cn chuyn i.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
55
Khi chn xong, nhn ENTER, cc dng ch -c gp li thnh mt khi ch.
III.3.7 Lnh Justify Text

Cng dng
Cn chnh cc dng ch ghi bng Dtext (ch ghi theo tng dng mt).
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Justify Text
Dng lnh: tjust
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select objects: tip tc chn dng ch hoc g Enter kt thc chn.
Enter new justification...
[Start/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR] <Start>: g cc
ch ci chn cc ph-ng n cn chnh. Xem phn cn chnh ch ti AutoCAD
c s.
III.3.8 Lnh Rotate Text

Cng dng
Xoay cc dng ch. Cc dng ch c th l Dtext, Mtext hoc Attribus.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Rotate Text
Dng lnh: torient
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select TEXT, MTEXT, ATTDEF, or BLOCK inserts w/attributes...
New absolute rotation <Most Readable>: cho gc nghing (gc ny so vi t- th
hin thi ca dng ch).
III.3.9 Lnh Enclose Text with Object

Cng dng
V hnh bao quanh dng ch c. Cc dng ch c th l Dtext, Mtext hoc
Attribus.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Enclose Text with Object
Dng lnh: tcircle
Nguyn Vn Thip
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select TEXT, MTEXT, ATTDEF, or BLOCK inserts w/attributes...
Enter distance offset factor <0.35>: cho khong cch gia ch v -ng bao. Gi
tr ny tnh theo chiu cao ch.
Enclose text with [Circles/Slots/Rectangles] <Circles>: chn hnh bao quanh ch.
G mt trong cc ch ci sau:
C hnh trn.
S hnh rnh then.
R hnh ch nht.
Create circles of constant or variable size [Constant/Variable] <Variable>: chn
kch th-c hnh bao c nh hay bin i. i vi tr-ng hp chn mt dong ch
khg c khc bit no, nh-ng nu chn nhiu i t-ng th s c s khc bit
gia cc ph-ng n.
G mt trong cc ch ci sau:
C kch th-c c nh. Hnh s ly kch th-c ln nht theo cc chiu sao
cho bao quanh -c i t-ng.
i vi hnh ch nht v hnh then, c thm dng nhc:
Maintain constant rectangle [Width/Height/Both] <Both>: gi
nguyn kch th-c no:
w chiu rng.
h chiu cao.
b c hai.
V kch th-c thay i theo kch th-c dng ch. Hnh s c kch th-c
khc nhau sao cho mi hnh bao ht khi ch -c chn.
D-i y l hnh minh ho cc ph-ng n ni trn.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
57
III.3.10 Lnh Automatic Text Numbering

Cng dng
T ng nh s th t cho cc dng ch. Cc dng ch c th l Dtext, Mtext
hoc Attribus.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Automatic Text Numberring
Dng lnh: tcount
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Initializing...
Select objects: tip tc chn dng ch hoc g Enter kt thc chn. t nht phi chn
2 dng tr ln mi thy r hiu qu.
Sort selected objects by [X/Y/Select-order] <Select-order>: chn qui tc nh s.
Cc qui tc l:
X - nh theo ta X. Dng no c to X nh nht s l s u.
Y - nh theo ta Y. Dng no c to y nh nht s l s u
S - Select-order: nh theo th t nhn chn. Dng no chn u tin s l s
u.
Specify starting number and increment (Start,increment) <1,1>: cho s khi u
v gia s. G s theo qui nh: s u tin l s khi u, s sau du phy l gia
s.
Placement of numbers in text [Overwrite/Prefix/Suffix/Find&replace..] <
Prefix>: chn v tr t s. G cc ch ci:
O ghi ln dng ch.
P ghi tr-c dng ch.
S ghi sau dng ch.
F tm v thay th. Dng nhc cho ph-ng n ny:
Enter search string <>: cho dng ch cn tm. Nu dng ch c trong cc
dng -c chn, n b thay bng s th t.
Hnh d-i minh ha cc ph-ng n ni trn.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Cc dng ch -c nh s vn gi nguyn v tr trong bn v.
III.4 Cc thao tc vi cm ghi kch th-c

Dimention
Trnh n: Expess Dimension.
III.4.1 Lnh Dimstyle Export

Cng dng
L-u kiu ghi kch th-c (Dimstyle) vo mt tp tin c phn m rng *.DIM. Bt k
bn v no cng c th s dng tp tin ny nhp kiu ghi kch th-c
(Dimstyle) vo bng lnh Dimstyle Import, khi phi xy dng t u.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Dimstyle Exprot
Dng lnh: dimex
Gii thch
Hp thoi xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
59
Export Filename: cho tn tp tin cha Dimstyle.

Dng con tr chn tn kiu ghi kch th-c ti lit k Available Dimension
Style cn xut ra tp tin.
Ngoi ra cn c cc la chn i vi kiu ch dng trong cm kch th-c:
Text Style Name Only kiu ch khng -c ghp vo tp tin, khi nhp vo,
khng -c -a vo bn v.
Full Text Style Infomation kiu ch -c ghp vo tp tin mt cch y ,
khi nhp vo, nhp lun c kiu ch.
III.4.2 Lnh Dimstyle Import

Cng dng
Nhp kiu ghi kch th-c (Dimstyle) vo bn v t mt tp tin c phn m rng
*.DIM.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Dimstyle Import
Dng lnh: dimim
Gii thch
Hp thoi:
Nguyn Vn Thip
Import Filename: cho tn tp tin cha Dimstyle cn nhp vo.

Ngoi ra cn c cc la chn khi nhp:
Keep Existing Style:
vn dng kiu c c tn trng vi kiu s nhp.
Overwrite Existing Style: ghi ni dung kiu mi nhp ln kiu c cng
tn.
III.5 Cc lnh v v hiu chnh

III.5.1 Lnh Super Hatch
Cng dng
To mt mt ct c bit trong mu t l cc i t-ng c bit nh-: tm nh
(Image), khi (Block), mt tp tin nn (Xref Attach), tm che (Wipeout)....
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Draw SuperHatch
Dng lnh: superhatch
Gii thch
Hp thoi xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
61
Cc nt chn trong hp thoi:

