INSTRUCTION MANUAL

FOR
MODEL U-2810 SPECTROPHOTOMETER
(MAINTENANCE MANUAL)

Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation

Copyright

Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation 2003.

All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.

Part No. 122-9905 TS-K (HT-HMS042068)

PREFACE
Thank you very much for your purchase of Hitachi Model
U-2810 Spectrophotometer.
The spectrophotometer is intended for use by persons having a
basic knowledge of chemical analysis. Remember that
improper use of analytical instruments, chemicals or samples
would result not only in wrong analytical data but also in
consequences adverse to safety.
Before using the instrument, be sure to read through this
instruction manual to enable correct use.

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This instruction manual consists of the following two manuals.
Instruction Manual for Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer;
Maintenance Manual (Part No. 122-9905)
Instruction Manual for Hitachi Spectrophotometer Series;
UV Solutions Program Operation Manual (Part No. 134-9010)
The above manuals describe the operating instructions and
precautions for the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer.
Before using the instrument, be sure to read through this
instruction manual. First of all, read SAFETY SUMMARY
included at the beginning of this manual for ensuring safety in
operation of the spectrophotometer main unit.
For operation, refer to the UV Solutions program manual.

-1-

IMPORTANT
PRECAUTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE INTERFERENCE
1.

Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference Caused by This Instrument

When this instrument is used in a residential area or an adjacent
area thereto, it may cause interference to radio and television
reception.
To prevent this, use the specified system connection cables in
strict accordance with the instruction manual. The instrument is
designed to minimize possible electromagnetic wave
interference caused by it if the specified cables are connected
properly.
However, there is no guarantee that electromagnetic wave
interference will not be caused by the instrument. If the
instrument does cause interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning off and on the
instrument, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
Increase separation between the instrument and radio/TV
receiver.
Connect the instrument to an outlet on a circuit different from
that to which the radio/TV receiver is connected.

2.

Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference Affecting This Instrument

If this instrument is used near an intense electromagnetic source,
interference noise may be given to the instrument to incur an
adverse effect on its performance or functionality.
To prevent this, use the specified system connection cables in
strict accordance with the instruction manual. The instrument is
designed to minimize possible electromagnetic wave
interference affecting it if the specified cables are connected
properly.
However, there is no guarantee that electromagnetic wave
interference will not occur in this instrument. If the instrument
does incur electromagnetic wave interference, which can be
determined by turning on and off possible sources of
electromagnetic wave interference nearby, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:

IMPORTANT - 1

 Reorient the instrument.

Increase separation between the instrument and possible
sources of electromagnetic wave interference.
Increase separation between the power cable of the
instrument and possible sources of electromagnetic wave
interference.
Connect the instrument to an outlet on a circuit different from
that to which possible sources of electromagnetic wave
interference are connected.
Confirm that any other device connected with the instrument
is not affected by electromagnetic wave interference.

WARRANTY ON PRODUCT
The Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer is warranted to operate
according to the specifications given in the instruction manual,
provided it is used in accordance with the instructions described
in the manual.
(1)

Scope of Warranty
The instrument will be repaired without charge if it
malfunctions due to a defect in workmanship during the
warranty period.
Note that a substitute part may be used for repair, or
replacement with an equivalent product may be made
instead of repair.
Such system components as a personal computer and
printer to be updated frequently for improvement may not
be available in original versions at the time of replacement.
The instrument which was discarded or resold without
consulting Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation,
consumables and parts having a limited period of guarantee
are excluded from this warranty.

(2)

Warranty Period
One year from the date of initial installation

(3)

Limitations and Exclusions on Warranty

Note that this warranty is void in the following cases even
during the warranty period.

IMPORTANT - 2

(a) Failure due to operation at a place not meeting the

installation requirements specified by Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation
(b) Failure due to power supply voltage/frequency other
than specified by Hitachi High-Technologies
Corporation or due to abnormality in power supply
(c) Corrosion or deterioration of the tubing due to
impurities contained in reagent, gas, air or cooling
water supplied by the user
(d) Corrosion of the electric circuits or deterioration of the
optical elements due to highly corrosive atmospheric
gas
(e) Failure due to use of hardware, software or spare parts
other than supplied by Hitachi High-Technologies
Corporation
(f) Failure due to improper handling or maintenance by
the user
(g) Failure due to maintenance or repair by a service
agent not approved or authorized by Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation
(h) Failure due to relocation or transport after initial
installation
(i) Failure due to disassembly, modification or relocation
not approved by Hitachi High-Technologies
Corporation
(j) Failure due to acts of God, including fire, earthquake,
storm, flood, lightning, social disturbance, riot, crime,
insurrection, war (declared or undeclared), radioactive
pollution, contamination with harmful substances, etc.
(k) Failure due to computer virus infection
HITACHI MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN, INCLUDING
WITHOUT LIMITATION THEREOF, WARRANTIES AS TO
MARKETABILITY, MERCHANTABILITY, FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE OR USE, OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF ANY
PATENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL HITACHI BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
OF ANY NATURE, OR LOSSES OR EXPENSES RESULTING
FROM ANY DEFECTIVE PRODUCT OR THE USE OF ANY
PRODUCT. NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION OR
ADVICE GIVEN BY HITACHI, ITS DEALERS, DISTRIBUTORS,
AGENTS OR EMPLOYEES SHALL CREATE A WARRANTY OR
IN ANY WAY INCREASE THE SCOPE OF THIS WARRANTY.

IMPORTANT - 3

Hitachi assumes no liability for damage to data or

application software due to failure of this instrument.
(4)

Written Guarantee
The written guarantee on this instrument shall not be
reissued. Keep it in a safe place.

INSTALLATION, RELOCATION AND AFTER-SALE TECHNICAL SERVICE

Installation of this instrument shall be carried out by or under
supervision of qualified service personnel of Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation or its authorized service agent.
Before installation of the instrument, the user shall make
preparations for satisfying the installation requirements in
accordance with the instruction manual.
If relocation of the instrument becomes necessary after initial
installation (delivery), please notify your local sales
representative or nearest service office of Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation.

DISPOSAL OF THIS INSTRUMENT

When disposing of this instrument, make sure to check the latest
issues of the relevant laws and regulations or consult your local
Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation service office.

TECHNICAL SEMINARS AND TRAINING COURSES FOR USERS

Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation offers technical seminars
and training courses at its own facilities or at the users site and
facilities to ensure proper and safe operations of the analytical
instrument to its full performance. For further information,
contact your sales representative. (Applicants will be charged.)

IMPORTANT - 4

OTHER PRECAUTIONS
1.

2.

3.

Handling of Chemicals and Samples

(1)

The user is responsible for following relevant legal

standards and regulations in handling, storage and
discarding of chemicals and samples used in analytical
operations of this instrument.

(2)

Reagents, standard solutions and accuracy-control samples

shall be handled, stored and discarded as instructed by the
respective suppliers.

Notice on Instruction Manuals

(1)

Information contained in the instruction manuals furnished

with the instrument is subject to change without notice for
product improvement.

(2)

This manual is copyrighted by Hitachi High-Technologies

Corporation with all rights reserved.

