Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng
Bi tp VEC T
A. Khi nim vc t
1. Cho ABC. C th xc nh c bao nhiu vect khc

2. Cho t gic ABCD a/ C ? vect khc 0

b/ Gi M, N, P, Q ln lt l trung .im AB, BC, CD, DA.

MQ

CMR :

= NP

Cho ABC. Gi M, N, P ln lt l trung im AB, BC, CA.

a/ Xc nh cc vect cng phng vi MN ; b/ Xc nh cc vect bng NP

2. Cho hai hnh bnh hnh ABCD v ABEF. Dng cc vect EH v FG bng AD
3.

CMR : ADHE, CBFG, DBEG l hnh bnh hnh.

3. Cho hnh thang ABCD c hai y l AB v CD vi AB=2CD. T C v CI = DA .

CMR :

a/ I l trung im AB v
b/
DI = CB
AI = IB = DC

4. Cho ABC. Gi M, N, P ln lt l trung im ca BC, CA, AD. Dng MK = CP v

KL = BN

a/ CMR : KP
= PN

b/ AKBN l hnh bnh hnh;

c/ CMR : AL
=

7. Cho 3 im A, B, C phn bit v thng hng,trong trng hp no AB v AC cng

hng , ngc hng ?
8. Cho tam gic ABC, gi P, Q, R ln
l
trung
im cu cc cnh AB, BC, CA. Hy v
uuu
rltuuu
r uu
r
hnh v ch ra cc vect bng PQ, QR, RP

B. Php ton vc t

1. Cho 4 im A, B, C, D. CMR : AC + BD
= AD
+ BC

5. Cho 5 im A, B, C, D, E. CMR : AB
+ CD + EA
= CB + ED

6. Cho 6 im A, B, C, D, E, F. CMR : AD
+ BE
+ CF = AE
+ BF
+ CD

7. Cho 8 im A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H. CMR : AC + BF
+ GD + HE
= AD
+ BE
+

GC + HF
8. Gi O l tm ca hnh bnh hnh ABCD. CMR :

a/ DO + AO = AB
; b/ OD + OC = BC ; c/ OA + OB + OC + OD = 0 ; d/ MA

+ MC = MB
+ MD

9. Cho t gic ABCD. Gi O l trung im AB. CMR : OD + OC = AD

+ BC

10. Cho ABC. T A, B, C dng 3 vect AA' , BB' , CC' CMR : AA' + BB' + CC' =

BA' + CB' + AC' .

11. Cho hnh vung ABCD cnh a. Tnh AB AD theo a

12. Cho hnh ch nht ABCD, bit AB = 3a; AD = 4a.

a/ Tnh AB AD b/ Dng u = AB AC . Tnh u

13. Cho ABC vung ti A, bit AB = 6a, AC = 8a a/ Dng v = AB AC . b/ Tnh

v .
uuu
r uuur uuur uuur
14. Cho t gic ABCD, bit rng tn ti mt im O sao cho cc vc t OA,OB,OC,OD
uuu
r uuu
r uuur uuur
c di bng nhau v OA OB OC OD = 0. Chng minh ABCD l hnh ch nht
2. Cho ABC. Gi M, N, P ln lt l trung im ca BC, CA, AB v O l 1 im ty .
1

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

a/ CMR : AM
+ BN + CP =

+ OP

b/ CMR : OA + OB + OC = OM + ON

15. Cho ABC c trng tm G. Gi MBC sao cho BM = 2 MC

a/ CMR : AB
+ 2 AC = 3 AM
b/ CMR : MA
+ MB
+ MC = 3 MG
16. Cho t gic ABCD. Gi E, F ln lt l trung im ca AB, CD v O l trung im
ca EF.

a/ CMR : AD
+ BC = 2 EF
b/ CMR : OA + OB + OC + OD = 0

c/ CMR : MA + MB + MC + MD = 4 MO d/ Xc nh v tr ca im M: MA +

MB + MC + MD nh nht

17. Cho t gic ABCD. Gi E, F, G, H ln lt l trung im AB, BC, CD, DA v M l 1

im ty .

a/ CMR : AF
+ BG + CH + DE
= 0 ; b/ CMR : MA
+ MB
+ MC + MD
= ME
+

MF + MG + MH
c/ CMR :

AB AC + AD =

4 AG (vi G l trung im FH)

18. Cho hai ABC v DEF c trng tm ln lt l G v H. CMR : AD + BE + CF = 3

GH

19. Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c tmO v E l trung im AD. CMR :

a/ OA + OB + OC + OD = 0 ; b/ EA
+ EB
+ 2 EC = 3 AB
; c/ EB
+ 2 EA
+4

ED = EC

3. Cho 4 im A, B, C, D. CMR : AB
CD = AC + DB

20. Cho 6 im A, B, C, D, E, F. CMR : a/ CD + FA

BA
ED
+ BC FE
= 0

b/ AD
FC EB
= CD EA
FB
; c/ AB
DC FE
= CF DA
+ EB

21. Cho ABC. Hy xc nh im M sao cho :a/ MA MB + MC = 0

b/ MB

c/ MB MC + MA = 0
d/ MA MB MC
MC + BC = 0

= 0
e/ MC + MA
MB
+ BC = 0

22. Cho HCN-ABCD c AB = 3a, AD = 4a.a/ Tnh AD AB b/ Dng u = CA AB .

Tnh u

23. Cho ABC u cnh a. Gi I l trung im BC.a/ Tnh AB AC b/ Tnh BA

BI

24. Cho ABC vung ti A. Bit AB = 6a, AC = 8a. Tnh AB AC

4. Cho ABC. Gi M, N, P ln lt l trung im ca BC, CA, AB v O l 1 im ty .

a/ CMR : AM
+ BN + CP = 0 ; b/ CMR : OA + OB + OC = OM + ON + OP

5. Cho ABC c trng tm G. Gi M BC sao cho BM = 2 MC

a/ CMR : AB
+ 2 AC = 3 AM
;
b/ CMR : MA
+ MB
+ MC = 3 MG
25. Cho t gic ABCD. Gi E, F ln lt l trung im ca AB, CD v O l trung im
ca EF.CMR:

