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ChandraShekharAzadWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ChandraShekharAzad
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ChandraShekharAzad( /t
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ekrzd/firstnamealso

ChandraShekharAzad

commonlyspeltChandrashekharandChandrasekhar[3]23July
190627February1931),popularlyknownasAzad("TheFree"),
wasanIndianrevolutionarywhoreorganisedtheHindustan
RepublicanAssociationunderthenewnameofHindustanSocialist
RepublicanAssociation(HSRA)afterthedeathofitsfounder,Ram
PrasadBismil,andthreeotherprominentpartyleaders,Roshan
Singh,RajendraNathLahiriandAshfaqullaKhan.
Contents[hide]
1 Biography
1.1 Earlylife
1.2 Revolutionarylife
1.3 ActivitiesinJhansi
1.4 WithBhagatSingh
1.5 Death

StatueofAzadatAzadPark,Allahabad,India

2 Popularculture

Born

ChandraShekharTiwari
23July1906
Bhavra,Alirajpur,CentralIndia
Agency,BritishIndia[1][2]

Died

27February1931(aged24)
Allahabad,United
Provinces,BritishIndia

3 Seealso
4 References
5 Furtherreading
6 Externallinks

Biography
Earlylife

[ edit ]

Othernames Azad
Occupation

[ edit ]

AzadwasbornasChandraShekharTiwarion23July1906
inBhavravillage,inthepresentdayAlirajpurdistrictofMadhya
Pradesh.HisforefatherswerefromBadarkavillagenearKanpur(in
presentdayUnnaoDistrict).Hismother,JagraniDevi,wasthethird
wifeofSitaramTiwari,whosepreviouswiveshaddiedyoung.After

Revolutionaryleader,freedom
fighter,politicalactivist

Organization HindustanRepublican
Association(lateronHindustan
SocialistRepublican
Association)
Knownfor

Indianindependence
independencemovement

thebirthoftheirfirstson,Sukhdev,inBadarka,thefamilymoved
toAlirajpurState.[4][5]
HismotherwantedhersontobeagreatSanskritscholarandpersuadedhisfathertosendhimtoKashi
Vidyapeeth,Banaras,tostudy.InDecember1921,whenMohandasK.GandhilaunchedtheNonCooperation
Movement,ChandraShekhar,thena15yearoldstudent,joined.Asaresult,hewasarrested.Onbeing
producedbeforeamagistrate,hegavehisnameas"Azad"(TheFree),hisfather'snameas"Swatantrata"
(Independent)andhisresidenceas"Jail".FromthatdayhecametobeknownasChandraShekharAzadamong
thepeople.[6]

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AmonumenttoChandraShekhar
AzadinhisnativevillageBadarka

Revolutionarylife

[ edit ]

Aftersuspensionofthenoncooperationmovementin1922byGandhi,Azadbecamemoreaggressive.He
committedhimselftoachievingcompleteindependencebyanymeans.AzadalsobelievedthatIndia'sfuturelayin
socialism.Hemetayoungrevolutionary,PranveshChatterji,whointroducedhimtoRamPrasadBismilwhohad
formedtheHindustanRepublicanAssociation(HRA),arevolutionaryorganisation.Azadwasimpressedwiththe
aimofHRA,i.e.,anindependentIndiawithequalrightsandopportunitytoeveryonewithoutdiscriminationof
caste,creed,religionorsocialstatus.Onintroduction,BismilwasimpressedbyAzad,whenAzadreportedlyput
hishandoveralampanddidnotremoveittillhisskinburnt.HethenbecameanactivememberoftheHRAand
startedtocollectfundsforHRA.Mostofthefundcollectionwasthroughrobberiesofgovernmentproperty.He
alsowantedtobuildanewIndiabasedonsocialistprinciples.Azadandhiscompatriotsalsoplannedand
executedseveralactsofviolenceagainsttheBritish.Mostofhisrevolutionaryactivitieswereplannedand
executedfromShahjahanpurwhichwasalsothehometownofRamPrasad.HewasinvolvedintheKakoriTrain
Robberyof1925,intheattempttoblowuptheViceroy'strainin1926,andatlasttheshootingofJ.P.Saunders
atLahorein1928toavengethekillingofLalaLajpatRai.[citationneeded]
DespitebeingamemberofCongress,MotilalNehruregularlygavemoneyinsupportofAzad.[7]

ActivitiesinJhansi

[ edit ]

AzadmadeJhansihisorganisation'shubforsometime.HeusedtheforestofOrchha,situated15kilometres
(9.3mi)fromJhansi,asasiteforshootingpracticeand,beinganexpertmarksman,hetrainedothermembersof
hisgroup.NeartheforesthebuiltahutneartoaHanumanTempleonthebanksoftheSatarRiver.Helivedthere
underthealiasofPanditHarishankarBrahmachariforalongperiod,andstartedteachingchildrenfromthe
nearbyvillageofDhimarpura.Inthiswayhemanagedtoestablishgoodrapportwiththelocalresidents.The
villageDhimarpurawasrenamedasAzadpurabytheMadhyaPradeshgovernment.
WhilelivinginJhansi,healsolearnedtodriveacaratBundelkhandMotorGarageinSadarBazar.Sadashivrao
Malkapurkar,VishwanathVaishampayanandBhagwanDasMahaurcameinclosecontactwithhimandbecame
anintegralpartofhisrevolutionarygroup.ThethencongressleadersfromRaghunathVinayak
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DhulekarandSitaramBhaskarBhagwatwerealsoclosetoAzad.Healsostayedforsometimeinthehouse
ofRudraNarayanSinghatNaiBasti,aswellasBhagwat'shouseinNagra.