(3)

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in

any form or by any means without the express written
permission of Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation.

Trademark Acknowledgments
Microsoft Windows XP operating system, Microsoft Excel
and Microsoft Word are registered trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation, USA.

IMPORTANT - 5

SAFETY SUMMARY
PRECAUTIONS ON SAFETY
Before using the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer, be sure to
read the following safety instructions carefully.

General Safety Guidelines

Follow all the operating procedures provided in this manual.
Installation and maintenance of the product shall be carried
out by service personnel qualified therefor.
Be sure to observe the warnings indicated on the product and
in the instruction manual. Failure to do so could result in
personal injury or damage to the product.
The hazard warnings which appear on the warning labels on
the product or in the manual have one of the following alert
headings consisting of an alert symbol and signal word
DANGER, WARNING or CAUTION.
DANGER

: Indicates an imminently hazardous

situation which, if not avoided, will result
in death or serious injury.
(This warning does not apply to this
product.)
WARNING : Indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, can result
in death or serious injury.
CAUTION : Indicates a hazardous situation which,
if not avoided, will or can result in minor
or moderate injury, or serious damage to
the product.
: Precedes every signal word for hazard
warnings, and appears in safety-related
descriptions in the manual.

NOTICE and NOTE are heading words which do not concern

personal safety directly.

SAFETY - 1

SAFETY SUMMARY
General Safety Guidelines (Continued)
NOTICE :
NOTE

Used to indicate an instruction for preventing

damage to the product.
Used to indicate an instruction for ensuring
correct use of the product and accurate analysis
therewith.

Do not modify the product, replace parts that are not

user-serviceable, use non-specified parts, nor remove safety
devices, as it could be hazardous.
Installation at delivery, maintenance and relocation should be
referred to service personnel qualified by Hitachi.
Do not perform any operation or action other than described
in the instruction manual. When in doubt, please contact
your local Hitachi sales representative or nearest Hitachi
service office.
When using a chemical for analytical operation, be sure to
provide proper ventilation in the laboratory room as per local
requirements. Inadequate ventilation could endanger human
health.
Keep in mind that the hazard warnings in the manual or on
the product cannot cover every possible case, as it is
impossible to predict and evaluate all circumstances
beforehand. Be alert and use your common sense.

SAFETY - 2

SAFETY SUMMARY
This instruction manual contains the following cautionary
instructions.

WARNING

Electric shock upon contact with hazardous voltage

(500 V)
Contact with the D2 lamp power supply voltage (500 V) may
cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury.
Before replacing the D2 lamp, make sure that the POWER
switch of the spectrophotometer main unit is turned OFF.
(Section 5)
Electric shock upon contact with hazardous voltage
(100 V)
Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may also
cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury.
Before connecting the power cord, make sure that the
POWER switch of the spectrophotometer main unit is turned
OFF.
(Section 1)

CAUTION

Burns upon contact with high temperature

The D2 and WI lamps reach a high temperature and can burn
you if touched.
Before replacing or adjusting the lamp, turn off the POWER
switch and wait until the lamp cools down sufficiently.
(Section 5)
Fatigue due to long use
Operation while watching the display in the same posture for
long hours may cause fatigue to accumulate in your eyes
and/or body. During long use, it is recommended to take a
10 to 15-minute break every hour for health reasons.

SAFETY - 3

SAFETY SUMMARY
REMARKS ON SAFETY OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER
(1)

Electricity
(a) Make sure that the power supply to the
spectrophotometer is 100 V AC, 1 kVA or more (50 or
60 Hz). Fluctuation in voltage or noise on the power
line would not only affect the spectrophotometer main
unit adversely but also cause an accident.
(b) Be sure to provide grounding connection along with
power connection. Make sure that the
spectrophotometer is grounded at a grounding
resistance of 100 or less.
If grounding is improper, the spectrophotometer is
easily affected by external noise and floating voltage
generated in it endangers physical safety.
(c) High-voltage circuits are used inside the
spectrophotometer. Do not open covers during
operation unless absolutely necessary.

(2)

Flame
Avoid smoking or using a flame near the
spectrophotometer.

(3)

Data Backup
Data may become unusable due to instrument failure or
malfunction.
It is recommended to transfer data on the hard disk to a
floppy disk periodically. The transfer of data is called
backup.
To avoid malfunction, always reserve a free space of
100 MB or so on the hard disk as a working area for
application software.

SAFETY - 4

SAFETY SUMMARY
(4)

Computer Virus
If programs or data is suddenly destroyed, if an unexpected
operation takes place or if an abnormal display appears on
the screen, your personal computer may have been
infiltrated by a computer virus. The computer virus is a
rogue program that secretly invades a personal computer
and operates it willfully while destroying memorized data.
A program for eliminating the virus is called a vaccine
program.
Possible causes of virus infection are:
Downloading a virus-laden program through
communication
Using a floppy disk or other exchangeable storage
medium infected by a virus.
Note also that a virus is transmitted from one personal
computer to another via communication or storage
medium. So avoid using a program or storage medium
that is suspected of containing a virus.
Carry out check using a vaccine program if there is a
possibility of virus infection. Note, however, that some
kinds of vaccine programs cannot eradicate particular
viruses. In such a case be sure to make a backup of
hard disk files beforehand.
The user is requested to prepare a vaccine program and
carry out virus elimination on his or her own
responsibility.

(5)

Power Failure
On occurrence of power failure or momentary power
voltage drop due to lightning, the personal computer used
with the instrument may become faulty or the system
software, application software or data may be damaged.
For protection against momentary power voltage drop, it is
recommended to use an AC uninterruptible power supply
unit.

SAFETY - 5

SAFETY SUMMARY
(6)

Personal Computer
If the personal computer is powered off during access to the
hard disk or floppy disk, the personal computer may
become faulty or the data or software stored in it may be
destroyed. To power off the personal computer, be sure to
terminate the spectrophotometer control and data
processing program (US Solutions program) and then take
the shutdown procedure through the system software.

SAFETY - 6

SAFETY SUMMARY
Warning Labels
The warning labels shown below are attached to the Model
U-2810 Spectrophotometer.
(1)

Dangerous Voltage (500 V)

High voltage: 500V

Can cause fatal or
serious injury.
Before removing light source
cover, turn power switch off,
Never release safety
mechanism inadvertently.

Light source compartment

(2)

Dangerous Voltage (100 V)

High voltage: 100V

Can cause fatal or
serious injury.
Before removing light source
cover, turn power switch off,
Never release safety
mechanism inadvertently.