1- Image: dng nh lm mt ct
Dng mt tp (file) nh lm mu t. Hp thoi chn tp nh xut hin:
Chn tp tin, nhn nt Open, hp thoi chn nh xut hin. Ti hp thoi ny,
cc tham s ging nh- chn khi vo bn v.
Nu cc tham s c nh du ON nt chn Specify on-screen, nhn OK,

dng nhc tip theo trn mn hnh:
Insertion point <0,0>: cho im t.
Specify scale factor <1>: cho h s thu phng (h s ny ging nh- trong lnh chn
nh). G s.
Specify rotation angle <0>: cho gc nghing (so vi ph-ng nm ngang).
Is the placement of this IMAGE acceptable? [Yes/No] <Yes>: c dng nh ny lm
mu t khng? G n (No) lnh khng -c thc hin.
G y (Yes) lnh s -c thc hin.
Sau hnh nh tm bin mt, xut hin dng nhc chn vng t:
Specify an option [Advanced options] <Internal point>: dng chut nhn mt im
trong vng cn t hoc g a chn cc ph-ng n nh- trong lnh Hatch thng
th-ng.
Specify an option [Advanced options] <Internal point>: tip tc chn vng t hoc
g ENTER kt thc lnh.
Nguyn Vn Thip

2- Block: dng khi c lm mu t
Dng mt khi (block) lm mu t. B-c tip theo nh- trong lnh chn khi
(Insert Block).
superhatch K1 Specify insertion point or
[Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate/PScale/PX/PY/PZ/PRotate]:
Enter X scale factor, specify opposite corner, or [Corner/XYZ] <1>:
Enter Y scale factor <use X scale factor>:
Specify rotation angle <0>:
Khi kt thc b-c nh khi, dng nhc tip theo:
Is the placement of this BLOCK acceptable? {Yes/No] <Yes>: c dng nh ny lm
mu t khng? G n (No) lnh khng -c thc hin.
G y (Yes) lnh s -c thc hin.
Trn mn hnh xut hin hnh ch nht mu cnh sen (magenta) bao quanh
khi km theo dng nhc:
Specify block [Extents] First corner <magenta rectang>: chn vng bao quanh
mu. Ti y c 2 kh nng:
- G ENTER, khi s -c xp kht nhau to thnh mt ct.
- Dng chut to mt hnh ch nht bao quanh khi th s to ra mt ct gm
nhng khi xp vi nhau theo cc cnh ca hnh ch nht va to (dy hoc
th-a ph thuc vo kch th-c hnh ch nht).
Tip theo dng nhc nh vng t:
th-ng.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
63
3- Xref Attach: dng bn v nn lm mu t

Dng c mt bn v nn lm mu t. Cc b-c ging nh- 2 phn trn.
4- Wipeout: Dng tm che (xem lnh Wipeout) lm mu t
Dng nhc:
th-ng.
Specify an option [Advanced options] <Internal point>: tip tc chn vng t hoc
g ENTER kt thc lnh.
5- Select Existing: chn mt ct v lm mu
Dng nhc:
Select objects: chn i t-ng l cc mt ct c bit ni trn. Khng thc hin -c
vi mt ct thng th-ng. Khi chn vo mt ct dng no th cc b-c tip theo
nh- gii thch ti dng (Image, Block......).
III.5.2 Lnh Extended Clip (CLIPIT.LSP)

Cng dng
Dng POLYLINE, CIRCLE hoc ARC lm -ng bao xn cc i t-ng l
IMAGE (nh) , WIPEOUT (tm che), XREF (bn v lm nn) hoc BLOCK (khi).
iu kin ban u
Phi c -ng bao v t tr-c.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Extended Clip
Dng lnh: clipit
Gii thch
Pick a POLYLINE/CIRCLE/ARC for clipping edge..
Select objects: chn i t-ng l POLYLINE khp kn, CIRCLE hoc ARC lm -ng
bao. Cc i t-ng ny phi nm trn din tch cn xn. Sau khi chn xong
-ng bao, khng g ENTER, dng nhc tip theo xut hin:
Pick an IMAGE, a WIPEOUT, or an XREF/BLOCK to clip...
Select objects: chn i t-ng l IMAGE (nh) , WIPEOUT (tm che), XREF (bn v
lm nn) hoc BLOCK (khi) cn xn.
Dng nhc tip theo:
Enter max error distance for resolution of arcs <0.0200>: cho gi tr sai s
(khong cch gia -ng bin v mp ct ca nh, khng -c cho s 0) v g
ENTER kt thc lnh.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Mt IMAGE (nh) , WIPEOUT (tm che), XREF (bn v lm nn) hoc BLOCK
(khi) sau khi xn s c -ng bin ring l mt POLYLINE v cng l mt i t-ng
vn b tc ng bi cc lnh hiu chnh thng th-ng. Nu cn c th xa i t-ng
lm c ch li -ng bin.
Khi xa -ng bin bng lnh ERASE, nh cng b xa lun. Mun xa -ng
bin (Clip), tr li hnh nh tr-c khi xn phi dng lnh CLIP hoc CLIP IMAGE (xem
lnh CLIP v CLIP IMAGE trong ch-ng "trao i vi cc phn mm khc").
III.5.3 Lnh Extrim (EXTRIM.LSP)

Cng dng
Dng POLYLINE, CIRCLE hoc ARC lm -ng chn ct tt c cc i t-ng
vt qua n.
Dng lnh
Dng nhc: Extrim
Gii thch
y l tr-ng hp dng lnh TRIM mt cch c bit. Tt c cc i t-ng vt
qua -ng chn u b ct cng lc. Pha cn ct do ng-i dng chn.
Dng nhc chn -ng chn:
Pick a Polyline, Line, Circle, or Arc for cutting edge: chn i t-ng l POLYLINE,
LINE, CIRCLE hoc ARC. Khi chn mt i t-ng, lp tc dng nhc xut hin:
Pick the side to trim on: Cho pha cn ct. Dng chut nhn mt im ti vng c
cc phn tha cn ct b.
Hnh d-i minh ha i t-ng lm -ng chn l mt hnh ch nht (nt

t), ch thp l con tr chn pha cn ct.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
65
T-ng t vi cc -ng thng, hnh ch nht, cung trn, -ng trn lm

-ng chn v pha cn ct nh- hnh d-i.
III.5.4 Lnh Move/Copy/Rotate

Cng dng
Kt hp cc lnh Move, Copy v Rotate vo mt lnh.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Move/Copy/Rotate
Dng lnh: MOCORO
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Initializing...
Select objects: chn i t-ng
Select objects: tip tc chn i t-ng hoc g Enter kt thc chn.
Base point: cho im gc.
[Move/Copy/Rotate/Scale/Base/Undo]<eXit>: G cc ch ci chn lnh.
i vi mi lnh s xut hin cc dng nhc t-ng ng nh- trong cc lnh c
bn.
Kt qu l c th va copy, bn sao s -c xoay i mt gc hoc va di chuyn
va xoay v.v...
III.5.5 Lnh Multiple Copy