WithBhagatSingh

[ edit ]

Thissectiondoes
notciteanysources.Please
helpimprovethissection
byaddingcitationsto
reliablesources.Unsourced
materialmaybechallenged
andremoved.(September
2012)(Learnhowandwhento
removethistemplatemessage)

TheHindustanRepublicanAssociation(HRA)wasformedbyBismil,Chatterji,SachindraNathSanyaland
ShachindraNathBakshiin1924.IntheaftermathoftheKakoritrainrobberyin1925,theBritishclampeddownon
revolutionaryactivities.Prasad,AshfaqullaKhan,ThakurRoshanSinghandRajendraNathLahiriweresentenced
todeathfortheirparticipation.Azad,KeshabChakravarthyandMurariSharmaevadedcapture.ChandraShekhar
AzadlaterreorganizedtheHRAwiththehelpofrevolutionarieslikeSheoVermaandMahaveerSingh.Azadwas
alsoacloseassociateofBhagwatiCharanVohrawhoalongwithBhagatSingh,Sukhdev,andRajguru,helpedhim
totransformtheHRAintotheHSRAin1928soastoachievetheirprimaryaimofanindependentIndiabasedon
socialistprinciple.

Death

[ edit ]

AzaddiedatAlfredParkinAllahabadon27February1931.[8]inthe
morningofthedayofhisdeathhewenttomeetNehruanddemandedfor
thereleaseofBhagatSinghbyputtingpressureonBritishandonthedeny
ofNehrutheyhadverbalfight.ThisisalsogenerallybelievedthatNehru
hadgivenwhereaboutsofAzadthroughhisinformerThepolicesurround
himintheparkcitinginformationfromaninformer.Hewaswoundedinthe
processofdefendinghimselfandSukhdevRajandkilledthreepolicemen
andwoundedsomeothers.HisactionsmadeitpossibleforSukhdevRaj
toescape.Afteralongshootout,holdingtruetohispledgetoneverbe
capturedalive,heshothimselfdeadwithhislastbullet.Thefilerelatedto

ThetreeinAlfredPark,Allahabad,
whereAzaddied.

AzadispreservedinC.I.D.Headquarters,1,GokhaleMarg,Lucknow.The
ColtpistolofChandraShekharAzadisdisplayedattheAllahabadMuseum.[9]
ThebodywassenttoRasulabadGhatforcremationwithoutinforminggeneralpublic.Asitcametolight,people
surroundedtheparkwheretheincidenthadtakenplace.TheychantedslogansagainsttheBritishruleand
praisedAzad.[9]

Popularculture

[ edit ]

AlfredParkinAllahabad,whereAzaddied,hasbeenrenamedChandrashekharAzadPark.Severalschools,
colleges,roadsandotherpublicinstitutionsacrossIndiaarealsonamedafterhim.
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StartingfromManojKumar's1965filmShaheed,manyfilmshavefeaturedthecharacterofAzad.Sunny
DeolportrayedAzadinthemovie23rdMarch1931:Shaheed.InthemovieTheLegendofBhagatSingh,
starringAjayDevgan,AzadwasportrayedbyAkhilendraMishra.
ThelivesofAzad,BhagatSingh,Rajguru,BismilandAshfaqweredepictedinthe2006filmRangDeBasanti,
withAamirKhanportrayingAzad.Themovie,whichdrawsparallelsbetweenthelivesofyoungrevolutionaries
suchasAzadandBhagatSingh,andtoday'syouth,alsodwellsuponthelackofappreciationamongtoday's
Indianyouthforthesacrificesmadebythesemen.

Seealso

[ edit ]

Yashpal

References

[ edit ]

1.^ChandraShekharAzad(19061931)
2.^BhawanSinghRana(1January2005).ChandraShekharAzad(AnImmortalRevolutionaryOfIndia)

.Diamond

PocketBooks(P)Ltd.p.10.ISBN9788128808166.Retrieved11September2012.
3.^ChandrasekharAzad
4.^TheCalcuttareview

atEncyclopdiaBritannica
.UniversityofCalcutta.Dept.ofEnglish.1958.p.44.Retrieved11September2012.

5.^CatherineB.Asher,ed.(June1994).India2001:referenceencyclopedia

.SouthAsiaPublications.

p.131.ISBN9780945921424.Retrieved11September2012.
6.^Rana,BhawanSingh(2005).ChandraShekharAzad(AnImmortalRevolutionaryofIndia)

.DiamondPocketBooks.

pp.2224.ISBN9788128808166.
7.^Mittal,S.K.Habib,Irfan(June1982)."TheCongressandtheRevolutionariesinthe1920s".SocialScientist10(6):
2037.JSTOR3517065

. (subscriptionrequired)

8.^Bhattacherje,S.B.(1May2009).EncyclopaediaofIndianEvents&Dates

.SterlingPublishersPvt.Ltd.pp.B19.

Retrieved24March2014.
9.^ a bKhatri,RamKrishna(1983).ShaheedonKiChhayaMein.Nagpur:VishwabharatiPrakashan.pp.138139.

Furtherreading

[ edit ]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_Azad

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