Side of spectrophotometer main unit

(3)

High Temperature

High temperature
can cause burns.
Light source lamp and lamp chamber
remain hot for a while even after
Power-off.
Before lamp replacement, turn
power off and wait at least
20 minutes.
134-1973

Light source compartment

SAFETY - 7

CONTENTS
PREFACE ........................................................................................................................... 1
ABOUT THIS MANUAL ...................................................................................................... 1
IMPORTANT .................................................................................................IMPORTANT-1
PRECAUTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC
WAVE INTERFERENCE ...................................IMPORTANT-1
1. Possible Electromagnetic Wave
Interference Caused by This Instrument.......IMPORTANT-1
2. Possible Electromagnetic Wave
Interference Affecting This Instrument ..........IMPORTANT-1
WARRANTY ON PRODUCT.............................IMPORTANT-2
INSTALLATION, RELOCATION AND
AFTER-SALE TECHNICAL SERVICE .............IMPORTANT-4
DISPOSAL OF THIS INSTRUMENT.................IMPORTANT-4
TECHNICAL SEMINARS AND TRAINING
COURSES FOR USERS ...................................IMPORTANT-4
OTHER PRECAUTIONS ...................................IMPORTANT-5
1. Handling of Chemicals and Samples ............IMPORTANT-5
2. Notice on Instruction Manuals.......................IMPORTANT-5
3. Trademark Acknowledgments ......................IMPORTANT-5
SAFETY SUMMARY ..................................................................................... SAFETY-1
PRECAUTIONS ON SAFETY.................................. SAFETY-1
General Safety Guidelines................................. SAFETY-1
REMARKS ON SAFETY OF
SPECTROPHOTOMETER ...................................... SAFETY-4
(1) Electricity....................................................... SAFETY-4
(2) Flame ............................................................ SAFETY-4
(3) Data Backup ................................................. SAFETY-4
(4) Computer Virus ............................................. SAFETY-5
(5) Power Failure................................................ SAFETY-5
(6) Personal Computer ....................................... SAFETY-6
Warning Labels.................................................. SAFETY-7

-i-

1.

INSTALLATION (reference information for user)................................................. 1-1

1.1
Unpacking ............................................................... 1-1
1.2
Power Requirements.............................................. 1-2
1.2.1 Power Supply Voltage.................................. 1-2
1.2.2 Frequency .................................................... 1-2
1.2.3 Power Capacity............................................ 1-2
1.2.4 Grounding Line ............................................ 1-2
1.3
Installation Conditions........................................... 1-3
1.3.1 Installation Area ........................................... 1-3
1.3.2 Withstanding Load ....................................... 1-3
1.3.3 Environmental Conditions ............................ 1-3
1.4
Check of Contents.................................................. 1-5
1.5
Assembly ................................................................ 1-5
1.6
Connection of Cords .............................................. 1-6
1.7
Confirmation of Voltage and Fuse ........................ 1-7
1.8
Connection of Power Cord and
Grounding Wire ...................................................... 1-9
1.9
Connection of Printer............................................. 1-10
1.10 Checkup after Installation and Assembly ............ 1-10
1.11 Turning On Power .................................................. 1-11
1.12 Installation of UV Solutions Program ................... 1-11
1.13 Shutdown of Instrument ........................................ 1-12

2.

FUNCTION ............................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1
Instrument Configuration ...................................... 2-1
2.2
Name and Function of Each Part .......................... 2-2
2.3
Application.............................................................. 2-4
2.4
Operating Principle ................................................ 2-6
2.4.1 Optical System............................................. 2-6
2.4.2 Signal Processing and Control System........ 2-6
2.5
Proper Use of Spectrophotometer........................ 2-8
2.5.1 Selection of Solvent ..................................... 2-8
2.5.2 Special Samples .......................................... 2-8
2.6
Measurement Function .......................................... 2-9
2.6.1 Measurement Mode ..................................... 2-9
2.6.2 Quantitative Calculation ............................... 2-9
2.6.3 Wavelength Scan......................................... 2-10
2.6.4 Time Scan.................................................... 2-10
2.6.5 Secondary Data Processing ........................ 2-10
2.6.6 Baseline Correction...................................... 2-11
2.6.7 Automatic Calibration and Self-diagnosis .... 2-11
2.7
Specifications ......................................................... 2-12

- ii -

3.

INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION ................................................................................ 3-1

3.1
Introduction ............................................................ 3-1
3.2
Zero %T Measurement ........................................... 3-2
3.3
Wavelength Calibration ......................................... 3-2
3.4
System Baseline Measurement............................. 3-3

4.

MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION ....................................................................... 4-1

4.1
Introduction ............................................................ 4-1
4.2
Self-diagnosis and Automatic Adjustment .......... 4-1
4.3
Check of Specified Performance .......................... 4-1
4.3.1 Wavelength Accuracy .................................. 4-1
4.3.2 Spectrum Band Width .................................. 4-4
4.3.3 Baseline Flatness......................................... 4-4
4.4
Periodical Maintenance ......................................... 4-7
4.4.1 Cleaning of Sample Compartment............... 4-7
4.4.2 Cleaning of Sample Compartment
Window Plate ............................................... 4-9
4.5
Check of Lamp ON Time ........................................ 4-10
4.6
Storage .................................................................... 4-11
4.6.1 After Completion of Measurement ............... 4-11
4.6.2 When Unused for a Long Time .................... 4-11
4.7
Troubleshooting Table........................................... 4-12

5.

REPLACEMENT PARTS ......................................................................................... 5-1

5.1
Introduction ............................................................ 5-1
5.2
Consumables and Spare Parts.............................. 5-1
5.3
Replacement of Light Source Lamp ..................... 5-2

INDEX......................................................................................................................INDEX-1

- iii -

1.1

1. INSTALLATION
(reference information for user)
The instrument is installed by service personnel qualified by
Hitachi.
The following description is included as reference information for
the user (reference information on system configuration, etc.).

1.1

Unpacking
Unpack the shipping crate, carefully take out the
spectrophotometer and place it on a table.
Take utmost care when taking out the instrument.
Figure 1-1 shows the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer.
The figure is applicable to other models as well.
Data processing
unit

Fig. 1-1

NOTICE:

Spectrophotometer
main unit

Mode U-2810 Spectrophotometer

The light source switching mirror is fastened

with a sponge during transport. Before use,
detach the light source cover and remove the
sponge.

1-1

1.2

Power Requirements

1.2

Power Requirements

1.2.1

Power Supply
Voltage

Rated voltage:

1.2.2

Frequency

Rated frequency:

1.2.3

Power Capacity

200 VA or more (excluding power for computer and printer)

For use with a personal computer, printer and other peripheral
devices, it is recommended to provide a power capacity of
500 VA or more.

1.2.4

Grounding Line

Grounding resistance:

100, 115, 220, 230 or 240 V AC

Allowable fluctuation is within 10% of the rated
voltage.
50 or 60 Hz
Allowable fluctuation is within 0.5 Hz of the
rated frequency.

1-2

100 or less

1.3.1

1.3

Installation Area

Footprint:

1120 (W) mm 760 (D) mm or more

Spectrophotometer

575

440

Personal
computer
(CPU)

100 170

760

50

1.3.1

Installation Conditions

Keyboard

470

50

505

50

1120

Fig. 1-2

Installation Area

1.3.2

Withstanding
Load

Select a level surface capable of withstanding a weight of

29.0 kg or more.

1.3.3

Environmental
Conditions

(1)

Operating Temperature:

5 to 35 C

For measurement under the most stable conditions, it is

recommended to install the instrument in a room which is
air-conditioned at 20 to 25 C.
(2)

Operating Humidity:

(3)

Storage Temperature:

(4)

Atmosphere

45 to 85%
-20 to 70 C

The installation room should be free from the following.