Nguyn Vn Thip
Cng dng
Dng lnh Copy v khai trin thm cc ch nng b sung.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Multiple Copy
Dng lnh: copym
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Select objects: chn i t-ng
Select objects: tip tc chn i t-ng hoc g Enter kt thc chn.
Base point: cho im gc.
Second point or
[Repeat (last)/Divide/Measure/Array (dynamic)/Undo] <exit>: cho im ch hoc
g ch ci chn ph-ng n b sung.
R - lp li vi bn sao cui cng. Lc ny bn sao cui cng s -c dng lm
i t-ng gc.
D - b tr cc bn sao thnh dy chia mt khong thnh nhng phn bng nhau.
Dng nhc:
Select division ending point: cho im cui ca khong b tr cc bn
sao. Nhn chut.
Number of copies: cho s bn sao. G s.
M - b tr cc bn sao thnh dy chia mt khong thnh nhng phn bng nhau
c di cho tr-c.
Dng nhc:
Select measure ending point: cho im cui ca khong b tr cc bn
sao. Nhn chut.
Distance between copies: cho khong cch gia cc bn sao. G s.
A - b tr cc bn sao thnh dy theo hng v ct.
Dng nhc:
Pick (dynamic)/Measure/Divide <Pick>: g Enter nhn chut to
khong cch gia cc hng v cc ct hoc g cc ch ci.
+ Tr-ng hp g Enter
Dng nhc:
Specify angle <0>: cho gc nghing ca dy. G s hoc nhn chut.
Pick a corner point to establish ROW and COLUMN distances: nhn
im thnh hnh ch nht nh khong cch gia cc hng v cc
ct.
Khi c khong cch, cc chm im hin ra. Nhn tri chut vo
chm no, chm c mt bn sao.
G Enter kt thc lnh.
+ Tr-ng hp g d
Dng nhc:
Enter number of columns: cho s hng. G s.
Enter number of rows: cho s ct. G s.
Kt qu dy -c to ra.
G Enter kt thc lnh.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
67
+ Tr-ng hp g m
Dng nhc:
Pick a corner point to establish ROW and COLUMN distances: nhn
im thnh hnh ch nht nh khong cch gia cc hng v
Other corner for array fill: nhn im thnh hnh ch nht nh
khong rng ca ton dy.
Kt qu dy -c to ra.
G Enter kt thc lnh.
III.5.6 Lnh Extended Offset

Cng dng
Dng lnh Offset v khai trin thm cc ch nng b sung.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Extended Offset
Dng lnh: exoffset
Gii thch
Dng nhc:
Initializing...
Settings: Distance = 35.0000, Layer = SOURCE, Gaptype = Normal
Specify offset distance or [Through] <35.0000>: cho khong cch. G s hoc
nhn chut.
Select object(s) to offset or [Options/Undo]: chn i t-ng gc.
Tip theo c dng nhc vi cc ph-ng n thc hin:
Shift+Pick for multiple; Ctrl+Pick to erase source object.
Side to offset or [Multiple/Options/Undo]: cc ph-ng n c th thc hin:
+ Gi phm Shift v nhn chut. Mi ln nhn chut -c mt bn sao cch bn
sao cui cng mt khong cho.
+ Gi phm Ctrl v nhn chut s xo hnh gc.
+ M thc hin lnh lin tip.
+ O cc ph-ng n mi trong dng nhc:
Specify an option to set [Distance/Layer/Gaptype]:
d - cho khong cch mi.
l - i lp.
Side to offset or [Options/Undo]: cho pha v hnh mi. Nhn chut.
G Enter kt thc lnh.
III.5.7 Lnh Overkill

Cng dng
Xo cc i t-ng trng nhau.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Modify Delete duplicate Objects
Nguyn Vn Thip

Dng lnh: overkill
Gii thch
Hp thoi hin ra.
Nhn nh du chn cc iu kin ban u.

Cc iu kin l:
Ignore ...: ON - cc nt chn loi tr cc rng buc i t-ng (khng tnh n) gm
Layer (lp), Linetype (kiu -ng nt), Color (mu) v.v....
Numeric fuzz: sai lch cho php ( trng kht). G s.
Tip theo cc iu kin khc -c minh ho bng hnh v d-i y.
Nguyn Vn Thip
AutoCAD 2D nng cao
69
Nhn OK, dng nhc xut hin:

Select objects: chn i t-ng. Nhn chn i t-ng c nghi ng b trng nhau.
Nu g All, tt c cc i t-ng trong bn v -c chn.
G Enter kt thc lnh.
Kt qu, mi i t-ng trng nhau s b loi b.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Ch-ng 4
Trao i d liu gia Autocad v cc

phn mm khc
AutoCAD cng nh- cc phn mm khc u c cc chc nng trao i d liu
vi nhau. C th chng ta c th -a cc bc nh, on vn bn, cng thc, cc bn
v ca cc phn mm khc v.v... vo trong AutoCAD. Ng-c li cc bn v (sn phm
ca AutoCAD) cng -c -a vo cc trang vn bn, vo bc tranh.... Trong ch-ng
ny chng ti xin gii thiu cc chc nng .
IV.1 Nhp kt qu ca cc phn mm khc

IV.1.1 Dng lnh Copy - Paste ca h thng
Trong bt k phn mm no chy trn h iu hnh Windows u c mc trnh
n Edit. Trong Edit c Copy v Paste. Lnh Copy ny khc lnh Copy trong trnh
n Modify ca AutoCAD ch, cc i t-ng -c copy bng lnh h thng -c
l-u ti b nh ca my tnh, bt k phn mm no dng lnh Paste trn trnh n Edit
cng c th -a i t-ng ny vo s dng.
Da vo tnh ng trn, chng ta nhp cc sn phm ca cc phn mm khc vo
AutoCAD theo qui trnh sau:
1Khi ng phn mm ngun. To ra nhng sn phm cn thit. V d,
chy Excel to ra bng tnh, WinWord to ra cc dng vn bn,
cc phn mm to nh v.v...
2Dng lnh Copy sao chp nhng i t-ng cn thit.
3Khi ng AutoCAD, dng lnh Paste dn i t-ng copy vo
bn v.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Edit Paste hoc
Paste Spacing
Dng lnh: pasteclip hoc pastespec
Gii thch
1- Dng Paste
i t-ng -c -a vo bn v d-i dng mt bc nh.
2- Dng Paste Spacing
Nguyn Vn Thip