a/ AD
+ BC = 2 EF
b/ OA + OB + OC + OD = 0 c/ MA
+ MB
+ MC + MD

= 4 MO (vi M ty )
26. Cho t gic ABCD. Gi E, F, G, H ln lt l trung im AB, BC, CD, DA v M l 1
im ty .CMR:

a/ AF
+ BG + CH + DE
= 0
b/ MA
+ MB
+ MC + MD
= ME
+ MF
+ MG +
2

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

MH

c/ CMR : AB
+ AC + AD
= 4 AG (vi G l trung im FH)

27. Cho hai ABC v DEF c trng tm ln lt l G v H. CMR : AD + BE + CF = 3

GH

28. Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c tm O v E l trung im AD. CMR :

a/ OA + OB + OC + OD = 0 ; b/ EA
+ EB
+ 2 EC = 3 AB
; c/ EB
+ 2 EA

+ 4 ED
= EC
29. Cho tam gic ABC, Gi I l im trn cnh BC sao cho 2CI = 3BI, gi J l im
trn
BC
ko
di
sao
cho5JB=2JC.
uur uur
uuu
r uuur
uuur
a) Tnh AI , AJ theo AB, AC
b) Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC . Tnh AG
uur
uuur
theo AI v AJ
31. Cho ABC c M, D ln lt l trung im ca AB, BC v N l im trn cnh AC
sao cho
1
1
1

+
NC . Gi K l trung im ca MN. a/ CMR : AK =
AB
4
6 AC
2
1
1

b/ CMR : KD
=
+
AB
4
3 AC

AN

32.Cho ABC. Trn hai cnh AB, AC ly 2 im D v E sao cho AD = 2 DB , CE =

3 EA
.
1

Gi M l trung im DE v I l trung im BC. CMR :a/ AM

=
+
b/
3 AB
8 AC

MI = 6 AB + 8 AC

33.Cho 4 im A, B, C, D tha 2 AB
+ 3 AC = 5 AD
CMR : B, C, D thng hng.

34. Cho ABC, ly M, N, P sao cho MB = 3 MC ; NA +3 NC = 0 v PA + PB = 0

a/ Tnh PM
, PN theo AB
v AC b/ CMR : M, N, P thng hng.
35. Cho tam gic ABC.Gi A l im i xng vi A qua B, B l im i xng vi
B qua C, C l im i xng vi C qua A.Chng minh cc tam gic ABC v ABC c
cng trng tm.
36. Cho tam gic ABC v im M tu . Gi A, B, C ln lt l im i xng ca
M qua cc trung im K, I, J ca cc cnh BC, CA, AB.CMR: a/ 3 ng thng AA,
BB, CC ng qui
b/ Khi M di ng , MN lun qua trng tm G
tam gic ABC
37. Cho tam gic ABC. Tm tp hp cc im M tho mn tng tu kin sau :

uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuuu
r r
uuuu
r uuuu
r uuuu
r uuuu
r
uuuu
r uuur uuuu
r uuuur
uuuu
r uuur
uuuu
r uuuur
a / MA MB; b / MA MB MC 0; c /

C;

d /
C

e/

38.Cho 6 im phn bit A, B, C, D, E, F chng minh :

uur uuu
r uuu
r uur

a ) AB DC AC DB

uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uur

uur uur uuu

r uur

b) AB ED AD EB

uuu
r uuu
r

uur uur uuu

r uur

uuu
r uur uuu
r uur uur

c ) AB CD AC BD d ) AD CE DC AB EB

uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r

e) AC+ DE - DC - CE + CB = AB f ) AD BE CF AE BF CD AF BD CE

39.Cho tam gic MNP c MQ l tr.tuyn ca tam gic . Gi R L trung im ca MQ.

Chng minh rng:

uuur uuu
r uur r

a ) 2 RM RN RP 0;

uuu
r

uuur uur

uuu
r

b) ON 2OM OP 4OD , O

uuu
r uuur uuur uuur
c) Dng im S: MNPS l hnh bnh hnh. Chng t rng: MS MN PM 2MP
uuur uuu
r uuuu
r uuu
r
uuur uuuu
r uuu
r uuu
r
uur
d) ON OS OM OP ;
ON OM OP OS 4OI
3

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

40.Cho 4 im bt k A,B,C,D v M,N ln lt l trung im ca on thng AB,CD.Chn

uuu
r uuur uuu
r uuur
uuuu
r
uuur uuur uuur uuur
uuuu
r
minh rng:
a) CA DB CB DA 2MN
b) AD BD AC BC 4MN
uur uur uur uur
uur
c) Gi I l trung im ca BC.Chng minh rng: 2( AB AI NA DA) 3DB
41.Cho tam gic MNP c MQ ,NS,PI ln lt l trung tuyn ca tam gic .Chng minh rng:

uuur uur uu
r r

a ) MQ NS PI 0

b)Chng minh rng hai tam gic MNP v tam gic SQI c cng trng tm .
c)Gi M l im i xng vi M qua N , N l im i xng vi N qua P , P l
im i xng
Puu
uuurviuu
rquaM.
uuur Chng minh rng vi mi im O bt k ta lun c:

uuu
r uuur uur

'
'
'
ON OM OP ON OM OP

ABC .
42. Gi G v G ln ltul
uur trng
uuur tm
uuuu
r ca
uuuu
r tam gic ABC v tam gic
Chng minh rng AA BB CC 3GG
43. Cho tam gic ABC , gi M l trung im ca AB, N l mt im trn AC sao cho
NC=2NA, gi K l trung im ca MN.
uuur 1 uuuu
r 1 uuur
uuur 1 uuur 1 uuur
a) CMR: AK= AB +
AC b) Gi D l trung
imca BC, chng minh: KD=
AB + AC
4
6
4
3