Acidic, alkaline and other gases which may corrode
metals significantly
Gaseous organic solvents (particularly benzene and
thinner) which may dissolve paint

1-3

1.3

Installation Conditions

(5)

Other General Precautions

(a) The instrument should not be exposed to direct
sunlight. Avoid a position near a window.
(b) The instrument should be free from noticeable vibration
or shock.
(c) There should be no heat source such as a gas burner,
electric heater, oven, etc. near the instrument to
prevent the main unit cover being heated (to 70 C or
more).
(d) The instrument should not be located near a device
producing a strong electric/magnetic field (electric
welding machine, high-frequency electric furnace or
pole transformer for example).
(e) The installation site should be free from excessive dust.
(f)

The instrument should be free from abrupt variation in

power supply voltage.

(g) Avoid frequently turning on/off an electric motor not

provided with a noise suppressor (of a stirrer, vibrator,
etc.) on the power line connected with the
spectrophotometer.
NOTICE:

The optical system is very delicate.

The control unit incorporates parts constructing
a high-density electronic circuit which functions
as a computer.
So careful consideration should be given to the
above items.

1-4

1.4

1.4

Check of Contents
Upon completion of unpacking, check the contents against the
packing list. If any part is missing or damaged, or if you have a
question, then contact your local Hitachi sales representative.

1.5

Assembly

WARNING
Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause
an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury.
Do not connect the power cord to the outlet until the
assembly work is finished.

The light source switching mirror in the light source compartment

is fastened with a sponge to prevent it from moving during
transport. Remove the sponge in the following procedure.
(1)

Detach the light source cover.

(2)

Remove the sponge.

(3)

Attach the light source cover.

1-5

1.6

1.6

Connection of Cords

Connection of Cords
Connect cords as in Fig. 1-3.

WARNING
Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause
an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Make
sure the power switch is OFF before the cable connection,
and connect the power cord last.

To AC power supply

Communication cable

Printer cable
COM 1

Printer
Printer

RS-232C
Spectrophotometer main unit

Fig. 1-3

1-6

PC

Connection of Cords

1.7

1.7

Confirmation of Voltage and Fuse

WARNING
Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause
an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury.
Before checking the voltage and fuse, make sure the
power cord is disconnected.

Confirm the power supply voltage and the usable voltage of the
spectrophotometer, which is indicated near its power plug.
NOTICE:

When 100 or 115 V is indicated, the instrument

is unusable on a 200 V power line.
Voltage changeover is required inside the
spectrophotometer. The same is true for use
on a 100 V power line when a 200 V line is
indicated.

Fuse holder

Fig. 1-4

1-7

Power Unit (U-2810)

1.7

Confirmation of Voltage and Fuse

Confirmation of Fuse
Make sure that the capacity of the fuse meets the line voltage
to be used.
Table 1-1
Model
U-2810

Voltage

Fuse Capacity

100 V line (100, 115 V)

200 V line (220, 230, 240 V)

3.15 A (time lag)

1-8

Part No.
J821336

1.8

1.8

Connection of Power Cord and Grounding Wire

WARNING
Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause
an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury.
Make sure the power switch is OFF, and connect the
power cord of the spectrophotometer main unit after all
other connections.

(1)

Plug the power cord securely into the connector of the main
unit.

(2)

When using a plug adapter or table tap, securely connect

its grounding wire to the grounding terminal.

Power outlet

Grounding
terminal
Spectrophotometer
Grounding resistance:
100 or less
Grounding wire
(green)
Underground
75 cm or more
underground
300 mm

Power cord

Copper plate
10 mm
2 mm
COMMON
W

COMMON
(WHITE)

HOT
S

GROUND
(GREEN)

GROUND

HOT
(BLACK)

HOT
S

Fig. 1-5

COMMON
GROUND

Grounding Connection
1-9

1.9

1.9

Connection of Printer

Connection of Printer
Use a printer which is compatible with the Windows XP.
Printer connection differs depending on the model of printer.
Connect the printer with reference to the instruction manual
furnished with it.
NOTE: The printer and printer cable should be prepared
separately.

1.10

Checkup after Installation and Assembly

Upon completion of installation and assembly, check the
following items.
(1)

Check if the installation site is normal.

(2)

Check if the sponge for transport is removed from the light

source switching lever.

(3)

Check if the power supply voltage is confirmed and set

properly.

(4)

Check if the power cord is connected properly.

Check if the grounding wire is connected as specified.

(5)

Check if the connection cord is properly connected between

the spectrophotometer main unit and data processing unit.

(6)

Check if the printer is installed and connected properly.

(7)

Check if there is any obstacle which cuts off the light beam
in the sample compartment of the spectrophotometer.
Check if there is any other abnormality in the sample
compartment.

1 - 10

1.11

1.11

Turning On Power
Turn on the power supply in the following procedure.

1.12

(1)

Turn on the power switch of the printer.

(2)

Turn on the power switch of the spectrophotometer main

unit.

(3)

Turn on the power switch of the LCD monitor.

(4)

Turn on the power switch of the personal computer.

Installation of UV Solutions Program

Refer to Section 1 in the operation manual.

1 - 11

1.13

1.13

Shutdown of Instrument

Shutdown of Instrument
Upon completion of measurement, shut down the instrument in
the following procedure.
(1)

From the File menu, select the Exit command.

Fig. 1-6

Select Yes, and the UV Solutions program will then be

terminated.
(2)

Turn off the POWER switch of the spectrophotometer main

unit.

(3)

Click the Start button of the Windows XP, and select Shut
Down Windows. In the Shut Down Windows dialog box,
select Shut down the computer? and click Yes.

(4)

Power off the personal computer and CRT monitor.

(At step (3), the personal computer may be turned off in
some settings.)

(5)

Power off the printer.

1 - 12

2.1

2.
2.1

FUNCTION

Instrument Configuration
This instrument consists of the spectrophotometer main unit and
data processing unit.
Figure 2-1 shows the appearance of the instrument .

Data processing unit

(personal computer)

Fig. 2-1

Spectrophotometer
main unit

Appearance of Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer

2-1

2.2

2.2

Name and Function of Each Part

Name and Function of Each Part

The spectrophotometer main unit is composed of the light source,
monochromator, sample compartment, detector, mechanical
system and electrical system for control.
Figures 2-2 through 2-4 show the name and function of each part.
(1) Sample
compartment

(2) RUN lamp

Fig. 2-2 Appearance of Model U-2810

Spectrophotometer Main Unit

(1) Sample Compartment

In this compartment, set a sample to be measured. In the
standard configuration, 10 mm rectangular cell holders are
prepared. A solvent should be set at the reference side
(rectangular cell holder at the rear) and a sample to be
measured at the sample side (rectangular cell holder at the
front) normally.
(2)

RUN Lamp
Indicates whether the computer incorporated in the
spectrophotometer main unit is running normally or not.
Under the condition that the internal computer is normal,
this lamp comes on a few seconds after the POWER switch
is turned on and remains on until it is turned off.
If the lamp turns off or blinks, it means occurrence of an
abnormality in the internal computer. In this case, turn the
POWER switch off and then on again. If the lamp remains
off or blinking, take a proper countermeasure referring to
4.7.