Hp thoi xut hin:
Trong ny chng ta c cc ph-ng thc dn cc i t-ng vo bn v:

Microsoft Word Document: i t-ng dn vo l mt khi vn bn gi nguyn th
nh- khi to ra trong WinWord.
Picture (Metafile): i t-ng l mt bc tranh, nu chuyn t WinWord sang, phng
ch c th b sai.
AutoCAD Entities: i t-ng -c chuyn thnh cc i t-ng ca AutoCAD. Nu c
cc dng -ng thng s chuyn thnh LINE, ch s chuyn thnh DTEXT.
Phng ch -c t ng -a vo vi kiu ch mi -c t ng to ra.
Image Entity: i t-ng l mt bc nh.
Text: nu i t-ng gc l ch, s -c dn vo d-i dng MTEXT.
T cc chc nng ny, tu thuc vo i t-ng ngun m chn ph-ng thc
chuyn i cho thch hp.
Cc ph-ng n khc:
Paste: i t-ng -c gn vo AutoCAD tr thnh thnh vin ca bn v, khng
cn mi lin h no vi tp gc.
Paste Link: i t-ng -c gn vo AutoCAD vn ph thuc vo tp gc.
Nu tp gc b xo hoc -ng dn sai, i t-ng khng hin th -c.
Nhn OK, kt thc hp thoi.
Cc b-c tip theo ging nh- chn khi.
Nu ti ch-ng trnh gc dng Edit -> Cut, i t-ng cng -c l-u tr vo b
m ca my. Sau cng c th dng Paste hoc Paste Spacing dn vo
AutoCAD.
Ch
i vi AutoCAD 2005:
- Ch -c chn vo lun ly phng ca kiu hin hnh, do phi to kiu ch
c phng cn thit tr-c.
i vi AutoCAD 2007:
- Phng ch -c t ng to ra nh- ni trn.
- Khi chn khng phi l AutoCAD Entities, khi ch c khung bao quanh,
khng xo b i -c nh-ng khi in ra s khng c khung ny.
IV.1.2 Lnh Insert External Reference

Nguyn Vn Thip
Cng dng
Dng mt bn v khc lm nn. Bn v ny l mt bn nn (gi l Xref, chng
ti cng dng lun t ny khng dch sang ting Vit), cc i t-ng gn kt vi nhau,
khng th dng lnh EXPLODE bung ra -c.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Insert External Reference
Dng lnh: xref hoc xattach
Gii thch
Hp thoi chn bn v nn:
Nhn nt Attach chn, dng tp -a vo. Mt danh sch cc loi tp hin ra:
DWG tp bn v AutoCAD.
Image tp nh.
DWF tp AutoCAD 3D xut ra.
from Vault t th- vin trn mng.
Sau khi c kiu tp, hp thoi hin ra chn tn tp.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Dng con tr chn tp tin cn thit, nhn Open. Hp thoi ging trong lnh chn
khi (Insert Block) xut hin:
Cc la chn nhsau:

Path type: kiu -ng dn. Nhn nt chn.
Full Path, ngha l l-u -ng dn ca tp tin Xref, nhng ln khi ng sau c
theo m ko bn v vo.
No Path: AutoCAD s t ng lc tm trong thmc Support, nu khng thy,
bn Xref khng -c hin th trong bn v.
Reference Type: kiu tham chiu. Chn mt trong cc ph-ng n sau:
Attachment: nh km. Tp gc v tp tham chiu lun lun i km vi nhau.
Overlay: ln. Tp gc v tp tham chiu c th li cha tp tham chiu
khc.
Cc tham s khc
Xscale factor, Yscale factor, Zscale factor, Rotate Angle ging nh- trong lnh
chn khi, nn chn Specify On screen (xc nh trn mn hnh) s thun li hn.
Nhn OK tip tc cng vic.
Cc dng nhc trn dng lnh ging nh- lnh chn khi (Insert Block).
Nguyn Vn Thip

c im ca Xref
+ Bn Xref phi lun -c t ti -ng dn khi n -c ko vo bn v chnh.
Nu b di chuyn hoc b xa, n s khng -c hin th trong bn chnh, ch hin th
dng ch ghi -ng dn tr-c y ca n, v d: "xref c:\banve\thicong.dwg".
+ Mi thay i ti bn Xref (v d v thm mt s i t-ng khi khi ng
n c lp) u -c hin th ti cc ln khi ng sau ca bn chnh.

+ Cc lnh hiu chnh nh- Mirror, copy, rotate, scale, move u c th
thc hin vi Xref.
+ Xref l mt khi c bit, khng th dng lnh Explode bung ra, nh-ng vn
c th p dng cc ph-ng thc bt im (Osnap) nh- cc i t-ng thng th-ng.
+ Cc i t-ng ca bn Xref c th -c sao chp bng lnh Copy Nested
Entities.
IV.1.3 Lnh Insert Raster Image

Cng dng
Chn mt bn nh vo bn v.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Insert Raster Image
Dng lnh: image
Gii thch
Hp thoi v cc b-c thc hin, s gn b gia bn v chnh v bn nh cng
ging nh- lnh Insert External Reference.
Vi mt s bn v khng c kch th-c, cn s ha bng cch can li th-ng

dng Scaner qut thnh cc file nh sau chn vo bn v lm nn, theo cc -ng
nt ca nh m v li bng AutoCAD.
Nguyn Vn Thip
IV.1.4 Lnh Insert Windows Metafile

Cng dng
Chn ni dung mt tp tin c phn m rng *.WMF vo bn v.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Insert Windows Metafile
Dng lnh: wmfin
Gii thch
Tp tin Metafile do mt s phn mm trong c AutoCAD c th xut kt qu
ra v l-u tr.
Hp thoi xut hin. Cch lm nh- cc i t-ng ni phn trn.
Chn tp tin cn thit, nhn OK.
Cc dng nhc tip theo trn mn hnh ging nh- lnh chn khi.
c im ca Metafile
+ Khi chn vo bn v, cc i t-ng ca Metafile khng lin quan g n bn
gc, n -c coi nh- mt khi (block) c km theo mt khung hnh ch nht bao
quanh. C th dng lnh Explode bung ra, cc i t-ng thnh phn u bin
thnh Polyline, k c khung.
+ Cc lnh hiu chnh nh- Mirror, copy, rotate, scale, move, cc lnh i
vi khi trong Express u c th thc hin vi Metafile.
+ AutoCAD xut bn v ra d-i dng Metafile, lm gim dung l-ng b
nh rt nhiu so vi 1 file .DWG sau chn vo mt cch d dng. Xem phn
xut bn v d-i dng cc tp tin d liu khc ti phn 2 ca ch-ng ny.
IV.1.5 Lnh Insert OLE object...