44. Cho ABC. Tm tap hp cac iem M thoa ieu kien :a/ MA = MB
b/

MA + MB + MC = 0

uuur uuuu
r uuur r
c/ MA MC MB 0

uuur uuur uuuu

r
uuur
d / MA MB MC 2 BC

uuur uuur uuuu

r uuu
r
e/ 2MA MB MC CA

45. a) Cho MK v NQ l trung tuyn ca MNP.

uuur uur uuur
r uuuu
r r uuur
Hy phn tch MN , NP, PM theo hai vct u MK , v NQ
uuu
r
uur
b) Trn ng thng NP ca tam gic MNP ly mt im S sao cho SN 3SP .
uuur
r uuuu
r r uuur
Hy phn tch vct MS theo hai vct u MN , v MP
c) Gi G l trng tm ca tam gic MNP .Gi I l trung im ca on thng MG
v H l im trn

uur uuur uu
r uuu
r

1
5

uuuu
r

cnh MN sao cho MH = MN .*Hy phn tch cc vct MI , MH , PI , PH theo hai vct u PM

r uuur
v PN

*Chng minh ba im P,I,H thng hng

H to Oxy
1/. Cho 3 im A(1,2), B(-2, 6), C(4, 4)a)Chng minh A, B,C khng thng hng
b)Tm to trung im I ca on AB c)Tm to trng tm G ca tam gic
ABC d)Tm t. im D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh e)Tm to
im N sao cho B l trung im ca on AN
g)Tm to cc im H, Q, K sao cho C l trng tm ca tam gic ABH, B l trng
tm ca tam gic ACQ, A l trng tm ca tam gic BCK. h)Tm t. T sao cho 2
im A v T .xng nhau qua B, qua C.
uuu
r
uuur uuur
uuur
i) T mto imU sao cho AB 3BU ; 2 AC 5 BU
uuu
r
uuur uuu
r
uuur uuur
j) H y ph
n tch AB, theo 2 vc tAU vCB ; theo 2 vctAC vCN
2/.Cho ABC c M(1,4), N(3,0); P(-1,1) ln lt l tr.im ca cc cnh: BC, CA, AB.
Tm to A, B, C.
3/.Trong mt phng ta Oxy.CMR cc im:
a) A 1;1 , B 1;7 , C 0; 4 thng hng.
b) M 1;1 , N 1;3 , C 2;0 thng hng.

c) Q 1;1 , R 0;3 , S 4;5 khng thng

hng.
4

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

4/.Cho hai im A 2;1 v B 6; 1 .Tm ta : a) im M thuc Ox sao cho A,B,M th

hng.
b) im N thuc Oy sao cho A,B,N thng hng.
c) im P thuc hm s y=2x-1 sao
A, B, P thng hng.
d) im Q thuc hm s y= x 2 2 x 2 sao cho A, B, Q thng hng
0
5/. Cho ABC vung ti
A,
uuu
r uc
uu
r gcB=
uuur uuu
r60 u.uur uuu
r uuur uuur
a) Xc nh s o cc gc: (BA, BC); (AB,BC); (CA,CB); (AC, BC);
b) Tnh gi tr lng gic ca cc gc trn
r
r
r
6/ Trong h trc Oxy cho cc vct a (2; 1), b ( 1; 3), c (3;1) .
r r r r r r r ur
r r r
a) Tm to ca cc vct u a b, v a b c, w 2a 3b 4c.
r
r
r
b) Biu din vct c theo hai vct a v b .
ur
r ur r r
c) Tm to ca vct d sao cho a 2d b 3c .
7/ Trong h trc Oxy cho ba im A(2;1), B (1; 2), C ( 3; 2) .
uuur uuu
r uuur uuu
r uuur uuu
r
a) Tm to ca cc vct AB, BA, BC , CB, AC , CA
b) Chng minh rng A, B, C l ba nh ca mt tam gic. V tam gic trn h trc.
c) Tm to im D sao cho ABCD
uuurl hnh
uuur bnh
uuurhnh.
uuu
r
d) Tm to ca im E sao cho 3 AE AB 2 BC CA .
8./(H, C khi D - 2004). Trong mt phng vi h Oxy vung gc cho ABC c
A(-1;0) B(4;0) C(0;m) m 0 . Tm to trng tm G theo m. Tm m
GAB vung ti G.

C. Trc To trn trc:

1. Trn trc x'Ox cho 2 im A, B c ta ln lt l 2 v 5.

a/ Tm ta ca AB
.
b/ Tm ta trung im I ca on thng AB

c/ Tm ta ca im M sao cho 2 MA
+ 5 MB
= 0
d/ Tm ta im N sao cho 2 NA + 3 NB = 1

2.Trn trc x'Ox cho 3 im A, B, C c ta ln lt l a, b, c.

a/ Tm ta trung im I ca AB

b/ Tm ta im M sao cho MA
+ MB
MC = 0

c/ Tm ta im N sao cho 2 NA 3 NB = NC
3.Trn trc x'Ox cho 2 im A, B c ta ln lt l 3 v 1.
a/ Tm ta im M sao cho 3 MA 2 MB = 1
c/ Tm ta im N sao cho NA + 3 NB = AB
4.Trn trc x'Ox cho 4 im A(2) ; B(4) ; C(1) ; D(6)
a/ CMR :

1
1
2
+
=
AC
AD
AB

b/ Gi I l trung im AB. CMR : IC . ID IA 2

c/ Gi J l trung im CD. CMR : AC . AD AB . AJ

D. To trn mt phng:

5. Vit ta ca cc vect sau : a =

1
3

i + j ; c = i +
2
2

3 i ; e = 4 j .