2-2

2.2

(4) PC connector

(3) ACC connector

Left side of main unit

(toward front)

Fig. 2-3 Left Side of Model U-2810

Spectrophotometer Main Unit

(3)

ACC connector (I/O)

Used for input/output of signals for control of the auto
sampler (separately available) or any other external device.

(4)

PC connector (RS-232C)
Used for communication with the personal computer.

Main unit left side

(toward rear)

(5) POWER switch

Fig. 2-4

(5)

POWER switch
Power switch of the spectrophotometer main unit.
Power is supplied by turning on this switch.

2-3

2.3

2.3

Application

Application
The spectrophotometer is utilized for absorption analysis of liquid,
solid and gaseous samples in the ultraviolet-visible region.
Figure 2-5 shows the scheme of Bouguer-Beers law.
In this scheme, a monochromatic beam with intensity I0 travels
through a liquid phase having concentration c and optical path
length l, which results in the intensity of monochromatic beam
decreasing to It.
With respect to the initial intensity I0 and attenuated intensity It of
monochromatic beam, the following equation (1) can be set up.
It/I0 = 10-c l = t ..................................................(1)
where, is a constant known as absorptivity, which varies
according to the sample.
Equation (1) represents the Bouguer-Beers law, and t indicates
a transmittance which is often expressed as t 100 = T (%T).
Also, the common logarithm of inverse transmittance can be
expressed as follows:
Log (1/t) = cl = E............................................(2)
where, E is called absorbance (Abs).
Absorbance E is proportional to concentration c and is a unit of
measurement indispensable for quantitative analysis.
With this spectrophotometer, transmittance mode and
absorbance mode are available.
It is advisable for the first-time user of the spectrophotometer to
read through the JIS K 0015 Absorptiometric Analysis Procedural
Standards (1973).

2-4

2.3

Optical path length

l

Transparent cell

Liquid
lt

l0

Concentration
c

Fig. 2-5

2-5

Bouguer-Beers Law

Monochromatic
beam

2.4

Operating Principle

2.4
2.4.1

2.4.2

Operating Principle
Optical System

Signal
Processing and
Control System

Figure 2-6 shows the optical system of the Model U-2810

Spectrophotometer.
The white light emitted from the light source is fed to the SeyaNamioka mount monochromator utilizing a concave diffraction
grating (with a grating constant of 1/600 mm, a blaze wavelength
of 250 nm and a diffraction area of 20 mm 25 mm), where it is
transformed into a monochromatic beam. The beam sent from
the monochromator passes through the filter, is reflected by the
toroidal mirror, and is then separated into reference beam and
sample beam by the grating mirror.
The two beams which have passed through the sample
compartment are focused by lenses and irradiated into the
detectors, where they are converted into electric signals.
This optical system has the following features.
(1)

The Seya-Namioka mount optical system utilizing Hitachis

reputable concave diffraction grating realizes a
monochromator featuring a high energy efficiency and a low
stray light level.

(2)

The beam is separated by using a grating mirror rather than

a rotating mirror like in the conventional double beam
spectrophotometer. This structure serves to eliminate the
moving parts, thus realizing a stable and reliable
monochromator.

(3)

The optical systems at the sample beam and reference

beam sides are absolutely the same, thus enabling
acquisition of stable data.

The electric signal converted from an optical signal is amplified,

A/D-converted and then LOG- converted with software to provide
absorbance data. The result of measurement is output to the
monitor and printer (see Fig. 2-7).

2-6

2.4.2

Toroidal
diffraction
grating

D2 lamp

Exit slit

Condensing
mirror

Entrance
slit
WI lamp

Filter

Plane
mirror

Detector 2
Reference
side

Half
mirror

Toroidal
mirror
Detector 1

Plane
mirror

Sample
side

Monochromator

Lens 1

Sample
compartment

Fig. 2-6

Spectrophotometer Main Unit

Monochromator/
mechanism

Lens 2

Optical System

Detector

Reference
beam

Log amplifier
Amplifier

Sample
beam

Signal Processing and Control Unit

MPU

A/D
converter
(16 bits)

l/O, l/F

Bus line
External I/F

ROM

RAM

l/O, l/F

RS-232C

Battery
Input/Output Devices

Printer

Fig. 2-7

Computer

Optional accessory
(auto sipper for
example)

Signal Processing and Control System

2-7

2.5

Proper Use of Spectrophotometer

2.5
2.5.1

Proper Use of Spectrophotometer

When selecting a solvent for sample preparation, keep the
following requirements in mind.
Small absorption in measurement wavelength range
Non-interactive with solute
Low volatility

Selection of
Solvent

Table 2-1 lists the applicable wavelength ranges of common

organic solvents.
Table 2-1 Applicable Wavelength Ranges
(indicated by solid lines)
Wavelength
Solvent

200 nm

Cyclohexane

200 nm

Ethyl alcohol

220 nm

Methyl alcohol

220 nm

Ethyl ether

220 nm

Dioxane

220 nm

Hexane

220 nm

Chloroform

250 nm

Isopropyl alcohol

250 nm

Acetic acid

250 nm

Ethyl acetate

270 nm

Carbon tetrachloride

275 nm

Benzene

280 nm

340 nm

Acetone

380 nm

Carbon disulfide

Special Samples

400 nm

335 nm

Methyl ethyl ketone

2.5.2

300 nm

Note that equations (1) and (2) in 2.3 are not applicable to the
following special samples.
Fluorescing sample
Appreciably turbid sample
In measurement of a solid sample such as glass plate, the
energy of beam radiation undergoes a loss due to reflection on
the surface of solid substance. In this case, the following
equation is set up.
It/I0 = 10-cl - r....................................................(3)
where, r varies according to the substance.
2-8

2.6.1

2.6

Measurement Function

2.6.1

Measurement
Mode

With the UV Solutions program, the following measurement

modes are available.
Quantitative calculation
Wavelength scan
Time scan

2.6.2

Quantitative
Calculation

The spectrophotometer has a function to prepare a calibration

curve and calculate the concentration.
(1)

Preparation of Calibration Curve

(a) Up to 20 standards can be measured. A calibration
curve is prepared by connecting the obtained values
with polygonal lines, or a regression line is prepared
using least-squares calculation. It is also possible to
measure each standard up to 20 times and prepare a
calibration curve based on the obtained average
values.
(b) A calibration curve can be redrawn by remeasuring a
particular standard.
(c) It is possible to display a calibration curve on the
screen and read out a value of each point using the
cursor.
(d) A calibration curve can be output to the printer.
(e) A calibration curve can be drawn by entering its factor
value.
(f)

The result of measurement and a calibration curve are

displayed on the same screen. It is therefore possible
to carry out measurement while observing the
calibration curve.

(g) According to the coefficient of determination calculated

automatically, judgment can be made on the degree of
matching between standard values and a calibration
curve.
(h) It is possible to prepare a calibration curve by using
two/three-wavelength calculation.

2-9

2.6

Measurement Function

(2)

Statistic Calculation
Mean value, standard deviation (SD)

(3)

2.6.3

2.6.4

Judgment of Upper and Lower Limits

Wavelength Scan (1) The scan speed is settable in a range of 10 to 3600 nm/min.