Cng dng
Chn cc i t-ng ca cc phn mm khc vo bn v d-i dng nhng kt.
Dng lnh
Trnh n: Insert OLE Object..
Trnh n: insertobj
Gii thch
Hp thoi xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip

La chn:
Create New - S dng phn mm chn to i t-ng hon ton mi.
Ti khung lit k Object Type, dng con tr di chuyn thanh tr-t xem danh
sch cc kiu i t-ng. Th d c cc kiu:
- AutoCAD Drawing
Bn v AutoCAD.
- Bitmap Image
Bn nh.
- Mirosoft Document
Vn bn ca WinWord.
- Microsoft Picture
Bc tranh.
.......
Kiu i t-ng no -c chn th phn mm t-ng ng -c khi ng. Khi kt
thc cng vic ti phn mm (Exit), i t-ng -c lp tc gn vo bn v d-i
dng nh.
Create from File - Chn mt tp kt qu -c l-u tr ca phn mm khc vo
bn v.
Hp thoi xut hin:
Nhn nt Browse.. hin hp thoi m tp tin.

Nu dng la chn Link, th tp tin ngun phi lun c mt ti -ng dn -c
chn ging nh- vi Xref.
Nu dng la chn Display as Icon, th i t-ng khng hin ra, ch c biu
t-ng ca phn mm -c -a vo.
i t-ng gn vo cng d-i dng nh.
IV.2 Xut bn v d-i dng cc tp tin dng

chung vi cc phn mm khc
IV.2.1 Lnh Export...
Cng dng
Xut bn v ra cc tp tin c phn m rng thuc cc nhm dng chung cho mt
s phn mm khc nhau .
Dng lnh
Nguyn Vn Thip

Trnh n: File Export
Dng lnh: export
Gii thch
Hp thoi xut hin:
Ti File name g tn tp tin cn l-u tr.

Ti File of type, dng chut nhn vo nt chn cc kiu tp tin.
Cc loi tp tin ca cc phn mm nhsau:
3D DWF -- AutoCAD drawing web format file (c th ra lnh bng cch g
DWFOUT) xut bn v d-i dng web, ng-i dng vo Internet m xem
v c th gi tp tin cho ng-i khc qua mng, nh-ng khng th ti tr li
AutoCAD -c.
3D Studio file (3DSOUT)
SAT -- ACIS solid object file (ACISOUT)
STL -- Solid object stereo-lithography file (STLOUT)
Cc dng lit k trn dng cho cc phn mm x l nh khng gian 3 chiu.
BMP -- Device-independent bitmap file (c th ra lnh bng cch g BMPOUT t
bn phm) xut ra 1 file nh.
EPS -- Encapsulated PostScript file (c th ra lnh bng cch g PSOUT t bn
phm) xut ra 1 file nh dng cho cc phn mm x l Vect ha.
DWG -- AutoCAD drawing file (c th ra lnh bng cch g WBLOCK) y chnh
l lnh WBLOCK.
DXF -- AutoCAD R14 drawing interchange file (c th ra lnh bng cch g
DXFOUT)
DXF -- AutoCAD R13/LT95 drawing interchange file (c th ra lnh bng cch g
DXFOUT)
DXF -- AutoCAD R12/LT2 drawing interchange file (c th ra lnh bng cch g
DXFOUT)
DXX -- Attribute extract DXF file (c th ra lnh bng cch g ATTEXT)
Nguyn Vn Thip

WMF -- Windows Metafile (c th ra lnh bng cch g WMFOUT).
IV.2.2 Dng lnh Copy - Paste ca h thng

Nh- trn ni trong bt k phn mm no chy trn h iu hnh Windows u
c mc trnh n Edit. Trong Edit c Copy v Paste. Lnh Copy ny khc lnh Copy
trong trnh n Modify ca AutoCAD ch, cc i t-ng -c copy bng lnh h
thng -c l-u ti b nh ca my tnh, bt k phn mm no dng lnh Paste trn
trnh n Edit cng c th -a i t-ng ny vo s dng.
Da vo tnh nng trn, chng ta xut cc i t-ng ca AutoCAD v dn vo
cc phn mm khc theo qui trnh sau:
1- Khi ng AutoCAD, dng lnh Copy chp i t-ng vo b nh.
2- Khi ng phn mm cn dn i t-ng. V d Excel, WinWord, Photoshop
v.v...
3- Dng lnh Paste dn nhng i t-ng vo.
Nguyn Vn Thip
Ch-ng 5
B cc, to khung in bn v
V.1 To cc tp tin mu
Trong AutoCAD c cc tp tin khun mu sn theo cc tiu chun ca n-c
ngoi. Cc tp tin ny c phn m rng l *.DWT. Cc tp tin mu ny th-ng cha
cc hnh to khung bn v, khung tn v cc ci t n v o, cc kiu ch, kiu ghi
kch th-c, kh giy...theo cc tiu chun quc t. Cc tp tin khun mu to sn ca
AutoCAD t trong thmc ..\TEMPLATE.
Tn mt s dng bn v mu theo cc tiu chun nhsau:
Acad.dwt
bn v mu mc nh ca AutoCAD, chng ta vn th-ng dng
khi bt u khi ng.
Acadiso.dwt bn v mu theo tiu chun ISO.
Ansii_e.dwt
bn v mu theo tiu chun ANSII.
.......
Din_a4.dwt
bn v mu theo tiu chun DIN c cc kh giy t A4 n A0.
.........
Iso_a4.dwt
bn v mu theo tiu chun ISO c cc kh giy t A4 n A0.
......
Jis_a4.dwt
bn v mu theo tiu chun Nht bn c cc kh giy t A4
n A0, khung tn bng ch Nht.
Chng ta cng c th to ra nhng tp tin mu theo tiu chun cc bn v chun
ca Vit Nam.
V.1.1 S dng cc tp tin bn v mu sn c

1- Dng lnh New
Khi ra lnh, hp thoi xut hin:
Nguyn Vn Thip
Ti File of type chn *.dwt, trn hp thoi s hin bng lit k danh sch cc
tp tin mu nh- trnh by trn. Dng con tr chn tp tin cn thit v nhn Open.
2- Dng lnh Open
Hp thoi xut hin vi -ng dn ti ni l-u tr cc bn v thng th-ng DWG.
Ti File of type chn *.dwt, hp thoi s hin bng lit k danh sch cc tp
tin mu nh- trnh by trn. Dng con tr chn tp tin cn thit v nhn Open.
Sau dng lnh Save as l-u tr thnh tp tin bn v *.dwg v c th dng
nh- bnh th-ng.
V.1.2 To tp tin mu cho ring mnh