6. Vit di dng u = x i + y j , bit rng :

u = (1; 3) ; u = (4; 1) ; u = (0; 1) ; u = (1, 0) ; u = (0, 0)

7. Trong mp Oxy cho a = (1; 3) , b = (2, 0). Tm ta v di ca cc vect :

5

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

a/ u = 3 a 2 b ;

b/ v = 2 a +

c/ w = 4 a

1
2

8. Trong mp Oxy cho A(1; 2) , B(0; 4) , C(3; 2)

a/ Tm ta ca cc vect AB
, AC , BC
b/ Tm ta trung im I ca AB

c/ Tm ta im M sao cho : CM = 2 AB
3 AC

d/ Tm ta im N sao cho : AN + 2 BN 4 CN = 0
9. Trong mp Oxy cho ABC c A(4; 3) , B(1; 2) , C(3; 2).
a/ CMR : ABC cn. Tnh chu vi ABC.
b/ Tm ta im D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
c/ Tm ta trng tm G ca ABC.
10. Trong mp Oxy cho ABC c A(0; 2) , B(6; 4) , C(1; 1).
a/ CMR : ABC vung. Tnh din tch ABC.
b/ Gi D(3; 1). CMR : 3 im B, C, D thng hng.
c/ Tm ta im D t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
11. Trong mp Oxy cho ABC c A(3; 6) , B(9; 10) , C(5; 4).
a/ CMR : A, B, C khng thng hng.
b/ Tm ta trng tm G ca ABC.
c/ Tm ta tm I ca ng trn ngoi tip ABC v tnh bn knh ng trn
.
12. Trong mp Oxy cho A(3; 2) , B(4; 3). Hy tm trn trc Ox cc im M sao cho
ABM vung ti M.
13. Trong mp Oxy cho A(0; 1) , B(4; 5)
a/ Hy tm trn trc honh 1 im C sao cho ABC cn ti C.
b/ Tnh din tch ABC.
c/ Tm ta im D t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
14. Trong mp Oxy cho A(2; 3) , B(1; 1) , C(6; 0)
a/ CMR : A, B, C khng thng hng.
b/ Tm ta trng tm G ca ABC.
c/ CMR : ABC vung cn.
d/ Tnh din tch ABC.
15. Cho ABC vi trung tuyn AM. Gi I l trung im AM.

a/ CMR : 2
b/ Vi 1 im O bt k. CMR : 2 OA +
IA + IB + IC = 0 ;

+ OC = 4 OI
16. Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD tm O. Gi I l trung im BC v G l trng tm
ABC.

a/ CMR : 2
b/ CMR : 3 DG = DA
+ DB
+ DC
AI = 2 AO + AB ;
OB

17. Cho ABC. Ly trn cnh BC im N sao cho BC = 3 BN . Tnh AN theo AB

v AC
18. Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD tm O. Gi I v J l trung im ca BC, CD.
1

a/ CMR :
AI = 2 ( AD + 2 AB )

b/ CMR : OA + OI + OJ = 0

c/ Tm im M tha : MA
MB
+ MC =
19. Cho ABC v 1 im M ty .

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

a/ Hy xc nh cc im D, E, F sao cho MD
= MC + AB
, ME
= MA
+ BC v

MF = MB + CA . CMR cc im D, E, F khng ph thuc im M.

b/ CMR : MA + MB + MC = MD + ME + MF
20. Cho ABC. Tm tp hp cc im M tha iu kin :

a/ MA
= MB

b/ MA
+ MB
+ MC = 0

c/ MA + MB = MA MB

d/ MA + MB = MA + MB

e/ MA + MB = MA + MC

21. Cho ABC c trng tm G. Gi D v E l cc im xc nh bi AD = 2 AB ,

AE = 5 AC

a/ Tnh AG , DE
, DG theo AB
v AC ;

b/ CMR : D, E, G thng hng.

22. Cho ABC. Gi D l im xc nh bi AD =

v M l trung im on
5 AC
BD.

a/ Tnh AM theo AB v AC .;

b/ AM ct BC ti I. Tnh

IB
v
IC

AM
AI

23. Trn mp Oxy cho A(1; 3) , B(4; 2).

a/ Tm ta im D nm trn Ox v cch u 2 im A v B
b/ Tnh chu vi v din tch OAB
c/ Tm ta trong tm OAB.
d/ ng thng AB ct Ox v Oy ln lt ti M v N. Cc im M v N chia on
thng AB theo cc t s no ?
e/ Phn gic trong ca gc AOB ct AB ti E. Tm ta im E.
f/ Tm ta im C t gic OABC l hnh bnh hnh.

BI TP: Tm to im, vct.

r
r
r
Bi 1: Cho a (1; 2); b (3;1); c (4; 2)
r
r
r r r
r
r r
a) Tm: x 2a 3b c v tm x ;
b) Tm cc s m,n : a mb nc
r
Bi 2: Tm to vectb u bit:
r
r
r
r r r
r r r
a) u a 0 vi a (2; 3) ;
b) u a b vi a (2;0); b (1;1)
Bi 3: Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c A(-1;3), B(2;4), C(0;1). Tm to nh D.
Bi 4: Cho A(3; 2), B(4; 1), C(1; 5). Tm to im D ABCD l hnh bnh
hnh.
Bi 5:Trong h trc 0xy cho ABC c A(10; 5), B(3; 2), C(6;-5).
uuur
uuur uuur
Tm to im D sao cho AD 3 AB 2 AC
Bi 6: Trong h trc 0xy cho: M(3;2), N(-1;3), P(-2;1).
uuur
uur
a)Tm to im I sao cho: IM 3IN
b) Tm o im Q sao cho MNPQ l hnh bnh hnh.
r
uuuu
r uuur r
uuuu
r uuur
c) Tm to vect: u 3MN 2 MP ; v 2 MN 3MP
BI TP: To trung im, trng tm
Bi 1: Cho ABC c A(-3; 6), B(9; -10), C(-5; 4). tnh to :
a) Trung im I ca on thng AB.
7