Time Scan

(2)

Photometric values can be printed out at intervals of a

specified wavelength.

(3)

%T, Abs, E (S), E (R) data modes are available for

measurement.

(1)

Photometric values are printed out at intervals of a specified

period.

(2)

The result of rate calculation is displayed/printed.

(3) The measurement time is settable in a range of 60 to 99999.

2.6.5

Secondary Data
Processing

Measurement result data can be saved, and a variety of

processings can be carried out on saved data.
Automatic reading of data
The cursor is indicated on the currently displayed spectrum.
The photometric value at the cursor position can be read out.
Peak detection
The peak and valley of the currently displayed spectrum are
detected automatically.
Rescaling
A measured spectrum can be enlarged or reduced by
changing the ordinate and abscissa scales.
Smoothing
A measured spectrum can be smoothed for elimination of
noise components.
Derivative
Spectral derivative can be performed. It is allowable to
specify the derivative order, smoothing order and number of
data.

2 - 10

2.6.6

Spectrum calculation
Fundamental arithmetic operations can be made on spectra,
and multiplication can be performed using a multiple of a
coefficient of displayed spectrum.
File conversion
Data can be converted into the ASCII text file or JCAMP-DX
file.
Display/print font
The font, style and size of characters to be displayed/printed
can be changed as desired.

2.6.6

Baseline
Correction

The baseline is saved in backup RAM of the spectrophotometer

main unit, and thus is not erased even when the power is turned
off.
System baseline
User baseline

2.6.7

Automatic
Calibration and
Self-diagnosis

The spectrophotometer is provided with the following calibration

and self-diagnosis functions.
Memory (ROM/RAM) check
Wavelength drive mechanism check
Lamp ON check
Automatic wavelength calibration function
The wavelength is automatically calibrated with reference to
the bright line of the D2 lamp.

2 - 11

2.7

2.7

Specifications

Specifications
Table 2-2 shows the specifications of the Model U-2810.

Table 2-2

Specifications of Model U-2810

Monochromator
Wavelength range
Spectral bandpass
Stray light
Wavelength accuracy
Wavelength setting
reproducibility
Measurement mode
Photometric range
Photometric accuracy
(checked with NIST 930)
Photometric reproducibility

Baseline flatness
Baseline stability
Noise level
Response
Scan speed
Light source
Light source switching
Sample compartment
Detector
Dimensions
(spectrophotometer main unit)
Weight
Power source
Power consumption

Hitachi high-resolution concave diffraction grating

Seya-Namioka mount, double beam
190 to 1100 nm
2 nm
0.05% or less
(220 nm for NaI, 340 nm for NaNO2)
0.3 nm
0.1 nm
Abs, %T, E (S), E (R)
Abs :
-2 to 3 Abs
%T :
0 to 300%T
0.002 Abs (0 to 0.5 Abs)
0.004 Abs (0.5 to 1.0 Abs)
0.008 Abs (1.0 to 2.0 Abs)
0.3%T
0.001 Abs (0 to 0.5 Abs)
0.002 Abs (0.5 to 1.0 Abs)
0.004 Abs (1.0 to 2.0 Abs)
0.1%T
0.002 Abs (200 to 950 nm)
Within 0.0003 Abs/hr (2 hours after power on)
Within 0.0003 Abs (Abs = 0, 500 nm)
Fast, medium, slow
10, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1200, 2400, 3600 nm/min
Deuterium lamp, tungsten iodide lamp
Automatic switching linked with wavelength
Switching wavelength: Optionally selectable in a
range of 325 to 370 nm
Beam spacing: 100 mm
120 (W) 300 (D) 140 (H) mm
Silicon photodiode
505 (W) 575 (D) 225 (H) mm
29 kg
100/115/220/230/240 V, 50/60 Hz
200 VA

2 - 12

3.1

3.
3.1

INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION

Introduction
This section describes how to calibrate the instrument.
0%T measurement is intended for calibration in the ordinate
direction.
Wavelength calibration is intended for calibration in the abscissa
direction.
Zero %T measurement must be carried out in the following cases.
For accurate measurement of a sample high in absorbance
(low in transmittance)
When an error message Calibrate! appears as shown in
Fig. 3-1

Error message

Fig. 3-1

NOTICE:

Before carrying out instrument calibration, wait

until the spectrophotometer is fully stabilized (at
least 2 hours after turning on power).
Conduct instrument calibration in the order of
zero %T measurement, wavelength calibration
and baseline measurement (system).

3-1

3.2

3.2

Zero %T Measurement

Zero %T Measurement
This is a function for correcting the 0%T line. For zero %T
measurement, take the following procedure.
From the Spectrophotometer menu, click the Zero %T command.

Fig. 3-2

3.3

Wavelength Calibration
For wavelength calibration, use the bright line (656.1 nm) of the
D2 lamp (light source lamp).
Make sure that there is nothing in the sample compartment, and
securely close the sample compartment lid. After that, click the
Calibrate Wavelength command from the Spectrophotometer
menu.
Wavelength calibration is then carried out automatically.

3-2

3.4

3.4

System Baseline Measurement

The system baseline can be memorized in the following
procedure.
(1)

Make sure that there is nothing at the sample side and

reference side of the cell holder. Then, click the Record
Baseline command from the Spectrophotometer menu.
The window shown in Fig. 3-3 then appears.

Fig. 3-3

(2)

Record Baseline

Select System and click the OK button. Set the

parameters as shown below and save the baseline.
Parameter
Start WL (nm)
End WL (nm)
Scan speed (nm/min)
Response
WI lamp
D2 lamp

3-3

Setting for
U-2810
1100
190
200
Medium
On
On

4.3.1

4.
4.1

MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION

Introduction
The spectrophotometer requires maintenance. This section
gives information on daily inspection and diagnosis functions.

4.2

Self-diagnosis and Automatic Adjustment

The spectrophotometer conducts self-diagnosis when the power
switch is turned on. It is also possible to check the instrument
performance. Refer to the following section.

4.3
4.3.1

Check of Specified Performance

Wavelength
Accuracy

Check the wavelength accuracy in the procedure given below

under the condition that the following preparations have been
made.
(a) The spectrophotometer is powered on.
(b) The computer is powered on.
(c) Initialize the spectrophotometer to call up the
measurement window.
If these preparations cannot be made, then refer to Section 3.
(1)

Open the Analysis Method window by clicking the Analysis

Method command from the Edit menu.

(2)

Select Wavelength scan in the Measurement field on the

General tab page.

(3)

Set the parameters on the Instrument tab page as shown in

Table 4-1.