Dng tt c cc ci t cn thit to ra cc lp, kiu ch, kiu ghi kch
th-c, v khung, khung tn c attribute v.v.... sau dng lnh Save as l-u tr
d-i dng *.dwt ti thmc ring hoc ti ..\template ca AutoCAD.
Hp thoi ca lnh Save as hin ra.
Ti File of type chn Drawing Template File (*.dwt).
Ti File name cho tn bn mu.
Nhn Save kt thc lnh.
V.2 S dng Model Space v Paper Space

AutoCAD to ra -c hai khng gian cha bn v l khng gian m hnh
(Model) v khng gian giy (Paper - layout). Khng gian m hnh l khng gian 3
chiu (X,Y,Z), khng gian giy l khng gian 2 chiu (X,Y). Hai khng gian ny khng
th hin th cng lc trn mn hnh. Chng ta c th kt hp hai khng gian ny to
khung bn v v b tr cc hnh trong bn v mt cch khoa hc, ng cc tiu chun
k thut ra.
Nguyn Vn Thip
V.2.1 Khng gian v ca AutoCAD

1- MSPACE (Model Space) - khng gian vt th
Trong khng gian ny bn c th v hai chiu (2D) hoc ba chiu (3D). Mn
hnh vng hnh v (Graphic Window) c h to nh- hnh d-i.
Mn hnh th-ng trc ca AutoCAD l khng gian ny. Ti y chng ta vn v

v to ra khung bn v, khung tn, cc hnh trch nh- bnh th-ng.
2- PSPACE (Paper Space - Layout) - khng gian giy
Khng gian ny dng -a bn v vo kh giy in. Trong khng gian ny bn
ch c th v -c cc hnh hai chiu (2D). C th dng khng gian ny v khung
tn, t chc sp xp bn v v ghi cc tiu cho cc khu vc ca bn v.
Nguyn Vn Thip

3- Lnh chuyn i gia hai khng gian - TILEMODE
Cng dng
Chuyn i ch mn hnh gia khng gian vt th (Model) v khng gian giy
v (Layout).
dng lnh
Nhn nt Model hoc Layuot d-i y mn hnh
Dng lnh: tilemode
gii thch
Khi ra lnh trn dng lnh, dng nhc xut hin:
New value for TILEMODE <1>: cho gi tr 0 hoc 1.
0
Bt ch khng gian giy v (Layout).
1
Bt ch khng gian vt th (Model).
Mn hnh t ng chuyn sang ch chn.
V.2.2 Lnh VIEW

Cng dng
t tn cho cc ca s (Views) l-u tr cc khu vc -c ch nh ca bn v
theo cc ch tu chn. Cc khu vc ny c th thuc MODEL hoc LAYOUT.
Dng lnh:
Trnh n: View Named Views
Dng lnh: view hoc ddview
gii thch:
Khi ra lnh bng Menu hoc g ddview, hp thoi xut hin.
Hp thoi 2007:
Nguyn Vn Thip

Hp thoi 2005:
Trong AutoCAD 2007, nhn chn Model Views hoc Layout Views xc nh
khng gian lm vic.
Cc nt khc trong hp thoi:
Set Current:
lm hin ca nhn (View) c tn -c nh du.
Delete:
xo tn View khi danh sch.
Update Layers: cp nht cc lp.
Edit Boundaries: sa bin giica nhn.
New:
to ca nhn (View) mi.
1- To ca nhn mi
Khi nhn nt New, hp thoi tip theo:
Nguyn Vn Thip

View name:
t tn ca ca nhn.
Current Display: chn vng bn v ang hin th trn mn hnh.
Define Window:
vng bn v -c chn theo s xc nh ca ng-i dng.
Nhn chut vo nt
, tr li mn hnh v, chn hnh trn bn v bng ca s.
Nhn OK tr li hp thoi chnh. Ti hp thoi chnh Apply, kt thc to mt ca
nhn, nhn OK kt thc lnh.
2- sa v cp nht ca nhn
Khi to ca nhn, khi ra lnh View, hp thoi -c kch hot y .
Ti y c th thay i cc thng s cho mt ca nhn hoc thm ca nhn mi.
V.2.3 Lnh MVIEW

cng dng
To cc khung ca s ng nm v tr bt k trong khng gian giy (Layout).
Mun thc hin lnh ny, tr-c ht phi chuyn sang khng gian giy Layout tilemode.
dng lnh
Trnh n: View Viewport 1 viewport
Dng lnh: mv
gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Specify corner of viewport or
[ON/OFF/Fit/Shadeplot/Lock/Object/Polygonal/Restore/2/3/4] <Fit>:
Ti y c cc ph-ng n to khung nhn sau:
Nguyn Vn Thip

1- Nhn hai im to thnh ca s hnh ch nht.
2- G P (Polygonal), nhn chut to thnh a gic.
3- G O (Object), chn i t-ng l cc hnh v t tr-c nh- hnh ch nht,
a gic u, hnh trn, enlp, a tuyn khp kn.
Khi to xong Viewport, c bn v t ng -a vo khung nhn theo t l TL =
Bk/Bv hoc Hk/Hv
Trong Bk, Hk: chiu di v chiu rng khung nhn.
Bv, Hv: chiu di v chiu rng bn v.
Cc la chn khc c ngha nhsau:
ON
hnh v -c -a vo khung nhn.
OFF
hnh v khng -c -a vo khung nhn.
2/3/4
s cc ca s trong khung nhn.
r (Restore)
khi phc li khung nhn. Khi chn dng nhc tip theo:
?/Name of window configuration to insert <*ACTIVE>: cho tn ca nhn cn
-a vo hoc g ENTER chp nhn ca s cha ton b bn v 2 chiu. Ca s
y l ca s -c l-u tr bng lnh VPORTS tc l cc im nhn trong khng gian 3
chiu.
f (Fit):
-a ton b bn v vo mt khung nhn va kht vi mn hnh hin
ti.
V.2.4 Lnh MVSETUP