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

Gio vin:

b) Trng tm G ca ABC .
c) Tm O ca ng trn ngoi tip ABC .
Bi 2: Cho A(-2; 1), B(4; 5).
a) Tm to trung im I ca AB;
b) Tm to im C OABC l hnh bnh hnh vi O l gc to .
Bi 3: Cho ABC vi A(1;2), B(-2; 6), C(4; 4).
a) Xc nh to dim D ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
b) Xc nh to giao im I ca AC v BD.
Bi 4: Cho ABC c M(1; 1), N(2; 3), P(0; -4) ln lt l trung im ca BC, CA, AB.
Tnh to cc nh ca ABC .
Bi 5: Cho ABC c A(-5; 6), B(-4; -1), C(4; 3).
a) Tm to trung im I ca AC.
b) Tm to im D ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
Bi 6: Cho ABC c A(-3; 6), B(9; -10), C(-5; 4).
a) Tm to trong tm G ca ABC ;
b)Tm to im D BGCD l hnh bnh hnh.
Bi 7: Cho ABC vi A(2; 4), B(-3; 1), C(3; -1).
a) Tnh to im D ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
b) Tnh to trng tm G ca ABC ;
c) Tnh to tm ng trn ngoi tip ABC
Bi 8: trong h to 0xy cho A(1; -2), B(-3; -4), G(1; 1). CMR:
a) A, B, G khng thng hng.
b) Tm to im C G l trng tm ABC
Bi 9: Cho A(2; 0), B(0; 4), C(1; 3)
a) CMR: A, B, C khng thng hng.
b) Tnh di trung tuyn CM ca ABC .
c) Tm to trng tm G ca ABC .
Bi 10: Cho A(-1; -2), B(3; 2), C(4; -1).
a) CMR: A, B, C l 3 nh ca mt tam gic.
b) Tnh chu vi ABC .
c) Tnh di trung tuyn AM ca ABC
Bi 11: Cho A(-3; 4), B(1; 1), C(9; -5).
a) CMR: A, B, C thng hng.
b) Tm to im D sao cho A l trung im ca BD.
c) Tm to im A i xng vi A qua gc to .
Bi 12: Cho A(-4; 1), B(2; 4), C(2; -2).
a) CMR: A, B, C khng thng hng.
b) Tnh chu vi ABC .
c) Tm to trung im I ca BC.
d) Tm to trng tm G ca ABC
Bi 13: Cho ABC c A(2; 5), B(1; 1), C(3; 3).
a) Tm to im D sao cho ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
b) Tm to tm I ca hnh bnh hnh.
uuur
uuur uuur
c) Tim to im E sao cho AE 3 AB 2 AC
Bi 14: Cho A(-2; 2), B(1; 1).
a) Tm to im M trn 0x cch u A v B.
b) Tm to im N trn 0x sao cho A, B, N thng hng.
Bi 15: Cho 4 im A( -1; 1), B(0; 2), C(3; 1), D(0; 2). CMR: ABCD l hnh thang .

Bi kim tra :
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Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng
Bi 1: Cho lc gic u ABCDEF c tm O
a) Ch ra cc vc t cng hng vi
b) Ch ra cc vc t i ca
c)Xc nh im M

AB

OB

BM FO

Bi 2: Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD tm O , vi im E tu

Chng minh : EB ED EA EC
Bi 3: Cho P, Q l trung im cc cnh AB , CD ca t gic ABCD .
Chng minh : AC BD 2 PQ .

Ch :

Gii tam gic

44030';C
640 . Tnh gc A v cc cnh b,c
Bi 1: Cho tam gic ABC. Bit a=17,4; B
ca tam gic .

47020' . Tnh hai gc B, C v cnh

Bi 2: Cho tam gic ABC bit a=49,4; b=26,4; C
c.
Bi 3: Cho tam gic ABC. Bit a=24; b=13; c=15. Tnh cc gc A, B, C
Bi 4: ng dy cao th ni thng t v tr A n v tr B di 10km, t v tr A
n v tr C di 8km, gc to bi hai ng dy trn bn 75 0. Tnh khong cch t
v tr B n v tr C
Bi 5: Mt ngi ngi trn tu ho i t ga A n ga B. Khi tu ga A, qua ng
nhm ngi nhn thy mt thp C. Hng nhn t ngi n thp to vi hng i
ca tu mt gc 600. Khi tu ga B, ngi nhn li vn thy thp C, hng nhn
t ngi n thp to vi hng ngc vi hng i ca tu mt gc 450. Bit rng on
ng tu ni thng ga A vi ga B di 8 km.
Hi khong cch t ga A n thp C l bao nhiu?
Bi 6: Cho hai im phn bit P v Q. Tm tp hp cc im M sao cho
MP2+MQ2=k2, trong k l s cho trc.
Bi 7: Trong mt phng to Oxy cho hai im A(3;4) v B(6;0)
a) Nhn xt g v tam gic OAB? Tnh din tch tam gic
b) Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic OAB
c) Vit phng trnh ng phn gic trong ti nh O ca tam gic OAB
d) Vit phng trnh ng trn ni tip tam gic OAB

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

Ch :