4-1

4.3

Check of Specified Performance

Table 4-1

Instrument Tab

Parameter

Setting

Data mode
Start Wavelength (nm)
End Wavelength (nm)
Scan speed (nm/min)
Response
Baseline correction
Delay (s)
Zero measurement before
each run
Lamp source
Lamp change
Replicates
Path length

(4)

D2 only
340
1
10

Set the parameters on the Monitor tab page as shown in

Table 4-2.
Table 4-2

Monitor Tab

Parameter

Setting

Max
Min
Open data processing
window after acquisition
Open data processing
window after
acquisition(Overlay)
Print report after data
acquisition
Overlay

(5)

E(S)
660
650
100
Fast
System
0
Off

100
0
On
Off
Off
Off

Set the parameters on the Processing tab page as shown in

Table 4-3.
Table 4-3

Processing Tab

Parameter
Average Replicate
Processing choices
Peak Finding
Threshold (Abs)

4-2

Setting
- (masking)
None
Romberg
0.001

4.3.1

(6)

Set the parameters on the Report tab page as shown in

Table 4-4.
Table 4-4
Parameter
Include data
Include method
Include graph
Include peak table
Include data listing

Report Tab
Setting
On
On
On
On
Off

(7)

Make sure that there is nothing at the sample side and

reference side of the cell holder, and securely close the
sample compartment lid.

(8)

Click the Measure button or select the measurement

command from the Spectrophotometer menu.

(9)

After completion of measurement, a spectrum is displayed.

Check the peak value in the peak table. If the peak value
is in a range of 655.8 to 656.4 nm, the wavelength accuracy
is normal. If the peak value is out of the range, proceed to
the next step.

(10) Select the Calibrate Wavelength command from the

Spectrophotometer menu.
(11) After execution of wavelength calibration, retry
measurement. If the peak value is out of the normal range,
then contact Hitachi service office.
(12) The analytical parameters can be stored as an analysis
method file. When they are stored, you can proceed to
measurement just by calling out the file.

4-3

4.3

Check of Specified Performance

Spectrum Band
Width

Check the spectrum band width in the following procedure.

(1)

Utilize the spectrum acquired in 4.3.1.

(2)

Determine the wavelength width (half value width) of the

acquired spectrum at the portion where the peak height is
1/2 of the maximum height. If the width is in a range of
1.0 to 1.5 nm for the Model U-2810, it is normal. If the
width is out of the range, then execute wavelength
calibration and retry measurement for check.

Energy

4.3.2

A
2

Wavelength
Half value width

Fig. 4-1

(3)

4.3.3

Baseline
Flatness

Check of Spectrum Band Width

If the specified performance is not obtained, contact Hitachi

High-Technologies Corporation service office.

The baseline flatness includes baseline drift and noise.

Before checking the baseline flatness, warm up the instrument
sufficiently (for 2 hours or more after turning on power).
(1)

Open the Analysis Method window by clicking the Analysis

Method command from the Edit menu.

(2)

Select Wavelength scan in the Measurement field on the

General tab page.

(3)

Set the parameters on the Instrument tab page as shown in

Table 4-5.

4-4

4.3.3

Table 4-5

Instrument Tab

Parameter

Setting

Data mode
Start Wavelength (nm)
End Wavelength (nm)
Scan speed (nm/min)
Response
Baseline correction
Delay (s)
Zero measurement before
each run
Lamp source
Lamp change
Replicates
Path length

(4)

Abs
950
200
400
Medium
User
0
Off
Auto
340
1
10

Set the parameters on the Monitor tab page as shown in

Table 4-6.
Table 4-6

Monitor Tab

Parameter

Setting

Max
Min
Open data processing window
after acquisition
Open data processing window
after acquisition(Overlay)
Print report after data acquisition
Overlay

(5)

-0.005
+0.005
On
Off
Off
Off

Set the parameters on the Processing tab page as shown in

Table 4-7.
Table 4-7

Processing Tab

Parameter
Average Replicate
Processing choices
Peak Finding
Threshold (Abs)

4-5

Setting
- (masking)
None
Rectangular
0.001

4.3

Check of Specified Performance

(6)

Set the parameters on the Report tab page as shown in

Table 4-8.
Table 4-8
Parameter
Include data
Include method
Include graph
Include peak table
Include data listing

Report Tab
Setting
On
On
On
Off
Off

(7)

Make sure that there is nothing at the sample side and

reference side of the cell holder, and securely close the
sample compartment lid.

(8)

Click the Measure icon or select the measurement

command from the Spectrophotometer menu.

Flatness

Noise

Fig. 4-2

Check of Baseline Flatness

The baseline flatness is normal if within 0.002 Abs in a

range of 200 to 950 nm.
Note that a large disturbance in the vicinity of 340, 390, 600
or 780 nm is caused by a shock at switching of the light
source or filter. Such disturbance should therefore be
excluded from the baseline flatness.
If the baseline flatness is out of the above range, retry
measurement for check. If the specified performance is
not obtained, then contact Hitachi service office.
(9)

The analytical parameters can be stored as an analysis

method file. When they are stored, you can proceed to
measurement just by calling out the file.

4-6

4.4.1

4.4
4.4.1

Periodical Maintenance
Cleaning of
Sample
Compartment

The sample compartment is susceptible to contamination. It is

recommended to clean the sample compartment if sample is spilt.
Remove each part in the procedure given in Figs. 4-3 to 4-6.
The washed sample compartment should be dried sufficiently
and then assembled.

Fig. 4-3

Detachment of Sample Compartment Lid

(1) Completely loosen the retaining

screw with the furnished bladeedged screwdriver.

Rectangular cell holder

(2) Remove the cell holder by
lifting the back of the sample
compartment.

Fig. 4-4

Removal of Rectangular Cell Holder

4-7

4.4

Periodical Maintenance

Remove the retaining

screw with the furnished
Phillips screwdriver.

Holder base

Fig. 4-5

Detachment of Holder Base

Specimen chamber
bottom plate
Detach the bottom
plate by lifting it.

Fig. 4-6

Detachment of Specimen Chamber Bottom Plate

4-8

4.4.2

4.4.2

Cleaning of
Sample
Compartment
Window Plate

If the transparent window of the sample compartment is

contaminated, detach and clean the window. Before cleaning,
wash your hands thoroughly. Then, wipe off contaminants
using a soft paper or cloth soaked with alcohol and ether solution
(mixed at a ratio of 1 to 1).
If it is difficult to detach the transparent window, use adhesive
tape as shown in Fig 4-7.
NOTICE:

When setting the transparent window back to the

sample compartment, take care not to leave
fingerprints on the window.

Adhesive tape
Black window frame
(Pull it forward with tweezers)

Optical axis

Transparent
window

Window frame

Spring

Fig. 4-7 Detachment of Sample Compartment

Window Plate

4-9

4.5

4.5

Check of Lamp ON Time

Check of Lamp ON Time

It is possible to monitor the cumulative turn-on time of the WI/D2
lamp. This function is provided with the Model U-2810
Spectrophotometer.
For check, select the Lamp Usage command from the
Spectrophotometer menu.

Fig. 4-8

Lamp Usage

For lamp replacement, refer to 5.3.

After lamp replacement, click Reset for each lamp.

4 - 10

4.6.1

4.6
4.6.1

4.6.2

Storage
After Completion
of Measurement

When Unused
for a Long Time

(1)

Turn off the POWER switch and pull out the plug from the
power outlet.

(2)

Put the cover of proper size on the instrument.

(1)

The instrument must be free from high temperature (70 C

or more), low temperature (-20 C of less), high humidity
(80% or more) and vibration.