Cng dng
Thit lp s trao i gia khng gian vt th v khng gian giy. To cc khung
ca s ng trong khng gian giy cha cc khung nhn (View) ca khng gian vt th
theo mt t l do ng-i dng t.
dng lnh
Dng lnh: mvsetup
gii thch
Khi ang ch Model, dng nhc xut hin:
Enable paper space? [No/Yes] <Y>: g Y chuyn sang khng gian giy Layout.
Tip theo dng nhc xut hin:
Enter an option [Align/Create/Scale viewports/Options/Title block/Undo]: Chn
cc ph-ng n:
C (Create) - to khung nhn mi, ging nh- lnh Mview.
Enter option [Delete objects/Create viewports/Undo] <Create>: cho
cc ph-ng n.
D (delete objject) : xo khung nhn c.
U (undo):
khng thc hin Create.
(ENTER): to khung nhn mi, xut hin dng nhc tip theo:
Available Mview viewport layout option: Cc dng ca nhn:
0:
None
khng to ca nhn.
1:
Single
ch c mt ca nhn.
2:
Std.Engineering
theo tiu chun bn v k thut.
3:
Array of Viewports
dy cc khung ca nhn.
Nguyn Vn Thip

Chn s 1:
Boundaring area for viewport.<First pint>: cho to im th nht ca khung
nhn.
Other point: im th hai.
Sau khi cho 2 im, to -c khung nhn hnh ch nht.
Chn s 2: dng cho khng gian 3 chiu.
To 4 ca s tiu chun: phi cnh, hnh chiu bng, chiu cnh, chiu ng.
Boundaring area for viewport.<First pint>: cho to im th nht ca khung
nhn.
Other point: im th hai.
Distance between viewports in X<0.000>: khong cch gia cc khung nhn theo
trc X.
Distance between viewports in Y<0.000>: khong cch gia cc khung nhn theo
trc Y.
Chn s 3: to ra dy cc ca s c kch th-c ging nhau.
Boundaring area for viewport.<First pint>: Cho to im th nht ca khung
nhn.
Other point:
im th hai.
Number viewport in X <1>: s cc khung nhn dc theo trc X.
Number viewport in Y <1>: s cc khung nhn dc theo trc Y.
Distance between viewports in X<0.000>: khong cch gia cc khung nhn theo
trc X.
Distance between viewports in Y<0.000>: khong cch gia cc khung nhn theo
trc Y.
S (Scale viewport)
Select object: chn khung nhn cho t l. Nu chn nhiu khung nhn, xut
hin dng nhc:
Interactivily/<Uniform>: chn t l cho tng khung nhn.
U (Uniform)
tt c cc khung nhn c cng mt t l.
I (Interactivily)
ln l-t cho t l tng khung mt.
Number of paper space units <1.0>: cho s n v trn giy N1
Number of model space units <1.0>: cho s n v trn bn v N2
Hnh v -c -a vo khung nhn theo t l: TL = N1/N2.
A (Align) Chnh v tr vt th trn cc khung nhn khc nhau.
Angled/Horizontal/Vertical alignment/Rotate view/Undo:
H hoc V chnh theo ph-ng nm ngang hoc thng ng:
Base point:
cho im c s.
Other point:
cho im khc, ti khung nhn khc.
A (Angled):
gc nghing.
R (Rotate view): to gc nhn nghing trong mt khung nhn.:
Base point:
cho im c s.
Angle frombase point: cho gc lch so vi im c s.
O (Option): chn cc c tnh ca bn v -a vo khung nhn.
Set Layer/LImits/Units/Xref:
L (Layer) chn thuc tnh lp.
LI (Limts) chn thuc tnh limits.
U (Units) chn n v.
Nguyn Vn Thip

X (Xref)
chn bn chn lm nn.
T (Title block) chn khi khung tn c sn theo tiu chun Anh-M vo bn v.
Delete object/Origin/Undo/<Insert title block>:
(ENTER): chn khung tn.

Available title block options:
Cc loi khung tn c th chn bng cch g cc m ca cc khung giy
ti dng nhc:
Add/Delete/Redisplay/<Number of entry to load>: cho m s ca kh giy.
D (delete) Xo khi khung tn c.
Select object: chn i t-ng xo.
O (origin) Chn im t chn khung tn vo.
New origin point for this sheet: Cho to im gc mi.
V.2.5 S dng cc lnh View, Mview, Mvsetup sp

xp bn v
Nh- chng ta bit, trong AutoCAD chng ta c th v mi bn v, cm cc chi
tit theo cc ph-ng php sau:
1- V theo t l 1:1 in theo t l m:n.
2- V theo t l m:n in theo t l 1:1.
3- V theo t l m:n in theo t l p:q.
Trong mi tr-ng hp, t l bn v lun bng t l v nhn vi t l in
(=mxp/nxq).
Trong mc ny chng ti -a ra ph-ng php kt hp gia khng gian vt th v
khng gian giy, t chc, sp xp -c mt bn v p, ng tiu chun k thut
m li tn t cng sc.
1- V hon ton trong khng gian vt th
i vi nhng bn v kch th-c nh, ng b, t phc tp c th v ton b hnh,
khung tn, tiu chun k thut v.v... trong khng gian vt th (MSPACE) nh- chng ta
vn lm.
2- V kt hp hai khng gian
i vi nhng bn v kch th-c ln, c nhiu cm chi tit vi nhiu t l khc
nhau c th s dng c hai khng gian v v b tr sao cho thun li khi in ra giy.
C th tm tt nhsau:
V tt c cc hnh, cc cm chi tit trong khng gian vt th theo t l 1:1.
V khung bn v theo c giy cn in, khung tn, cc dng tiu trong khng
gian giy (Layout) theo ng kch th-c tht s in ra.
To cc khung (khu vc) trong khung bn v theo tng cm chi tit v nh t l
ca cm khi in ra giy.
In bn v theo t l 1:1.
Tun th theo cc b-c trn chng ta v mt bn v thc hnh sau:
B-c 1:
Ti khng gian m hnh (Model) v tt c cc cm chi tit theo t l 1:1, ch-a ghi
kch th-c.
Dng lnh VIEW t tn ca nhn cho tng cm chi tit.
Nguyn Vn Thip
B-c 2
Chuyn sang khng gian giy - Layout.
Ti khng gian ny v khung bn v, khung tn. Trong v d ny khung bn v l
A0. Khung tn cng v theo t l 1:1.
a- Dng lnh MVIEW to 3 khoang cha hnh v ca 3 ca nhn to trong
Model.
Lc ny ti tt c cc khoang u c cha ton b hnh ca bn v.
b- Dng lnh VIEW t V1, V2, V3 vo cc khung nhn va to.