Phng trnh ng
thng

Bi 1: Lp phng trnh tng qut ng thng:

a) i qua hai im A(1; 2); B(5;-1);
b) i qua A(2;1) v song song vi ng thng (D): 2 x y 1 0 ;
c) i qua M(1;1) v vung gc vi ng thng (D): x 3 y 2 0 ;
x 2 5t
d) i qua N(1;1) v vung gc
;
y 3t
e) i qua B(2; 5) v c h s gc k= 3;
f) ng trung trc MN bit M(7;6), N(5;2);
g) i qua giao im ca 2 ng thng: x + 2y - 4 = 0; 2x + y + 1 = 0 v song
x 2 3t
.
y 1 4t

song vi ng thng

x 2 t
y 4 2t

Bi 2: Cho im M(1;3) v ng thng d c phng trnh

a) im M c nm trn ng thng d hay khng?

b) Vit phng trnh tng qut v phng trnh tham s ca ng thng d1 i qua
im M v song song vi ng thng d;
c) Vit phng trnh tham s v phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng d2 i qua
im M v vung gc vi ng thng d;
d) Tnh din tch tam gic to bi d vi hai trc to .
Bi 3. Cho ng thng d c phng trnh 3x+4y-10=0
1. Vit phng trnh tham s ca ng thng d;
2. Vit phng trnh tham s v phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng d1 i qua
M v song song vi d;
3. Vit phng trnh tham s v phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng d2 i qua
M v vung gc vi d;
4. Tm to hnh chiu H ca M trn d;
5. Tm to ca im M' i xng vi M qua d.
Bi 4: Cho ng thng : 3x 4 y 2 0
a) Vit phng trnh ca di dng tham s;
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Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

b) Vit phng trnh ca di dng phng trnh theo on chn;

c) Tnh khong cch t mi im M(3;5), N(-4;0), P(2;1) ti v xt xem ng
thng ct cnh no ca tam gic MNP;
d) Tnh cc gc hp bi vi mi trc to .
Bi 5: Cho tam gic ABC c phng trnh cc ng thng AB, BC, CA l

AB: 2x 3y 1 0
BC : x 3y 7 0
CA: 5x 2y 1 0
a) Vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng cao k t nh B.
b) Cho hai im P(4;0), Q(0;-2). Vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng i
qua im B v song song vi ng thng PQ.
c) Vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng trung trc ca on thng PQ.
Bi 6: Cho ng thng d c phng trnh x - y = 0 v im M (2;1).
a) Vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng i xng vi ng thng d qua
im M.
b) Tm hnh chiu ca im M trn ng thng d.
Bi 3: Cho tam gic ABC c A(0;0), B(2;4); C(0;6) v cc im: M trn cnh AB, N trn
cnh BC, P v Q trn cnh AC sao cho MNPQ l hnh vung
Tm to cc im M, N, P, Q.
Bi 4: Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua P(6;4) v to vi hai trc to mt
tam gic c din tch bng 2.

x 2 t
y 1 2t

Bi 5: Cho ng thng c phng trnh tham s

a) Hy ch ra mt vect ch phng ca

b) Tm cc im ca tng ng vi cc gi tr t = 0; t = -4; t =

1
2

c) im no trong cc im sau thuc : M(3;3), N(1; 5), P(0;1), Q(5;4).

Bi 6:

Vit phng trnh tham s, phng trnh chnh tc ( nu c) v phng

trnh tng qut ca ng thng trong mi trng hp sau:

a) i qua im B(2;-1) v song song vi trc tung;
b) i qua im C(2;1) v vung gc vi ng thng d: 5x-7y+2=0.
Bi 7: Hy vit phng trnh tham s, phng trnh chnh tc ( nu c), phng
trnh tng qut ca ng thng i qua hai im A = (-3;0) v B = (0;5).
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Bi 8: Cho im A(-5;2) v ng thng :

x 2 y 3

. Hy vit phng trnh 1

2

ng thng
a) i qua A v song song vi ;
b) i qua A v vung gc vi .
Bi 9: Tm

hnh chiu vung gc ca im P = (3;-2) trn ng thng

x 1 y

3
4

Bi 10: Hy tnh khong cch t im M n ng thng trong mi trng hp

sau

a) M 3;4 ; : 4x 3y 15 0
x 7 2t
y 4 3t

b) M 5;1 ; :

Bi 11: Cho tam gic ABC c cc nh l A=(1;0) , B(2;-3), C(-2;4) v ng thng

c phng trnh x-y+1=0. Xt xem ct cnh no ca tam gic

7
;3 , B 1;2 , C 4;3
4

Bi 12: Cho tam gic ABC vi A

Bi 13: Cho bit phng trnh ca hai ng thng v ' ln lt l

x 7 2t
v

x 1 t'

y 2 3t'

Tm to vect ch phng ca hai ng thng v tm gc hp bi hai ng

thng .
Bi 14: Cho 3 im A(4;-1), B(-3;2), C(1;6)
a) Tnh gc BAC
b) Tnh gc (AB,AC)
Bi 17: Vit phng trnh cc ng trung trc ca tam gic ABC bit M(-1;1), N(1;9)
v P(9;1) l cc trung im ca ba cnh tam gic.
Bi 18: Cho im A(-1;3) v ng thng c phng trnh x-2y+2=0
Dng hnh vung ABCD sao cho hai nh B,C nm trn v cc to ca nh
C u dng
a) Tm to cc nh B, C, D;
b) Tnh chu vi v din tch ca hnh vung ABCD.