(2)

Be sure to put the cover on the instrument.

(3)

Prevent acidic, alkaline and other harmful gases from

flowing into the instrument.

(4)

When moving the instrument to the storage area, it is

necessary to fasten the light source switching mirror.
The instrument may develop trouble due to shock or
vibration if moved without fastening the mirror. To fasten
the mirror, reverse the procedure for removal of fastening
parts for transport.

(5)

Avoid a location where a magnetic field is produced.

(6)

Avoid a dusty environment.

(7)

Avoid direct sunlight.

4 - 11

4.7

4.7

Troubleshooting Table

Troubleshooting Table
If any abnormality is found, refer to the following troubleshooting
table.
Symptom

1
2

3
4
5

Cause

Remedy

RUN lamp fails to come

on when POWER switch
is turned on.
Calibrate! appears on
screen.

Fuse is blown.

Replace fuse.

Peak wavelength has not

been found.

D2 lamp! or WI lamp!
appears on screen.
Error message appears
on screen.
Variation in displayed
data is too large.

Lamp filament is
disconnected.
Misoperation

Turn off the power switch.

Make sure that no sample is
placed in the sample
compartment. Then turn on the
power switch again and see if
the error display goes off.
Execute the zero %T
measurement and calibrate
wavelength. Contact the
nearest Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation agent
if the error message is displayed
again.
Replace lamp.

a. Lamp is deteriorated.
b. Lamp is contaminated
with fingerprints.
c. Cell or window plate is
contaminated with dust
or water drops.

4 - 12

Operate correctly according to

message.
a. Replace lamp.
b. and c.
Eliminate fingerprints, dust or
water drops.

5.1

5.
5.1

REPLACEMENT PARTS

Introduction
Several consumables are used in the spectrophotometer.
To minimize non-availability time of the spectrophotometer, it is
advisable to keep necessary spare parts at hand.

5.2

Consumables and Spare Parts

The following parts are consumables. To prepare spare parts,
contact your local Hitachi sales representative or nearest Hitachi
service office.
WI lamp............P/N 122-2301
D2 lamp ............P/N 122-2300

Guaranteed Life of Lamp

Guaranteed
Time
WI Lamp
D2 Lamp

1000 h
350 h

5-1

Guaranteed Period
6 months after delivery to user
6 months after delivery to user

Part No.
122-2301
122-2300

5.3

5.3

Replacement of Light Source Lamp

Replacement of Light Source Lamp

WARNING
Cautions on lamp replacement!
The power voltage (500 V) of the D2 lamp could cause
an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury.
Before replacing the lamp, make sure power switch of
the instrument is OFF and power cord is disconnected.
D2 and WI lamps reach a high temperature and could
cause serious burns if touched. Prior to lamp
replacement, wait at least 20 minutes for lamp to cool
down after turning OFF power switch.
When attaching a new lamp, be sure to wear clean
gloves so as not to leave fingerprints on the lamp.
Dont leave fingerprints on the projecting part of the D2
lamp.
When checking lamp ignition after its replacement, do
not gaze directly at the lamp. Attach the light source
cover and observe the lamp from a distance.

For lamp replacement, take the following procedure.

(1)

Turn off the power switch. After that, wait for about 20
minutes until the lamp assy cools down sufficiently.

(2)

Remove the screw P from the side of the light source cover,
and detach the cover.

Screw P

Fig. 5-1

5-2

Light Source Cover

5.3

(3)

Replacement of WI Lamp
Loosen and pull out the retainer spring. Push in a new
lamp to the extreme end of the lamp holder.

WI lamp

Fig. 5-2

(4)

Replacement of WI Lamp

Replacement of D2 Lamp
(a) Pull out the D2 Lamp connector.
(b) Hold the metal part of the D2 lamp and turn it
counterclockwise until it is separated from the lamp
holder.

D2 lamp

Fig. 5-3

5-3

Connector

Replacement of D2 Lamp

5.3

Replacement of Light Source Lamp

(c) Attach a new D2 lamp by reversing the procedure

described above.
(d) Plug in the D2 lamp connector as shown in Fig. 5-4.

Fig. 5-4

(5)

Put back the light source cover.

5-4

INDEX
A
ASCII text file ....................................................................... 2-11

B
Baseline flatness ........................................................... 2-12, 4-4
Baseline stability .................................................................. 2-12
Bouguer-Beers law................................................................ 2-4

C
Check of contents .................................................................. 1-5
Check of specified performance............................................. 4-1
Cleaning of sample compartment .......................................... 4-7
Consumables ......................................................................... 5-1
Control system ....................................................................... 2-6

D
Data mode............................................................................ 2-10
Derivative ............................................................................. 2-10

E
Error message........................................................................ 3-1
Exit ....................................................................................... 1-12

F
File conversion ..................................................................... 2-11
Frequency .............................................................................. 1-2
Fuse ....................................................................................... 1-7

H
Half value width...................................................................... 4-4

INDEX - 1

I
Installation .............................................................................. 1-1
Instrument calibration............................................................. 3-1
Instrument configuration......................................................... 2-1
Instrument tab ................................................................. 4-2, 4-5

J
JCAMP-DX file ..................................................................... 2-11

L
Lamp replacement ........................................................ 4-10, 5-2
Lamp usage ......................................................................... 4-10
Light source switching.......................................................... 2-12

M
Maintenance and inspection .................................................. 4-1
Measurement mode ...................................................... 2-9, 2-12
Monitor tab ...................................................................... 4-2, 4-5

N
Noise level............................................................................ 2-12

O
Optical system........................................................................ 2-6

P
PC connector ......................................................................... 2-3
POWER switch....................................................................... 2-3
Peak detection ..................................................................... 2-10
Periodical inspection .............................................................. 4-7
Photometric accuracy........................................................... 2-12
Power supply voltage ............................................................. 1-2
Processing tab ................................................................ 4-2, 4-5

Q
Quantitative calculation .......................................................... 2-9

INDEX - 2

R
RUN lamp............................................................................... 2-2
Replacement of light source lamp.......................................... 5-2
Report tab ....................................................................... 4-3, 4-6
Rescaling ............................................................................. 2-10
Response ............................................................................. 2-12
Result of rate calculation...................................................... 2-10

S
Scan speed .......................................................................... 2-12
Self-diagnosis ............................................................... 2-11, 4-1
Seya-Namioka mount........................................................... 2-12
Signal processing................................................................... 2-6
Smoothing ............................................................................ 2-10
Spare parts............................................................................. 5-1
Spectrum band width ............................................................. 4-4
Spectrum calculation............................................................ 2-11
Standard................................................................................. 2-2
Standard deviation ............................................................... 2-10
Statistic calculation .............................................................. 2-10
Stray light ............................................................................. 2-12
System baseline..................................................................... 3-3

T
Time scan............................................................................. 2-10
Troubleshooting table .......................................................... 4-12

W
Wavelength accuracy........................................................... 2-12
Wavelength calibration........................................................... 3-2
Wavelength drive mechanism .............................................. 2-11
Wavelength scan.................................................................. 2-10

Z
Zero %T measurement ................................................. 3-2, 4-12

INDEX - 3