Ti hp thoi:
Nguyn Vn Thip
Chn tn ca nhn V1, nhn Set Current, nhn OK, quay tr ra mn hnh khng
gian giy.
Dng nhc Select Object: chn vo -ng bao ca khung nhn th nht.
Hnh ca V1 -c hin va kht vo khung chn.
Tip tc cho khung th 2, th 3.
Kt qu nh- hnh d-i.
B-c 3:
Dng lnh MVSETUP nh t l cho cc khung nhn.
Ti dng nhc:
Enter an option [Align/Create/Scale viewports/Options/Title block/Undo]: g s
cho t l.
Nguyn Vn Thip

Select Object: chn vo -ng bao ca khung th nht.
Number of paper space units <1.0>: g s 1
Number of model space units <1.0>: g s 2
Nh- vy t l cho cm chi tit trong khung th nht s l 1:2.
T-ng t vi cc khung nhn khc.
B-c 4:
Ghi kch th-c cho tng cm chi tit ti cc khoang khc nhau.
a- Ti hp thoi DIMSTYLE chn cc tham s hp l v nhn ON nt
b- Chuyn sang LAYUOT, dng con tr nhn p vo mt khung nhn, s t

ng chuyn sang ch Model.
Ghi kch th-c cho cc i t-ng cn thit cho tt c cc khung nhn.
c- Chuyn sang PSPACE (LAYOUT). Ghi cc dng ch hoc ch thch vo bn
v. Kt qu ti tt c cc khoang, vi mi t l, cm kch th-c v ch ghi
ch c kch th-c bng nhau.
To mt lp (Layer) v d "boview", cha cc khung vin ca khoang nhn v

tt lp ny. Khi bn v hon chnh ch in ra giy.
In ra giy theo t l 1:1.
Nguyn Vn Thip
V.2.6 Lnh VPLAYER

Cng dng
iu khin lp ca tng khung nhn ring bit (View Port Layer) trong trong
khng gian giy v (Layout).
dng lnh
Dng lnh: vplayer
gii thch
Dng nhc xut hin:
Enter an option [?/Freeze/Thaw/Reset/Newfrz/Vpvisdflt]: chn cc la chn bng
cc ch ci:
? Lit k cc lp b lm ng cng trong mt khung nhn (Vport) m ta s chn.
Select a viewport:
chn khung nhn.
F (Freeze) lm ng mt hoc nhiu lp trong mt hoc nhiu khung nhn.
Layer(s) to freeze:
cho tn lp cn lm ng. Nhiu lp th cch nhau
bng du phy.
All/Select/<Current>: chn cc khung nhn.
A (All)
chn tt c cc khung nhn ang c trong bn v.
S (select) chn trc quan trn mn hnh, dng nhc ph:
Select object:
chn khung nhn.
C (Current) chn khung nhn hin hnh.
T (Thaw) lm tan ng mt hoc nhiu lp trong mt hoc nhiu khung nhn.
Layer(s) to thaw:
cho tn lp cn lm tan. Nhiu lp th cch nhau bng
du phy(,).
All/Select/<Current>: Chn cc khung nhn.
A (All)
chn tt c cc khung nhn ang c trong bn v.
Nguyn Vn Thip

S (select) chn trc quan trn mn hnh, dng nhc ph:
Select object:
chn khung nhn.
C (Current) chn khung nhn hin hnh.
V (Vpvisdft) (Vport visibility default): thay i gi tr mc nh v s hin th
(Freeze/Thaw) cho cc khung nhn mi to sau cc la chn Freeze/Thaw
trn.
Layer name(s) to change default viewport visibility: tn lp cn thay i
hin th mc nh trn cc khung nhn.
Change default viewport visibility to Freeze/<Thaw>: chn F hoc T.
R (Reset) thit lp li s hin th cc lp theo mc nh ca la chn Vpvisdft
N (Newfrz) to lp mi, lp ny ng cng trong tt c cc khung nhn.
New viewport frozen layer name(s): tn lp mi cn to. Nhiu lp cch
nhau bng du phy (,).
------- Ht -------
Nguyn Vn Thip

AutoCAD 2007 Nâng Cao

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

AutoCAD 2007 Nâng Cao

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ks.

Autocad 2d nng cao

CAD / CAM CENTRE

tr-ng i hc giao thng vn ti

trung tm cng ngh cad/cam

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

Gii thiu chung

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

Tnh hung v cc tham bin lin quan

I.1 Mn hnh giao din

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

Cch x l: Dng lnh Menu g t bn phm. Hp thoi xut hin:

1- Ti Files of Type, nhn chn theo cc phin bn sau:

I.1.2 Cho mt phng v chim ton b mn hnh

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

I.1.3 Kho cc thanh cng c ti v tr hin hnh

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

I.1.4 Gn dng lnh (Command Lines) vo y mn hnh

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

Khi dng lnh ang nm trong mn hnh v, mun -a v y mn hnh, phi

+ Nhn tri chut vo u thanh lnh v di chuyn xung y mn hnh.

I.1.5 Cho n, hin vng dng lnh Command Lines

+ C nh du ch cho m mt bn v duy nht.

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

+ Khng nh du m nhiu bn v mt lc.

I.2 t cc tham bin h thng

I.2.1 Cho php nhp chut p sa cc i t-ng

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

cho php nhy p sa i t-ng.

2- Dng trn dng lnh

I.2.2 Cc thit lp khi nhn phi chut vo i t-ng

nhy phi chut hin trnh n ng.

AutoCAD 2D nng cao

2- Dng trn dng lnh

I.2.3 Tham bin Highlight

10 AutoCAD 2D nng cao

Show text boundary frame only

I.2.5 Selections chn i t-ng

AutoCAD 2D nng cao 11

Cc nt chn c tc dng sau:

Use Shift to Add to Selection:

Press and Drag:

I.2.6 Lnh Viewres

12 AutoCAD 2D nng cao

2- Dng trn dng lnh

I.3 Cc tin t ca lnh v lnh ngoi

I.3.1 Hu b (Undefine) v khi phc (Redefine) tn lnh

AutoCAD 2D nng cao 13

I.3.2 Lnh bt u bng du chm (.) tr-c tn lnh

I.3.3 Lnh c du ' tr-c tn lnh

14 AutoCAD 2D nng cao

I.3.4 Lnh ngoi - External commands

AutoCAD 2D nng cao 15

, chn cc ph-ng n nh-

Cc la chn c cng dng sau:

B- dng trn dng lnh

I.4 Khi bn v l b xa hoc khng m -c

16 AutoCAD 2D nng cao

I.4.1 Dng tp tin *.sv$

I.4.2 Dng tp tin *. bak khi phc

AutoCAD 2D nng cao 17

I.4.3 Lnh Recover

18 AutoCAD 2D nng cao