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Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

Gio vin:

Bi 19: Cho tam gic ABC c A(0;0), B(2;4); C(0;6) v cc im: M trn cnh AB, N
trn cnh BC, P v Q trn cnh AC sao cho MNPQ l hnh vung
Tm to cc im M, N, P, Q.
Bi 20: Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua P(6;4) v to vi hai trc to mt
tam gic c din tch bng 2.
Bi 21: Cho hai ng thng d1:2x-y-2=0 , d2: x+y+3=0 v im M(3;0)
a) Tm to giao im ca d1v d2
b) Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua M, ct d1 v d2 ln lt ti im A v B
sao cho M l trung im ca on thng AB.
Bi 22: Cho 2 ng thng song song: 3 x + y 5 = 0 v 6x + 2y 15 = 0.
a) Tm qy tch cc im cch u 2 ng thng trn.
b) Tm khong cch gia 2 ng thng trn. Tnh din tch hnh vung c 2 cnh nm trn hai
ng thng.
Bi 23: Cho HCN c hai cnh nm trn hai ng thng c phng trnh 2x - y + 5 =
0 v x + 2y + 7 = 0. Bit 1 nh l A(1;2). Tnh din tch HCN v lp ph ng trnh
cc cnh cn li.
Bi 24: Lp ptts ca ng thng d trong mi rtrng hp sau:
a. d i qua im A(-5 ; 2) v c vtcp u (4 ; -1).
b. d i qua hai im A(-2 ; 3) v B(0 ; 4)
Bi 25: Lp pttq ca ng thng trong
r mi trng hp sau:
a. i qua M(2 ; 1) v c vtpt n (-2; 5).
1
b. i qua im (-1; 3) v c hsg k = .
2
c. i qua hai im A(3; 0) v B(0; -2).
x 2 2t
Bi 26: Cho ng thng c ptts
y 3 t
a. Tm im M nm trn v cch im A(0 ;1) mt khong bng 5.
b. Tm ta giao im ca ng thng vi ng thng x + y + 1 = 0.
c. Tm im M trn sao cho AM l ngn nht.
Bi 27: Lp phng trnh ba ng trung trc ca mt tam gic c trung im cc cnh ln lt l
M(-1; 0) ; N(4 ; 1); P(2 ;4).
Bi 28: Vi gi tr no ca tham s m th hai ng thng sau vung gc:
1 : mx + y + q = 0

: x y + m = 0
Bi 29Xt v tr tng i ca cc cp ng thng sau y:
x 1 5t
x 6 5t
a. d:
v d:
y 2 4t
y 2 4t
x 1 4t
b. d:
v d 2x + 4y -10 = 0
y 2 2t
c. d: x + y - 2=0 v d: 2x + y 3 = 0
Bi 30: Tm gc gia hai ng thng:
d: x + 2y + 4 = 0
d: 2x y + 6 = 0
2

13

Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

Bi 31: Tnh bn knh ca ng trn c tm l im I(1;5) v tip xc vi ng thng : 4x 3y + 1 = 0.

Bi 32: Lp phng trnh ng phn gic ca cc gc gia hai ng thng:
d: 2x + 4y + 7 = 0
d: x- 2y - 3 = 0
Bi 33Cho tam gic ABC bit phng trnh ng thng AB: x 3y + 11 = 0, ng cao
AH: 3x + 7y 15 = 0, ng cao BH: 3x 5y + 13 = 0. Tm phng trnh hai ng thng cha hai
cnh cn li ca tam gic.
Bi 34: Tm phng trnh ca tp hp cc im cch u hai ng thng:
d: 5x+ 3y - 3 = 0 v d: 5x + 3y + 7 = 0

Ch :

ng trn

Bi 1: Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua gc to v tip xc vi ng trn

(C) x2 y2 3x y 0 .
Bi 2: Tnh bn knh ng trn tm I(1;2) v tip xc vi ng thng 5x + 12y-10
= 0. T lp phng trnh ng trn trn.
Bi 2: Cho ng trn x2 y2 2x 4y 20 0 v im M(4;2)
a) Chng t rng im M nm trn ng trn cho
b) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng trn ti im M
Bi 3: Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng trn

x 2

y 3 1, bit tip
2

tuyn song song vi ng thng :3x y 2 0

Bi 4: Trong mt phng to cho im A = (3; 5) v ng thng : 2x y + 3
=0
1) Vit phng trnh ng thng m i qua A v vung gc
2) Vit phng trnh ng trn tm A, tip xc vi
3) Tm to im A i xng vi A qua
4) Vit phng trnh ng thng ' i qua A sao cho ( ; ' ) = 600
Bi 5: Cho phng trnh: x2+ y2 + 2mx 4my (m-4) = 0 (1)
a) Tm m (1) l phng trnh ca ng trn (Cm)
b) Xc nh to tm v tnh bn knh ca ng trn (C2)
c) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C0)
+ Ti im A = (1;

+ i qua im B = (-2;3)
d)Tm qu tch tm ca (Cm)
Bi 6: Cho ba im A(4 ;6), B(-3 ;5), C(1 ;7).
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Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng

Gio vin:

a) Vit phng trnh ng trn (T) i qua ba im A, B, C. Tm to tm I v

tnh bn knh ca ng trn (T).
b) Trong cc im sau y im no nm trn, nm trong hoc nm ngoi ng
trn (T) : D(-2 ;2) E(2 ;8), F(2 ;0), G(1 ;-3) ?
c) Vit phng trnh cc tip tuyn ca ng trn song song vi trc to .
d) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng trn vung gc vi ng thng OI.
e) Vit phng trnh cc tip tuyn ca ng trn ti A v B. Tm to giao im
ca hai tip tuyn .
g) Vit phng trnh cc tip tuyn ca ng trn i qua E(2 ;8) v tm gc gia
hai tip tuyn
Bi 7: Trong mt phng to cho ba im A(4;6), B(6;4), C(1;7).
1.Vit phng trnh tng qut, phng trnh tham s, phng trnh chnh tc(nu c) ng cao BH.
2. Tnh gc BCA v gc gia hai ng thng CB,CA
3. Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) i qua ba im A,B,C. Xc nh tm v bn knh ng trn
4. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) bit rng tip tuyn i qua im M(2;7)
Bi 8: Trong mt phng to cho ba im A(4;6), B(6;4), C(1;7).
1.Vit phng trnh tng qut, phng trnh tham s, phng trnh chnh tc(nu c) ng cao AH.
2. Tnh gc BAC v gc gia hai ng thng AB,AC
3. Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) i qua ba im A,B,C. Xc nh tm v bn knh ng trn
4. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) bit rng tip tuyn i qua im M(1;2)

Bi 9: Xc nh tm v bn knh ng trn c phng trnh: (x 3)2 + ( y

+ 2)2 = 25.
Bi 10: Cho h ng trn (C): x2 + y2 + 2x 4y 20 = 0.
a) Xc nh tm v bn knh ng trn.
b) Vit pttt ca ng trng ti im A(3; -2).
c) Vit pttt ca (C) bit tip tuyn song song vi ng thng 3x + 4y 1 = 0.
d) Vit pttt ca (C) bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng 5x + 12y 3 =
0.
e) Vit pttt ca (C) bit tip tuyn bit tip tuyn i qua B(-6;5).
Bi 11: Xc nh tm v bn knh ng:
a) (x 3)2 + ( y + 2)2 = 16
b) x2 + y2 2x 2y 2 = 0
+ 12 = 0.

c) x2 + y2 3x + 4y

Bi 12: Vit phng trnh ng trn:

a) i qua 3 im: M(4 ; 3) ; N (2 ; 7) ; P (-3 ; -8)
b) i qua 2 im A (0 ; -2) ; B (4 ; 0) v c tm nm trn ng thng () : x +
2y = 0
Bi 13: Tnh bn knh ng trn tm I(1;2) v tip xc vi ng thng 5x + 12y10 = 0.
Bi 14: Cho ba ng trn (C1), (C2), (C3) ln lt c phng trnh:

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Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng
C1 : x 2 y 2 8 x 10 y 16 0
C2 : x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y 0
C3 : x 2 y 2 2 x 12 y 12 0
a) Tm to tm v bn knh ca mi ng trn

b) Chng t ba ng trn cng i qua mt im , ta gi im l I, tm to

im .
c) Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua tm ca (C1), (C2), (C3)
d) Gi A, B, C ln lt l ba giao im khc ca cc cp ng trn (C1)v (C2), (C2)v
(C3), (C3) v (C1). Tm to ca A, B, C

Ch :

Bi 1: Cho ba im F1 5;0 ; F2

Elip

5;0 ; I 0;3 . Hy vit phng trnh chnh tc

ca elp c tiu im l F1, F2 v i qua im I. Khi M chy trn elp , khong

cch MF1 ln nht v nh nht khi no ?
Bi 2: Mt ng hm xuyn qua ni c chiu rng l 20m, mt ct ng ca ng hm c dng na elip nh hnh 84 ca SGK. Bit rng tm sai ca elip l e gn
bng 0,5. Hy tm chiu cao ca ng hm
Bi 3: Tm to cc tiu im, cc nh, di trcln, trc b ca mi elip c
phng trnh sau

x2 y2
x2 y2
a) 1; b) 1
25 4
9 4
x2 y2
Bi 4: Cho elip c phng trnh x 4y 4
1
4 1
2

Tm to cc tiu im, tm sai, to cc nh, di trc ln, di trc

b.
Bi 5: Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) trong mi trng hp sau
a. (E) c di trc ln bng 8 v tm sai e
b. (E) c mt tiu im F

3
2

3
3;0 v i qua im M 1;
2

c. (E) c di trc ln bng 8 v tiu c bng 4.

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Gio vin:

Hnh hc 10

on Vn ng
Bi 6: Cho elip (E) c phng trnh:

x2 y2
1
9 1

a) Tnh di dy cung ca (E) i qua mt tiu im v vung gc vi trc tiu

( on thng ni hai im ca (E) gi l dy cung ca elip, trc cha cc tiu
im g l trc tiu ca elip)
b) Tm trn (E) im M sao cho MF 1=2MF2, trong F1, F2 ln lt l cc tiu im
ca (E) nm bn tri v bn phi trc tung.
Bi 7: Trong mt phng to Oxy,cho im A chy trn trc Ox, im B chy
trn trc Oy nhng di on AB bng a khng i . Tm tp hp cc im M
thuc AB sao cho MB=2MA.
Bi 8: Xc nh tiu im, tiu c, tm sai, nh, di trc ln, di trc nh,
phng trnh hnh ch nht c s v phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip HCN c s
ca cc Elip sau:
x2 y 2
a)
b) 9x2 + 25y2 = 225
c) 4x2 + 9y2 = 5 d) 4x2 + y2 = 1

1
169 25
Bi 9: Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca Elip bit:
a) di trc ln bng 20 v di trc nh bng 16.
b) Mt tiu im c to (-5;0) v mt nh c ta (13;0)
c) Trc ln c di bng 10 v tiu c bng 8.
12
d) di trc ln bng 26 v tm sai bng
13
4
e) C tiu c bng 16 v tm sai bng .
5
f) Mt nh trn trc ln l (-5;0) v i qua im ( 15; 1)
g) C hai cnh HCN c s c phng trnh x 4 0; y 3=0
h) i qua 2 im A(4; 3)B(2 2;3)
x2 y2
Bi 9: Cho (E):

1 . Vit pttt ca (E) ti M(-5; 4).

50 32
x2 y2

1 . Vit pttt ca (E) bit tip tuyn.

25 9
a) Song song vi ng thng 2x + 3y -8 = 0
b) Vung gc vi ng thng x - 5y +
3 = 0.
c) Bit tip tuyn i qua M(-5; 6)
d) Bit tip tuyn i qua N(-7; 3)
e) Bit tip tuyn i qua K(-8; 6)
Bi 9: Cho (E):

17